CN201606163U - Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine - Google Patents
Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN201606163U CN201606163U CN2010201091683U CN201020109168U CN201606163U CN 201606163 U CN201606163 U CN 201606163U CN 2010201091683 U CN2010201091683 U CN 2010201091683U CN 201020109168 U CN201020109168 U CN 201020109168U CN 201606163 U CN201606163 U CN 201606163U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an air inlet of an air-breathing pulse detonation engine, which is characterized in that the engine case forms an annular air inlet, an air-inlet cone is mounted at the middle axle on the back end of the air inlet, an annular channel is formed by a cylindrical structure at the back of the air-inlet cone and the engine case; the airflow enters special-shaped flow channels after passing through the annular channel, the special-shaped flow channels are arranged evenly along the periphery of the air inlet, the distance between the central symmetric curve of the special-shaped flow channel and the engine central axis is invariable but deviate along the circumference; a fuel gallery is mounted at the middle axle of the air-inlet cone, two ends of the fuel gallery are respectively connected with a fuel inlet and a fuel injection rod mounted at the centre axis outside of the back end of the cylindrical structure, the fuel injection rod is a hollow oil tube with one closed end, the side face of the fuel injection rod is provided with several fuel injection holes, a mixing chamber is formed by the engine case and the back end face of the cylindrical structure, and an igniter is located on the side wall of the mixing chamber. The utility model can improve the atomization and the evaporation of the fuel and reduce the influence of the gas back-transmission on the air inlet.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of engines, especially a kind of intake duct of pulse-knocking engine.
Background technique
Pulse-knocking engine is that a kind of high temperature, high-pressure gas that utilizes intermittent detonation wave to produce produces thrust new ideas advancing means.According to whether carrying oxygenant, pulse-knocking engine is divided into air-breathing pulse detonation engine and rocket type pulse-knocking engine.
In view of the performance characteristic of air-breathing pulse detonation engine, its intake duct and head construction are particularly important.It not only will provide the incoming flow of continous-stable for the stable operation of motor, also needs to propagate less pitot loss and the higher stable nargin of maintenance under the periodic swinging back pressure of coming at the downstream detonation chamber.The rotary valve-type intake duct is attempted being used for air-breathing pulse detonation engine, and rotary valve can be controlled the high pressure that air inlet can be isolated pinking circulation time detonation chamber again.But the use of rotary valve has brought the driving and the control problem of rotary component, has increased the complexity of system, and it is big that flow resistance becomes, and because the technical limitations of valve itself also can influence the raising of engine operation frequency.Another kind of intake duct form is a pneumatic valve formula intake duct, and it makes motor realize self adaption work by the geometrical construction and the engine operation characteristic of air inlet runner.With respect to the rotary valve-type intake duct, pneumatic valve formula intake duct structure is comparatively simple, and quality is less and do not need machinery valve.Common pneumatic valve has non-return valve function preferably, but it can not improve fuel-oil atmozation, evaporation and blending problem.Mixed gas still needs one section long blending distance.The rotary flow type pneumatic valve can improve the blending of oil gas, but its structure is still complicated, and blade may produce distortion in engine operation after the long period.Because the inlet and the exit angle of blade are fixed the velocity variations of forward incoming flow and reverse combustion gas in the time of can not adapting to the engine operation frequency change.
Summary of the invention
Can not take into account simple and reliable for structure and the deficiency oil gas blending in order to overcome prior art, the utility model provides a kind of air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine, can improve the air-breathing pulse detonation engine working stability, improve the blending of air-flow and fuel, reduce the blending distance, thereby shorten motor length, and can reduce anti-influence of flowing combustion gas for intake duct.
The technological scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: comprise the cylindrical structural 5 at motor body 1, intake duct 2, inlet cone 3, inlet cone rear portion, abnormally-structured 7, fuel injection bar 8, mixing chamber 10, igniter 11, fuel inlet 12 and fuel gallery 13.Motor body 1 forms the intake duct 2 of ring, and air is by intake duct 2 inflow engine heads, and there is an inlet cone 3 at axis place, intake duct rear end, and the cylindrical structural 5 at inlet cone rear portion forms an annular pass 4 with motor body 1.Air-flow enters abnormally-structured 7 behind the annular pass.Abnormally-structured 7 include several special-shaped flow passages 6, and special-shaped flow passage is circumferentially evenly distributed along intake duct, and the structure of each special-shaped flow passage is identical.Special-shaped flow passage is characterised in that: along airintake direction, the center symmetrical curve of special-shaped flow passage and the distance of motor medial axis are constant, but along circumferential offset, promptly along airintake direction, the tangent direction of special-shaped flow passage 6 center symmetrical curves and the angle of motor medial axis increase gradually, and increase speed increases along airintake direction.Like this, behind the airflow passes special-shaped flow passage, each strand air-flow all has a circumferential component velocity in the special-shaped flow passage outlet, forms one rotation direction air-flow.There is fuel gallery 13 at inlet cone axis place, the two ends, fuel gallery connect fuel inlet 12 respectively and are positioned at the fuel injection bar 8 at axis place outside the cylindrical structural rear end, fuel injection bar 8 is the hollow oil pipe of end sealing, and there are several fuel injection holes 9 side of fuel injection bar.Motor body 1 forms mixing chamber 10 with the ear end face of cylindrical structural 5, and igniter 11 is positioned on the sidewall of mixing chamber 10.Fuel oil enters fuel gallery 13 by fuel inlet 12, arrives 9 ejections from the fuel injection hole of fuel injection bar 8 backs.Mix at mixing chamber 10 with air-flow fuel oil ejection back, after both mix, is lighted mixed gas and finally formed pinking by igniter 11.
As a kind of preferred version of the present utility model, 13 have a cavity 14 at an abnormally-structured end ring near mixing chamber around the fuel gallery, cavity 14 is not communicated with special-shaped flow passage 6.When combustion gas oppositely flow to abnormally-structured end, because the special-shaped flow passage area is less, resistance was bigger, and the cavity area is bigger, and most of combustion gas meeting at first accumulates in the cavity, makes this part combustion gas oppositely flow into the time retardation of special-shaped flow passage, pressure reduces, and helps the work of intake duct.And combustion gas acts on cavity and forms thrust, and the weight of motor also alleviates to some extent.
The distance of igniter 11 and cylindrical structural 5 ear end faces is 1～2 times of intake duct diameter.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: in general, air-breathing pulse detonation engine needs a special mixing chamber and igniting chamber.Gas mixture mixes at mixing chamber, is mixed gas and is finally formed pinking by spark ignitor behind the arrival igniting chamber.In fact, gas mixture is through behind the mixing chamber, further mixes at igniting chamber just to begin igniting, and this just needs long blending distance, makes the increase of motor entire length.When speed of incoming flow was big, near the gas mixture speed the spark plug was also bigger, at this moment needed to design special igniting chamber to guarantee stable ignition.The utility model provides a kind of new oil gas hybrid mode.After the incoming flow process abnormally-structured 7, each strand exit flow all has a circumferential component velocity, and like this, some strands of exit flows form one eddy flow.Fuel oil is by 8 ejections of fuel injection bar, and fuel injection bar 8 is the hollow oil pipe of end sealing, has the plurality of rows nozzle opening along tube wall, and fuel oil is through nozzle opening ejection and and Gas Mixing in Cross flow.Because the effect of entrainmenting of rotation direction air-flow, the blending of air-flow and fuel oil speeds up, and the shear action of rotation direction air-flow makes the fuel oil granularity reduce, and can improve the atomizing and the evaporation of fuel oil.
For air-breathing pulse detonation engine, after pinking forms,, detonation chamber pressure the combustion gas reverse flow forms negative sense thrust because greater than the head suction pressure, making.So, under the prerequisite that guarantees the intake duct proper functioning, how to reduce the combustion gas anti-pass influence of intake duct become one of key technology of air-breathing pulse detonation engine.The utility model provides a kind of method of improving this problem.Design special special-shaped flow passage 6, along airintake direction, the tangent direction of each special-shaped flow passage 6 center symmetrical curve and the space angle of motor medial axis increase gradually, and increase speed increases along airintake direction.During the forward air inlet, intake resistance is less, and forms the rotation direction air-flow; And combustion gas is anti-when flowing, and most combustion gas meetings act on closed end, and the fraction combustion gas enters the eddy flow passage, stops but the structure of eddy flow passage makes itself form combustion gas, and the eddy flow passage also plays the effect of thrust wall simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. structural drawing of the present utility model;
Fig. 2. intake duct of the present utility model and head partial structurtes figure;
Fig. 3. the abnormally-structured and special-shaped flow passage structural drawing of the utility model;
Fig. 4. a kind of preferred version structural drawing of the present utility model;
Fig. 5. embodiment's schematic representation of the present utility model;
1. engine housings among the figure, 2. intake duct, 3. inlet cone, 4. annular pass, 5. cylindrical structural, 6. special-shaped flow passage, 7. abnormally-structured, 8. fuel injection bar, 9. nozzle opening, 10. mixing chamber, 11. spark plugs, 12. fuel inlet, 13. fuel gallery, 14. cavity, 15. detonation chambers, 16. pinking intensifiers.
Embodiment
Application of the present utility model is air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine and a head as shown in Figure 1.But the utility model is applicable to that also some requires the very fast and higher burner of atomization quality of oil gas blending.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the utility model comprises the cylindrical structural 5 at motor body 1, intake duct 2, inlet cone 3, inlet cone rear portion, abnormally-structured 7, fuel injection bar 8, mixing chamber 10, spark plug 11, fuel inlet 12 and fuel gallery 13.Motor body 1 forms the intake duct 2 of ring, and air is by intake duct 2 inflow engine heads, and there is an inlet cone 3 at axis place, intake duct rear end, and the cylindrical structural 5 at inlet cone rear portion forms an annular pass 4 with motor body 1.Air-flow enters abnormally-structured 7 behind the annular pass.Abnormally-structured 7 include several special-shaped flow passages 6, and special-shaped flow passage is circumferentially evenly distributed along intake duct, and the structure of each special-shaped flow passage is identical.Special-shaped flow passage as shown in Figure 3, along airintake direction, the center symmetrical curve of special-shaped flow passage and the distance of motor medial axis are constant, but along circumferential offset, promptly along airintake direction, the tangent direction of special-shaped flow passage 6 center symmetrical curves and the angle of motor medial axis increase gradually, and increase speed increases along airintake direction.Like this, behind the airflow passes special-shaped flow passage, each strand air-flow all has a circumferential component velocity in the special-shaped flow passage outlet, forms one rotation direction air-flow.There is fuel gallery 13 at inlet cone axis place, the two ends, fuel gallery connect fuel inlet 12 respectively and are positioned at the fuel injection bar 8 at axis place, cylindrical structural rear end, fuel injection bar 8 is the hollow oil pipe of end sealing, and there are several fuel injection holes 9 side of fuel injection bar.Motor body 1 forms mixing chamber 10 with cylindrical structural 5, and spark plug 11 is positioned on the sidewall of mixing chamber 10.Fuel oil enters fuel gallery 13 by fuel inlet 12, arrives 9 ejections from the fuel injection hole of fuel injection bar 8 backs.Mix at mixing chamber 10 with air-flow fuel oil ejection back, after both mix, is lighted mixed gas and finally formed pinking by spark plug 11.
As shown in Figure 4, the utility model 13 has a cavity 14 at an abnormally-structured end ring near mixing chamber around the fuel gallery, and cavity 14 is not communicated with special-shaped flow passage 8.When combustion gas oppositely flow to abnormally-structured end, because the special-shaped flow passage area is less, resistance was bigger, and the cavity area is bigger, and most of combustion gas meeting at first accumulates in the cavity, makes this part combustion gas oppositely flow into the time retardation of special-shaped flow passage, pressure reduces, and helps the work of intake duct.And combustion gas acts on cavity and forms thrust, and the weight of motor also alleviates to some extent.
As shown in Figure 5, at air-breathing pulse detonation engine in operation cycle, at first, incoming flow with certain speed enters intake duct 2, enter annular pass 4 after walking around inlet cone 3, air-flow evenly enters each special-shaped flow passage 6 by the annular pass, and the air-flow of per share special-shaped flow passage outlet has a circumferential component velocity, forms one rotation direction air-flow after they meet.Simultaneously, fuel injection hole 9 ejections on the fuel injection bar 8 are carried out blending and are filled detonation chamber 15 at mixing chamber 10 with air-flow.When the detonation chamber filling finishes, spark plug is sent fire signal, the gas mixture in the spark ignitor mixing chamber forms detonation.The deflagration wave pressure and temperature constantly raises, and flame is quickened.Deflagration wave forms detonation wave and produces thrust through pinking intensifier 15 backs are final.
Claims (3)
1. air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine, comprise the cylindrical structural at motor body, intake duct, inlet cone, inlet cone rear portion, abnormally-structured, fuel injection bar, mixing chamber, igniter, fuel inlet and fuel gallery, it is characterized in that: motor body forms the intake duct of ring, air flows into engine head by intake duct, there is an inlet cone at axis place, intake duct rear end, and the cylindrical structural at inlet cone rear portion and motor body form an annular pass; Air-flow enters abnormally-structured behind the annular pass; Abnormally-structured several special-shaped flow passages that includes, special-shaped flow passage is circumferentially evenly distributed along intake duct, and the structure of each special-shaped flow passage is identical, the center symmetrical curve of special-shaped flow passage and the distance of motor medial axis are constant, but along circumferential offset, promptly increase gradually, and increase speed increases along airintake direction along the tangent direction of airintake direction special-shaped flow passage center symmetrical curve and the angle of motor medial axis; There is the fuel gallery at inlet cone axis place, and the two ends, fuel gallery connect fuel inlet respectively and are positioned at the fuel injection bar at axis place outside the cylindrical structural rear end, and the fuel injection bar is the hollow oil pipe of end sealing, and there are several fuel injection holes the side of fuel injection bar; The ear end face of motor body and cylindrical structural forms mixing chamber, and igniter is positioned on the sidewall of mixing chamber.
2. a kind of air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a described abnormally-structured end ring near mixing chamber has a cavity around the fuel gallery, cavity is not communicated with special-shaped flow passage.
3. a kind of air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance of described igniter and cylindrical structural ear end face is 1～2 times of intake duct diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201091683U CN201606163U (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2010-02-04 | Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201091683U CN201606163U (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2010-02-04 | Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201606163U true CN201606163U (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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| CN2010201091683U Expired - Lifetime CN201606163U (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2010-02-04 | Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101776026B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-11-02 | 西北工业大学 | Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine |
-
2010
- 2010-02-04 CN CN2010201091683U patent/CN201606163U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101776026B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-11-02 | 西北工业大学 | Air inlet of air-breathing pulse detonation engine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20101013 Effective date of abandoning: 20111102 |