CN201622739U - Normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument - Google Patents
Normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN201622739U CN201622739U CN2010201473616U CN201020147361U CN201622739U CN 201622739 U CN201622739 U CN 201622739U CN 2010201473616 U CN2010201473616 U CN 2010201473616U CN 201020147361 U CN201020147361 U CN 201020147361U CN 201622739 U CN201622739 U CN 201622739U
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- normal temperature
- metal gadolinium
- refrigeration
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument belonging to the technical field of demonstration teaching of college physics. The structure is as follows: a permanent magnet (3) for generating a magnetic field is arranged; metal gadolinium (5) as a refrigerating working medium is embedded on a working disc (1) of an insulating material; the working disc (1) is driven to rotate by a controllable motor (2); the metal gadolinium (5) does circular movement and enters or leaves the magnetic field; and a temperature sensing probe is embedded in the metal gadolinium (5) and is electrically connected with a thermometer (4) by an electric brush. The normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument also can arrange a direct-current electrical coil on the permanent magnet coaxially, so that the magnetic field with superposition of field intensity and variable size is obtained. The normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument can demonstrate and observe the whole physical process of magnetocaloric effect very clearly and intuitively, thus not only strengthening the demonstration teaching work in the teaching field, but also enhancing the technical improvement and innovation of the magnetic cooling field, and having promoting function of personnel training and market development.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model belongs to the technical field of College Physics teaching demonstration.
Background technology:
Normal temperature magnetic Refrigeration Technique and Related product are having very superior performance and wide prospect.Compare with traditional Refrigeration Technique, its refrigerating efficiency can improve 20%～30%.Especially commendable is that it can not produce the environmental disruption problem that freon refrigeration brings.Have in addition that energy consumption is low, advantage such as noiselessness, volume are little.
The magnetic refrigeration is exactly to utilize the magnetothermal effect refrigeration; Magnetothermal effect is meant that magnetic refrigeration working substance emits heat to the external world when isothermal magnetization, and temperature reduces during adiabatic demagnetization, absorbs the phenomenon of heat from the external world.Magnetothermal effect is the most remarkable near the Curie temperature of material, and when effect had external magnetic field, the reduction of the magnetic entropy value of this material was also emitted heat; Otherwise when removing external magnetic field, the magnetic entropy value of material raises and absorbs heat.
At present, normal temperature magnetic Refrigeration Technique also is in conceptual phase.In some laboratories, at the research and development magnetic refrigeration apparatus, the means of freezing by magnetic have reached the cooling refrigeration.There is shortcoming in the work aspect popularization of normal temperature magnetic refrigeration and the teaching at present, do not have to demonstrate the instructional device of normal temperature magnetic refrigeration.
The utility model content:
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, exploitation normal temperature magnetic refrigeration demonstrating instrument is used for teaching demonstration, the whole process of significantly demonstrating out the magnetic refrigeration directly perceived, and the relation that demonstration refrigeration degree changes with magnitude of field intensity, and then the theory teaching and the experimental teaching of auxiliary magnetic refrigeration, strengthen the understanding of the students of science and technology of university to the magnetic refrigerating field.
The utility model is theoretical foundation with the magneto-caloric effect, and described magneto-caloric effect when referring to that promptly some material enters the highfield district, can be emitted heat owing to be magnetized; When it leaves magnetic field and since cancellation magnetic field can absorb heat.Operation material of the present utility model just is based on this principle.Operation material enters field regions under the driving of motor, emits heat owing to being magnetized, and operation material can leave field regions then, this moment since cancellation magnetic field, operation material can absorption portion heat.Show intuitively that in teaching magnetic refrigeration phenomenon helps to the understanding of magneto-caloric effect with to the exploitation of magnetic refrigeration application.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of normal temperature magnetic refrigeration demonstrating instrument, structure have the permanent magnet 3 that produces magnetic field, it is characterized in that, make refrigeration working medium with metal gadolinium 5, metal gadolinium 5 is installed on the scratch diskette 1 of insulating material, and scratch diskette 1 is by controllable motor 2 driven rotary, and metal gadolinium 5 enters or leave magnetic field as circular motion; Temperature probe buries and is contained in the metal gadolinium 5, is electrically connected with temperature measuring gauge 4 by brush.
Described metal gadolinium 5 can be a metal gadolinium sheet, and scratch diskette 1 can be the disk by insulating material processing, studs with operation material metal gadolinium sheet near scratch diskette 1 edge.Gadolinium is a kind of rare earth metal, because gadolinium has the characteristics of Curie temperature near room temperature, so the normal temperature magnetic refrigeration effect highly significant of gadolinium, so preferable alloy gadolinium sheet is a refrigeration working medium.Metal gadolinium sheet can the turning axle with scratch diskette 1 be that symcenter is installed multi-disc on scratch diskette 1, and such as 6～18, it is even to help rotating speed.
Can adopt thermocouple temperature measurement.Thermopair is inserted operation material metal gadolinium 5 inside, and analogy is inserted and is embedded in the metal gadolinium sheet, is connected on the temperature measuring gauge by brush on the disk and lead again.The temperature of so just can real-time tracing measuring the metal gadolinium sheet that inserts thermopair.
Normal temperature magnetic refrigeration demonstrating instrument of the present utility model requires that higher magnetic field intensity is arranged, and the size of magnetic field intensity is adjustable continuously in certain scope.Therefore select following magnetic Circuit Design and making.
Described magnetic field is the stack magnetic field that is produced by permanent magnet 3 and 11 two part-structures of solenoid; Wherein, permanent magnet 3 is made of the magnetic patch 14 of the yoke 13 of open annular, the NdFeB material installed respectively at yoke 13 two ends, the poly-magnetic head 15 of two truncated cone-shaped that is placed on the magnetic patch 14 respectively, and the opposite pole of two magnetic patch 14 is relative; Wherein, solenoid 11 coaxial being wrapped on the permanent magnet 3 are by continuously adjustable direct supply 12 power supplies.
On coil, add electric current, the size of magnetic field intensity is changed, because the strength of current by coil is adjustable continuously, just can produce continually varying current field within the specific limits, the magnitude of field intensity of the stack of permanent magnetic field and current field also can change within the specific limits continuously.In the process that repeats a step under the driving of motor, just can Direct observation and measure concrete data, and then inquire into the relation of magnetic refrigeration degree and magnitude of field intensity.
The utility model has determined to realize optimum experiment effect with optimum parameters; On the basis of original permanent magnetic field, increased the current field that to regulate continuously, so just made this instrument can observe the relation that magnetic refrigeration degree changes with magnitude of field intensity; Thermopair combines with the ingenious of brush, can real-time tracing measures the temperature of metal gadolinium sheet, so just can observe the thermal effect in the whole physical process very obviously, very intuitively.The utility model had both remedied the shortcoming of room temperature magnetic refrigerating teaching demonstration device, strengthened the teaching demonstration work of magnetic fields, be conceived to the bright prospects of room-temperature magnetic refrigeration technology again, power all has significant impetus in the technological improvement and the innovation that promote this field itself to the personnel training and the market development.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the utility model one-piece construction synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the permanent magnet of Fig. 1 and the synoptic diagram of solenoid combination.
Embodiment:
Among Fig. 1,1 is scratch diskette, and 2 is controllable motor, and 3 is permanent magnet, and 4 is temperature measuring gauge, and 5 is the metal gadolinium.Metal gadolinium 5 is made refrigeration working medium, the scratch diskette 1 that the is installed in insulating material place that keeps to the side; Controllable motor 2 drives scratch diskette 1 rotation, makes metal gadolinium 5 do the magnetic field that permanent magnet 3 produces that enters in circular motion and cycle; Temperature probe buries and is contained in the metal gadolinium 5, is electrically connected with temperature measuring gauge 4 by brush.
By Fig. 2, described permanent magnet 3 can be made of yoke 13, magnetic patch 14 and poly-magnetic head 15.Yoke 13 is open annular.The opposite pole of magnetic patch 14, two magnetic patch 14 of the NdFeB material of installing respectively at yoke 13 two ends is relative.Can settle truncated cone-shaped to gather magnetic head 15 on magnetic patch 14 respectively, the space between the poly-magnetic head 15 is exactly a field regions.
In order to observe and measure the relation of refrigeration degree and magnitude of field intensity, can be on the permanent magnet 3 coaxial solenoid 11 (solenoid) that is equipped with, solenoid 11 is powered by continuously adjustable direct supply 12, thereby is changed the direction in the magnetic field of solenoid 11 generations by the electrical current direction of reversing switch change solenoid 11.Such permanent magnet 3 and solenoid 11 produces the stack in magnetic fields, change magnitude of field intensity that can be in a big way.
Concrete can be: permanent magnet 3 can provide the magnetic field of the fixed size of 1.4～1.7T in the scope of the magnetic circuit spacing of 6.5mm.Solenoid 11 can use-direct supply 12 power supplies of 10～10A, and the magnetic field superposition that produces ± 0～0.2T is on the magnetic field of permanent magnet 3.Like this, the magnetic field that poly-magnetic head is 15 can change in 1.2～1.9T scope, just can observe directly the relation of refrigeration degree and magnitude of field intensity.
Under the driving of motor, scratch diskette 1 rotates, and operation material metal gadolinium 5 enters field regions, and the gadolinium sheet produces heat owing to be magnetized, and temperature rises about 1.8k suddenly.Allow this moment the gadolinium sheet stop 20 seconds left and right sides time in field regions, the gadolinium sheet slowly leaves heat, gets back to initial temperature (having got back to room temperature) again.Starter motor allows the gadolinium sheet leave magnetic field, and temperature can reduce about 1.5k suddenly.This temperature that is lower than room temperature 1.5k is exactly the magnetic refrigeration of being demonstrated.
Scratch diskette flexible and magnetic field have stronger attractive force to operation material Gd, cause the gadolinium sheet to be attracted on the magnet frictional heat.Solution: at the yoke place with iron plate to increase the magnetic field width.
Claims (4)
1. normal temperature magnetic refrigeration demonstrating instrument, structure has the permanent magnet (3) that produces magnetic field, it is characterized in that, make refrigeration working medium with metal gadolinium (5), metal gadolinium (5) is installed on the scratch diskette (1) of insulating material, scratch diskette (1) is by controllable motor (2) driven rotary, and metal gadolinium (5) is made circular motion and entered or leave magnetic field; Temperature probe buries and is contained in the metal gadolinium (5), is electrically connected with temperature measuring gauge (4) by brush.
2. according to the described normal temperature magnetic of claim 1 refrigeration demonstrating instrument, it is characterized in that the stack magnetic field that described magnetic field is produced by permanent magnet (3) and (11) two part-structures of solenoid; Wherein, the poly-magnetic head (15) of two truncated cone-shaped that permanent magnet (3) installs the magnetic patch (14) of NdFeB material respectively by the yoke (13) of open annular, at yoke (13) two ends, be placed on the magnetic patch (14) respectively constitutes, and the opposite pole of two magnetic patch (14) is relative; Wherein, what solenoid (11) was coaxial is wrapped on the permanent magnet (3), is powered by continuously adjustable direct supply (12).
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described normal temperature magnetic refrigeration demonstrating instruments, it is characterized in that described metal gadolinium (5) is a metal gadolinium sheet, the turning axle that metal gadolinium sheet is gone up with scratch diskette (1) at scratch diskette (1) is that symcenter is installed 6～18.
4. according to the described normal temperature magnetic of claim 3 refrigeration demonstrating instrument, it is characterized in that described temperature probe is a thermopair, slotting being embedded in the metal gadolinium sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201473616U CN201622739U (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201473616U CN201622739U (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201622739U true CN201622739U (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201473616U Expired - Fee Related CN201622739U (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2010-04-01 | Normal temperature magnetic refrigerating demonstration instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201622739U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105572164A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-11 | 华侨大学 | Permanent magnet test device and measuring method for magnetic annealing comparison |
| CN112316872A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 张亚 | Magnetic internal temperature adjusting mechanism of reaction kettle |
-
2010
- 2010-04-01 CN CN2010201473616U patent/CN201622739U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105572164A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-11 | 华侨大学 | Permanent magnet test device and measuring method for magnetic annealing comparison |
| CN112316872A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 张亚 | Magnetic internal temperature adjusting mechanism of reaction kettle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20101103 Termination date: 20110401 |