The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of unit switch controller, can gather the data in the environment, and carries out overcurrent and earth leakage protective.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of unit switch controller, comprising:
PLC, signal acquisition controller that links to each other with described PLC and leading leakage indicator respectively;
Described signal acquisition controller is used to gather three-phase alternating current and obtains current parameters, judge whether overcurrent of described three-phase alternating current according to this current parameters and default threshold value, export first switch controlling signal during overcurrent or send guard signal to described PLC;
Described leading leakage indicator is used to measure the resistance of leak resistance and sends to described PLC;
Whether described PLC is used to judge the resistance of described leak resistance less than a default resistance threshold, if less than would export the second switch control signal; And according to described guard signal output second switch control signal.
Further, described signal acquisition controller specifically comprises:
Input/output board and CPU board;
Described input/output board is used to gather three-phase alternating current and obtains current parameters and send to CPU board, exports first switch controlling signal or sends guard signal to described PLC according to the guard signal that CPU board sends;
Described CPU board links to each other with described input/output board; be used to preserve described threshold value; judge that according to the current parameters of described input/output board collection described three-phase alternating current whether more than or equal to described threshold value, is then to produce guard signal and send to described input/output board.
Further, described input/output board specifically comprises:
Alternating current quantity sampling chip and protection relay, wherein:
Described alternating current quantity sampling chip is used to gather three-phase alternating current, obtains described current parameters, and this current parameters is sent to described CPU board;
Described protection relay is its moving contact and fixed contact disconnection when receiving described guard signal.
Further, described CPU board specifically comprises:
Memory, serial bus interface and comparator;
Described memory is used to preserve described threshold value;
Described serial bus interface links to each other with alternating current quantity sampling chip on described comparator and the described input/output board, and the described current parameters that this alternating current quantity sampling chip is obtained sends to described comparator;
Described comparator links to each other with described memory and described serial bus interface, and whether more described current parameters is greater than or equal to this threshold value, is then to produce described guard signal and send to described input/output board.
Further, described input/output board also comprises:
One selector comprises an input, at least two outputs and a control end;
Described input links to each other with described comparator, and first output links to each other with the coil of described relay, and second output links to each other with described PLC, and described control end is connected with described input one in first, second output according to the control signal that receives.
Further, described leading detection of electrical leakage implement body comprises:
Be used to generate measuring voltage voltage generation circuit, be used for the tension measuring circuit of acquisition system voltage and processor; And
Modulus conversion chip connects described voltage generation circuit and tension measuring circuit respectively, receives described measuring voltage and system voltage, carries out sending to described processor after the analog-to-digital conversion;
Be used to connect the leak resistance measurement port of leak resistance, link to each other with described voltage generation circuit;
Described leak resistance is carried out dividing potential drop to described measuring voltage; Described processor is determined the resistance of described leak resistance according to the reduction amplitude of described measuring voltage and is sent.
Further, each described voltage generation circuit comprises respectively: the voltage reference source that is used to export stable reference voltage;
Operational amplifier links to each other with the output of described voltage reference source, and described reference voltage is enlarged into reference voltage;
Bleeder circuit links to each other with described operational amplifier, and a passage of described modulus conversion chip is continuous, obtains measuring voltage by described reference voltage dividing potential drop, inputs to the passage of continuous described modulus conversion chip;
Described leak resistance measurement port links to each other with described bleeder circuit.
Further, described bleeder circuit comprises first resistance and second resistance that is connected on successively between described operational amplifier output terminal and the ground wire; The two ends of described second resistance are connected on the input of described first modulus conversion chip;
Described leak resistance measurement port comprises first splicing ear and second splicing ear that links to each other with described leak resistance two ends respectively, is connected respectively to the two ends of described second resistance.
Further, described voltage generation circuit is seven, with corresponding one by one seven the leak resistance measurement port that link to each other of described seven voltage generation circuits; Described modulus conversion chip comprises at least seven passages, is respectively first to the 7th passage;
Bleeder circuit in each described voltage generation circuit connects first to the 7th passage of described modulus conversion chip respectively.
Further, described tension measuring circuit comprises:
First, second voltage measurement terminal, described system voltage are added between described first, second voltage measurement terminal;
Described modulus conversion chip also comprises the 8th passage;
Described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with the 8th passage of described first, second voltage measurement terminal and described modulus conversion chip, system voltage is carried out being input to after rectification and the filtering the 8th passage of described modulus conversion chip.
The utility model can be gathered the data in the environment, and carries out overcurrent and earth leakage protective.Prioritization scheme of the present utility model is directly gathered alternating current and is judged, has shortened the signals collecting time, has strengthened the real-time of data acquisition and processing (DAP), and the overcurrent response time is short, the guard time when having shortened overcurrent.In addition, the utility model adopts the alternating current Direct Sampling, has compared with prior art also omitted the transmitter link, has also reduced rate of breakdown when having reduced device cost.During can avoiding measuring, another prioritization scheme of the present utility model needs to take in addition the problem that circuit could detect resistance; Its prioritization scheme can detect the multi-channel DC resistance measurement, with the detection of electrical leakage before powering.
Embodiment
For making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one, and a kind of unit switch controller as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
PLC, signal acquisition controller that links to each other with described PLC and leading leakage indicator respectively;
Described signal acquisition controller is used to gather three-phase alternating current and obtains current parameters, judge whether overcurrent of described three-phase alternating current according to this current parameters and default threshold value, export first switch controlling signal during overcurrent or send guard signal to described PLC;
Described leading leakage indicator is used to measure the resistance of leak resistance and sends to described PLC;
Whether described PLC is used to judge the resistance of described leak resistance less than a default resistance threshold, if less than would export the second switch control signal; And according to described guard signal output second switch control signal.
In the present embodiment, described signal acquisition controller specifically comprises as shown in Figure 2: input and output IO plate and CPU board;
Described IO plate is used to gather three-phase alternating current and obtains current parameters and send to CPU board, exports first switch controlling signal or sends guard signal to described PLC according to the guard signal that CPU board sends;
Described CPU board links to each other with described IO plate, is used to preserve described threshold value, whether judges described three-phase alternating current more than or equal to described threshold value according to the current parameters of described IO plate collection, is then to produce guard signal and send to described IO plate.
In the present embodiment, this current parameters is the instantaneous value of this three-phase alternating current, and this threshold value also is an alternating current instantaneous value.
An embodiment of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 2, described IO plate specifically can comprise alternating current quantity sampling chip and protection relay, wherein:
Described alternating current quantity sampling chip is used to gather three-phase alternating current, obtains described current parameters, and this current parameters is sent to described CPU board;
The coil of described protection relay links to each other with described CPU board, and its moving contact and fixed contact disconnect when receiving described guard signal.Described moving contact and fixed contact can be connected the control circuit two ends of system's master switch, and in this execution mode, a described switch controlling signal is meant that described moving contact changes disconnection with fixed contact into by being connected.Such as described system master switch is a contactor; its main contacts connects three-phase circuit respectively; its coil two ends link to each other with fixed contact with described moving contact respectively; when described moving contact and fixed contact disconnection; the main contacts of described contactor will disconnect owing to coil blackout; thereby the three-phase circuit of the system of cut-out is to realize protection.
Described protection relay can be an open type relay, and this moment, described guard signal was the coil power supply that stops to this protection relay; Described protection relay also can be a closed type relay, and this moment, described guard signal was the coil power supply that begins to this protection relay.
Need to prove, when described alternating current quantity sampling chip is gathered alternating current, do not convert alternating current to direct current, but directly obtain the alternating current parameter and send to CPU board to carry out the overcurrent judgement.
In this embodiment, described CPU board specifically can comprise memory, serial bus interface (SPI) and comparator as shown in Figure 2, wherein:
Described memory is used to preserve described threshold value;
Described SPI links to each other with alternating current quantity sampling chip on described comparator and the described IO plate, and the described current parameters that this alternating current quantity sampling chip is obtained sends to described comparator;
Described comparator links to each other with described memory and SPI, and whether more described current parameters is greater than or equal to this threshold value, is then to produce described guard signal and send to described IO plate.
Described CPU board can also comprise an input interface, and the described threshold value of reception user or PLC input also is kept in the described memory.
The another kind of execution mode and the above-mentioned execution mode of present embodiment are similar, and described IO plate also comprises a selector, comprises an input, at least two outputs and a control end; Described input links to each other with described comparator; first output links to each other with the coil of described relay; second output links to each other with described PLC; described control end is connected with described input one in first, second output according to the control signal that receives, and described guard signal is exported to described protection relay or described PLC that is:.
The control signal that the control end of described selector receives can be provided with by user's input or PLC.
Wherein, when protecting fast, enable first output of described selector; When protecting at a slow speed, enable second output of described selector, can described guard signal be sent to described PLC, implement circuit protection by described PLC by the backboard communication.
Wherein, described alternating current quantity sampling chip is provided with some ranges, adopts some ranges respectively three-phase alternating current to be measured, and obtains the different current parameters under some ranges.Improved certainty of measurement and enlarged measuring range, to avoid occurring measuring the dead band.Prior art is big or hour at electric current, and in the left and right sides of measuring range, precision is difficult to guarantee, and the left and right sides is contained and measured the dead band.
In the present embodiment, described leading leakage indicator specifically can comprise as shown in Figure 3:
Processor, A/D chip, several be used to generate measuring voltage voltage generation circuit, several are used to connect the leak resistance measurement port of leak resistance; Can further include the tension measuring circuit that several are used for acquisition system voltage;
Described processor connects described voltage generation circuit and tension measuring circuit by described A/D chip respectively, receives measuring voltage and system voltage after described A/D chip is changed; Calculate leak resistance and transmission according to measuring voltage.
Described A/D chip links to each other with described voltage generation circuit, described tension measuring circuit and described processor respectively, described measuring voltage and system voltage is converted to digital signal sends to described processor;
Described leak resistance measurement port links to each other with described voltage generation circuit is corresponding one by one;
When leak electricity in the outside, the leak resistance that is produced is carried out dividing potential drop to described measuring voltage; Described processor is determined the resistance of leak resistance and is sent to described PLC according to the reduction amplitude of measuring voltage.
Leading leakage indicator does not detect leak resistance RX before supply line also send electricity, and the leading leakage indicator in power supply back is not detect resistance to earth, a measuring system voltage.
Transmission line does not have electric leakage during normal condition, and as shown in Figure 4, wherein first K switch 1 disconnects, and the resistance to earth of circuit can be thought infinity, and this resistance to earth is exactly the measured leak resistance RX of leading leakage indicator.When leak resistance RX was infinitely great, described PLC judged that the transmission line at described RX place is normal, can power power supply lock K2, K3 and the K4 of closed this transmission line.Be equivalent to the K1 closure when electric leakage, leak resistance RX is measured by described leading leakage indicator; If the resistance of leak resistance RX less than a preset threshold value then processor is judged line fault, does not allow power supply, described PLC disconnects power supply lock K2, K3 and K4.
In the present embodiment, described voltage generation circuit is 7, and described leak resistance measurement port is 7, and described A/D chip comprises at least 8 passages, is respectively first to the 8th passage; During practical application, can adjust as required.All only drawn among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 voltage generation circuit that described first passage was connected and the leak resistance measurement port that this voltage generation circuit connected; First K switch 1 among Fig. 4, and power supply lock K2, K3 and K4 are switch and the power supply locks that belongs on the transmission line at the measured leak resistance RX place of first passage.
In the present embodiment, each described voltage generation circuit can specifically comprise respectively as shown in Figure 3:
Be used to export voltage reference source, operational amplifier and the bleeder circuit of stable reference voltage;
Described operational amplifier links to each other with the output and the bleeder circuit of described voltage reference source, and described reference voltage is enlarged into reference voltage, inputs to described bleeder circuit;
Described bleeder circuit links to each other with a passage of described operational amplifier and described A/D chip, obtains measuring voltage by described reference voltage dividing potential drop, inputs to the passage of continuous described A/D chip.
Described leak resistance measurement port links to each other with described bleeder circuit.
During practical application, do not get rid of yet and generate described measuring voltage with other circuit.
Bleeder circuit in each described voltage generation circuit connects first to the 7th passage of described A/D chip respectively, can measure seven tunnel leak resistances.
In the present embodiment, described voltage reference source can but be not limited to the voltage reference source of output 4.096V reference voltage; Described operational amplifier can but be not limited to the operational amplifier that the 4.096V reference voltage is enlarged into the 12.288V reference voltage; Described bleeder circuit can but be not limited to the bleeder circuit that obtains the 10V measuring voltage by 12.288V reference voltage dividing potential drop.
In the present embodiment, a described bleeder circuit comprises first resistance R 1 and second resistance R 2 that is connected on successively between described operational amplifier output terminal and the ground wire; The two ends of described second resistance R 2 are connected on the input of described A/D chip.During practical application, can realize with other bleeder circuit.
Described leak resistance measurement port comprises first splicing ear and second splicing ear that links to each other with described leak resistance two ends respectively, is connected respectively to the two ends of described second resistance R 2.
During measurement, described leak resistance RX is connected between described first splicing ear and second splicing ear, just with 2 parallel connections of described second resistance R after, be connected between described first resistance R 1 and the ground wire; The resistance of parallel resistance R will be littler than the resistance of described second resistance R 2 this moment, and its inverse is the inverse of the resistance of described second resistance R 2, add the inverse of the resistance of the above leak resistance RX, so measuring voltage can correspondingly reduce also.Described processor just can obtain the resistance of R according to the resistance of measuring voltage, reference voltage, first resistance R 1, second resistance R 2, and further obtains the resistance of described leak resistance RX.
The effect and the benefit that add first resistance R 1: when the leakage current to electric equipment is when requirement is arranged, the benefit of first resistance R 1 used herein is exactly that the leakage current of this leading leakage indicator when leak resistance RX two ends directly link to each other is<1mA, if there is not first resistance R 1, leak resistance RX is by short circuit, so because driving force that benchmark provides is bigger, this moment, the leakage current of leading leakage indicator can be bigger, so added first resistance R 1.
In the present embodiment, described tension measuring circuit can but be not limited to 1, comprising:
First, second voltage measurement terminal and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit;
Described system voltage is added between described first, second voltage measurement terminal; In the present embodiment, described system voltage is for exchanging 85~264V.
Described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit links to each other with the 8th passage of described first, second voltage measurement terminal and described A/D chip, system voltage is carried out being input to after rectification and the filtering the 8th passage of described A/D chip;
The 8th passage of described A/D chip links to each other with processor with described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, the system voltage behind the rectifying and wave-filtering is converted to digital signal sends to described processor.
During practical application, do not get rid of yet and measure described system voltage with other circuit.
In the present embodiment, described processor sends to described PLC together with all or part of measured resistance in described A/D chip first to the 7th passage; If the 8th passage records system voltage, then also send to described PLC.Described PLC judges respectively whether the resistance that each passage records surpasses described preset threshold value (preset threshold value at each passage can be identical or different), if the resistance that a certain passage records surpasses, then export the second switch control signal and disconnect the pairing circuit of leak resistance that this passage connects; In the present embodiment, described PLC output second switch control signal can be meant the dynamic and static contact of the internal relay that disconnection links to each other with the control circuit of corresponding system master switch.
In the present embodiment, described leading leakage indicator also comprises indicator light, internal electric source.
Whether described indicator light comprises power supply indicator, is connected between the 3.3V output and ground of internal electric source, be used to indicate leading leakage indicator normally to power on, and indicator light lights expression and normally powers on.
Described indicator light also comprises the mistake indicator light, and described processor is a cpu chip; Described wrong indicator light is connected between the ground of the IO pin of described cpu chip and described internal electric source, by described cpu chip control on and off, lights this lamp when cpu chip diagnoses leading leakage indicator to be in error condition.
The above; it only is the preferable embodiment of the utility model; but protection range of the present utility model is not limited thereto; any those skilled in the art are in the disclosed technical scope of the utility model; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within the protection range of the present utility model.Therefore, protection range of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.