CN201548746U - Holographic sighting device optical system - Google Patents
Holographic sighting device optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201548746U CN201548746U CN2009202189582U CN200920218958U CN201548746U CN 201548746 U CN201548746 U CN 201548746U CN 2009202189582 U CN2009202189582 U CN 2009202189582U CN 200920218958 U CN200920218958 U CN 200920218958U CN 201548746 U CN201548746 U CN 201548746U
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- holographic
- hologram
- matched element
- laser diode
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Abstract
A holographic sighting device optical system relates to a holographic optical system. The utility model provides a holographic sighting device optical system which is compact in structure and can accurately sight under any states. The optical system is provided with a laser diode, a concave lens, a holographic matching component and a hologram, wherein the concave lens is perpendicularly arranged in front of the laser diode, the holographic matching component is perpendicularly arranged on the back side of the concave lens, the laser diode, the concave lens and the holographic matching component are arranged on the same optical axis, the hologram is arranged on the upper part of the back side of the holographic matching component, and the hologram and the holographic matching component are arranged in parallel mutually, so as to keep the diffraction angle of the holographic matching component equal to the incidence angle of the hologram.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of holographic optical system, especially relates to a kind of compact matching type holographic aiming device optical system that is used for the hologram aiming apparatus.
Background technology
The hologram virtual image that the holographic aiming device utilization reappears aims at, have aiming fast, pointing accuracy is high and be not subjected to advantages such as weather and environmental influence.Holographic aiming device can be installed on the various firearms, because the alignment clamp than other type has more advantage in gunbattle closely, so holographic aiming device is subjected to the great attention of various countries military service in recent years.
In holographic aiming device, necessarily include a laser diode (LD) and a hologram.The laser radiation that LD sends is on hologram, and human eye sees through hologram can see that one is presented on holographic collimator graduation image at a distance, aims at the target that will shoot with this image.In the development to holographic aiming device, that pays close attention to most has 2 points: 1, alignment clamp is must volume little, in light weight; 2, being used to the hologram image that aims at must be clear, and in use its direction can not be with temperature change.
The alignment clamp that discloses among the Chinese patent ZL200420074252.0, because optical system is very simple, though can do small volume and less weight, but do not reach above-mentioned second requirement, its reason is: (1) is in the alignment clamp use, the temperature of LD raises and causes output wavelength to change, and causes the position change of hologram image; (2) LD emitted laser coherence is poor, make that the aberration of hologram is very big, thereby hologram image is unintelligible.Therefore improved direction is to add effective optical element between LD and hologram, overcomes the sharpness that the LD wavelength variations causes the problem of hologram image change in location and improves hologram.The optical system that discloses among U.S. Pat 6490060 and the US2006/0164704 has all adopted a grating, reaches control laser beam traffic direction, wavelength is carried out filtering and reduce holographic collimator graduation image changing multiple effects such as direction with wave length shift.In the optical system of 2 above-mentioned United States Patent (USP)s, the grating diffration rayed is on hologram, as the incident light of hologram.The angle of hologram incident light and optical wavelength have determined the position of hologram image.LD in use generates heat and makes optical maser wavelength become big, causes grating diffration optic angle degree to become big, thereby makes the incident angle of light of hologram also become big.For hologram, the angle that optical maser wavelength becomes ambassador's hologram image becomes big, yet the incident angle of light that increases but makes the angle changing inversely of hologram image, thereby has reduced the index angular misalignment value that optical maser wavelength changes the hologram image that causes.But because the relative hologram of grating has a pitch angle, wavelength variations causes the angle deviating of hologram image to certainly exist, and pointing accuracy is affected.In the holographic gun aiming light path system that in the Chinese patent of announcing recently 200810071050.3, discloses, adopted a holographic lens come to laser beam collimate, deviation and filtering, make system in the total system texture ratio U.S. Pat 6490060 simple and cost is low, and shorter than the system length of U.S. Pat 2006/0164704.As everyone knows, the light beam that shines on the hologram must reach the area that can cover whole or most of hologram, could more effectively make hologram produce bright hologram image, and eyes can be moved in a big way when aiming, conveniently aim at rapidly.Can reach enough big area when arriving hologram for the diverging light that laser diode is sent, the distance that light beam is passed by must have certain-length.Chinese patent 200810071050.3 has adopted a catoptron to make the operation of laser beam folding type, and with the length of minimizing optical system, but this folding type light path makes the height of total system increase.Because alignment clamp adopts the metal ectosome, increasing has highly also just increased weight; If will reduce the height of alignment clamp, holographic lens must tilt to place.Grating among holographic lens in the Chinese patent 200810071050.3 and U.S. Pat 6490060 and the US2006/0164704 has a same effect, can make exactly to be subjected to wave length shift to cause the change amount of hologram image position to reduce.Yet they all can't eliminate the change in location that hologram image produces with wave length shift fully, therefore can't accomplish accurate aiming.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of compact conformation, and can both reach the holographic aiming device optical system of accurate aiming under any state.
The utility model is provided with:
A laser diode (LD), laser diode are used for the red visible light wave of emission, and for system provides light source, laser diode emitted laser bundle is a diverging light, and the central ray of diverging light in the horizontal direction;
Concavees lens, concavees lens are used for the angle of divergence of the diverging light of laser diode emission is further enlarged, and make laser beam reach the beam area that needs in short operation distance, and concavees lens vertically are positioned over the place ahead of laser diode;
A holographic matched element, holographic optical elements (HOE) are used for and the hologram coupling, and holographic matched element also is used for filtering and collimation, and holographic matched element vertically is positioned over the rear of concavees lens, and laser diode, concavees lens and holographic matched element are on same optical axis;
A hologram, under laser radiation, can produce one and be presented on the hologram virtual image at a distance, be used for aiming, the rear that hologram places holographic matched element on the upper side, the placement that is parallel to each other of described hologram and holographic matched element is so that equate the angle of diffraction of holographic matched element and the incident angle of hologram.
Described holographic matched element preferably has identical spatial frequency with hologram.
Described holographic matched element is preferably the holographic matched element of transmission-type, and described hologram is preferably transmissive hologram.
The utlity model has following outstanding advantage:, therefore make laser beam reach enough big beam area at short range ability owing to adopt concavees lens that the angle of divergence of laser beam is enlarged rapidly in the horizontal direction; Owing to adopt a holographic matched element, therefore not only have to laser collimate, effects such as deviation, filtering, and the more important thing is with hologram and mate, guarantee that hologram image is taken aim in the use at rifle to remain in the horizontal direction.Because all there is reduced size in system horizontal and vertical, so effectively reduce the weight of alignment clamp.Because the hologram image that is used to aim at does not change direction with the laser diode wavelength variations, so pointing accuracy can guarantee.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the utility model embodiment is formed synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 departs from the situation synoptic diagram for the angle of diffraction β of the holographic matched element of the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Following examples will be further described the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model embodiment is provided with: 1, concave lens of a laser diode (LD) 2, a holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type and a transmissive hologram 4.
Laser diode 1 is used for the red visible light wave of emission, for system provides light source.Laser diode 1 emitted laser bundle is a diverging light, and the central ray of diverging light in the horizontal direction.
Concavees lens 2 are used for the angle of divergence of the diverging light of laser diode 1 emission is further enlarged, make laser beam in short operation distance, reach the beam area that needs, concavees lens 2 vertically are positioned over the place ahead of laser diode 1, the central ray of the central point of concavees lens 2 and laser diode 1 emission light beam is on same horizontal line, laser diode 1 emitted light beams is through behind the concavees lens 2, the angle of divergence is increased, and the area of light beam is increased in short distance a lot.
Transmission-type holographic optical elements (HOE) 3 is used for and transmissive hologram 4 couplings, the hologram image 6 that transmissive hologram 4 is produced remains in the horizontal direction, the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type also is used for filtering and collimation as wave filter, the unwanted wavelength that produces in the laser diode 1 is filtered, thereby reduce the aberration of hologram image 6, hologram image 6 has enough good sharpness when guaranteeing aiming, and can will be transformed into directional light by the diverging light of concavees lens 2, the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type vertically is positioned over the rear of concavees lens 2, the central point of the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type and the central lines of concavees lens 2, promptly laser diode 1, the holographic matched element 3 of concavees lens 2 and transmission-type is on same optical axis.Be radiated on the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type from the diverging light of concavees lens 2 outgoing, be inclined upwardly at an angle from the directional light of the holographic matched element 3 rear outgoing of transmission-type.
Under laser radiation, can produce one and be presented on hologram image (virtual image) 6 at a distance, be used for aiming, the rear that transmissive hologram 4 places the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type on the upper side, the directional light that penetrates from the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type is radiated on the transmissive hologram 4, and there is a holographic collimator graduation image distant place that human eye can be observed at the rear of transmissive hologram 4 in the horizontal direction.
Fig. 1 provides the structure of the utility model embodiment and forms synoptic diagram.In Fig. 1, mark 1 is a laser diode, the 2nd, and concavees lens, the 3rd, the holographic matched element of transmission-type, the 4th, transmissive hologram, the 5th, human eye, the 6th, hologram image.The holographic matched element 3 coaxial placements of laser diode 1, concavees lens 2 and transmission-type.Move forward from laser diode 1 emitted laser bundle along continuous straight runs, arrive the vertical concavees lens of placing 2.At concavees lens 2 rears, the laser beam along continuous straight runs that is exaggerated arrives the holographic matched element 3 of vertical transmission-type of placing.Be collimated into directional light behind the holographic matched element 3 of laser beam process transmission-type, upwards operation of β at an angle.Transmissive hologram 4 vertically is positioned over the back upper place of the holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type, and two elements is parallel to each other.Laser beam incides transmissive hologram 4 with angle beta.Transmissive hologram 4 diffraction light behind moves in the horizontal direction.Human eye is observed at the rear of transmissive hologram 4, can see the hologram image (virtual image) 6 that is presented on transmissive hologram 4 the place ahead horizontal directions.
Holographic matched element 3 of transmission-type and transmissive hologram 4 all are the hologram diffraction optical elements, and its basic method for making all has specific descriptions in numerous textbooks.
The matching problem of holographic matched element of transmission-type and transmissive hologram:
Because holographic matched element and hologram all are diffraction optical elements, their angle of diffraction can change with the variation of optical maser wavelength.Laser diode is temperature variation in use, can cause wave length shift, makes the angle of diffraction β of holographic matched element change.The β angle changes just makes the laser angle θ of directive hologram also change, and causes the direction (being the angle of diffraction of hologram) of hologram image to change, and departs from horizontal direction.This angle deviating situation as shown in Figure 2, wherein mark 3 is the holographic matched element of transmission-type, 4 is transmissive hologram, 6 is hologram image; α is the angle of light (light is in normal direction incident, so α=0) of the holographic matched element of transmission-type; β is the angle of diffraction of the holographic matched element of transmission-type, and Δ β is the angle variable quantity that the changes delta λ of light wavelength lambda causes; θ is the angle of light of transmissive hologram, and Δ θ is the incident angle variable quantity that the changes delta λ of light wavelength lambda causes; Δ φ is the hologram image angle variable quantity that the changes delta λ of light wavelength lambda causes.Change the problem that causes in order to solve optical maser wavelength, the holographic matched element of transmission-type must reach coupling fully with transmissive hologram, could eliminate the influence of optical wavelength variation to the hologram image direction.
The angle of diffraction of the holographic matched element of transmission-type is followed the optical grating diffraction law, can be calculated by grating formula:
d
1(sinα+sinβ)＝λ (1)
Wherein α and β are respectively the angle of incident light and diffraction light, and λ is an optical wavelength, d
1Be the grating cycle.Laser beam is injected from the normal direction of the holographic matched element of transmission-type in the system, and α=0 is arranged, so formula (1) can be rewritten as:
d
1sinβ＝λ (2)
Transmissive hologram is followed the optical grating diffraction law equally, therefore has:
d
2(sinθ+sinφ)＝λ (3)
Wherein θ and φ are respectively the angle of incident light and diffraction light, and λ is an optical wavelength, d
2Be the grating cycle.
When the optical maser wavelength amount of changing Δ λ, the diffraction light angle amount of the changing Δ β of the holographic matched element of transmission-type, formula (2) becomes:
d
1sin(β+Δβ)＝λ+Δλ (4)
Transmissive hologram incident angle of light and diffraction light angle also can change simultaneously, establish the change amount and are respectively Δ θ and Δ φ, and then formula (3) becomes:
d
2[sin(θ+Δθ)+sin(φ+Δφ)]＝λ+Δλ (5)
Make the transmissive hologram diffraction light not with wavelength variations, must make Δ φ=0; Because therefore hologram image must have φ=0 in the normal direction of transmissive hologram.So formula (5) can be rewritten as:
d
2sin(θ+Δθ)＝λ+Δλ (6)
Combination type (4) and (6) can will make hologram image remain on the condition of horizontal direction under the wave length shift situation:
d
1sin(β+Δβ)＝d
2sin(θ+Δθ) (7)
The right and left of comparison expression (7) equal sign can get condition:
d
1＝d
2(8)
sin(β+Δβ)＝sin(θ+Δθ)→β+Δβ＝θ+Δθ (9)
Formula (8) shows that the fringe period of holographic matched element of transmission-type and transmissive hologram must equate; Formula (9) shows how the angle of diffraction of the holographic matched element of transmission-type and the incident angle wavelength of transmissive hologram change all and should equate, this situation has only when 2 parallel placements of element and could realize.
The analysis showed that more than the holographic matched element of transmission-type has identical spatial frequency and parallel placement with transmissive hologram, just can eliminate the problem that wavelength variations causes the hologram image direction to change.
Claims (3)
1. holographic aiming device optical system is characterized in that being provided with:
A laser diode, laser diode are used for the red visible light wave of emission, and for system provides light source, laser diode emitted laser bundle is a diverging light, and the central ray of diverging light in the horizontal direction;
Concavees lens, concavees lens are used for the angle of divergence of the diverging light of laser diode emission is further enlarged, and make laser beam reach the beam area that needs in short operation distance, and concavees lens vertically are positioned over the place ahead of laser diode;
A holographic matched element, holographic optical elements (HOE) are used for and the hologram coupling, and holographic matched element also is used for filtering and collimation, and holographic matched element vertically is positioned over the rear of concavees lens, and laser diode, concavees lens and holographic matched element are on same optical axis;
A hologram, hologram are used for aiming, the rear that hologram places holographic matched element on the upper side, the placement that is parallel to each other of described hologram and holographic matched element.
2. a kind of holographic aiming device optical system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described holographic matched element is the holographic matched element of transmission-type.
3. a kind of holographic aiming device optical system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described hologram is a transmissive hologram.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202189582U CN201548746U (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Holographic sighting device optical system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202189582U CN201548746U (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Holographic sighting device optical system |
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| CN201548746U true CN201548746U (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2009202189582U Expired - Lifetime CN201548746U (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2009-12-10 | Holographic sighting device optical system |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102141678A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-08-03 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Holographic light path system |
| CN102213827A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-10-12 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Collimator light path system for collimating light beam by using holographic lens |
| CN102520512A (en) * | 2012-01-14 | 2012-06-27 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Holographic optical path |
| CN105953651A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州景浩科技有限公司 | Novel holographic electronic aiming device |
| CN111649623A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-11 | 周扬斌 | Holographic sighting telescope |
-
2009
- 2009-12-10 CN CN2009202189582U patent/CN201548746U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102141678A (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-08-03 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Holographic light path system |
| CN102213827A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-10-12 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Collimator light path system for collimating light beam by using holographic lens |
| CN102520512A (en) * | 2012-01-14 | 2012-06-27 | 西安华科光电有限公司 | Holographic optical path |
| CN105953651A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州景浩科技有限公司 | Novel holographic electronic aiming device |
| CN111649623A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-11 | 周扬斌 | Holographic sighting telescope |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20100811 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |