CN201491258U - Back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films - Google Patents
Back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films Download PDFInfo
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- CN201491258U CN201491258U CN2009201510190U CN200920151019U CN201491258U CN 201491258 U CN201491258 U CN 201491258U CN 2009201510190 U CN2009201510190 U CN 2009201510190U CN 200920151019 U CN200920151019 U CN 200920151019U CN 201491258 U CN201491258 U CN 201491258U
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- conductive
- diaphragm
- electret
- electrode
- air pressure
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Abstract
The utility model provides a back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films, which is characterized in that two side surfaces of an insulating layer are provided with an electret plate respectively; the external side surface of each electret plate is combined with a conductive vibration film by a spacing layer; the external side of each conductive vibration film is provided with an insulating part, wherein each electret plate comprises an electret vibration film carrying charges and a conductive electrode; when two acoustic voltages with reverse phases are applied to the two conductive vibration films and the two conductive electrodes in a crossing way, the two conductive vibration films are pushed under the action of the electrostatic force; therefore, the acoustic voltage can be a voltage with low level, thus driving the actuator to generate sound.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits, and refers to that especially a kind of outside in two structures in the electric material is provided with a conductive diaphragm respectively, promotes the motion of two conductive diaphragms with sonorific electro-acoustic actuator with electrostatic force.
Background technology
The vision and the sense of hearing are the most direct two kinds of sensory responses of the mankind, therefore for a long time, scientists does one's utmost to develop the related system of the various renewable visions and the sense of hearing, because the rise of communications media in recent decades and the flourishing demand of computer market, in the development of vision regenerative system, display industry is compared with the development of electroacoustic industry, the great-jump-forward progress of catching up from behind is arranged, from early stage monochromatic cathode tube display, the color cathode tube display, monochromatic liquid crystal display, develop into the colour liquid crystal display device of present the supreme arrogance of a person with great power, organic light emitting display and plasma display panel, color shows that the volume of display also develops into present volume frivolous plane formula liquid crystal or plasma display panel by the cathode tube display that occupied huge solid space originally also by original monochrome progress 1,000,000 colour systems up till now.
Review the development of sense of hearing regenerative system, not too many in recent decades outstanding progress, the regeneration of at present relevant loud speaker mainly is still by coil-moving speaker and dominates the whole market.But along with people in recent years for aesthetic quality's demand day by day, and 3C Product is being pursued under short and small, the frivolous prerequisite, a kind of electroacoustic loud speaker that has power saving, frivolous, high regeneration quality concurrently, no matter be the large scale dynamic planar loudspeakers of collocation family theater, also be small enough to the earphone of walkman, stereosonic mobile phone, or, can predict the development that has a large amount of demand and urgency with the hearing aids that astogeny society arrives to grow with each passing day.
The mode classification of electroacoustic loud speaker is mainly divided into directly (bugle) and indirec radiation type at present; And type of drive generally is divided into moving-coil type, piezoelectric type, electrostatic loudspeaker, below will make introductions all round.
Coil-moving speaker is the product that uses the widest and technology maturation at present, and its motion principle is according to Fo Laiming (Fleming) left hand rule, and the interaction that utilizes magnetic field, electric current, power three to intersect at a right angle is controlled a vibrating membrane and produced reciprocating motion in the form of piston.Its price can be by dozens of yuan to several ten thousand yuan according to quality good or not.Coil-moving speaker is used on various TV, sound equipment, earphone and the mobile phone in a large number at present, but is subject to the shortcoming of congenital structure, can't be with the volume flattening, so the trend of and family theater flattening more and more littler in the face of 3C Product will not meet demand.
Piezo-electric loudspeaker is as the term suggests be the piezoelectric effect of utilizing piezoelectric.When an additional electric field during in piezoelectric, to make piezoelectric generation distortion and can be used to promote the vibrating diaphragm sounding, though the loud speaker flat structure of this type is small, it is higher and available frequency range is few to be subject to the resonance frequency of piezoelectric, and it is in the majority only to be applied in siren at present.
The action principle of electrostatic loudspeaker is that two are formed with fixed plate electrode clamping one conductive diaphragm of perforate and form a kind of capacitor, by the alternating voltage supplying with this conductive diaphragm one direct current bias voltage and apply a synchronous positive and negative phase place in two fixed plate electrodes, the electrostatic force that utilizes positive and negative charge to take place drives the vibration of this conductive diaphragm and acoustic radiating is gone out.Because the vibrating diaphragm that electrostatic loudspeaker uses is very frivolous, characteristics such as its quick transient response, high-resolution all be other loud speaker can't be obtained.But must reach up to a hundred～last kilovolt owing to supply with the Dc bias of this conductive diaphragm, therefore necessary external one high unit price and bulky coupling enlarger, though its tonequality is superior is that other loud speaker institute is incomparable, and the factor of high unit price causes market only to concentrate on the minority player and uses.In the patent documentation part, for example the U.S. announces the 3rd, 646, and 280,3,894,199,3,892,927 grades all are this kind compound modes.
The more famous manufacturer of electrostatic earphone is the STAX and the German Sennheiser of Japan at present, its technology is the conductive diaphragm that forms about 1.35～3 μ m thickness of electrode clamping of perforate with two, form a kind of capacitor, this coupling enlarger provides a direct current bias voltage, and (100～480V) give conductive diaphragm, (100～200V) give two apertured electrodes plates to synchronously positive antiphase AC signal, by the electrostatic force that positive and negative charge produced, promote the vibrating diaphragm motion.
In addition, no matter owing to be at present that electrostatic or DYN dynamic earphone or loud speaker are all formed an enclosure space because of the film that is adopted and other member, and such enclosure space often causes damage because the air pressure of transmission course changes.For example, be transported to when external when earphone or loud speaker utilize air transport, the air pressure of enclosure space is different with upper atmosphere pressure and may allow film depression or outstanding, causes the nonvolatil function of loud speaker or earphone to damage.
The utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is in response to the demand of existing market for small flattening, high-quality, low unit price loud speaker, use the positive and negative high voltage that electret composite materials provided, and the conductive diaphragm that utilizes thin film manufacture process, the shortcoming of improvement conventional electrostatic type loud speaker, and existing loud speaker do not possess the problem of air pressure adjustment usefulness, finish a power saving, simple, low-cost, high tone quality etc. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator.
For reaching aforementioned purpose, the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits of the present utility model includes:
One insulating barrier;
Two stay electroplax, are located at the relative two sides of this insulating barrier respectively, respectively stay electroplax and include an electret diaphragm and a conductive electrode in conjunction with this insulating barrier, and each electret diaphragm comprises at least one fluoro containing polymers film, and two electret diaphragms fill respectively with positive and negative electric charge;
Two conductive diaphragms are incorporated into two via a wall respectively and stay the outside of electroplax, and each conductive diaphragm comprises a macromolecule vibrating diaphragm and an electrode layer;
Two insulating parts are located at the outside of the electrode layer of two conductive diaphragms respectively;
One shell covers at aforementioned dielectric layer, the outside after electroplax, conductive diaphragm and insulating part are superimposed; And
More than onely wait the air pressure perforation, run through one of them this conductive diaphragm or run through this shell and the inner space of these air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuators is communicated with outside atmosphere.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: provide a positive and negative bias voltage of stabilized uniform owing to two electret diaphragms all are filled with electric charge, when reaching the conductive electrode one interchange message voltage of staying electroplax with a message enlarger unit feeding electrode layer, two conductive diaphragms will be pushed away-La electrostatic force simultaneously, make conductive diaphragm produce vibration, compressed air produces acoustic radiating, when bias voltage that electret diaphragm provided was a high pressure, then exchanging message voltage can reach required electrostatic force with low relatively voltage.And, the air pressure perforation such as the utlity model has, allow the utility model can not cause damage because of inside and outside atmospheric pressure difference.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective exploded view of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the combination face schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the combination face schematic diagram of the utility model second embodiment.
[main element symbol description]
10 insulating barriers
20 stay electroplax
21 electret diaphragms
22 conductive electrodes
30 walls
40 conductive diaphragms
41 macromolecule vibrating diaphragms
42 electrode layers
50 insulating parts
60 shells
Perforation such as 70 air pressure such as grade
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuators such as the utility model, include:
One insulating barrier 10;
Two stay electroplax 20, be divided into two relatively on the surface of this insulating barrier 10, the conductive electrode 22 that respectively includes an electret diaphragm 21 and this insulating barrier 10 of applying in electroplax 20, wherein the production method of this electret diaphragm 21 is prior to the two sides of a fluorine-containing nanometer or micron hole macromolecule material film pressing one water proofing property macromolecule membrane respectively, form an electret composite materials, two electret composite materials are under normal pressure power (1atm)-high temperature (100 ℃), with corona charging method (corona charge, more than the 20KV) just filling respectively, negative electricity, formation just has forever, the electret diaphragm 21 of back bias voltage; After finishing 21 making of charged electret diaphragm, follow with hot pressing or with epoxy resin with a metallic plate or a metal forming again, or see through sputter, evaporation conductive materials such as gold, silver, aluminium, transparency electrode modes such as (ITO), and forming this conductive electrode 22, its resistance value is less than 1M Ω/cm; When electret diaphragm 21 with fit in insulating barrier 10 surfaces after conductive electrode 22 combines, burrow via machining again, insulating barrier 10 and two is stayed forms plural hole on the electroplax 20, percent opening is 15-35%, can evenly distribute or Compound Distribution;
Two conductive diaphragms 40, can use the mode that fixture sticks together with pressing to be located at aforementioned two lateral surfaces respectively in electroplax 20, each conductive diaphragm 40 and stay and to be folded with a wall 30 between the electroplax 20 and to be with a macromolecule vibrating diaphragm 41 and an electrode layer 42 compositions, wherein macromolecule vibrating diaphragm 41 is positioned at inboard and wall 30 applyings, and electrode layer 42 is positioned at the outside relatively, conductive diaphragm 40 production methods are rotary coating thermoset resins on a microscope carrier, thickness is 0.5～10 μ m, become a resin film with as macromolecule vibrating diaphragm 41 through hot setting, tighten with retainer ring again and fix this macromolecule vibrating diaphragm 41, and use sputter, a conductive layer or coating conducting polymer are as this electrode layer 42 on the evaporation, electrode layer 42 thickness 0.01～2 μ m, can be transparent or opaque, finish the making of conductive diaphragm 40 thus, aforementionedly be used to tighten the retainer ring of fixing this macromolecule vibrating diaphragm 41 and can be used as this wall 30;
Two insulating parts 50 are for ring-type also is located at respectively on the outer surface of aforementioned two electrode layers 42;
One shell 60 as one in conjunction with fixture, covers at the side behind the stacked composite construction of aforementioned each element, to keep each layer elements in tight superimposed state, is as shell 60 in the present embodiment with aluminum hull; And
More than onely wait air pressure perforation 70, run through one of them this conductive diaphragm 40, perhaps run through this shell 60 and this wall 30 and the inner space of these air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuators is communicated with outside atmosphere.
Dielectric material (Dielectric Materials) is handled the back and can forever be possessed electrostatic charge (Static Charges) through electrification (Electrized), be called electret, because of the fluorine molecule tool electrical in reinforcing yin essence, therefore the utility model is selected fluoro containing polymers polymer (Fluorine Polymer) for use, general through behind the corona charging (Corona Charging), also possess in it and the no longer decay of certain electric charge through segment length's time, promptly form electret.
Contain one deck fluoro containing polymers film at least in the electret diaphragm 21 of the present utility model, perfluoroethylene-propylene (FEP) for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or fluorine-containing organic, inorganic polymer etc., also can be multilayer, use lamination pressing or supercritical methanol technology in this fluoro containing polymers film (Film), to produce nanometer or micron pore space structure, material light-permeable or light tight, monolayer material thickness 1～1000 μ m, through can forever keeping electric charge behind the high voltage corona charging in its hole, nanometer or micron hole and interface surface are long-pending can to increase stored electric charge by increasing, and avoids charge loss.This fluoro containing polymers film upper and lower surface uses hydrocarbon macromolecule to engage with it, and material can be transparent or opaque, hard or soft all can, thickness 1～2000 μ m, the composite material of sandwich structure consisting.Because fluoro containing polymers is difficult for following with other material, this case utilizes the electricity slurry to handle, with hydrocarbon macromolecule and fluorine is that macromolecule membrane is bonded into sandwich structure, not only can engage with metal or plastic macromolecule in successive process easily again, can prevent that also aqueous vapor from causing charge loss.
Operating principle of the present utility model is as follows: according to Coulomb's law, the electric charge product of two charged objects is proportional to interaction electrostatic force, is inversely proportional to both square distances; Two electric charges are if its object is subjected to mutual exclusion electrostatic force when being all plus or minus, and its object was subjected to inhale mutually electrostatic force when electric charge one positive was negative.
The utility model is a message voltage s to be put on wherein one stay the conductive electrode 22 of electroplax 20 and be positioned at the electrode layer 42 of other side, one reverse message voltage v puts on conductive electrode 22 and another electrode layer 42 that another stays electroplax 20, and holding wire can connect out internally.Utilize two equidistant clamping a slice conductive diaphragms 40 that carry electret diaphragm 21 symmetries of electric charge, same capacitor devices such as its structure.According to Coulomb's law, when conductive diaphragm 40 loads one voltage signal of centre, will be subjected to an attraction and an electrostatic force repulsion simultaneously, conductive diaphragm 40 unit ares are subjected to the relation of electrostatic force can be by following formulate.
Permittivity of vacuum ε wherein
0=8.85 * 10
-12F/m, electret diaphragm 21 DIELECTRIC CONSTANT
e, electret diaphragm 21 thickness S
e, separator 10 thickness S
a, the message voltage V of input
In, the bias voltage V that two electret diaphragms 21 provide
e, the stressed P of vibrating diaphragm unit.
By following formula as can be known, electrostatic force P is proportional to bias voltage V
eWith message voltage V
InProduct, be inversely proportional to two stay between the electroplax 20 apart from S
a, therefore if under identical distance, the electrostatic loud speaker can provide a high bias voltage V
e, message voltage V then
InCan reach required electrostatic force with low relatively voltage.
The utility model provides a positive and negative bias voltage of stabilized uniform by electret diaphragm 21, when reaching conductive electrode 22 alternating voltages of staying electroplax 20 with message enlarger unit feeding electrode layer 42, according to the electrostatic force formula, two conductive diaphragms 40 are pushed away-La electrostatic force simultaneously, make conductive diaphragm 40 produce vibration, compressed air produces acoustic radiating.The utility model can be applicable to mobile computer loud speaker, cell-phone receiver, earphone monomer, stays and listen device receiver etc.
In addition, because the utility model is provided with these air pressure perforation 70, the enclosure space of two these conductive diaphragms 40 of the present utility model and 60 corrals of this shell can be communicated with outside atmosphere formation, therefore, when giving the utility model externally the air pressure of atmospheric environment changing, can not cause these conductive diaphragm 40 inside or outside excessively extensions to be out of shape and cause permanent damage of the present utility model because of the enclosure space of inside is different with outside atmosphere air pressure.For example, the utility model is in the process of air transport, even high aerial atmospheric pressure is lower, because enclose inside of the present utility model space and outside atmosphere are connected state, so this conductive diaphragm 40 can be because air pressure is uneven is not pressed in the enclosure space and is caused this conductive diaphragm 40 to stick to stay electroplax 20 in this and cause damaging.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is waited the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator, it is characterized in that, comprises:
One insulating barrier;
Two stay electroplax, be located at the relative two sides of this insulating barrier respectively, respectively stay electroplax and include an electret diaphragm and a conductive electrode in conjunction with this insulating barrier, each electret diaphragm comprises at least one fluoro containing polymers film, and two electret diaphragms fill respectively with positive and negative electric charge provides positive and negative bias voltage;
Two conductive diaphragms are incorporated into two via a wall respectively and stay the outside of electroplax, and each conductive diaphragm comprises a macromolecule vibrating diaphragm and an electrode layer;
Two insulating parts are located at the outside of the electrode layer of two conductive diaphragms respectively;
One shell covers at the aforementioned dielectric layer, stays electroplax, conductive diaphragm and the insulating part outside after superimposed is with in conjunction with fixing those elements after superimposed; And
More than onely wait the air pressure perforation, run through any this conductive diaphragm or run through this shell and the inner space of these air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuators is communicated with outside atmosphere.
2. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, forms nanometer or micron pore space structure in this fluoro containing polymers film.
3. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the thickness of this fluoro containing polymers film is between 1～1000 μ m.
4. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that this conductive electrode is made of metal or transparency electrode, and its resistance value is less than 1M Ω/cm.
5. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that the thickness of this macromolecule vibrating diaphragm is between 0.5～10 μ m.
6. the air pressure electret back-electrode double diaphragm electroacoustic actuator that waits as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that this electrode layers thickness is between 0.01～2 μ m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201510190U CN201491258U (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201510190U CN201491258U (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201491258U true CN201491258U (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201510190U Expired - Fee Related CN201491258U (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2009-05-06 | Back-pole electro-acoustic actuator with equal air-pressure electret and two vibration films |
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| CN (1) | CN201491258U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019218697A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | Dong Yaobin | Electronic generator, net charge generating device and electrostatic loudspeaker |
| CN111107476A (en) * | 2020-02-22 | 2020-05-05 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | Micro loudspeaker |
-
2009
- 2009-05-06 CN CN2009201510190U patent/CN201491258U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019218697A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-21 | Dong Yaobin | Electronic generator, net charge generating device and electrostatic loudspeaker |
| CN111107476A (en) * | 2020-02-22 | 2020-05-05 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | Micro loudspeaker |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100526 Termination date: 20140506 |