CN201518345U - Mini-size ultra wideband rotary type phase shifter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mini-size ultra wideband rotary type phase shifter, which comprises a metal shielding boxy ('shielding box' for short in the following), an upper layer and a lower layer of microstrip circuit boards which are arranged in the shielding box and coupled with each other, and a rotation shaft which penetrates through the shielding box and the upper and the lower layers of the microstrip circuit boards and can drive the upper layer of the microstrip circuit board to rotate, wherein the surfaces of the upper layer and the lower layer of the microstrip circuit boards are provided with microstrip lines, a layer of insulating medium is arranged between the upper layer and the lower layer of the microstrip circuit boards, and the upper layer and the lower layer of the microstrip circuit boards are tightly clung with each other. The microstrip lines of the upper layer of the microstrip circuit board are arranged similar to a double-U shaped ring, the tail ends of the ring-shaped microstrip lines on the lower layer of the microstrip circuit board are provided with an input port and two output ports. Through the compact structure, the goal of larger phase shifting quantity in a min-size structure is realized under the ultra wideband (1880MHz-2400MHz).

Description

Miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of miniature ultra wide band phase shifter in the mobile communication electrical tilt antenna.

Background technology

In the mobile communication system in order to realize the network coverage, telephone traffic, jamproof optimization, need its employed antenna for base station reasonably to adjust the beam position of elevation radiation patytern, make it point to the angle and do suitable inclination (abbreviation downwards bevel beam) up and down in the vertical plane direction.The mode that produces downwards bevel beam generally is divided into mechanical tilt and has a down dip two kinds with the electricity accent.

So-called mechanical tilt antenna promptly refers to use mechanical system to adjust the antenna for base station of tilt angled down.After antenna installs, answer the requirement of the network optimization perpendicular to the groundly, need the inclination angle of the position change antenna of adjustment antenna back side support to realize downwards bevel beam.Be in course of adjustment, though the coverage distance significant change of antenna main lobe direction, the amplitude of antenna vertical component and horizontal component is constant, so antenna pattern distorts easily.

Facts have proved: adopting the best tilt angled down of the antenna of mechanical tilt is 1 °～5 °; When tilt angled down when 5 °～10 ° change, its antenna pattern has distortion slightly but changes little; When tilt angled down when 10 °～15 ° change, its antenna pattern changes greatly; Behind 15 ° of antenna mechanical tilts, antenna pattern shape changes very big, pear deformation when never having a down dip is spindle, though at this moment the main lobe direction coverage distance obviously shortens, but the entire antenna directional diagram is not all in this base station section, in the adjacent base station sector, also can receive this signal of base station, disturb thereby cause in the serious system.

In addition, in regular maintenance, if adjust antenna mechanical tilt angle, whole system will be shut down, and can not monitor when adjusting antenna tilt; Adjust antenna mechanical tilt angle and bother very much, generally need the attendant to climb to the antenna place of laying and adjust; Antenna mechanical tilt angle is the theoretical value by the computer simulation analysis computed in software, with actual best tilt angled down certain deviation is arranged; The stepping number of degrees of antenna mechanical adjustment angle of declination are 1 °.

So-called electricity is transferred the antenna that has a down dip, and promptly instigates the electricity consumption submode to adjust the antenna for base station of tilt angled down.The principle of electrical tilt be by change each radiating element of conllinear array antenna phase place, change the amplitude size of vertical component and horizontal component, the synthetic component electric field strength of influence, thereby the elevation radiation patytern main lobe of antenna is had a down dip.Because the electric field strength of antenna all directions increases simultaneously and reduces, guarantee in the aft antenna directional diagram variation of change inclination angle not quite the main lobe direction coverage distance to be shortened, make whole directional diagram in serving sector, reduce area coverage and don't generation interference simultaneously again.Therefore, the device (phase shifter) of change radiating element phase place is exactly the critical component of electrical tilt antenna.

Facts have proved: the electric melody aerial lower inclination angle degree when 1 °～5 ° change, its antenna pattern and mechanical antenna roughly the same; When tilt angled down when 5 °～10 ° change, the more mechanical antenna of its antenna pattern improvement arranged slightly; When tilt angled down when 10 °～15 ° change, its antenna pattern is bigger than the variation of mechanical tilt antenna; When electrical tilt antenna has a down dip after 15 °, its antenna pattern is than the obvious difference of mechanical tilt antenna, at this moment antenna pattern shape changes not quite, and the main lobe direction coverage distance obviously shortens, and the entire antenna directional diagram is all in this base station section, increase tilt angled down, the sector area coverage is dwindled, but do not produce interference, such directional diagram is our needs, therefore adopt electrical tilt antenna can reduce call loss, reduce to disturb.

In addition, electrical tilt antenna allows system under non-stop-machine situation the elevation radiation patytern angle of declination to be adjusted, and realizes the effect that monitoring is in real time adjusted, and adjusts the stepping accuracy also higher (being 0.1 °) at inclination angle, therefore can realize meticulous adjustment to network.

In present stage, adopting more is the mode of mechanical adjustment Downtilt, but because the density of the network coverage is increasing, interference how to avoid the adjacent area has been the more and more crucial problem of networking, and adopt the method for mechanical adjustment Downtilt owing to cause the deformity of antenna pattern and adjacent area to be disturbed easily, adjust also inconvenience simultaneously, so its application is restricted.Adjustable electrical down-tilting antenna then can overcome above-mentioned defective, therefore obtains increasing extensive use.

Along with mobile communication system develop rapidly and universal, base station distribution is more and more intensive in the city, communications band is more and more, performance requirement for phase shifter in the antenna for base station design is more and more high, therefore need phase shifter to have bandwidth, standing-wave ratio is less, the S parameter changes in amplitude of output port is little in the phase shift process, cost is low, the characteristics that reliability height and complexity are low, in addition because a secondary electrical tilt antenna will assemble several phase shifters usually, bigger as the phase shifter volume and weight, therefore then can obviously increase the overall volume and the weight of antenna simultaneously, also the volume and weight of phase shifter proposed lightness, microminiaturized requirement.

Summary of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of miniature phase shifter of ultra broadband with big amount of phase shift for the base station electrical tilt antenna.The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter of the present utility model, its structure comprises shielding box, be arranged at the two-layer microstripline plate up and down that intercouples in the shielding box, and penetrate shielding box and two-layer up and down microstripline plate, and drive the rotating shaft of upper strata microstripline plate rotation; Described levels microstripline plate is covered with microstrip line, and closely sticks together; Microstrip line on the above-mentioned upper and lower microstripline plate is provided with in opposite directions; The microstrip line of described lower floor microstripline plate microstrip line and upper strata microstripline plate constitutes path by coupled modes;

As improvement, be provided with two output ports and input port that feed is used at the microstrip line of lower floor's microstripline plate.

As improvement, be provided with one deck insulating material between described upper strata microstripline plate and the lower floor's microstripline plate microstrip line.

As improvement, described rotating shaft is processed into by the hard material that does not have conduction property.

As improvement, described rotating shaft comprises columniform rotation section, and is arranged on the column fixed part with corner angle on the rotation section.

As improvement, the loam cake that described shielding box includes lower cover and matches with lower cover, the shielding box side has the hole identical with feedback number of spots on the microstripline plate microstrip line connects phase shifter as feeder line import and export.

As improvement, be provided with a circle step in the middle of the edge that described lower cover is erect, described lower floor microstripline plate is protruded step part and is held up.

As improvement, the rotatable maximum angle of described rotating shaft is ± 45 °.

As improvement, microstrip line on the upper strata microstripline plate in the shielding box is two u shape ring-types of symmetry, Yi Bian wherein be four concentric road annular strip lines, ecto-entad first road is connected with the second road afterbody, second road is not connected with the 3rd road, and the 3rd road is connected with the 4th road afterbody; Another side and its symmetrical distribution.

As improvement, the lower floor's microstrip line in the shielding box is symmetrically distributed in the form of a ring, Yi Bian wherein be four concentric road annular strip lines, ecto-entad first road is not connected with second road, and second road is connected with the 3rd road stem, and the 3rd road is not connected with the 4th road; Another side and its symmetrical distribution, centre have tap partly to connect the metal band-shaped line in the 4th road on symmetrical both sides.

Miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter of the present utility model, by the coupling length that changes coupled microstrip line obtain different range amount of phase shift, and form required corresponding aerial radiation downwards bevel beam angle with this.It is 1880～1920MHz, 2010～2025MHz and three frequency ranges of 2300～2400MHz that TD-SCDMA requires the operating frequency of antenna, abbreviate A, B, C frequency range respectively as, this phase shifter full-size is less than 53mm, highly be 10.5mm, operating frequency is 1880～2400MHz, comprise A, B, these three frequency ranges of C of TD antenna, realized the ultra broadband and the microminiaturization of phase shifter.This utility model has succeeded in doing operate as normal in 1880～2400MHz frequency range (standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5), realized the ultra broadband of phase shifter, comprising three frequency ranges of A+B+C of TD antenna, this phase shifter Breadth Maximum is less than 53mm, highly only be 10.5mm, this is a much progress of phase shifter miniaturization technologies.

Description of drawings

In order to be easy to explanation, the utility model is done to describe in detail by following preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the utility model miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of upper strata shown in Figure 1 microstripline plate microstrip line;

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of lower floor shown in Figure 1 microstripline plate microstrip line;

Fig. 4 is upper strata shown in Figure 1 microstripline plate ring-type microstrip line and the lower floor's microstripline plate microstrip line initial position schematic diagram in when coupling that mediates;

Fig. 5 be upper strata shown in Figure 1 microstripline plate ring-type microstrip line when rotating to the right side extreme position with lower floor's microstripline plate microstrip line coupling the time schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 be upper strata shown in Figure 1 microstripline plate ring-type microstrip line rotate to the left side when being coupled with lower floor microstripline plate microstrip line during extreme position schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that lower floor's microstripline backboard face is used to regulate the metal coupling piece of standing-wave ratio in the utility model miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the utility model miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter shaft.

Embodiment

See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 8, miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter of the present utility model, its structure comprises shielding box, is arranged at the two-layer microstripline plate up and down that intercouples in the shielding box, and penetrate shielding box and two-layer microstripline plate up and down, and drive the rotating shaft of upper strata microstripline plate rotation; Described two-layer microstripline plate surface up and down is provided with microstrip line, is provided with one deck dielectric between the microstripline plate, and two-layer up and down microstripline plate closely sticks together; The ring-type microstrip line end of described lower floor microstripline plate is provided with an input port and two output ports; The microstrip line 10 of described upper and lower layer microstripline plate 1,2 adopts the layout of likeness in form dual U-shaped ring, can prolong the length of microstrip line like this, the line length that doubles than single U-shaped layout or other layouts, thereby increased amount of phase shift, but shared microstripline plate area has just increased a part seldom.That is to say that such layout makes structure compact more, has dwindled the area of microstripline plate, also just can reduce the volume of phase shifter, thereby realize the microminiaturization of phase shifter.In the present embodiment, be provided with one deck dielectric between the two-layer up and down microstripline plate.Microstrip line 10 on the described lower floor microstripline plate 2 and the microstrip line 10 on the upper strata microstripline plate 1 are provided with and are insulated the medium insulation in opposite directions isolates, constitute path by capacity coupled mode, the microstrip line 10 on the described upper and lower layer microstripline plate 1,2 carries out phase shift by intercoupling; Described upper and lower microstripline plate 1,2 designed microstrip line 10 major parts all are 50 ohm microstrip, but exception is arranged also, the tap part 6 that lower floor's microstripline plate 2 port ones are connect designs for the impedance matching of regulating port, so its characteristic impedance is not 50 ohm, we can regulate the standing-wave ratio of port by regulating its width, but because of its adjustable extent limited, in order to reach desirable regulating effect, we are at the lower surface of lower floor's microstripline plate 2, added a metal coupling piece in addition, also can regulate standing-wave ratio by regulating its size.The microstrip line 10 of described lower floor microstripline plate 2 is provided with an input port 12 and 11,13, two output ports 11,13 of two output ports are respectively applied for the oscillator that connects antenna, and input port 12 is a distributing point.

Wherein, described lower floor microstripline plate 2 is fixed, and what the centre was provided with is circular hole, can not drive 2 rotations of lower floor's microstripline plate during rotating shaft 3 rotations, upper strata microstripline plate 1 is a square hole, and the square fixed part in the rotating shaft 3 inserts the square hole internal fixation, can drive 1 rotation of upper strata microstripline plate.Have the microstrip line 10 that is similar to the dual U-shaped ring on the microstripline plate up and down in addition, two microstrip lines 10 are provided with in opposite directions up and down.During rotating shaft 3 rotations, relative displacement takes place in microstrip line 10 in opposite directions, and the length that is coupled between two microstrip line can change, when rotating to the limit (no matter be left or to right rotation), the length maximum, the amount of shifting to maximum, the antenna beam angle of declination of formation is also maximum.

That described rotating shaft 3 lowermost ends can be designed to is square, gear shape and other are easily in the shape that is connected with other external device (ED)s, stretches out from the shielding box lower bottom cover, is convenient to drive the rotating shaft rotation by other devices.The part that rotating shaft 3 is goed deep in the shielding box is a circular up and down middle square structure, is made by hard non-metallic material, generally uses hard plastic rod from cost consideration.Described rotating shaft 3 comprises columniform rotation section 30, and is arranged on the circular sliding part 32 that the shielding box loam cake is goed deep on the fixed part that is square 31 on the rotation section 30 and top.The rotation section 30 of lower part is cylindrical, rotate when being phase shift for convenience, the fixed part 31 on top for square then be for fixing upper strata microstripline plate 1 when rotating shaft 3 rotations, make it follow rotating shaft 3 to rotate together, the realization phase shift function.The loam cake 5 that described shielding box includes lower cover 4 and matches with lower cover 4, described lower cover 4 is provided with step 40, and described lower floor microstripline plate 2 is arranged on the step 40.The widest part of step 40 is slightly narrower than microstripline plate the widest part (if microstripline plate employing circle is exactly the diameter contrast), so that hold up lower floor's microstripline plate 2.Be stamped penetrating circular hole under the shielding box, on covered a little shrinkage pool of circle, rotating shaft 3 topmost also is circular, insert in the little shrinkage pool of this circle (extremely similar old-fashioned hingen structure), lower cover 4 is passed in rotating shaft 3 like this, and two-layer microstripline plate is passed in the centre, and insert in the circular little shrinkage pool on top, more firm during rotation, can not be offset and rock.

Wherein, microstrip line on the upper strata microstripline plate in the described shielding box is two u shape ring-types of symmetry, Yi Bian wherein be four concentric road annular strip lines, ecto-entad first road is connected with the second road afterbody, second road is not connected with the 3rd road, and the 3rd road is connected with the 4th road afterbody; Another side and its symmetrical distribution.Lower floor's microstrip line in the described shielding box is symmetrically distributed in the form of a ring, Yi Bian wherein be four concentric road annular strip lines, ecto-entad first road is not connected with second road, and second road is connected with the 3rd road stem, and the 3rd road is not connected with the 4th road; Another side and its symmetrical distribution, centre have tap partly to connect the metal band-shaped line in the 4th road on symmetrical both sides.

The method of work of miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter of the present utility model: be arranged in the feeding network of whole base station electrical tilt antenna during this phase shifter work, when rotating shaft was subjected to extraneous torsion bottom, rotating shaft can be that rotating shaft is rotated with the axle center.When rotating shaft was rotated, the metallic shield box had played the effect that rotating shaft supports; And the little band plate of lower floor is because round hole and just being passed by the circular portion of rotating shaft, so not rotation thereupon; Square fixed part on the rotating shaft, just the square opening with the little band plate in upper strata is complementary, and does the time spent when rotating shaft being subjected to external force, and the little band plate in upper strata also is the rotating shaft rotation with the axle center thereupon.Like this, in the rotating shaft rotating process, one deck microstripline plate is fixed, the rotation of one deck microstripline plate, thereby relative displacement will take place in the part that the microstrip line on the annular microstrip line of the double-H groove weld on the microstripline plate of upper strata and the lower floor's microstripline plate is coupled, change the length of whole passband circuit, and then changed the phase place time-delay of output port.

The double-H groove weld annular microstripline that adopts two kinds of symmetries to place, can guarantee in the process of rotating shaft rotation, article one, the length of passband circuit is elongated, the length of an other passband circuit is then shortening, therefore the phase difference of two output ports is apart from just becoming bigger, promptly the phase difference of two output ports is bigger, and the amount of phase shift of phase shifter is bigger.

Phase shifter can be realized the continuous variation of amount of phase shift in the process of rotating shaft rotation.But it has three kinds of comparatively special positions should be noted that: (1) upper strata double-H groove weld annular microstrip line is positioned at lower floor's microstripline plate centre position (see figure 4), at this moment whole system distributes symmetrically, the circuit length of input port to two output port is identical, thereby the phase difference of two output ports is 0; (2) upper strata double-H groove weld annular microstrip line rotates to output port 11 1 sides (left side extreme position, see Fig. 5), at this moment 11 circuit length is the longest from input port 12 to output port, and input port 12 is the shortest to the circuit length to another output port 13, and therefore the phase difference between two output ports is positive maximum; (3) upper strata double-H groove weld annular microstrip line rotates to output port opposite side (right side extreme position, see Fig. 6), at this moment 11 circuit is the shortest from input port 12 to output port, and the longest to the circuit of another output port 13, thereby the phase difference between two output ports is negative maximum.

In actual application, can be initial state with above-mentioned state (2) by the wave beam forming of feeding network, phase shifter in feeding network, when its rotating shaft is subjected to extraneous torsion, can changes to state (1) from state (2), and further change to state (3).In whole rotary course, the phase place of left side output port 11 changes continuously, become minimum from the phase place maximum, and the phase place of another output port 13 becomes maximum from minimum relatively.Therefore, the phase place of each output port is continuous variable in the process of rotating shaft rotation, and forms bigger amount of phase shift.

The operation principle of above-mentioned miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter, its phase shift mainly are that phase shifter is regulated the poor of line length, and the line length difference is big more, and corresponding phase difference is also just big more.When upper strata microstripline plate 1 was in the position, middle of lower floor's microstripline plate 2, the line length of 12 to two output ports 11,13 of input port equated that promptly the phase difference of inlet side mouth to two output port is identical; When driving upper strata microstripline plate, rotating shaft 3 rotates to a side pole extreme position, the difference maximum of the line length of 12 to two output ports 11,13 of input port, and the difference of phase place also reaches maximum.The utility model has successfully been accomplished the operate as normal (standing-wave ratio is less than 1.5) in 1880～2400MHz frequency range, has realized the ultra broadband of phase shifter, and comprising three frequency ranges of A+B+C of TD antenna, this is difficult in the prior art.The more important thing is that work in so wide frequency band, the diameter of phase shifter but has only 53mm, this is a much progress of miniaturization technology.

The foregoing description; it is an example of the present utility model; be not to be used for limiting enforcement of the present utility model and interest field; all equivalences of being done according to the described process for making of the utility model patent protection scope change and modify, and all should be included in the utility model claim.

Claims (10)

1. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter, it is characterized in that: its structure comprises shielding box, be arranged at the two-layer microstripline plate up and down that intercouples in the shielding box, and penetrate shielding box and two-layer up and down microstripline plate, and drive the rotating shaft of upper strata microstripline plate rotation; Described levels microstripline plate is covered with microstrip line, and closely sticks together; Microstrip line on the above-mentioned upper and lower microstripline plate is provided with in opposite directions; Microstrip line on the described levels microstripline plate adopts the likeness in form dual U-shaped office that is periphery, and the microstrip line of described lower floor microstripline plate microstrip line and upper strata microstripline plate sees through coupled modes and constitutes path;

2. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with two output ports and input port that feed is used at the microstrip line of lower floor's microstripline plate.

3. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with one deck insulating material between described upper strata microstripline plate and the lower floor's microstripline plate microstrip line.

4. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rotating shaft is processed into by the hard material that does not have conduction property.

5. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rotating shaft comprises columniform rotation section, and is arranged on the column fixed part with corner angle on the rotation section.

6. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the loam cake that described shielding box includes lower cover and matches with lower cover, shielding box side have the hole identical with feedback number of spots on the microstripline plate microstrip line connects phase shifter as feeder line import and export.

7. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 6 is characterized in that: be provided with a circle step in the middle of the edge that described lower cover is erect, described lower floor microstripline plate is protruded step part and is held up.

8. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rotatable maximum angle of described rotating shaft is ± 45 °.

9. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the microstrip line on the upper strata microstripline plate in the shielding box is two u shape ring-types of symmetry, be four concentric road annular strip lines on one side wherein, ecto-entad first road is connected with the second road afterbody, and the 3rd road is connected with the 4th road afterbody; Another side and its symmetrical distribution.

10. miniature ultra wide band rotary phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower floor's microstrip line in the shielding box is symmetrically distributed in the form of a ring, be four concentric road annular strip lines on one side wherein, ecto-entad first road is not connected with second road, second road is connected with the 3rd road stem, and the 3rd road is not connected with the 4th road; Another side and its symmetrical distribution, centre have tap partly to connect the metal band-shaped line in the 4th road on symmetrical both sides.

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