CN201497341U

CN201497341U - Spelter smelting kiln

Info

Publication number: CN201497341U
Application number: CN2009203118160U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐建成
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-09-29
Filing date: 2009-09-29
Publication date: 2010-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2019-09-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spelter smelting kiln which comprises a kiln body (1). The kiln body (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2), an air outlet (3), a liquid outlet (4) and a slag outlet (5). A zinc storage pool (6) is arranged below the liquid outlet (4). The kiln body (1) is internally provided with a preheating section (7), a high-temperature smelting section (8) and a condenser (9). The high-temperature smelting section (8) is provided with a graphite electrode (10) that is connected with a rotary transformer (15). The bottom of the kiln body (1) is provided with a transmission device (11). The spelter smelting kiln has the advantages of small occupied area, large output, high thermal utilization ratio, low production cost, no pollution, and capability of processing various recyclable zinc ash raw materials and the like, meets the requirements of environmental protection, energy saving and circulated economy, is suitable for smelting spelter, and is also suitable for smelting other similar non-ferrous metals.

Description

A kind of crude zinc is smelted kiln

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of crude zinc and smelts kiln, belongs to the zinc technical field of smelting.

Background technology

In the prior art, the smelting process of metallic zinc mainly is divided into two kinds of wet method and pyrogenic processes.The investment of hydrometallurgy is huge, the wastewater treatment difficulty, and strong to the raw material selectivity, area occupied is big, and investment is big, and the consumption chemical adjuvant is many; Pyrometallurgical smelting has perpendicular jar of a smelting, blast furnace smelting and electric furnace smelting etc., has all that the specific yield investment is big, production cost is high, energy consumption is high, to shortcomings such as the raw material selectivity are strong, and the equipment complexity, and floor space is big.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of low cost, high efficiency crude zinc to smelt kiln, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above the technical solution of the utility model: a kind of crude zinc is smelted kiln.Constitute and to comprise and on described kiln body, be provided with charging aperture, gas outlet, liquid outlet and slag notch by the kiln body, in liquid outlet, be filled with zinc gray; Chu Xinchi is arranged below liquid outlet; Be provided with preheating section, pyrolytic semlting section and condenser in the kiln body, in the pyrolytic semlting section graphite electrode be housed, graphite electrode connects rotary transformer; Transmission device is arranged at the bottom at the kiln body.

Above-mentioned crude zinc is smelted in the kiln, and described charging aperture and gas outlet are positioned at preheating section one side of kiln body and keep apart mutually, and the gas outlet is positioned at the outside of charging aperture; Slag notch is positioned at pyrolytic semlting section one side of kiln body.

Aforesaid crude zinc is smelted in the kiln, in described graphite electrode the inside the carborundum heat-conducting layer is arranged.

Aforesaid crude zinc is smelted in the kiln, is provided with defeated material rotating cylinder between described preheating section and pyrolytic semlting section, at defeated material rotating cylinder front end the material lifting device is arranged.

Aforesaid crude zinc is smelted in the kiln, is filled with zinc gray in described liquid outlet.

The beneficial effects of the utility model: the utility model with charging, preheating, pyrolytic semlting, condensation, put in the smelting kiln that zinc and deslagging all concentrate on a rotation and finish, equipment is simple, floor space is little, economizes ground, cost is low.Because its smelting speed is fast, treating capacity is big, output is high, so the specific yield floor space still less, the specific yield investment is also few again.Because preheating, pyrolytic semlting, condensation are all carried out in the smelting kiln of a rotation, so material loss is little, rate of recovery height, material adds thermal balance, and energy consumption is low.Because energy consumption is low, specific investment cost is few, the rate of recovery is high, can use low-cost raw material, so production cost is very low.The utility model adopts graphite electrode energising heating in the pyrolytic semlting section, and small amount of exhaust gas adopts bag collection in preheating section cooling back, and remaining carbon monoxide can be used as fuel, adds that whole energy consumption is low, and the feature of environmental protection is good, meets the environmental emission reduction requirement.The utility model is smelted the rotation of kiln in the condensation chamber utilization, make zinc liquid and zinc fume two-phase mutual extrusion, collision (zinc rain, two kinds of condensing modes of extruding mutually combine) in narrow passage, and since condensation chamber near evaporator section, it is low to reoxidize rate, the big condensation rate of the temperature difference is fast, condensation effect is good, and waste gas is few, ash is few, the direct yield height.Raw material and zinc fume are to reach being separated from each other of solid phase and gas phase by defeated material rotating cylinder and condenser in the middle of the kiln body in the utility model, and this is the difference with common pyrometallurgical smelting maximum.Because the material firing rate is fast, homogeneous heating, so smelting temperature is lower, the duration of heat is short, adds and utilizes waste gas, condensation chamber heat radiation to come pre-thermal material, reduces greatly so smelt energy consumption.When going out zinc liquid, in the rotary course of smelting kiln, the zinc liquid of producing is drained into rapidly among the Chu Xinchi, can employ the zinc gray sealing after zinc liquid is discharged certainly by the zinc gray in the extruding liquid outlet, very convenient.The employing that the utility model is more good heat conductivity, the carbofrax material that can reclaim make, production cost is lower.Smelting kiln requires low to crude zinc oxide materials, not fastidious, raw material does not need to carry out preprocessing to be handled, directly charging, batch quality requirement to raw material is lower, can carry out continuous mass production, the both available coal of reducing agent, also available hydrogen, methane etc. are fit to the smelting to regeneration zinc gray raw material very much.Can in waste residue, obtain enriching and recovering if contain other metals in the material; If contain iron oxide, then in smelting process, be reduced, waste residue can directly obtain sponge iron through magnetic separation.Therefore, compared with prior art, it is little to the utlity model has floor space, and output is big, the heat utilization efficiency height, rate of recovery height, production cost is low, and is pollution-free, can handle the characteristics of various regeneration zinc gray raw materials, meet the requirement of environmental protection, energy-conservation, recycling economy, both be fit to crude zinc and smelted, also be fit to other similar non-ferrous metal metallurgies.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 1.

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is further described.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 1, crude zinc is smelted kiln.Comprise kiln body 1, on kiln body 1, be provided with charging aperture 2, gas outlet 3, liquid outlet 4 and slag notch 5, in liquid outlet 4, be filled with zinc gray 14, storage zinc pond 6 is arranged below liquid outlet 4; Zinc gray 14 is used for liquid outlet 4 is sealed, and the zinc liquid of producing reaches a certain amount of back and drains into automatically in the storage zinc pond 6 by the zinc gray 14 in the extruding liquid outlet 4 in the rotary course of kiln body 1, and zinc liquid is discharged back zinc gray 14 automatically with liquid outlet 4 sealings.Be provided with preheating section 7, pyrolytic semlting section 8 and condenser 9 in kiln body 1, in pyrolytic semlting section 8 graphite electrode 10 be housed, graphite electrode 10 connects rotary transformer 15, adopts rotary transformer 15 to introduce electric current also by graphite electrode 10 energising heating.In graphite electrode 10 the insides carborundum heat-conducting layer 12 is arranged, carborundum heat-conducting layer 12 is used to protect graphite electrode 10 and plays heat transfer effect.Condenser 9 has 8 big condensation chambers and narrow passage, utilizes the rotation of kiln body 1 in smelting process, make the zinc fume of generation be inhaled into behind the condensation chamber in narrow passage with condenser 9 in the collision of zinc liquid two-phase mutual extrusion, reach splendid condensation effect.Between preheating section 7 and pyrolytic semlting section 8, be provided with defeated material rotating cylinder 13, at defeated material rotating cylinder 13 front ends material lifting device 16 is arranged, like this material earlier than the preheating section 7 of large space in the continuous rotation by kiln body 1 stir fully, slough fully behind the moisture again by defeated and expect that rotating cylinder 13 delivers to pyrolytic semlting section 8 and heat.Kiln body 1 inwall and defeated material rotating cylinder 13 all adopt the carborundum system of building to form.Kiln body 1 adopts the form of rotation, in the bottom of kiln body 1 transmission device 11 is arranged, and drives kiln body 1 average rate constantly rotation slowly in smelting process by transmission device 11.Charging aperture 2 and gas outlet 3 are positioned at preheating section 7 one sides of kiln body 1 and keep apart mutually, and gas outlet 3 is positioned at the outside of charging aperture 2, like this can be with material and the operation of waste gas shunting.During making, also using fixedly with inner sleeve of carborundum making (promptly defeated material rotating cylinder 13), the carborundum knee wall of inner sleeve is separated into 8 condensation chambers (as shown in Figure 3) with the limit upper channel.Material is walked in the carborundum sleeve (defeated material rotating cylinder 13) of centre, and zinc fume is walked in the upper channel of limit, realizes being separated from each other of solid phase and gas phase.Slag notch 5 is positioned at pyrolytic semlting section 8 one sides of kiln body 1, and waste residue adopts a spiral deslagging device sealing to extract slag notch 5 out.

Crude zinc is smelted and is adopted pyrometallurgical smelting process to smelt, and smelts step and comprises charging, preheating, pyrolytic semlting and condensation.At first, material with feed screw by the charging aperture 3 of the smelting kiln smelting kiln of evenly packing into, material is sloughed moisture by the preheating of the heat radiation of the waste heat of waste gas and condensation chamber institute, sends the middle defeated material rotating cylinder 13 of kiln body to after being promoted by the material lifting device 16 of defeated material rotating cylinder 13 front ends again.Material moves ahead on one side, Yi Bian the heat radiation institute preheating of the chamber of continuing to be condensed, during to the tail end of defeated material rotating cylinder 13, expectation can be preheating to 900 ℃.Then, material enters pyrolytic semlting section 8, and the high temperature that graphite electrode 10 produces is passed to material by carborundum heat-conducting layer 12, and material progressively is heated to 1200 ℃, makes material fully reduce evaporation.Zinc fume rises to the top that smelts kiln then, the negative pressure of chamber of being condensed is aspirated, when condensation chamber is descending, the import of condensation chamber is dropped down the zinc fluid-tight of coming in and is closed under the condensation chamber of top, increase along with zinc liquid, the steam of condensation chamber is compressed to be extruded, and with the zinc liquid of coming in head-on collision, mutual extrusion in the narrow passage of condenser, thereby makes zinc fume obtain condensation preferably.Condensed waste gas rises to enter and smelts preheating section of kiln 7; In the rotary course of smelting kiln, when condensation chamber was displaced downwardly to the bottom, zinc hydrorrhea more than needed went out condensation chamber, enters liquid outlet 4.When condensation chamber rises from the bottom,, drop down under the zinc liquid that when condensation chamber rotates to the middle and upper part, exports previously with going up the zinc liquid of expiring the chamber, make condensation chamber produce negative pressure space, condensation chamber back import inspiration simultaneously zinc fume, 8 condensation chamber rotations back and forth reach the purpose of condensation zinc fume.Along with the liquid level of zinc liquid in liquid outlet 4 constantly increases, the zinc gray 14 of filling in the liquid outlet 4 is produced pressure, and press off the zinc gray 14 of liquid outlet 4, drop down down to storage zinc pond 6.Liquid outlet 4 can be sealed by the zinc gray above the storage zinc pond 6 again when rising automatically, and 8 liquid outlet 4 rotations back and forth reach the purpose that seals out zinc.Waste residue is displaced downwardly to the kiln tail, is arranged on the spiral deslagging device of smelting the kiln afterbody and at the uniform velocity extracts slag notch 5 out.Small amount of exhaust gas is discharged kiln body 1 after preheating section 7 further dispels the heat, behind bag-type dust, the remaining CO gas that is mainly can be used as fuel.

Embodiment of the present utility model is not limited to the foregoing description, all belongs within the protection domain of the present utility model in the various variations of making under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model aim.

Claims

1. a crude zinc is smelted kiln, comprises kiln body (1), it is characterized in that: be provided with charging aperture (2), gas outlet (3), liquid outlet (4) and slag notch (5) on described kiln body (1), in the below of liquid outlet (4) Chu Xinchi (6) arranged; Be provided with preheating section (7), pyrolytic semlting section (8) and condenser (9) in kiln body (1), in pyrolytic semlting section (8) graphite electrode (10) be housed, graphite electrode (10) connects rotary transformer (15); In the bottom of kiln body (1) transmission device (11) is arranged.

2. crude zinc according to claim 1 is smelted kiln, and it is characterized in that: described charging aperture (2) and gas outlet (3) are positioned at preheating section (7) one sides of kiln body (1) and keep apart mutually, and gas outlet (3) are positioned at the outside of charging aperture (2); Slag notch (5) is positioned at pyrolytic semlting section (8) one sides of kiln body (1).

3. crude zinc according to claim 1 is smelted kiln, it is characterized in that: in described graphite electrode (10) the inside carborundum heat-conducting layer (12) is arranged.

4. crude zinc according to claim 1 is smelted kiln, it is characterized in that: be provided with defeated material rotating cylinder (13) between described preheating section (7) and pyrolytic semlting section (8), at defeated material rotating cylinder (13) front end material lifting device (16) arranged.

5. crude zinc according to claim 1 is smelted kiln, it is characterized in that: be filled with zinc gray (14) in described liquid outlet (4).