Have the snail tongue of biomimetic features and use the spiral case of this snail tongue
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of spiral case that has the snail tongue of biomimetic features and use this snail tongue.
Background technique
Centrifugal blower when rotated, because the existence of snail tongue, the intermarginal gap of snail tongue and exit edge of blade is much smaller than other places of spiral case, the blade path of rotation skims over the snail tongue, periodic pressure and velocity fluctuation will appear in snail tongue place air, produce higher rotational noise, its frequency is blade passing frequency f=Zn/60 (Hz).High rotational noise forms unpleasant to hear whistler usually, and befouling environment requires products such as low equipment of noise such as air-conditioning for those, can worsen tonequality.
Moreover, rotational noise shows its snail tongue place exit flow field air turbulence usually for centrifugal blower, cause recirculation zone to enlarge, by being obviously, disorderly flow field increases radially periodically pulsing power of impeller when low discharge, cause impeller to radially wobble increase, form vicious circle; This radial vibration meeting reaches the fan motor axle, makes motor front end bearing end-play and electric machine rotor gap change, and causes electric machine rotor magnetic field that disturbance takes place, and produces 2,4 times of power supply frequency electromagnetic noises and slot ripples noise.
Prior art for the method that reduces the discrete rotational noise of centrifugal blower is: 1, increase snail tongue room t; 2, increase snail tongue tongue radius r; 3, adopt inclination snail tongue; 4, adopt equidistant blade or oblique blade centrifugation blade; 5, adopt perforated plate snail tongue silencing apparatus etc., patent documentation CN1270281 discloses " noise-reducing volute with stepped spiral tougue ", has reduced noise to a certain extent; CN201277205Y discloses a kind of " noise reduction centrifugal blower ", adopts the double-deck spiral case of micropunch and sound absorption spiral case; CN101509506A discloses a kind of " bionic coupling noise elimination noise reduction spiral tougue ", more than three kinds of structures all design complexity, manufacture difficulty is big, does not also consider the snail tongue design of blower fan rotational noise and noise of motor simultaneously, noise reduction is not satisfactory.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the defective of prior art, and a kind of spiral case that has the snail tongue of biomimetic features and use this snail tongue is provided, and is of the present utility model simple in structure, excellent noise reduction effect.
Its technological scheme is as follows:
A kind of snail tongue with biomimetic features, the outer contour of snail tongue link to each other with molded lines and expansion chamber inwall in the spiral case respectively; Be provided with many air guide channels at tongue, molded lines joins in an end of air guide channel and the spiral case, and the other end and expansion chamber inwall join.
Adopt the structure of the spiral case of aforementioned snail tongue to be:
A kind of spiral case, the outer contour of its snail tongue link to each other with molded lines and expansion chamber inwall in the spiral case respectively; Be provided with many air guide channels on the snail tongue, molded lines joins in an end of air guide channel and the spiral case, and the other end and expansion chamber inwall join.
Experiment shows, the dark h of snail glossal canal main with wind speed, that impeller blade passes through frequency is related, measure the pressure pulsation situation and the wind speed of the different axial positions in snail tongue place through adopting micro pressure sensor and recording anemometer, it is also inhomogeneous to show that it distributes vertically, show the intermediate portion greatly for big, the pressure pulsation frequency is identical with blade passing frequency, and pulsating waveform is a flexuose, and wind speed is slightly less than the blade radial discharge velocity.Therefore, the utility model is provided with air guide channel at the snail tongue, and the stream that goes out of wind is carried out water conservancy diversion, adjacent two blades of impeller is gone out the stream pulsation offset by the time difference of arriving at snail tongue surface, the air-flow regenerated noise that makes air communication cross the air guide channel generation drops to minimum, reduces rotational noise by phase cancellation.Through optimum experimental, effectively reduced the pulsation of wind through snail tongue place, reduce the rotational noise of blower fan.
The technological scheme of the further refinement of aforementioned techniques scheme can be:
Described air guide channel comprises groove top and bottom land, the groove top of described air guide channel and the track of bottom land include straightway and fillet, described straightway and fillet are tangent, described groove head track mark straightway and bottom land track straightway all join with the expansion chamber inwall, and described groove head track mark fillet and bottom land track fillet all join with the interior molded lines of spiral case.
The maximum depth h of described air guide channel is no more than (λ/4+ Δ) millimeter, and wherein λ is that snail tongue impulsive force wave-wave is long, and the Δ value is 0.5 to 1.0.
The top arc diameter R1 of the section of described top air guide channel, the span of bottom arc diameter R2 are 0.20 λ to 0.50 λ.
The span of the air guide channel width L of described top air guide channel is 0.70 λ to 0.80 λ.
Described air guide channel comprises top circular arc and bottom circular arc, has the middle straight line segment between described top circular arc and bottom circular arc, and described middle straight line segment is tangent with top circular arc and bottom circular arc respectively.
The described air guide channel that is positioned at described snail tongue end is the top air guide channel, the degree of depth maximum of top air guide channel; The top air guide channel is to described expansion chamber inwall direction, and its degree of depth diminishes gradually, and its end is connected with described expansion chamber inwall is slick and sly; The top air guide channel is the molded lines direction in described spiral case, and its degree of depth diminishes gradually, and its end is connected with type slyness in the described spiral case.
The groove head track mark of described air guide channel is the track of former snail tongue, and the point of contact of former snail tongue fillet and expansion chamber inwall is the first air guide channel end to expansion chamber inwall direction 3 λ to 4 λ places, and the point of contact in former snail tongue fillet and the spiral case between the molded lines is the second guiding groove end; Move the distance of 0.12 λ to 0.13 λ to worm gear center of circle direction from the snail tongue fillet center of circle, the distance that the molded lines direction moves inward 0.12 λ to 0.13 λ in spiral case is the bottom land locus circle center of circle again, be the center of circle and cross the second guiding groove end and make round-formed bottom land fillet with the bottom land locus circle center of circle, make tangent line from the first air guide channel end to the bottom land fillet and form tangent section, bottom land fillet and this tangent section are the bottom land track.
In sum, the utility model has the advantages that: the bionical snail tongue structure that this courage is designed, not only realized leaf road air is gone out the effect that stream carries out water conservancy diversion, and changed the comparatively high static pressure of homogeneous of snail tongue surface, the time that makes blade path arrive the snail tongue staggers, by imitative hawk contouring head, the air-flow regenerated noise that makes air communication cross the air guide channel generation drops to very little.The pulsing airflow that a last blade path produces forms air cushion on bionical snail tongue surface, slows down the pulse Reeb that next blade path produces, and reaches to weaken the effect that pulsing airflow impacts, and that has also improved the impeller blade passage thus goes out the stream condition, and it is more smooth and easy to use stream; Stagger the air-flow reaction Reeb arrival blade time by a plurality of bionical air guide channels simultaneously, reduced of the effect of air-flow recoil force to impeller blade, make air-flow reaction Reeb avoid the former rank of blade mode of vibration, reduce blade vibration, thereby alleviate radially wobbling of impeller generation, reduction radially wobbles the motor frequency multiplication power supply electromagnetic noise that causes greatly because of impeller.Another main feature of the utility model is that denoising structure can directly process on original snail tongue, and former spiral case mould is only needed simple the change, does not change original snail tongue and impeller clearance, and design and manufacturing are simple, do not need to increase any structure spare, and be with low cost.
The bionical snail tongue structure of application technology scheme, original bigger snail tongue radius and snail tongue and impeller clearance can also be changed little, obtaining higher fan delivery, raising fan performance, and do not produce rotational noise, the noise total value is constant substantially.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is among the utility model embodiment, the axial view of centrifugal blower;
Fig. 2 is among Fig. 1, the partial enlarged drawing in snail tongue cross section;
Fig. 3 is among Fig. 1, the stereogram of spiral case;
Fig. 4 is among Fig. 3, the plan view of snail tongue;
Fig. 5 is among Fig. 4, the local amplification view of air guide channel;
Description of reference numerals:
1, fan blade, 2, spiral case, 3, the snail tongue, 4, air guide channel, 5, molded lines in the spiral case, 6, the expansion chamber inwall, 7, the top air guide channel, 8, the first air guide channel end, 9, the second air guide channel end, 10, the former snail tongue fillet center of circle, 11, the bottom land locus circle center of circle, 12, bottom land track fillet, 13, the point of contact, 14, bottom land track straightway, 15, bottom land point of contact, R1, top arc diameter, R2, bottom arc diameter, L, top air guide channel width, T, circular arc width, S, adjacent air guide channel spacing.
Embodiment
To shown in Figure 5, a kind of centrifugal blower comprises spiral case 2 and is located at fan blade 1 in the spiral case 2 as Fig. 1, and the outer contour of snail tongue 3 links to each other with molded lines 5 and expansion chamber inwall 6 in the spiral case respectively on the spiral case 2; Be provided with many air guide channels 4 at snail tongue 3, molded lines 5 joins in an end of air guide channel 4 and the spiral case, and the other end and expansion chamber inwall 6 join.
Wherein, the air guide channel 4 that is positioned at snail tongue 3 bumps is a top air guide channel 7, the degree of depth maximum of top air guide channel 7; Top air guide channel 7 is to expansion chamber inwall 6 directions, and its degree of depth diminishes gradually, and its end and 6 slick and sly connections of expansion chamber inwall; Top air guide channel 7 is molded lines 5 directions in spiral case, and its degree of depth diminishes gradually, and its end is connected with type slyness in the spiral case.The maximum depth h=of described top air guide channel 7 (λ/4+ Δ) millimeter, the Δ value is 0.5 to 1.0; The section on the bottom land of top air guide channel 7 and groove top all is circular-arc, and the top arc diameter R1 of the section of top air guide channel 7, the span of bottom arc diameter R2 are 0.20 λ to 0.50 λ; In the described top air guide channel 7, the span of air guide channel width L is 0.70 λ to 0.80 λ; The groove head track mark of described air guide channel is the track (the former snail tongue fillet center of circle is illustrated as label 10) of former snail tongue, the point of contact 13 of former snail tongue fillet and expansion chamber inwall 6 is the first air guide channel end 8 to expansion chamber inwall 6 directions 3 λ to 4 λ places, and the point of contact in former snail tongue fillet and the spiral case between the molded lines 5 is the second guiding groove end 9; Wherein λ is that snail tongue impulsive force wave-wave is long, gets λ=60*V/ (n*z), and wherein V is the maximum wind speed at snail tongue place, and n is the rotating speed of blower fan per minute kind, and z is the number of blade of blower fan.
It is bionical object that present embodiment is chosen hawk, observe the hydrodynamics characteristic of its wing primaries and head uniqueness, simulate the state that it circles in the air at a high speed aloft with certain high velocity air, body characteristics experiment Analysis to this moment, and it is applied in the noise reduction process of centrifugal blower snail tongue rotational noise, a kind of bionical noise elimination waveform air guide channel shape snail tongue structure is proposed, bionical waveform air guide channel shape snail tongue is offered bionical groove on original snail tongue basis, do not change the gap of original snail tongue and impeller, under the prerequisite that does not influence air quantity, satisfy the rotational noise noise reduction requirement of wide flow rates, the air-flow regenerated noise is little.
1, snail ligulate attitude: the primaries of hawk present superimposed triangular groove shape mutually at the state of circling in the air not, experiment shows, when state is circled in the air in simulation, its primaries triangular groove bottom becomes circular arc, thus the imitative hawk primaries of present embodiment channel bottom when circling in the air form adopt arc structure; Its head is when high-speed flight, and deposited plumage is close to skin, and head edge presents big fillet arc, the gradient and the handing-over of wing leading edge at an angle of cheek edge, observation shows that most of birds angle herein are near the golden section point at right angle, so the imitative birds head form of present embodiment tooth portion;
2, snail tongue air guide channel size:
2.1, the experiment show, the dark h of snail glossal canal main with wind speed, that impeller blade passes through frequency is related, measure the pressure pulsation situation and the wind speed of the different axial positions in snail tongue place through adopting micro pressure sensor and recording anemometer, it is also inhomogeneous to show that it distributes vertically, show the intermediate portion greatly for big, the pressure pulsation frequency is identical with blade passing frequency, and pulsating waveform is a flexuose, and wind speed is slightly less than the blade radial discharge velocity.Therefore, the present embodiment employing goes out the stream pulsation with adjacent two blades of impeller offset by the time difference of arriving at snail tongue surface, reduced rotational noise by phase cancellation, through optimum experimental, and snail tongue impulsive force ripple wavelength X and groove depth h coincidence formula:
h=λ/4+Δ
In the formula: λ-calculated gas flow impulsive force wave-wave is long; The h-groove depth; V-snail tongue place wind speed; The n-rotation speed of fan; Z-fan blade number; The correction term of Δ-consideration snail tongue convection current, when snail tongue wind speed V<10m/s, experience is Δ=0.5~1mm as a result.As shown in Figure 3.N comes compute according to the maximum (top) speed of blower fan, and noise requires to satisfy under the maximum (top) speed state, and other satisfy naturally.
2.2, the choosing of all the other sizes, air guide channel top and former snail tongue surface transition fillet radius are got R1=0.2 λ~0.5 λ (preferred R1=λ/4), the air guide channel bottom also is circular-arc, arc diameter is got R2=λ/4=0.2~0.5 λ (being preferably R1=λ/4), circular arc width T=λ/8=0.15~0.2 λ (preferred T=λ/8); Middle straight line segment and bottom circular arc and top fillet are tangent respectively, with former snail tongue surface angle α=50~65 °, are optimum efficiency with 55~60 °.Top air guide channel width L=0.7~0.8 λ (being preferably L=3 λ/4).
3, air guide channel 4 is along snail tongue track: in order to satisfy the noise reduction of wide flow rates, imitative birds nose curve then requires air guide channel 4 degree of depth to change along the snail tongue, and experiment shows, the track of air guide channel 4 as shown in Figure 2:
The groove head track mark of described air guide channel is the track of former snail tongue, and the former snail tongue Yuan Jiao center of circle 10 is tangential with impeller, the impeller sense of rotation is the forward X-axis, with perpendicular to X-axis direction, to point to the impeller direction be the forward Y-axis; λ/8 distances are got along the forward X-axis in the former snail tongue center of circle, get the center of circle 11 that λ/8 places are bottom land track fillet along the forward Y direction again, cross second air guide channel terminal 9 with the bottom land locus circle center of circle 11 and justify, and form bottom land track fillet 12; Make tangent line from the first air guide channel end 8 to bottom land track fillet, form bottom land track straightway 14 between the bottom land point of contact 15 and the first air guide channel end 8, bottom land track fillet 12 and bottom land track straightway constitute air guide channel bottom land track.
4, bionical air guide channel arranging method and spacing chooses.The arrangement of bionical air guide channel is good to be covered with impeller width being projected as on the snail tongue; Best noise reduction can be obtained in adjacent air guide channel interval S=Δ+3 λ/4.Snail tongue track tangent section 14 length are 3~5 λ.
Adopt after the described snail tongue of present embodiment, concrete noise reduction is as follows:
Blower fan is divided into superpower shelves, and the prime time, middle-grade, low grade is calculated with superpower shelves, impeller diameter 350mm, and the number of blade is 43, rotation speed n=550rmp records V=6m/s with recording anemometer,
h=λ/4+Δ=15/4+0.5~1=4.25~4.75(mm)
Get h=4.5mm, R=R1=3.75mm, T=1.8mm, L=11mm, S gets 12mm, α=60 °
Connect according to above data, and the position of aforesaid each point relation, processing bionical snail tongue structure, measuring and calculating adopts the noise of this bionical snail tongue structure as follows, and the noise of former spiral case is contrasted, and experimental result is as shown in table 1.
Show that in the semianechoic room test result can reduce blower fan rotational noise peak value reaches 3~5dB (A), motor frequency multiplication power supply noise reduces or disappears, and calculates by draught fan impeller cylindrical peripheral velocity, and the result is roughly the same.
Press the designed bionical snail tongue structure of such scheme, not only realized leaf road air is gone out the effect that stream carries out water conservancy diversion, and changed the comparatively high static pressure of homogeneous of snail tongue surface, the time that makes blade path arrive the snail tongue staggers, by imitative hawk contouring head, the air-flow regenerated noise that makes air communication cross air guide channel 4 generations drops to very little.The pulsing airflow that a last blade path produces forms air cushion on bionical snail tongue surface, slows down the pulse Reeb that next blade path produces, and reaches to weaken the effect that pulsing airflow impacts, and that has also improved the impeller blade passage thus goes out the stream condition, and it is more smooth and easy to use stream; Stagger the air-flow reaction Reeb arrival blade time by a plurality of bionical air guide channels 4 simultaneously, reduced of the effect of air-flow recoil force to impeller blade, make air-flow reaction Reeb avoid the former rank of blade mode of vibration, reduce blade vibration, thereby alleviate radially wobbling of impeller generation, reduction radially wobbles the motor frequency multiplication power supply electromagnetic noise that causes greatly because of impeller.
Table 1
According to the bionical noise reduction spiral tougue that present embodiment provides, its main feature is that denoising structure can directly process on original snail tongue, and former spiral case mould is only needed simple the change, do not change original snail tongue and impeller clearance, design and manufacturing are simple, do not need to increase any structure spare, and be with low cost.The key of present embodiment is for after acquisition snail tongue place wind speed, rotating speed and the number of blade, the air guide channel degree of depth that is adopted and width meet in the above-mentioned formula scope, bionical air guide channel quantity is so that horizontal projection width's scope on spiral case 2 is being good on the edge at whole draught fan impeller in the axial arranged scope of snail tongue, after surpassing certain limit, can cause fan delivery to reduce, noise increases.
Use the bionical snail tongue structure of present embodiment, it is little that snail tongue radius that can also be original bigger and snail tongue and impeller clearance change, with the higher fan delivery of acquisition, and the raising fan performance, and do not produce rotational noise, the noise total value is constant substantially.
Present embodiment is applied to engineering reality with bionic theory, and imitative birds flight body characteristics has proposed the innovative approach that centrifugal blower snail tongue designs.Compare with existing noise reduction spiral tougue and Volute Design, present embodiment has and manufactures and designs simply, does not increase any structure spare, can the on-the-spot advantage of transforming, and big to the rotational noise noise reduction.Particularly can not change other parameters of former blower fan, realize noise reduction under the prerequisite of assurance air quantity, can also improve on the fan performance and realize noise reduction preferably, have good application prospects increasing air quantity.
Only be specific embodiment of the utility model below, do not limit protection domain of the present utility model with this; Any replacement and the improvement done on the basis of not violating the utility model design all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.