Background technique
In traditional internal-combustion engine, by connecting rod the to-and-fro motion of piston is converted to rotatablely moving of bent axle, and then by the corresponding moving element of this crank-driven, externally outputting power.And in traditional compressor, also have connecting rod, and by this connecting rod rotatablely moving of bent axle is converted to the to-and-fro motion of piston, compress by the air in this piston countercylinder.Yet defectives such as in described connecting rod, because the existence of connecting rod, that the internal-combustion engine of connecting rod and compressor have is bulky, heavy, balance quality difference.
For addressing the above problem, the authorization day for announcing is that the Chinese patent that January 13, notification number in 1988 are CN85200358B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circular slide block reciprocating piston internal combustion engine "; Authorization is that the Chinese patent that December 14, notification number in 1988 are CN85100359B discloses a kind of " crankshaft circalar slide block reciprocating piston compressor " day for announcing; Notice of authorization day is June 27 calendar year 2001, notice of authorization number to disclose a kind of " crank and double-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine " for the Chinese patent of CN1067741C; Notice of authorization day is June 27 calendar year 2001, notice of authorization number to disclose a kind of " crank and multi-round slide reciprocating piston internal combustion engine " for the Chinese patent of CN1067742C.
Disclosed internal-combustion engine of above-mentioned Chinese patent and compressor common feature are in wherein to-and-fro motion and the switching mechanism that rotatablely moves, to have replaced connecting rod with smooth block, have replaced connecting rod with circular slider-crank mechanism.Described smooth block is provided with eccentric circular hole.The piston seat of piston is provided with circular slider accommodation hole.During assembling, smooth block is placed described circular slider accommodation hole, smooth block can rotate in described circular slider accommodation hole; The crank pin of bent axle is assemblied in the described eccentric circular hole, and crank pin can rotate in described eccentric circular hole.
During work, for internal-combustion engine, combustion gas in the firing chamber expand and promote piston motion, driving the smooth block that is arranged at wherein by piston moves reciprocatingly, and smooth block rotates in described piston simultaneously, and described to-and-fro motion rotates around the central axis of bent axle with the synthetic central axis of the eccentric circular hole on the smooth block that makes that rotatablely moves; And the dead in line of the crank pin of the central axis of described eccentric circular hole and bent axle, thereby can realize the conversion that rotatablely moves that reciprocates to bent axle of piston.And then by the corresponding moving element of this crank-driven, external outputting power.
No matter be traditional internal-combustion engine of connecting rod or compressor, the internal-combustion engine or the compressor of the still above-mentioned disclosed circular slider-crank mechanism of Chinese patent, bent axle all be rotatablely move with reciprocating conversion in indispensable parts.Bent axle comprises the crank at crank pin and described crank pin two ends, and crank comprises the crank spindle neck.The main journal that is positioned at crankshaft end is fixedlyed connected with corresponding moving element, drives corresponding moving element and rotates.For example described moving element can be flywheel or be timing gear.
Generally, crankshaft main journal and moving element are fixed together by bolted on connection.Driving corresponding moving element when crankshaft main journal rotates rotates synchronously.Need accurately locate at circumferential and axial between corresponding moving element and the bent axle, so that the synchronism of transmission of movement between the two.Particularly for driving the timing gear that the cylinder valve opens and closes, its phase place with main journal needs to locate accurately, otherwise internal-combustion engine can't be worked.
The model utility content
The utility model provides a kind of position structure, can realize the accurate location of two parts at circumferential and axial.
A kind of position structure that the utility model provides is used for two parts of mutual assembling are positioned; Comprise that faying surface by two parts of described mutual assembling extends respectively, the corresponding positioning pin hole in position and pass described faying surface, two ends and insert locating stud in the positioning pin hole of faying surface both sides respectively in two parts; Also comprise the seam that cooperatively interacts on the faying surface of two parts that are arranged at described mutual assembling.
Optionally, the positioning pin hole of the faying surface both sides of two parts of described mutual assembling is the eccentric opening that departs from the common central axis of described two parts.
Optionally, described seam is for being the arc shape or the toroidal in the center of circle with described faying surface center.
The utility model also provides a kind of crankshaft-flywheel group, comprises moving element and has the bent axle that a suite turns at least; The crank that described crank throw comprises crank pin and is arranged at the end of described crank pin; One of them end face of described moving element and the crank of described crankshaft end are fitted away from the end face of its crank pin, and described moving element and described crank fixedly are assembled together; Wherein, in described moving element and crank, be provided with in described moving element and crank, extend respectively by its faying surface, the corresponding positioning pin hole in position, locating stud passes described faying surface, two ends and inserts respectively in the positioning pin hole in described moving element and the crank; The faying surface of described moving element and crank is provided with the seam that cooperatively interacts.
Optionally, described moving element is a crankshaft gear, when described crankshaft gear and described crank fixedly are assembled together, and the rotating shaft coaxle of the crank spindle neck of the running shaft of described crankshaft gear and described crank.
Optionally, the positioning pin hole on described moving element and the crank departs from described running shaft.
Optionally, described seam is for being the arc shape or the toroidal at center with described running shaft.
Optionally, when described seam when being the arc shape at center with described running shaft, described seam is arranged at the position of described crank pin with respect to described crankshaft center axis symmetry.
In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of internal-combustion engine, comprises the described crankshaft-flywheel group of above-mentioned arbitrary technological scheme.
In addition, the utility model also provides a kind of compressor, comprises the described crankshaft-flywheel group of above-mentioned arbitrary technological scheme.
Compared with prior art, eliminate locating stud and seam cooperation in the utility model, can realize accurate location circumferential and circumferential between two parts.
Position structure of the present utility model is applied in the crankshaft-flywheel group, cooperates at axial and circumferential in the time of can realizing the fixing assembling of crank and crank gear, thereby can guarantee accurate phase relation between the two.
Embodiment
No matter in the internal-combustion engine or compressor of traditional connecting rod, still in the internal-combustion engine or compressor of circular slider-crank mechanism, the crankshaft-flywheel group all be rotatablely move with reciprocating switching mechanism in indispensable parts.Typical crankshaft-flywheel mechanism comprises bent axle and the flywheel coaxial with described bent axle and that fixedly be assembled together that at least one suite turns, and in addition, also comprises crankshaft gear (being also referred to as timing gear) coaxial with described bent axle and that fixedly be assembled together.Because bent axle and and the flywheel of its assembling or crankshaft gear between need accurate location, thereby when bent axle is assembled together with flywheel or crankshaft gear, need position structure, comprise axially locating and circumferentially locate.
The utility model provides a kind of position structure, can realize two parts of mutual assembling are positioned.
Among the embodiment of the present utility model, be that example comes position structure of the present utility model is described with the crankshaft-flywheel group.But, need to prove that position structure of the present utility model does not limit in the crankshaft-flywheel group in the present embodiment between the bent axle and flywheel or crankshaft gear, it also can be applied between other two parts that assemble mutually.Those skilled in the art can be applied to others according to embodiment's of the present utility model instruction.
Below in conjunction with the crankshaft-flywheel group that is applied in the slick and sly fast mechanism of crank position structure of the present utility model is described.Certainly, position structure of the present utility model also can be applied in the crankshaft-flywheel group of traditional connecting rod.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of crankshaft-flywheel group of embodiment of the present utility model.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the crankshaft-flywheel group comprises having bent axle 1 that a suite turns at least and coaxial and fixedly be assemblied in the flywheel 2 and the crankshaft gear 3 at described bent axle 1 two ends respectively with described bent axle 1.Belt pulley 4 and described crankshaft gear 3 are coaxial and fixedly be assembled together.
Wherein, the described bent axle 1 crank 1-2 and the 1-3 that comprise crank pin 1-1 and be arranged at described crank pin 1-1 two ends.Wherein, described crank 1-2 and 1-3 can be one-body molded with described crank pin 1-2, also can fixedly be assembled together by link.All right end of crank pin 1-1 and crank are one-body molded, the fixing assembling of the other end and crank.If crank and its fixing assembling of at least one end of crank pin 1-1 are set, then in circular slider-crank mechanism, smooth block can be enclosed within on this crankweb very easily.
In the present embodiment, crank pin 1-1 and described crank 1-2,1-3 are cylindrical, and its radial cross section diameter has nothing in common with each other, and the radial cross section diameter of crank pin 1-1 is less than the radial cross section diameter of crank 1-2,1-3.Described crank 1-2 and 1-3 are coaxial, and crank pin 1-1 and crank 1-2,1-3 axis are parallel to each other, and axis one segment distance of the described crank 1-2 of the axis runout of described crank pin 1-1,1-3.The outer circumferential face of described crank pin 1-1 is fully enclosed within the outer circumferential face of described crank 1-2,1-3 or is tangent with the outer circumferential face of described crank 1-2,1-3.
Described crank 1-2,1-3 comprise crank spindle neck (not indicating).The crank spindle neck is arranged in the bearing on the cylinder block, the dead in line of axis and crank 1-2,1-3, and this is the running shaft of bent axle.When the internal combustion engine of crank round slider movement conversion mechanism, the gas blow-through pressure of firing chamber promotes piston motion, drive bent axle 1 by piston and rotate, while bent axle drive is fixed flywheel 2, the crankshaft gear 3 of assembling and is fixed the belt pulleys 4 that assemble with crankshaft gear 3 with it and rotates synchronously.Belt pulley 4 outputs power, and crankshaft gear 3 is connected with internal combustion (IC) engine camshaft, opens and closes by camshaft control valve.For compressor, by external force bent axle is rotated, move reciprocatingly thereby drive piston.
Because crankshaft gear 3 needs the switching of control valve, and the time that valve opens and closes need accurately cooperate with the crankshaft rotating position.Thereby need accurately locate at axial and circumferential between crankshaft gear 3 and the bent axle 1, to guarantee the phase relationship between the two.
In the present embodiment, fit away from the end face of crank pin 1-1 at one of them end face of crankshaft gear 3 and the crank 1-2 of bent axle 1, and be assembled together by link.Wherein, described link can be a bolt.
Also be provided with the positioning pin hole that in crankshaft gear 3 and crank 1-2, extends respectively by the two faying surface (can with reference to following Fig. 2) in described crankshaft gear 3 and among the crank 1-2, wherein, positioning pin hole position correspondence in crankshaft gear 3 and crank 1-2, when the two fit together, locating stud 6 passed its faying surface and inserts among described crankshaft gear 3 and the crank 1-2.In addition, on the faying surface of described crankshaft gear 3 and crank 1-2, also be provided with the seam that cooperatively interacts.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 to the position structure explanation on the crank 1-2 in the present embodiment.Wherein, Fig. 2 is the generalized section of embodiment's of the present utility model crank 1-2; Fig. 3 is the generalized section of Fig. 2 along BB ' direction; Fig. 4 is the left view of embodiment's of the present utility model crank 1-2;
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, described crank 1-2 is cylindrical.On one of them end face of described crank 1-2, also be provided with blind hole, be called crank hole 1-4.Described crank hole 1-4 is a circular port, is used to hold one of them end of crank pin 1-1 shown in Figure 1, and its diameter is arranged so that described crank pin 1-1 end can insert this crank hole 1-4 in the mode of transition fit or interference fit.
In addition, the axis of the described crank 1 of the axis runout of described crank hole 1-4, and the distance that departs from equals the distance of axis of the described crank 1-3 of axis runout of described crank pin 1-1.Treat that described crank 1-2 is assemblied in after the end of described crank pin 1-1, the dead in line of the axis of described crank hole 1-4 and described crank pin 1-1; The dead in line of described crank 1-2 and described crank 1-3, and this coincidence axis is the running shaft of bent axle.
Can also be provided with through hole on the bottom of described crank hole 1-4, this through hole can cooperate with the retaining thread hole of the end of bolt and crank pin 1-1, and described crank 1-2 fixedly is assemblied on the described crank pin.
At the end face of described crank 1-2 away from crank pin 1-1, be provided with the pin-and-hole 1-5 that in described crank 1-2, extends by described end face, shown in Fig. 2 and 4, described pin-and-hole 1-5 departs from the central axis of described crank 1-2.The crankshaft gear 3 of fitting with the described end face of described crank 1-2 is provided with and the corresponding pin-and-hole of described pin-and-hole 1-5 (not shown), when described crankshaft gear 3 with described crank 1-2 dead in line and when fitting together, identical pin-and-hole aligns, insert respectively in the described pin-and-hole at the two ends of locating stud 6, can realize described crankshaft gear 3 and described crank 1-2 in circumferential location.
In addition, also be provided with seam 1-7 on the described end face of described crank 1-2, as Fig. 2,3 and shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, described seam 1-7 is the projection of the semicircular arc at center for the central axis with described crank 1-2.The seam (not shown) that matches with described seam 1-7 is arranged on described crankshaft gear 3, for example, in the present embodiment, the groove shape seam of the seam on the described crankshaft gear 3 for matching with projection on the described crank 1-2.When described crankshaft gear 3 assembled with described crank 1-2 is fixing, both seams matched and can carry out axially locating.
Wherein, also can be groove at the seam of described crank 1-2, and the seam on the described crankshaft gear 3 be a projection; In addition, the seam that cooperatively interacts on both also can be other shapes, and for example ring repeats no more here.
In the present embodiment, cooperate, cooperate at axial and circumferential in the time of can realizing crank 1-2 with crank gear 3 fixing assemblings, thereby can guarantee accurate phase relation between the two by described locating stud 6 and seam.
In addition, in the position structure in the above embodiments, it is semicircular arc that described seam is set, and also can alleviate the weight of described crank 1-2, thereby helps alleviating the gyrating mass of crank 1-2.In addition, described seam can be arranged at the position of described crank pin 1-1 with respect to the central axis symmetry of described bent axle 1, but the also rotary centrifugal force of the crank pin 1-1 of balance fraction.
On described crank 1-2 and crankshaft gear 3, also be respectively arranged with and be used for fixed structure that the two fixedly is assembled together, for example fixed hole fixedly is assembled into one by bolt 5 with the two.In addition, other structure can also be set, describe no longer one by one here at described crank 1-2 and crankshaft gear 3.
In the above-described embodiment, crankshaft-flywheel group with the crank round slider structure is described positioning means of the present utility model, it is emphasized that, position structure of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, it can be applied in the location of other mechanical structure, in the crankshaft-flywheel group of for example traditional brace and connecting rod framework, and other need to enumerate no longer one by one here in the occasion of circumferential and axial location.In addition; the foregoing description should be as the restriction to claim protection domain of the present utility model to the description of ins and outs yet; under the condition of the protection domain that does not deviate from claim; those skilled in the art are according to embodiment's of the present utility model instruction, with recognize many other distortion, substitute or revise.
In addition, the utility model also relates to a kind of crankshaft-flywheel group of using position structure of the present utility model.Its concrete structure can repeat no more here with reference to the description in the foregoing description.In the above-described embodiment, only a kind of crankshaft-flywheel group with crank round slider is that example is illustrated, and need to prove, all comprise that crankshaft-flywheel suite axle flywheel set of the present utility model all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.
In addition, crankshaft-flywheel group of the present utility model also can be applied to reciprocating internal combustion engine and or compressor in, form internal-combustion engine or the compressor comprise above-mentioned crankshaft-flywheel group.The crankshaft-flywheel group of the foregoing description also can be applicable to other rotatablely move and the switching mechanism of linear reciprocating motion in, repeat no more here.
Though the utility model with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not to be used for limiting the utility model; any those skilled in the art are not in breaking away from spirit and scope of the present utility model; can make possible change and modification, therefore protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the scope that the utility model claim is defined.