CN201634351U - Movable-arm tower crane and back-tilting prevention device and movable arm collision prevention mechanism of movable-arm tower crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a movable-arm tower crane and a movable arm collision prevention mechanism thereof. The collision prevention mechanism comprises a drum, a ram, a first spring and a second spring. A spring end seat is arranged at the rear end of the drum, the ram extends out of an opening at the front end of the drum, the first spring and the second spring are arranged in an inner cavity of the drum, the second spring is sleeved on the outside of the first spring, the ram is provided with a first working stroke and a second working stroke in the process of range changing and backward tilting of a gibbet, and the ram firstly presses the first spring in the first working stroke and simultaneously presses the first spring and the second spring in the second working stroke. The utility model further discloses a back-tilting prevention device, and drums of two collision mechanism are integrally connected via a cross beam and two straight web members. The collision prevention mechanism is capable of meeting the requirements of reasonable stress, different working conditions, safety and reliability of the movable-arm tower crane, and the back-tilting prevention device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance and easy manufacturing.

Description

Swing arm tower crane and anti-squat system thereof and swing arm anticollision mechanism

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of swing arm anti-squat system and swing arm anticollision mechanism of swing arm tower crane, especially tower crane.

Background technology

Swing arm tower crane anti-squat system is a very important device, and it mainly acts on is to prevent that crane arm from tumbling in amplitude changing process backward.

At present, in the swing arm tower crane, anti-squat system can be divided into all steel contact, hydraulic pressure and spring convolution and mechanical spring formula three classes.

The all steel contact: promptly anti-squat system is the member of an all steel, forms all steel contact in the course of the work between crane arm, anti-squat system, the cat head.In when contact, the stressed impact of framing member is big, actual luffing can occur when maximum owing to make the existence of error in addition, and anti-squat system contacts in advance with jib or delays and contacts.Contact in advance, anti-squat system stroke one rigidity fixed point between crane arm and cat head, jib is by luffing mechanism post-tensioning by force, and it is excessive the framing member local pressure to occur, and the serious jib that causes damages, even the jib fracture; Delay to contact, cause change angle greater than the maximum change angle of design, the tower machine probability of tumbling backward is very big.

Hydraulic pressure and spring convolution: promptly in the inner form that adopts little spring and hydraulic oil to concur of anti-squat system.When the crane arm luffing begins when this device contacts, device inside begins oil suction gradually and internal pressure increases, and this moment, hydraulic oil and little spring outwards provided power together, and crane arm is not toppled.But, such complex structure, cost is higher, and the phenomenon of leakage of oil happens occasionally, and the most important thing is the synchronous of difficult control and crane arm luffing, thereby destroys anti-squat system easily, and tower machine complete machine safety performance is reduced.

The mechanical spring formula is then simple in structure.But, the mechanism that great majority all adopt the bigger single spring of rigidity, not to the limit, just rigidity contacts when causing the crane arm luffing, and stressed unreasonable, impact is bigger between the structure, and tower machine complete machine safety performance is reduced.

The utility model content

One of the utility model purpose is to provide a kind of swing arm anticollision mechanism of swing arm tower crane, and it is simple in structure, dependable performance; Another purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of anti-squat system with this kind anticollision mechanism; The purpose of this utility model also is to provide a kind of swing arm tower crane with this anti-squat system.

For this reason, the utility model provides a kind of anticollision mechanism of anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane, and it comprises: cylindrical shell, its rear end have the spring terminal seat; Lance stretches out from the front opening of cylindrical shell; And first spring and second spring, be arranged in the inner chamber of cylindrical shell, wherein, second spring housing is located at first spring outside; Wherein, lance has first forced stroke of elder generation's compression first spring and compresses first spring simultaneously and second forced stroke of second spring in crane arm luffing hypsokinesis process.

Preferably, the length of above-mentioned first spring is greater than the length of second spring.

Preferably, above-mentioned lance or spring terminal seat have with contacted first retainer of first spring and with contacted second retainer of second spring, wherein, the axial location of first retainer is more forward than the axial location of second retainer.

Preferably, above-mentioned lance comprises: body, telescopically are arranged in the cylindrical shell; Ram, be welded in the body front end; Spring perch is arranged in body, and away from raming; And lining, have the head that radially extends in the body rear end.

Preferably, above-mentioned lining and spring perch weld together, the rear end weld together of lining and body.

Preferably, above-mentioned cylindrical shell comprises: guide pin bushing, for lance provides guiding; And body, the rear end of its front end and guide pin bushing links together, and wherein, the spring terminal seat is welded on the rear end of body.

Preferably, the end that above-mentioned guide pin bushing is connected with body forms flange, and links together by a plurality of spiro connecting pieces.

Preferably, be welded with at least one locating ring on the periphery of above-mentioned telescopic pipe.

On the other hand, the utility model also provides a kind of anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane, it comprises: crossbeam, diagonal web member and two anticollision mechanisms with said structure, wherein, the cylindrical shell of two anticollision mechanisms is connected in aggregates by crossbeam with two straight web members.

In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of swing arm tower crane, it comprises the anti-squat system of said structure, and the crossbeam of this anti-squat system adopts bearing pin to be connected to cat head, and the connecting portion of the cylindrical shell of the anticollision mechanism of anti-squat system is connected to cat head by strut bar or lifting chain link.

In anti-squat system of the present utility model, the sleeve pipe of two anticollision mechanisms directly connects into an integral body by a crossbeam and two web members, and it is simple in structure, and dependable performance is easy to make.The utility model anticollision mechanism can satisfy stressed reasonable, the different operating mode of swing arm tower crane, safe and reliable needs.

Except purpose described above, feature and advantage, the utility model also has other purpose, feature and advantage.With reference to figure, the utility model is described in further detail below.

Description of drawings

Constitute this specification sheets a part, be used for further understanding accompanying drawing of the present utility model and show preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and be used for illustrating principle of the present utility model with specification sheets.Among the figure:

Fig. 1 shows the cat head that is equipped with according to the tower crane of anti-squat system of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 shows the structural representation according to the anti-squat system of the utility model preferred embodiment;

Fig. 3 shows the A-A cutaway view of anti-squat system shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 shows the local enlarged diagram of the jacking block position of anti-squat system shown in Figure 3;

Fig. 5 shows the scheme drawing that is in single spring contact condition according to the anti-squat system of the utility model preferred embodiment; And

Fig. 6 shows the scheme drawing that is in the dual spring contact condition according to the anti-squat system of the utility model preferred embodiment.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the utility model can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.

In the utility model, directional terminology for example " front end ", " forward ", " rear end ", " by the back " " preceding ", " back " that are comprised be with respect to anti-squat system contact with crane arm ram and the edge, what advance from the distance of raming is " preceding ", be " back " from the distance of raming.

Fig. 1 shows the cat head that is equipped with according to the tower crane of anti-squat system of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 1, in this preferred embodiment, the tail end of anti-squat system 100 adopts the bearing pin ways of connecting to be fixed on the A cabinet frame (cat head) 200, and connecting portion 114 (as shown in Figure 3) uses strut bar 210 to be supported on the A cabinet frame (cat head) 200 by design point of view (relevant with crane arm design-calculated contact position).Anti-squat system 100 is used for limiting crane arm 300 in the amplitude changing process hypsokinesis.

In above preferred embodiment, connecting portion 114 is arranged downwards, when connecting portion 114 is arranged, can use the lifting chain link to be pulled on the A cabinet frame (cat head) 200 by design point of view (relevant with crane arm design-calculated contact position) up, with fixing anti-squat system.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 shows the anti-squat system according to the utility model preferred embodiment.In conjunction with reference to Fig. 2 to shown in Figure 4, in this preferred embodiment, anti-squat system 100 comprise crossbeam 130, be welded in the anticollision mechanism 110 at crossbeam 130 two ends and be welded with crossbeam 130 and the simplified 110a of each anticollision mechanism 110 between diagonal web member 150.

Anticollision mechanism 110 of the present utility model comprises: cylindrical shell 110a, and its rear end has spring terminal seat 123; Lance 110b stretches out cylindrical shell from the front opening of cylindrical shell 110a; First spring 121 and second spring 122 that is set in first spring, 121 outsides, be arranged in the inner chamber of cylindrical shell 110a, wherein, lance 110b has the first forced stroke AB of elder generation's compression first spring 121 and compresses first spring 121 simultaneously and the second forced stroke BC of second spring 122 in crane arm luffing hypsokinesis process.

Make lance 110a elder generation compression first spring 121 and then compress first spring 121 simultaneously and second spring 122, can realize in many ways.

For example, make the length of the length of first spring 121 greater than second spring 122, first compression first spring 121 of lance 110b then then compresses first spring 121 and second spring 122 when identical with second spring, 121 length simultaneously when first spring 121 is compressed to.

For example, make lance 110b form with first spring, 121 contacted first retainers and with second spring, 122 contacted second retainers, make first retainer have different axial locations, after promptly the axial location of second retainer leans on than the axial location of first retainer with second retainer.

For example, make spring terminal seat 123 form with first spring, 121 contacted first retainers and with second spring, 122 contacted second retainers, make first retainer have different axial locations, even the axial location of first retainer is more forward than the axial location of second retainer with second retainer.

In the utility model, first spring 121 is in the inboard of second spring 122, and first spring is also referred to as inner spring below 121, and second spring is also referred to as outer spring below 122.Be also referred to as cluster spring below the combination that first spring 121 and second spring 122 constitute.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 anticollision mechanism 110 is described in detail.

Lance is made of telescopic pipe 111, the spring perch 117 and the lining 118 of raming body 115 and being welded in the telescopic pipe that are welded in the telescopic pipe front end.

Lining 118 has guide part 118a that extends vertically and the head 118b that radially extends in telescopic pipe 111 rear ends in telescopic pipe 111.

The end of the guide part 118a of lining 118 and spring perch 117 weld togethers, afterwards, lining 118 and spring perch 117 are made as a whole and telescopic pipe 111 at the rear end of telescopic pipe weld together.

So, spring perch 117 formed can with inner spring 121 contacted first retainers, 118 of bushing pipes formed can with outer spring 122 contacted second retainers.

The structure design cleverly of above-mentioned lance make the lance reliable in structure, Fabricating machinery is required lower, be easy to processing and fabricating.

Cylindrical shell 110a is made of sleeve pipe 113 and guide pin bushing 112.The part that guide pin bushing 112 is connected with sleeve pipe 113 forms flange, links together by spiro connecting piece 116.

The internal diameter of guide pin bushing 112 is identical with the external diameter of lance 111, and has certain-length, so that the mobile guiding that provides of lance 110b is provided.

Cylindrical shell 110a is combined by sleeve pipe 113 and guide pin bushing 112, has reduced the difficulty of processing of cylindrical shell 110a.

Be welded with locating ring 124 on the periphery of telescopic pipe 111, this locating ring 124 is arranged in sleeve pipe 113, is used for limiting the move axially position of telescopic pipe 111 at sleeve pipe 113.Simultaneously, this locating ring 124 also defines telescopic pipe 111 moving radially in sleeve pipe 113, with rocking of restriction telescopic pipe 111.

As shown in Figure 4,124, one forward axial locations with qualification telescopic pipe 111 of two locating rings can be set, after another leans on, on the periphery of telescopic pipe 111 with rocking of restriction telescopic pipe 111.

In addition, the end of outer spring 122 is provided with jacking block 119, and this jacking block 119 is set, and can make the distribution of load of outer spring 122 more even.

Mode of operation to the tower crane anti-squat system that adopts technique scheme describes below.

When the crane arm luffing to raming when contacting with the anti-squat system that is in free state, at this moment the less inner spring of rigidity begins to gradually reduce under the effect of crane arm, this contact is like flexible contact, Fig. 3 shows this mode of operation.

When crane arm continues luffing to contacting with jacking block on the outer spring end that is in free state, be the dual spring parallel connection this moment, the relatively large outer spring of rigidity gradually reduces under the effect of crane arm with the inner spring that amount of compression stroke AB (i.e. first compression stroke) is arranged, this contact is the bigger contact of rigidity, it can satisfy the needs of crane arm under unloading suddenly and certain wind load action, and Fig. 5 shows this mode of operation.

When crane arm continued luffing, the amount of compression stroke was BC (i.e. second compression stroke), and spring is when still having certain amount of compression, and this moment, the limit switch at crane arm arm root place was opened, and warned operating personal to stop luffing, and contact this moment is that accurate rigidity contacts.Fig. 6 shows this mode of operation.

Whole process makes between crane arm and the A cabinet frame (cat head) problem of the impact that produces because of contact be resolved, and the safety of tower machine complete machine is improved.

Design calculation to cluster spring describes below.

Cluster spring of the present utility model is lighter than common spring, and steel wire diameter is less, and it is also convenient to make.Please note following item in design:

(1) intensity of spring will have following relationship through reckoning near equal:

$\frac{d1}{d2}=\frac{D1}{D2}=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{Pn}1}{\mathrm{Pn}2}}$ And Pn=Pn1+Pn2,

Wherein, d is a spring diameter, and D is a spring mean coil diameter, and Pn is by first spring and second spring

The ratio of outer spring maximum working load Pn1 and inner spring maximum working load Pn2 distributes load outer, inner spring by this ratio earlier by design in 5: 2, and the design procedure by single spring carries out then.

(2) concentric relation of cluster spring, it is crooked to prevent that inside and outside spring from producing, and the rotation direction of two springs should be opposite, a dextrorotation, one is left-handed.

(3) the diameter clearance Δ r of the spring of cluster spring will satisfy following relationship:

$\mathrm{\Δr}=\frac{D11-D22}{2}\≥\frac{d1-d2}{2},$ Wherein, D11=D is outer-d outside, in the D22=D+d in.

(4) the areal of support structure of spring end should be able to prevent the skew at work of inside and outside spring.

(5) initial condition of Ji Suaning

A) minimum working load P1: luffing is during to the β angle, and the amount of contracting stroke is the elastic force F that inner spring produced of AB;

B) maximum working load Pn: luffing is during to the γ angle, and the amount of compression stroke is the elastic force F that inside and outside spring produced of BC;

C) forced stroke h: should calculate according to position relationship analysis between anti-squat system and crane arm and the A cabinet frame (cat head);

D) load character: the tower machine is generally impact load;

E) spring classification:, generally select the II class for the tower machine;

F) spring end structure: generally be that two ends also tightly polish, also can select other; And

G) spring material: generally be carbon spring steel wires C level, also can select other as required.

By above description as can be seen, in anti-squat system of the present utility model, the sleeve pipe of two anticollision mechanisms directly connects into an integral body by a crossbeam and two web members, and it is simple in structure, and dependable performance is easy to make.

Be preferred embodiment of the present utility model only below, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of a swing arm tower crane is characterized in that, comprising:

Cylindrical shell (110a), its rear end have spring terminal seat (123);

Lance (110b) stretches out from the front opening of described cylindrical shell (110a); And

First spring (121) and second spring (122) are arranged in the inner chamber of described cylindrical shell (110a), and wherein, second spring (122) is set in described first spring (121) outside;

Wherein, described lance (110b) has first forced stroke (AB) of elder generation's described first spring of compression (121) and compresses described first spring (121) simultaneously and second forced stroke (BC) of second spring (122) in crane arm (300) luffing hypsokinesis process.

2. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the length of described first spring (121) is greater than the length of second spring (122).

3. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lance (110b) or described spring terminal seat (123) have with contacted first retainer of described first spring (121) and with contacted second retainer of described second spring (122), wherein, the axial location of described first retainer is more forward than the axial location of second retainer.

4. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described lance (110b) comprising:

Body (111), telescopically are arranged in the described cylindrical shell (110a);

Ram (115), be welded in described body (111) front end;

Spring perch (117) is arranged in described body (111), and away from described raming (115); And

Lining (118) has the head (118b) that radially extends in described body (111) rear end.

5. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described lining (118) and described spring perch (117) weld together, the rear end weld together of described lining (118) and described body (111).

6. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described cylindrical shell (110a) comprising:

Guide pin bushing (112), (110b) provides guiding for described lance; And

Body (113), the rear end of its front end and described guide pin bushing (112) links together,

Wherein, described spring terminal seat (123) is welded on the rear end of described body (113).

7. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the end that described guide pin bushing (112) is connected with body (113) forms flange, and links together by a plurality of spiro connecting pieces (116).

8. the anticollision mechanism of the anti-squat system of swing arm tower crane according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is welded with at least one locating ring (124) on the periphery of described telescopic pipe (111).

9. the anti-squat system of a swing arm tower crane, it is characterized in that, comprise: crossbeam (130), diagonal web member (150) and two are according to each described anticollision mechanism (110) in the claim 1 to 8, wherein, the cylindrical shell (110a) of two described anticollision mechanisms (110) is connected in aggregates by crossbeam (130) with two described straight web members (150).

10. swing arm tower crane, it is characterized in that, comprise anti-squat system according to claim 9 (100), it is characterized in that, the crossbeam (130) of described anti-squat system (100) adopts bearing pin to be connected to cat head (200), and the connecting portion (114) of the cylindrical shell (110a) of the anticollision mechanism (110) of described anti-squat system (100) is connected to described cat head (200) by strut bar or lifting chain link (210).

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