CN201565954U - Plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom - Google Patents
Plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom Download PDFInfo
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- CN201565954U CN201565954U CN2009202182282U CN200920218228U CN201565954U CN 201565954 U CN201565954 U CN 201565954U CN 2009202182282 U CN2009202182282 U CN 2009202182282U CN 200920218228 U CN200920218228 U CN 200920218228U CN 201565954 U CN201565954 U CN 201565954U
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Abstract
A plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom comprises mechanical arms, a motor, an encoder and a machine base, wherein four mechanical arms of the robot are connected and mechanical arms and the machine frame are connected both through rotary pair modes, a plurality of joint structures of the robot are similar, joints adopt the motor and/or arresters, an encoder shaft of the mechanical arms is connected, a light shielding plate is fixedly connected with the first mechanical arm, an inner cover of a bearing is fixedly connected with the first mechanical arm, an outer cover of the bearing is fixedly connected with the second mechanical arm, a motor of the second joint is fixedly connected with a second central shaft, the motor base is fixedly connected with the outer cover of the bearing and is fixedly connected with the motor, the second joint is provided with the arresters and/or installation motors, and the motor base is fixedly connected with the outer cover of the bearing and is fixedly connected with the motor. A man-machine interactive interface of the robot can set relevant parameters of mechanical arm movements, and can monitor movement states of each joint simultaneously, the plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom can be used in researching on related field of underactuated robots and full actuated robots.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the robot field, particularly a kind of multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot.
Background technology
Along with development of modern science and technology, Design of Mechanical Product there has been serious challenge, at a high speed, high accuracy, high flexibility ratio, lightweight and low energy consumption etc. become the development trend of modern machinery and equipment, multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot has compact conformation, the location accurately, efficient height and flexibility ratio advantages of higher, has important Research Significance, its system generally adopts DC servo motor and high-accuracy harmonic speed reducer, the encoder at motor place has two kinds of increment type and absolute types, aspect PC control, be generally kinetic control system based on PC, abominable for site environment, disturb big occasion to adopt the PLC control system.Lack of driven robot is meant that certain or some joints of robot do not have drive unit, the minimizing that drives, made the weight saving of robot, cost has also reduced, also reduced simultaneously the consumption of the energy, when certain joint of robot drives under the situation that can't work and can't change, as space, deep-sea and nuclear industry environment, can use and owe to drive the task that control theory realizes expection, have important practical significance, owing to drive control theory in the application of the field of the bionical thing of apery can make its action more graceful, it is the special nonholonomic system of a class that drive system is owed on the while plane, belongs to the second order nonholonomic system, by obtaining result preferably to its particularity research, making has more deep and comprehensive understanding to nonlinear system, has theory significance.
Planar robot's research at present is mainly two degrees of freedom joint robot, Three Degree Of Freedom and more high-freedom degree research seldom relate to, the research of lack of driven robot simultaneously generally also concentrates on two-articulated robot, multivariant research seldom, experimental study particularly.
The utility model content
At above-mentioned existing present Research, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot, and the uniform machinery people replaces to brake by the motor with the joint, can carry out the research of lack of driven robot.
The utility model is to adopt following technological means to realize:
A kind of multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot comprises mechanical arm, motor, encoder and support, all is connected with the revolute pair form between four mechanical arms of robot and between mechanical arm and the frame, and several articulation structures of robot are similar; Motor and/or brake are adopted in described joint;
The top in described joint is provided with encoder and photoelectric eye, and the encoder base connects with limit switch; Connect at described mechanical arm and with encoder axle 25, the shadow shield 2 and first mechanical arm 1 are fixedly connected, and the internal bearing cover 18 and first mechanical arm 1 are fixedly connected, and are fixedly connected with central shaft 21 simultaneously, and encoder axle 25 is fixedly connected with internal bearing cover 18; The clutch shaft bearing enclosing cover 20 and second mechanical arm 6 are fixedly connected, and are fixedly connected with the first brake base 30; The rubber stop pad 28 and second mechanical arm 6 are fixedly connected, and the first brake base 30 and first brake 32 are fixedly connected, and the brake shaft 31 and first central shaft 21 are fixedly connected; Second motor shaft 37 and second central shaft 33 in the second joint 7 are fixedly connected; The 3rd joint 10 structures are identical with second joint 7; The 4th joint 12 middle (center) bearing enclosing covers 43 and first ring flange 42 are fixedly connected, and first ring flange 42 and second ring flange 13 are fixedly connected, and first farad of dish 13 is fixedly connected with frame 15;
Described first joint is installed first brake 32 and/or first motor 24 is installed, and motor base 22 is fixedly connected with clutch shaft bearing enclosing cover 20, and is fixedly connected with first motor 24; Second joint 7 is installed second brake 41 and/or second motor 38 is installed; Second motor base 36 and second bearing end cover 36 are fixedly connected, and are fixedly connected with second motor 38.
The drive unit in aforesaid joint adopts direct current brushless servo motor.
Aforesaid brake is the electromagnetic brake of dead electricity braking.
Aforesaid photoelectric eye comprises light emitting diode 4, and is connected with motion control card.
Aforesaid second mechanical arm 6 is fixedly connected with the rubber stop pad 28 of the restriction first mechanical arm extreme position.
The utility model compared with prior art has following remarkable advantages and beneficial effect:
The utility model robot, can carry out off-line programing and work out out human-computer interaction interface, the relevant parameter that the man-machine interaction basal plane can carry out manipulator motion is provided with, can monitor simultaneously the motion state in each joint, PC passes to motion control card with programmed instruction by experiment, motion control card can be controlled the motion of each DC servo motor respectively by the control servo-driver, encoder feeds back the positional information in joint in real time, three-dimensional tester feeds back the positional information of mechanical arm in real time by light emitting diode, when reaching the motion of expectation, motor movement stops.By light emitting diode 4, the Optotrak three-dimensional tester can detect the positional information of mechanical arm, and can feed back to motion control card.The kinematic error that compensation flexibility of joint and mechanical arm flexibility are brought.The utility model can be realized multivariant full driven machine people's association area research, also can carry out the association area research of lack of driven robot simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that the electric machine structure schematic diagram is installed in first joint;
Structural representation when Fig. 3 is the first joint brake
Structural representation when Fig. 4 is second joint installation motor;
Structural representation when Fig. 5 is second joint installation brake;
Structural representation when Fig. 6 is the 4th joint installation motor;---change into: the 4th articulation structure schematic diagram
Fig. 7 is; The schematic diagram that connects of encoder axle and internal bearing cover;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of brake;
Fig. 9 is the connection figure of kinetic control system;
Figure 10 is a 4R lack of driven robot structural representation;
Structural representation when Figure 11 is the motion of 3R lack of driven robot;
Structural representation when Figure 12 is the 2R robot motion;
Vertical view when Figure 13 is the 4R robot motion;
Figure 14 owes the driving condition control flow chart;
Figure 15 is full driving condition control flow chart;
Figure 16 is the internal bearing cover structural representation.
Among the figure: 1 is first mechanical arm, and 2 is shadow shield, and 3 is encoder, 4 is light emitting diode, and 5 is first joint, and 6 is second mechanical arm, 7 is second joint, and 8 is first collecting frame, and 9 is three-mechanical arm, 10 is the 3rd joint, and 11 is the 4th mechanical arm, and 12 is the 4th joint, 13 is second ring flange, 14 is second collecting frame, and 15 is frame, and 16 is data/address bus, 17 is the I/O interface bus, 18 is internal bearing cover, and 19 is bearing, and 20 is the clutch shaft bearing enclosing cover, 21 is first central shaft, 22 is motor base, and 23 is motor shaft, and 24 is first motor, 25 is the encoder axle, 26 is the encoder base, and 27 is limit switch, and 28 is the rubber stop pad, 29 is second trip bolt, 30 is the first brake base, and 31 is brake shaft, and 32 is first brake, 33 is second central shaft, 34 is second bearing end cover, and 35 is flat key, and 36 is second motor base, 37 is second motor shaft, 38 is second motor, and 39 is the second brake base, and 40 is second brake shaft, 41 is second brake, 42 is first ring flange, and 43 is the 3rd bearing end cover, and 44 is first trip bolt;
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment of the utility model is illustrated.
See also shown in Figure 1, the robot mechanical part mainly comprises the first arm 1, second arm 6, three-mechanical arm 9, the 4th mechanical arm 11, encoder, motor and support, all connect between each mechanical arm and between the 4th mechanical arm 11 and the support 15 with the revolute pair form, the drive unit in joint adopts direct current brushless servo motor, and this motor has good torque characteristics, high power and than the speed adjustable range of broad.Brake is the electromagnetic brake of dead electricity braking, and the motion controller of robot adopts the GT-400-SV series of servo motion controller of solid High Seience Technology Co., Ltd. development, and Fig. 9 connects figure for the typical case who adopts GT series controller to constitute kinetic control system.The experimental bench PC is connected with motion control card, and motion control card is connected with connecting plate, and connecting plate links to each other with motor driver, and motor driver is connected with motor, and encoder is connected with motor, and the positional information of motor can be fed back to motion control card in real time.The mechanism in four joints is similar, be that example describes with first joint 5 below: incremental encoder 3 is fixedly connected with encoder base 26, and be fixedly connected with light emitting diode 4, see also shown in Figure 2, encoder base 26 is fixedly connected with limit switch 27, and with encoder axle 25 between connect with loose fit, the shadow shield 2 and first mechanical arm 1 are fixedly connected, the internal bearing cover 18 and first mechanical arm 1 are fixedly connected, be fixedly connected with first central shaft 21 simultaneously, first trip bolt 44 by place, internal bearing cover hole is fixedly connected encoder axle 25 and internal bearing cover 18, bearing 19 belongs to tight fit with central shaft 21, the bearing end cover 20 and second mechanical arm 6 are fixedly connected, and be fixedly connected with the first brake base 30, the first brake base 30 and first brake 32 are fixedly connected, and by second trip bolt 29 brake shaft 31 and first central shaft 21 are fixedly connected.Second motor shaft 37 and second central shaft 33 are fixedly connected by flat key 35 in the second joint 7, and other structures are identical with first joint 5; The 3rd joint 10 structures are identical with second joint 7; See also shown in Figure 6ly, the 3rd bearing end cover 43 and first ring flange 42 are fixedly connected in the 4th joint 12, and first ring flange 42 and second ring flange 13 are fixedly connected, and other part-structures are identical with second joint 7.
There are two kinds of installation forms in first joint 5 with second joint 7, and first installs motor, and second installs brake, and corresponding structure has three kinds of forms;
1), see also shown in Figure 3ly, first brake 32 is installed in first joint 5, corresponding motor is installed in other joints, have one to owe drive joint in the art end joint of robot this moment.Can carry out the experimental study of 2 joints (2R) lack of driven robot, 3 joints (3R) lack of driven robot and 4 joints (4R) lack of driven robot this moment, comprise the position research of position research, operating space of joint space and track following research etc., wherein 3R lack of driven robot and 4R lack of driven robot belong to the lack of driven robot with redundancy;
2), see also shown in Figure 5ly, second joint 7 is installed second brake 42, motors are installed in other joints, have one to owe drive joint in the middle joint of robot this moment.The content of research is similar to first kind of situation, but owing to owe to drive the position difference in joint, so all be not quite similar from the control corresponding research that is established to of model;
3) see also Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, first joint 5 is installed first brake 32 and second brake 41 respectively with second joint 7, be two to owe to drive the joint this moment, can carry out the research of 3R lack of driven robot (have only one and drive the joint), also can carry out the research of 4R lack of driven robot (two joints owe to drive).
Figure 11 is 3R structural representation when owing actuation movement, wherein first joint and second joint are all installed brake, motor is installed in the 3rd joint, its control flow as shown in figure 14, at first by off-line programing and work out out human-computer interaction interface, carrying out the parameter setting by human-computer interaction interface also can monitor in real time to the motion state in joint, the PC of platform passes to motion control card (GT-SV-400) with motion control instruction by experiment, the servo-driver of motion control card control then, and then servo driver drives the 3rd joint motor motion, dynamics coupling by active joint and passive joint, and then make passive joint move, in the joint motions process, encoder feeds back to experiment PC in real time with the positional information in joint, simultaneously three-dimensional tester feeds back to experiment PC by light emitting diode with the positional information of mechanical arm, realizes that initiatively joint (installation motor) and passive joint (installation brake) reach the position of expectation.For containing 2R, 3R, a 4R lack of driven robot of owing to drive the joint, and contain two 4R lack of driven robot of owing to drive the joint, its control procedure is similar.
When the artificial full driving condition of machine, in the operating space, when only requiring art end points position, the 4R robot is up to two redundancies, robot has a redundancy at most when requiring terminal position money, and can carry out the trajectory planning in joint, the researchs such as trajectory planning of art end this moment, and some or two joints in the 4R robot are locked, be that relative position is constant, can carry out the experimental study of 3R robot or 2R robot.
Structural scheme of mechanism when Figure 12 is the 2R robot motion;
Vertical view when Figure 13 is the 4R robot motion; Control procedure is similar under the full driving condition, control flow chart as shown in figure 15, at first carry out off-line programing and work out out human-computer interaction interface, the relevant parameter that human-computer interaction interface can carry out manipulator motion is provided with, can monitor simultaneously the motion state in each joint, PC passes to motion control card (GT-SV-400) with programmed instruction by experiment, motion control card can be controlled the motion of each DC servo motor respectively by the control servo-driver, encoder feeds back the positional information in joint in real time, three-dimensional tester feeds back the positional information of mechanical arm in real time by light emitting diode, when reaching the motion of expectation, motor movement stops.
By light emitting diode 4, the Optotrak three-dimensional tester can detect the positional information of mechanical arm, and can feed back to motion control card.The kinematic error that compensation flexibility of joint and mechanical arm flexibility are brought.
Connect power supply, full driving condition, promptly all joints all have under the situation of motor, control flow as shown in figure 15, because what adopt is incremental encoder, at first carry out the joint and return zero, definition joint zero-bit is for just, negative spacing centre position, motor shaft 23 motions in first joint, first central shaft 21, internal bearing cover 18, the first mechanical arm encoder axle is motion together thereupon, when the shadow shield on first mechanical arm 2 moves to limit switch 27 on second mechanical arm 6, the stop motion of motor forward, counter-rotating then, shadow shield on first mechanical arm 1 moves to the limit switch on second mechanical arm, motor stop motion positive movement is then arrived in the middle of positive limit switch and the negative limit switch, zero process of returning in other joints is identical with first joint, interface input setup parameter by the off-line programing gained, by man-machine dialog interface the motion state of mechanical arm is monitored in real time simultaneously, motion control card can be controlled respectively 4 motors, four motors can move simultaneously and also can move respectively, by encoder feedback joint position information, the Optotrak three-dimensional tester feeds back the positional information in robot manipulation space in real time, can realize the position or the end orbit tracking tasks such as (as straight line and circles) of joint expection.
When first joint and second joint have a brake or two all to be brake, be lack of driven robot, because the under-actuated robot robot system belongs to the special nonholonomic system of a class, belong to the second order nonholonomic system, need owe to drive the motion in joint by the dynamics coupling control of active joint and passive joint, when robot will be finished preset task, at first carry out the joint and return zero, identical for active joint (joint that motor is arranged) reset mode with full driving, for with owe to drive the joint, with first joint is the example explanation, motion by active joint (joint installation motor), utilize the dynamics coupling of active joint and passive joint, when first manipulator motion can be run into rubber stop pad 28 simultaneously to positive limit switch 27 positions, the elastic reaction of rubber stop pad makes the first mechanical arm counter motion, utilize the initiatively motion in joint to make the mechanical arm of winning arrive negative limit switch, same first mechanical arm is positive movement again, when first manipulator motion just arrives, in the time of in the middle of the negative limit switch, the brake braking, control flow chart is as shown in figure 14: setup parameter, monitor the motion control state then in real time, encoder feeds back joint position information in real time, the Optotrak three-dimensional tester feeds back the positional information in robot manipulation space in real time, motor stop motion when finishing the expectation task.
Claims (6)
1. a multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot comprises mechanical arm, motor, encoder and support, it is characterized in that: all be connected with the revolute pair form between several mechanical arms of robot and between mechanical arm and the frame, several articulation structures of robot are similar; Motor and/or brake are adopted in described joint;
The top in described joint is provided with encoder and photoelectric eye, and the encoder base connects with limit switch; Connect at described mechanical arm and with encoder axle (25), shadow shield (2) is fixedly connected with first mechanical arm (1), internal bearing cover (18) is fixedly connected with first mechanical arm (1), is fixedly connected with first central shaft (21) simultaneously, and encoder axle (25) is fixedly connected with internal bearing cover (18); Clutch shaft bearing enclosing cover (20) is fixedly connected with second mechanical arm (6), and is fixedly connected with the first brake base (30); Rubber stop pad (28) is fixedly connected with second mechanical arm (6), and the first brake base (30) is fixedly connected with first brake (32), and brake shaft (31) is fixedly connected with first central shaft (21); Second motor shaft (37) in the second joint (7) is fixedly connected with second central shaft (33); The 3rd joint (10) structure is identical with second joint (7); The 3rd bearing end cover (43) is fixedly connected with first ring flange (42) in the 4th joint (12), and first ring flange (42) is fixedly connected with second ring flange (13), and first farad of dish (42) is fixedly connected with frame (15);
Described first joint is installed first brake (32) and/or first motor (24) is installed, and motor base (22) is fixedly connected with clutch shaft bearing enclosing cover (20), and is fixedly connected with first motor (24); Second joint (7) is installed second brake (42) and/or second motor (38) is installed; Second motor base (36) is fixedly connected with second bearing end cover (34), and is fixedly connected with second motor (38).
2. multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mechanical arm is four, and described joint is corresponding with mechanical arm.
3. multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the drive unit in described joint adopts direct current brushless servo motor.
4. multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described brake is the electromagnetic brake of dead electricity braking.
5. multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described photoelectric eye comprises light emitting diode (4), and is connected with motion control card.
6. multi-planar-degree-of-freedom robot according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described second mechanical arm (6) is fixedly connected with the rubber stop pad (28) of the restriction first mechanical arm extreme position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202182282U CN201565954U (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2009-10-16 | Plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202182282U CN201565954U (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2009-10-16 | Plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom |
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| CN201565954U true CN201565954U (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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| CN2009202182282U Expired - Fee Related CN201565954U (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2009-10-16 | Plane robot with multiple degrees of freedom |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102208150A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Six-degree-of-freedom force-feedback virtual surgical instrument |
| CN103029987A (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社安川电机 | Robot system |
| CN105081776A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-25 | 张余海 | Cantilever type drilling and taping dual-purpose machine |
| CN105299167A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 冯超 | Two-time slewing mechanism |
| CN106217405A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州元谋智能机器人系统有限公司 | A kind of robot modularized series connection joint that cooperates |
-
2009
- 2009-10-16 CN CN2009202182282U patent/CN201565954U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102208150A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Six-degree-of-freedom force-feedback virtual surgical instrument |
| CN102208150B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-03-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Six-degree-of-freedom force-feedback virtual surgical instrument |
| CN103029987A (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社安川电机 | Robot system |
| CN103029987B (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2015-04-22 | 株式会社安川电机 | Robot system |
| CN105081776A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-25 | 张余海 | Cantilever type drilling and taping dual-purpose machine |
| CN105081776B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2019-07-26 | 张余海 | A kind of cantilevered brill attacks dual-purpose machine |
| CN105299167A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 冯超 | Two-time slewing mechanism |
| CN106217405A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州元谋智能机器人系统有限公司 | A kind of robot modularized series connection joint that cooperates |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100901 Termination date: 20111016 |