Background technology
Tower structure is the important extraordinary braced structures thing of a class in the infrastructure such as transmission of electricity, communication, railway, municipal administration, and the structure of its shaft tower, material etc. can directly influence safety, economy and the reliability of circuit.Using comparatively widely both at home and abroad in the overhead transmission line, shaft tower mainly contains several classes such as wooden stick, concrete frame or prestressed concrete bar, concrete filled steel tube bar, steel pipe pole and iron tower.Wherein iron tower is a pole tower forms commonly used in the extra high voltage network of countries in the world.Generally, use concrete frame in 35KV~110KV circuit, also there is the use concrete frame Plain and knob preferably at the transportation of newly-built 330KV and following circuit and execution conditions at present.Steel pipe pole and concrete filled steel tube bar are in recent years urban distribution network construction and use morely in transforming, and in 220KV and above circuit, adopt the lattice iron tower more.
Above-mentioned electric force pole tower all comprises mobile jib and is arranged on cross-arm on the mobile jib, because no matter be wooden stick or concrete frame or steel pipe pole, iron tower etc., its cross-arm all is in order to bear the weight of power line, all to adopt metal material to make.Therefore, further in order to prevent the cross-arm conducting that power line and metal material are made some beyond thought transmission of electricity accidents take place, iron tower particularly, after power line and cross-arm conducting took place, the earth that electric energy directly can be led caused power wastage.Therefore, can add insulator string at the free end of cross-arm usually.Because power line can or be crossed over building through residential block, non-resident district, therefore, electric force pole tower also must be provided with different height according to the difference in geographical position, particularly exhales the size that claims height again.Shaft tower exhales title highly to be meant the vertical distance of the lower edge edge line of cross-arm under the shaft tower to ground, is designated as H usually.Exhaling of Gan Ta claims it highly is the base altitude of shaft tower, and it plays an important role to safety, the economy of shaft tower.Exhale and claim the calculating formula of height to be:
H=λ+f
max+h
x+Δh
Wherein, λ is the length of insulator string;
f
MaxIt is the maximum sag of lead;
h
xBe that lead is to ground and by the safe distance of leap thing;
Δ h is a construction nargin.
Under certain tower structure, geographical position, span, electric pressure and weather and electric condition, f
Max, h
x, Δ h is certain, therefore, in fact the length lambda of insulator string has determined exhaling of shaft tower to claim height.Therefore can expect that the length of minimizing insulator string or the use of suspension insulator can reduce total height of shaft tower, and then the cost of reduction shaft tower and weight etc.
The specific embodiment
For the present invention being done further explanation, lift following preferred embodiment and conjunction with figs. and be described in detail as follows:
See also Fig. 1, it is the structural representation of the grid power transmission line of first embodiment provided by the present invention with compound inslation tower 100.This grid power transmission line comprises a mobile jib 10 with compound inslation tower 100, and at least one is arranged at the cross-arm 11 on this mobile jib 10, and at least one is used to connect the metal connecting piece 12 of described shaft tower 10 and cross-arm 11.
What also need to further specify is, above-mentioned grid power transmission line with compound inslation tower 100 be a kind of on the font tower.What can expect is, described grid power transmission line can also spill a glass type tower for bird bone type transposition tower, bridge type transposition tower, cat head type tower with compound inslation tower 100, does a kind of in font tower, goat's horn type tower and door type tower or the like.The tower structure of these types and last font tower something in common are all to comprise the basic elements of character such as mobile jib, metal connecting piece and cross-arm.In the present embodiment, only above font tower is an example, and structure and the function of grid power transmission line with compound inslation tower 100 is described.
Described mobile jib 10 is immersed in the resin by pultrusion or winding process preparation by glass fiber yarn.Described glass fiber yarn can be the uninterrupted organdy of alkali-free.Described resin can be polyurethane resin or vinyl ester resin etc.When described resin is polyurethane resin, described glass fiber yarn account for the preparation described mobile jib 10 material of going gross weight 60%~78%.Described polyurethane resin is for to be made by combination reaction by polyalcohol and carbimide.Described polyalcohol accounts for makes 8%~15% of the total material weight of support member, and described carbimide accounts for makes 8%~15% of the total material weight of support member.When described resin is vinyl ester resin, 55%~75% of the gross weight of described mobile jib 10 all materials of described glass fiber yarn point preparation, vinyl ester resin accounts for 22%~40% of all material weight.In addition, when using vinyl ester resin, also will add curing compound, wherein, curing compound accounts for 0.2%~0.5% of all material weight.Certainly, for the curing rate of accelerating mobile jib 10 or the cost that reduces mobile jib 10, can also in the material of preparation mobile jib 10, add accelerator or filler etc.The overall height of described mobile jib 10 equals to exhale title highly to add vertical distance and lightning-arrest support height between power line.What certainly expect is, if this mobile jib 10 is underground fixedly the time by being embedded in, the overall height of mobile jib 10 also will add buries the ground degree of depth.
See also Fig. 2, it is the structural representation of described cross-arm 11.In the font tower, have three cross-arms 11, wherein in the present embodiment, a free end upper position that is arranged on mobile jib 10, be referred to as cross-arm, two other cross-arm 11 radially is vertically set between the last cross-arm and ground of mobile jib 10 along mobile jib 10, is referred to as down cross-arm.Described vertical distance between the cross-arm is up and down set according to electric pressure.Because of the structure of described cross-arm up and down is identical with function, existing only following cross-arm is that example illustrates its structure and function, and only simple in order to describe in the present embodiment, is referred to as cross-arm 11.Described cross-arm 11 comprises an insulating bar 111, a sheath 112 that is coated on these insulating bar 111 outsides, 113, one of full skirts that are arranged at these insulating bar 111 outsides are arranged at the connection gold utensil 114 of described insulating bar 111, and the suspension gold utensil 115 that is arranged at described insulating bar 111 other ends.
Solid hopkinson bar or hollow stem that described insulating bar 111 can be prepared from for the glass fiber that is soaked into by epoxy resin adhesive liquid.When the diameter of this insulating bar 111 during less than certain value such as 110mm, it can prepare by pultrude process.When the diameter of this insulating bar 111 during greater than a certain value such as 110mm, it can prepare by winding process.Described insulating bar 11 is in forming process, and epoxy resin adhesive liquid and glass fiber form epoxy resin-base, i.e. epoxy resin cured product through a series of physicochemical change.Simultaneously, this epoxy resin cured product forms the boundary layer of structure and superior performance between epoxy resin adhesive liquid and glass fiber, this boundary layer is combined into an integral body to glass fiber and epoxide-resin glue, makes the insulating bar of being made by this epoxy resin and glass fiber 111 have favorable mechanical performance and electric property.
Described sheath 112 and full skirt 113 can be made by high-temperature silicon disulfide rubber, auto-vulcanization silicon rubber and liquid curing silicon rubber.In the present embodiment, described sheath 112 and full skirt 113 are coated on the described insulating bar 111 by the high-temperature silicon disulfide rubber integral injection molding, and wherein sheath 112 is arranged between insulating bar 111 and the full skirt 113.What certainly expect is that described sheath 112 also can be made respectively with full skirt 113, and then combines, as boning by viscose glue.Described sheath 112 is coated on the whole insulating bar 111.High-temperature silicon disulfide rubber is that the polysiloxane (being rubber) of HMW (molecular weight is generally 40~800,000) adds reinforced filling and other various additives, the employing organic peroxide is a vulcanizing agent, and a kind of rubber of becoming of interlinkage at high temperature, this rubber abbreviates silicon rubber as.The reinforced filling of high-temperature silicon disulfide rubber can be white carbon, and it can make the intensity of vulcanizate increase by ten times.Add various additives and mainly be the cost that reduces glue, improve properties of rubber and give the various properties of vulcanizate such as fire-retardant, conduction etc.In the present embodiment, described high-temperature silicon disulfide rubber includes with the lower part to be formed: methyl vinyl silicone rubber, white carbon, aluminium hydroxide, silicone oil and vulcanizing agent etc., and the shared weight ratio of described each component is: methyl vinyl silicone rubber 20%~50%, white carbon 20~60%, aluminium hydroxide 25~50%, silicone oil 2~5%, vulcanizing agent 1%.
Described full skirt 113 is in order to increase creep distance to prevent creepage generation.The umbrella body that a plurality of diameter that comprise described full skirt 113 differ.In the present embodiment, described full skirt 113 can comprise many group umbrella bodies, and each group umbrella body comprises the branch umbrella body that three diameter differ.Each long proportional control of skirt of dividing the umbrella body is in certain scope in each group, helps avoiding under the condition of drenching with rain the adjacent minute bridge network between the umbrella body.Be understandable that described cross-arm can comprise a plurality of full skirts 113, also can only have one.When described cross-arm 11 comprised a plurality of full skirt 113, these a plurality of full skirts 113 can be one-body molded, also can distinguish moulding, is bonded in the outside of sheath 112 then by viscose glue.
Described connection gold utensil 114 comprise one connect pedestal 141, one be arranged at the end that connects pedestal 141 and with is connected pedestal 141 vertical continuous splicing sleeve portions 142.Described connection pedestal 141 can be one-body molded with splicing sleeve portion 142, also can tool be fixed together by methods such as welding.Described connection pedestal 141 comprises a plurality of fixing holes 143 that are arranged on this connection pedestal 141.This fixing hole 143 is used for this cross-arm 11 is linked together by Connection Elements such as bolt and mobile jib 10.Described splicing sleeve portion 142 is used for sheathed insulating bar 111, thereby cross-arm 11 is fixed on the mobile jib 10.This insulating bar 111 can be fixed in this splicing sleeve portion 142 by viscose glue, also can insulating bar 111 be fixed in the splicing sleeve portion 142 by the interference fit of insulating bar 111 with splicing sleeve portion 142.Be understandable that, in order to strengthen connecting cannula portion 142 and the intensity that is connected between the pedestal 141, can also splicing sleeve portion 142 be connected between the pedestal 141 and at the arranged outside reinforcing rib 144 of splicing sleeve portion 142.
Described suspension gold utensil 115 comprise one hang pedestal 151, one be arranged at the side that hangs pedestal 151 and with these suspensions pedestal 151 vertical suspension sleeve portions 152 that link to each other, and the suspension part 153 on opposite side that is arranged at suspension pedestal 151.Described suspension pedestal 151 and suspension sleeve portion 152 are identical with the structure and the function of connection pedestal 141, splicing sleeve portion 142 in connecting gold utensil 114, here repeat no more.Described suspension part 153 is arranged on the opposite side relative with respect to suspension sleeve portion 152 that hangs pedestal 151.This suspension part 153 is provided with at least one suppending hole 154, is used to wear power line.
See also Fig. 3, it is the structural representation of described metal connecting piece 12.Described metal connecting piece 12 comprises a sleeve part 121, and at least one is arranged at the linking arm 122 in these sleeve part 121 outsides, and at least one is arranged at the free-ended junction plate 123 of linking arm 122.Thereby the diameter of the diameter of described sleeve part 121 and mobile jib 10 quite is sheathed on metal connecting piece 12 on this mobile jib 10.Its covered method can also can be fixed by crossing the dish fit system by viscose glue is fixing.Described linking arm 122 is fixed on the sleeve part 121, and its fixed form can be welding, and bolt connects, or alternate manner, as pin.In the present embodiment, be used to connect down that the metal connecting piece 12 of cross-arm has two linking arms 122, and the metal connecting piece 12 that is used to connect cross-arm there is a linking arm 122 just passable.Described junction plate 123 be provided with a plurality of with connect pedestal 141 on the connecting hole 124 of fixing hole 143 corresponding setting, be used for to be connected pedestal 141 continuous, thereby fix described cross-arm 11.
Be understandable that described grid power transmission line can also comprise that with compound inslation tower 100 at least one is arranged on the suspension rod 13 between cross-arm 11 and the mobile jib 10.As shown in Figure 4, the structural representation that has suspension rod 13 for described grid power transmission line with compound inslation tower 100.Described suspension rod 13 is used to increase the intensity of cross-arm 11, makes it avoid by the power line stretch bending or pulls off and cause the transmission of electricity accident.The manufactured materials of described suspension rod 13 is similar to the manufactured materials of mobile jib 10, also is glass fiber yarn to be immersed in the resin be prepared from, and has the performance of insulation.
See also Fig. 5, use the structural representation of compound inslation tower 200 for the grid power transmission line that second embodiment of the invention provided.Described grid power transmission line comprises a mobile jib 20 with compound inslation tower 200, at least one is arranged at the cross-arm 21 on this mobile jib 20, at least one is used to connect the metal connecting piece 22 of described shaft tower 20 and cross-arm 21, and at least one is arranged on described cross-arm 21 free-ended insulator strings 23.
The structure and the function of mobile jib 10, cross-arm 11 and metal connecting piece 12 among mobile jib 20 in a second embodiment, cross-arm 21 and metal connecting piece 22 and first embodiment are the same substantially, here repeat no more.
Described insulator string 23 is in order further to increase creep age distance.Under the situation of identical electric pressure, because cross-arm 21 and mobile jib 20 be all by the insulation materials preparation, and cross-arm 21 includes the full skirt 213 that is used to increase creep age distance, therefore, the length of described insulator string 23 is compared with traditional insulator string, and its length can be shorter.Other structures of described insulator string 23 or parameter and conventional insulators string can be identical, here repeat no more.This insulator string 23, is arranged on the described cross-arm 21 as the U-shaped link by a kind of connection gold utensil (figure does not show) of standard.Because the connection gold utensil of this standard is a kind of universal standard part, in the present embodiment, do not described in detail.
Compared with prior art, mobile jib that grid power transmission line usefulness compound inslation tower use composite material of the present invention is made and cross-arm are as the support member of power line, and the arranged outside of cross-arm has sheath and full skirt, make the grid power transmission line can not use insulator string or use ratio to compare shorter insulator string with the conventional insulators string with the compound inslation tower, thereby can reduce total height of shaft tower, and then reduce the cost and the weight of shaft tower.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also do other variation in the spirit of the present invention, as long as it does not depart from technique effect of the present invention, all should be included in the present invention's scope required for protection.