CN201486674U - Cylinder cover for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Cylinder cover for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201486674U CN201486674U CN2009201624863U CN200920162486U CN201486674U CN 201486674 U CN201486674 U CN 201486674U CN 2009201624863 U CN2009201624863 U CN 2009201624863U CN 200920162486 U CN200920162486 U CN 200920162486U CN 201486674 U CN201486674 U CN 201486674U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- cylinder
- outlet pipe
- cylinders
- return line
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/02—Arrangements of lubricant conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/243—Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/02—Arrangements of lubricant conduits
- F01M2011/023—Arrangements of lubricant conduits between oil sump and cylinder head
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
- F02F2001/4278—Exhaust collectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a cylinder cover used for an internal combustion engine, and provides a cylinder cover for the internal combustion engine which is provided with at least two cylinders. The cylinder cover can be connected on a cylinder body on a mounting end surface; cylinders are arranged in a row, and the vertical axes of the cylinders are in parallel; each cylinder is provided with at least one gas outlet used for discharging gas from the cylinder, a gas exhaust pipe adjoined with the gas outlet, and at least one return line which is assembled in the cylinder cover and directed along the vertical axes of the cylinders, wherein gas exhaust pipes of at least two cylinders are assembled in the cylinder cover to form an integral exhaust pipe which extends out of the cylinder cover from the outer wall of the cylinder cover, thus forming an integral exhaust manifold; and the return line is arranged at one side far away from the exhaust manifold assembled by at least two cylinders. The cylinder cover can realize setting optimization of the at least one return line, and leads the at least one return pipe or engine oil in the pipe to receive lower thermal load so as to prevent premature ageing of the engine oil and damage to the performance of the engine oil.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the cylinder head that is used for explosive motor.
Background technique
Explosive motor has cylinder block and cylinder head, and cylinder block and cylinder head are connected to each other and form independently cylinder, and promptly the firing chamber provides the hole to be used to connect cylinder head and cylinder block.For the purpose of assembling, cylinder block and cylinder head are provided with by the installation end face that it superposes mutually mutually in hole mode aligned with each other.And then the bolt in the hole of hole by inserting and be tightened on cylinder head and cylinder block is finished and is connected.
Cylinder block has the casing bore of corresponding number, to be used to receive piston or cylinder barrel (cylinder tube).Piston is axially directed movably in cylinder barrel, and piston forms the firing chamber of explosive motor with cylinder barrel and cylinder head.Firing chamber thereby divide and be shaped by piston, cylinder barrel and cylinder head.Usually, for sealed combustion chamber, between cylinder block and cylinder head, liner is set.
Cylinder head generally works to receive valve actuating mechanism.In order to control the change of inflation, explosive motor needs controlling component and is used for the drive unit of drive control component.In the change of inflation, the discharge of combustion gas takes place through relief opening, and the filling of firing chamber promptly sucks fresh mixture or fresh air and takes place through suction port.In order to control the change of inflation, in four-stroke engine, poppet valve uses as controlling component in fact specially, and when explosive motor during in operation, poppet valve is carried out the swing lifter motion and then opened and closed suction port and relief opening.Be used for the required gas valve executing mechanism that comprises valve self of mobile valve and be called valve actuating mechanism.
The valve actuating device comprises camshaft, and camshaft is provided with a plurality of cams.Basic difference is arranged between lower arranging cam axle and the overhead camshaft.This relates to the parting surface (parting plane) between cylinder head and the cylinder block.If camshaft is above parting surface, then it is an overhead camshaft, otherwise is lower arranging cam axle.
Overhead camshaft is installed in the cylinder head usually equally, and the valve actuating mechanism with overhead camshaft has swing arm, rocking bar or the tappet (tappet) that is used as other valve actuating mechanism parts.
The task of valve actuating mechanism is in time to open or close the suction port and the relief opening of firing chamber, purpose is to open fast big as far as possible flow cross section, with keep in inflow gas stream or the eluting gas stream closure loss lower and guarantee to make the firing chamber to obtain that fresh mixture as well as possible is filled or effectively, that is to say exhaust emissions completely.Therefore, according to prior art, the firing chamber also is equipped with two or more suction ports and relief opening day by day continually.
According to prior art, lead to the intake duct of suction port and the air outlet flue or the outlet pipe of adjacent rows gas port and be integrated in the cylinder head at least in part.In this case, the outlet pipe of the relief opening of independent cylinder is combined into the exhaust branch pipe that belongs to cylinder usually in cylinder head, these exhaust branch pipes so that in the cylinder outside by being called as the mode of manifold, usually be combined into independent overall outlet pipe.
Exhaust and then be transported to turbine and/or one or more exhaust-gas treatment system of exhaust turbine supercharger in the downstream of manifold when appropriate.
In this example, on the one hand, make great efforts to be single or multiple exhaust turbine superchargers to be set in the exhaust ports near explosive motor as far as possible, so that crucially the fast response characteristic of turbosupercharger can and then be utilized, and guarantee to the exhaust enthalpy of the thermal exhaust of being determined by exhaust pressure and delivery temperature best.On the other hand, the path of leading to the thermal exhaust of various exhaust-gas treatment systems also should be short as far as possible, so that exhaust is cooled off at short notice, exhaust-gas treatment system reaches its operating temperature or initiation temperature as early as possible, especially after the cold starting of explosive motor.
Therefore, in this respect, substantially make great efforts to be to be minimized between the relief opening of cylinder and the exhaust-gas treatment system or the thermal inertia of the part of the relief opening of cylinder and the outlet pipe between exhaust turbine supercharger or the turbine, and it can be realized by quality and the length that reduces this part.
In addition, about using turbosupercharger, purpose is to keep the pressure loss in the blast air that enters turbine low as far as possible, and this can and make the distance of bridge joint by suitable stream, i.e. the substantive as far as possible shortening of Xiang Guan outlet pipe and realizing.In order to improve response characteristic, the exhaust volume of turbine upstream should be as far as possible little.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of mentioning, in a solution according to prior art, gas exhaust manifold is integrated in the cylinder head.In addition, it is tight as far as possible that this method allows the assembling of driver element.Such cylinder head, wherein outlet pipe assembles overall outlet pipe in abutting connection with the outlet pipe of each relief opening and cylinder in cylinder head, and this also is a theme of the present utility model.
A kind of cylinder head that is used to have the explosive motor of at least two cylinders is disclosed in EP 1722090A2, described cylinder head can be connected to cylinder block on the installation end face, described at least two cylinders be arranged to row and the longitudinal axis of described at least two cylinders parallel to each other, each cylinder has at least one relief opening that is used for emitting from described cylinder exhaust in described cylinder head, outlet pipe in abutting connection with each relief opening, the outlet pipe of at least two cylinders assembles the overall outlet pipe that stretches out described cylinder head from the outer wall of described cylinder head in described cylinder head, thereby form integrated gas exhaust manifold, and be integrated in the described cylinder head and at least one directed return line on the direction of the longitudinal axis of cylinder, that is to say the cylinder head of general type, european patent application of the purpose of the cylinder head of compactness has some following shortcomings based on providing as far as possible for this.
A shortcoming of the cylinder head of describing in EP 1722090A2 especially is the setting of return line, return line is arranged on towards a side of the integrated gas exhaust manifold of cylinder and the outlet pipe that is deflated manifold and partly centers on, and brings sizable heat load for like this machine oil in reflow pipe or the reflow pipe.
Here, in all cases, provide in the face of reflow pipe between the cylinder of two vicinities, particularly in the wall that the outlet pipe of two cylinders is spaced-apart, in all cases, reflow pipe is arranged on the free end of partitioning wall, and and then takes place and thereby be subjected to easily in the zone of high heat load in the set of the outlet pipe of cylinder.
The regional high heat load of these of wall especially results from such fact, be outlet pipe assemble overall outlet pipe point continuously with the thermal exhaust effect, and, near point, the blast air of independent outlet pipe deviates to big or lesser extent, its result for because the heat transmission of convection current and and then additionally increase in the heat load that extends on the wall of point, and these zones do not provide the cooling of cylinder head.
Therefore the setting of return line is thought a shortcoming in this zone of cylinder head, because high heat load especially has adverse influence to the lubricating ability of the machine oil that will return to performance, and causes the faster aging of machine oil.
The another one shortcoming of the return line setting of describing among the EP 1722090A2 is that the design of cylinder head or integrated gas exhaust manifold is limited, especially for the alap pressure loss and as far as possible little exhaust volume, the pipeline in the cylinder head or the path of exhaust can not be optimized.Outlet pipe must be around reflow pipe, and coolant hose and bolt are arranged in the partitioning wall, has increased the volume of the length of pipe and pipe like this and has caused relative rapid the departing from of blast air.
The model utility content
Under above-mentioned background, the purpose of this utility model comprises the cylinder head that the above-mentioned general type of optimizing the aspect is set that is provided at least one return line.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following cylinder head, promptly, a kind of cylinder head that is used to have the explosive motor of at least two cylinders, described cylinder head can be connected to cylinder block on the installation end face, described at least two cylinders be arranged to row and the longitudinal axis of described at least two cylinders parallel to each other, each cylinder has at least one relief opening that is used for emitting from described cylinder exhaust in described cylinder head, outlet pipe in abutting connection with each relief opening, the outlet pipe of at least two cylinders assembles the overall outlet pipe that stretches out described cylinder head from the outer wall of described cylinder head in described cylinder head, thereby form integrated gas exhaust manifold, and be integrated in the described cylinder head and at least one directed return line on the direction of the longitudinal axis of cylinder, wherein, described at least one return line is arranged on the side towards the described integrated gas exhaust manifold that leaves described at least two cylinders.
Return line is used in this case, for example, be derived from miscellaneous part or assembly or in the crankcase ventilation process, take place lubricated in the returning of machine oil.
In according to cylinder head of the present utility model, at least one return line is arranged on the side towards the integrated gas exhaust manifold that leaves at least two cylinders, that is to say in the manifold outside, by contrast in the cylinder head of describing among the EP 1722090A2, return line is arranged on opposite side, say exactly in a side, promptly in manifold towards the integrated gas exhaust manifold of cylinder.Like this, especially work as according to preferred embodiment, when the cylinder head that has cooling in the outer wall that will be described in more detail below is provided, can make the machine oil at least one reflow pipe or the pipe be subjected to lower heat load, with the premature aging that prevents machine oil with to the damage of machine oil performance.
Setting according at least one reflow pipe of the utility model has additional advantage.Especially, provide the freedom of cylinder head or integrated gas exhaust manifold design aspect at manifold outer installment reflow pipe, it allows the optimization of purpose above-mentioned.
The outlet pipe of independent cylinder can more directly be combined into overall outlet pipe, does not promptly need to make a circulation, because it is unnecessary around the return line that provides in manifold.
On the one hand, the length of outlet pipe and then pipe volume, promptly therefore the exhaust volume of manifold reduces, and improves so that be arranged on the response characteristic of the turbine in the manifold downstream in the overall outlet pipe.The outlet pipe that shortens also produces less thermal inertia to manifold, the delivery temperature in manifold downstream increases like this, therefore the exhaust enthalpy at the turbine inlet place that provides when appropriate is also higher, and the exhaust-gas treatment system that provides in overall outlet pipe reaches the minimum operation temperature that needs when appropriate quickly.
On the other hand, outlet pipe can optimally be combined in the overall outlet pipe aspect flowing, and that is to say by this way, stands the alap pressure loss when promptly blast air is flowed through manifold.On the one hand, this increases the exhaust enthalpy in gas exhaust manifold outlet port, on the other hand, departs from owing to reduce to flow, because of convection current has reduced hot transmission.The heat transmission that reduces brings higher delivery temperature, and this has advantage as previously mentioned.
Therefore realize the utility model institute based on purpose, exactly provide the cylinder head of the general type of optimization aspect being provided with of at least one return line.
Being particularly useful for the higher exhaust gas temperature according to cylinder head of the present utility model is the boosting explosive motor of feature.
According to the utility model, described cylinder head is the explosive motor with at least two cylinders being arranged to row, the integral part that is to say in line engine, perhaps for having a plurality of cylinder group, that is to say to have a plurality of cylinder heads, its at least one cylinder head has the integral part of the explosive motor of at least two cylinders being arranged to row.In this case, the casing longitudinal axis of at least two cylinders is parallel to each other, and the statement of " parallel in fact " is only owing to still need to consider this fact of manufacturing tolerances (manufacturing tolerances).
Have for example embodiment of the cylinder head of four cylinders, wherein the outlet pipe of the outlet pipe of outside cylinder and inner casing is combined into overall outlet pipe in all cases, is according to cylinder head of the present utility model equally.
Yet the outlet pipe of all cylinders of cylinder head is combined into separate population's outlet pipe in cylinder head embodiment also is favourable.
Owing to be arranged at least one reflow pipe of gas exhaust manifold outside, also avoided under any circumstance being subjected to easily in additional punching effect (notcheffect) or the manifold reduction of mechanical strength in the zone of high pressure.
Other advantageous embodiments according to cylinder head of the present utility model below will be described.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, wherein at least one return line be arranged on the longitudinal axis that runs through outside cylinder and perpendicular to the imaginary plane of the longitudinal axis of cylinder head towards a side of leaving overall outlet pipe, the longitudinal axis of this cylinder head is connected to each other casing longitudinal axis.
According to the embodiment who is discussed, at least one return line is arranged on the fringe region of cylinder head, thereby that is to say near an Off center end face, and some advantages are provided like this.
On the one hand, this cylinder head zone is subjected to lower heat load easily, especially also because reflow pipe is longer relatively to the distance of gas exhaust manifold, and the length of promptly comparing with other embodiments.
On the other hand, the returning of this set helps the relative vehicle longitudinal axis of cylinder head when laterally installing machine oil is because (cornering) is transferred the machine oil that returns and can not influence reflow pipe in addition during turning.Like this, for example, it is lubricated to be installed in the mode that overhead camshaft in the cylinder head can be by oil lubricating, and lubricant oil excessive during turning flows through on the end face direction of cylinder head, flows through on the return line direction subsequently and is discharged from.This machine oil can be equally from crankcase ventilation system.
If laterally by cylinder head, then the embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable to machine oil on the casing longitudinal axis direction, wherein at least one return line stretches out and in a side of the cylinder head relative with end face is installed installing on the end face from cylinder head.
Yet, the embodiment of following cylinder head also is favourable, wherein at least one return line is arranged on the longitudinal axis that runs through outside cylinder and perpendicular to the side towards overall outlet pipe of the imaginary plane of the longitudinal axis of cylinder head, the longitudinal axis of this cylinder head is connected to each other casing longitudinal axis.
This is provided with and constitutes a kind of substituting, and can, for example, when the perimeter of cylinder head need be used for the structure space of miscellaneous part, use when for example being used to install the bolt of cylinder head.Yet, when cooling or cooling tube are adjacent to overall outlet pipe and provide, and need or use this cooling when reducing oil temperature, also can additionally use according to the setting of this reflow pipe of the embodiment of discussion, and advantage can be provided.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, wherein also comprises at least two return lines of the opposite side that is arranged on overall outlet pipe.Provide the advantage of more than one reflow pipe to be that the machine oil that will return needn't collect at a point of cylinder head, say so exactly in the import of single reflow pipe, because in this case, the machine oil that return is assigned to two or more pipelines.Especially ought turn as mentioned above is used to provide, and when that is to say to reflow pipe supply machine oil, the embodiment of discussion is favourable.
In addition, provide more than one reflow pipe that the possibility that the overall cross section in machine oil loop is distributed into a plurality of pipes is provided, so that independent pipe does not need to receive whole machine oil that will return, this mechanical strength for cylinder head is favourable.
Basically, at least one reflow pipe can have any desired cross section, still, and especially annular, oval, honeycombed or be polygonal cross section substantially.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, and wherein each cylinder has at least two relief openings that are used for emitting from this cylinder exhaust.As already mentioned in the specification background technique, during the exhaust emissions, main purpose is to open as early as possible big as far as possible flow cross section in the change of inflation, emits in order to ensure effective exhaust, and it is favourable therefore providing an above relief opening.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable in this example, and wherein, before the exhaust branch pipe of at least two cylinders assembled overall outlet pipe, the outlet pipe of at least two relief openings of each cylinder at first assembled the exhaust branch pipe that belongs to this cylinder.Thereby total distance of all outlet pipes shortens.
In addition, outlet pipe progressively is combined into overall outlet pipe countercylinder lid more closely, that is to say that more small-sized structure contributes, thus especially weight is reduced and engine air between more effective assembling work.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable in this example, wherein each cylinder has and is used to supply with fresh mixture at least one suction port to this cylinder, in the upstream in abutting connection with the suction tude of each suction port, and at least one additional return line that between the suction tude of the cylinder of at least two vicinities, provides.
For the setting of additional reflow pipe, the entry end of explosive motor or cylinder head provides the advantage of low temperature.
Wherein to be equipped with the embodiment of the cylinder head of liquid cooling be favourable to cylinder head.
Cylinder head with fully-integrated gas exhaust manifold is subjected to higher heat load easily than the conventional cylinder head that is equipped with external manifold, and therefore cooling must reach the needs of increase.
Basically has the possibility of carrying out cooling with the form of air cooling or liquid cooling.Because the higher in fact performance of liquid cooling, it is favourable that the cylinder head of general type is equipped with liquid cooling.
Liquid cooling needs explosive motor or cylinder head to be equipped with coolant jackets, that is to say the coolant hose of carrying through the freezing mixture of cylinder head is set.Heat is discharged into freezing mixture in cylinder head, be generally water and mix with additive.Freezing mixture is carried by the pump that is arranged in the cooling circuit in this example, so that it circulates in coolant jackets.Thereby the heat that is discharged into freezing mixture is derived cylinder head inside and is absorbed from freezing mixture once more in heat exchanger.
The utility model also provides a kind of cylinder head that is used to have the explosive motor of at least two cylinders, described cylinder head can be connected to cylinder block on the installation end face, described at least two cylinders be arranged to row and the longitudinal axis of described at least two cylinders parallel to each other, each cylinder has at least one relief opening that is used for emitting from described cylinder exhaust in described cylinder head, outlet pipe in abutting connection with each relief opening, the outlet pipe of at least two cylinders assembles the overall outlet pipe that stretches out described cylinder head from the outer wall of described cylinder head in described cylinder head, thereby form integrated gas exhaust manifold, and be integrated in the described cylinder head and at least one directed return line on the direction of the longitudinal axis of cylinder, wherein, described at least one return line is arranged on the side towards the described integrated gas exhaust manifold that leaves described at least two cylinders, coolant jackets be integrated in the cylinder head at least in part and have the outlet pipe that is arranged on integrated gas exhaust manifold and the installation end face of cylinder head between following coolant jackets, and be arranged on last coolant jackets on the side of the gas exhaust manifold relative with following coolant jackets, also be included in provide in the outer wall of the cylinder head that overall outlet pipe therefrom stretches out and with being connected that the outlet pipe of gas exhaust manifold separates as the following coolant jackets of coolant channel and at least one between the last coolant jackets, this at least one connection is adjacent to the zone setting that outlet pipe assembles overall outlet pipe.
Cylinder head has at least one connection in the cylinder head outer wall, can flow out from following coolant jackets through this connection freezing mixture to enter coolant jackets, and vice versa.Described being connected in this example is that following coolant jackets is connected to the perforation or the straight-through tube of coolant jackets, and can realize the exchange of two freezing mixtures between the coolant jackets by this mode.
As a result, cooling also occurs near the cylinder head outer wall at least one connection that freezing mixture is flowed through and is used for discharges heat.Especially, the suitable dimensions of the cross section by at least one connection is formulated, and can produce direct influence to the coolant flow speed in connection, thereby near the heat discharge at least one connects to this exerts an influence.
Therefore the embodiment of following cylinder head also is favourable, wherein descends coolant jackets and last coolant jackets to be connected to each other in the whole zone of outer wall, and still, alternatively, this at least one connection only is distributed in the part area of outer wall.As a result, the flow velocity during at least one connects can increase, like this because convection current promotes heat transmission.This also brings the advantage about the mechanical strength of cylinder head.
At least one connection is adjacent to outlet pipe and assembles overall outlet pipe and be provided with from the zone that the thermal exhaust of at least two cylinders is concentrated, and that is to say that being adjacent to the zone that cylinder head is subjected to extra high heat load easily is provided with.Its reason has a lot.
On the one hand, from the whole exhausts of at least two cylinders through the point in the vent systems, yet in abutting connection with the independent outlet pipe of cylinder block gas port only with exhaust or part scavenging action from a cylinder.That is to say, emit here or can discharges heat be maximum to the absolute magnitude of the exhaust of cylinder head.
On the other hand, outlet pipe assembles the zone and the thermal exhaust continuous action of overall outlet pipe, yet for example in the four-journey explosive motor, only during the inflation of cylinder changes separately, that is to say that flow of hot exhaust is through the outlet pipe of cylinder in case between two crankshaft rotating.
In addition, should remember to that is to say zone that the blast air of independent outlet pipe should depart from for more or less degree so that outlet pipe can assemble common overall outlet pipe at point at the inflow region of overall outlet pipe.Therefore, in this zone, independent blast air has at least in part the velocity component perpendicular to exhaust wall, so additionally increase because the heat transmission of convection current, thereby, increase the heat load of cylinder head.
Owing to reason above-mentioned, therefore, being adjacent to zone that outlet pipe assembles overall outlet pipe, at least one connection is set is favourable.
Cooling according to the embodiment's who discusses cylinder head is very effective, and therefore can omit other measure, and for example, according to EP 1722090A2, the refueling measure (greasing) that purpose is to reduce the empty burning mixt of delivery temperature can omit.This proof is especially favourable for the fuel consumption and the emission performance of explosive motor.In addition, freer to the control of explosive motor, because the refueling measure that reduces delivery temperature or protect cylinder head to avoid heat load when the operation explosive motor will no longer need to be considered.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, and wherein at least one connection is completely integrated in the outer wall.This embodiment limits about the structural form of cylinder head, wherein is provided for freezing mixture is supplied to and discharges the port (port) of coolant jackets and following coolant jackets in outer wall.In this example, in the manufacturing framework of cylinder head, at least one connects possibility and perfect, simultaneously, and towards opening of external wall, for example in order to remove core.And then, yet according to the scheme of being discussed, the cylinder head of finishing has at least one connection that is completely integrated in the outer wall.
Basically, also can implement the embodiment of following cylinder head, wherein freezing mixture supply or cryogen discharge occur in the zone of at least one connection, and for this purpose, conduit stretches out from least one connection branch and from outer wall.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, wherein at least one connection and the totally spacing between the outlet pipe, the i.e. spacing that causes by the distance between the wall of the wall of overall outlet pipe and connection, less than the diameter of cylinder, preferably less than cylinder diameter half or 1/4th.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, wherein also comprises at least two connections of the opposite side that is arranged on overall outlet pipe.Near at least two connections the outer wall be symmetrical arranged considered generally also symmetric design of the air outlet duct system that is integrated in the cylinder head.Therefore the corresponding mutually design of vent systems and cooling also guarantees the temperature distribution of symmetry in the cylinder head.
Have in the cylinder head of at least two relief openings at cylinder, following embodiment is favourable, wherein descend at least one connection between coolant jackets and the last coolant jackets additionally between at least two outlet pipes of at least one cylinder, to be provided, and separate with these outlet pipes.And then can implement to be close to the cooling of relief opening, when considering that exhaust has maximum temperature when leaving cylinder, this is favourable.
Before the exhaust branch pipe of at least two cylinders assembles overall outlet pipe, the outlet pipe of at least two relief openings of each cylinder at first assembles in the cylinder head of the exhaust branch pipe that belongs to this cylinder, following embodiment is favourable, wherein descend at least one connection between coolant jackets and the last coolant jackets additionally between the exhaust branch pipe of at least two contiguous cylinders, to provide, and separate with these exhaust branch pipes.
Generally, in the fork-shaped set of exhaust branch pipe, the wall thickness of the wall that exhaust branch pipe is spaced-apart narrows down, so this wall especially is subjected to high heat load easily in the zone that collective entity takes place.Therefore be provided for the connection of heat discharge, that is to say that cooling duct is favourable.Identical consideration and relation also are used for the embodiment of cylinder head above-mentioned, and wherein descending between coolant jackets and the last coolant jackets at least one to be connected between the outlet pipe of at least one cylinder provides.
Yet it also is favourable that each cylinder has the embodiment of cylinder head who is used for emitting from this cylinder the relief opening of exhaust.
The embodiment of following cylinder head is favourable, and wherein descending between coolant jackets and the last coolant jackets at least one to connect additionally between the outlet pipe of the cylinder of at least two vicinities provides, and separates with these outlet pipes.
It is favourable using one cylinder head in the above-mentioned type of mentioning, especially in boosting explosive motor, because boosting explosive motor is subjected to extra high heat load easily, therefore the heat load aspect that reduces to be included in the machine oil in the pipeline according to being arranged on of at least one return line of the utility model is especially favourable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates first embodiment's of cylinder head cross section.
Fig. 2 illustrates the top view of slight inclination of the core of outlet pipe integrated among second embodiment of cylinder head.
Fig. 3 illustrates second embodiment's of the perspective view of core shown in Figure 2 and cylinder head coolant jackets.
Fig. 4 illustrates second embodiment's of cylinder head perspective view.
Reference character
1 cylinder head
2 cylinders
The 2a outside cylinder
The 2b inner casing
3 relief openings
3a first relief opening
3b second relief opening
4 outlet pipes
The 4a downtake pipe
The 4b second exhaust pipe
5 exhaust branch pipes
6 overall outlet pipes
7 gas exhaust manifolds
8 return lines, reflow pipe
9 collection area, point
10 install end face
11 outer walls
12 suction ports
12a first suction port
12b second suction port
13 suction tude
14 casing longitudinal axis
The 15 cylinder head longitudinal axis
16 imaginary plane
17 coolant jackets
Coolant jackets under the 17a
The last coolant jackets of 17b
18 connect
19 inlets
20 cores
21 flanges
22 optionally connect
Embodiment
Below will be in more detail the utility model be described by embodiment according to two examples of Fig. 1-4.
Fig. 1 diagrammatically illustrates can be at first embodiment's that the cylinder head 1 that is connected to cylinder block on the end face is installed cross section.
Cylinder head 1 shown in Figure 1 has the cylinder 2 that 4 longitudinal axis 15 along cylinder head 1 are arranged to row, that is, and and two outside cylinder 2a and two inner casing 2b.The longitudinal axis 14 of cylinder 2 is parallel to each other.Therefore be the cylinder head 1 of 4-cylinder engine in upright arrangement in the present example.
Each cylinder 2 has the suction port 12 that is used to supply with fresh mixture, and its upstream is in abutting connection with suction tude 13.In order to emit exhaust from cylinder 2, each cylinder 2 is equipped with relief opening 3, in abutting connection with the outlet pipe 4 of each relief opening 3.
In each example the outlet pipe 4 of the outlet pipe 4 of outside cylinder 2a and contiguous inner casing 2b be combined into 5, two exhaust branch pipes 5 of exhaust branch pipe and then, that is to say in the downstream, assemble the common overall outlet pipe 6 that stretches out from the outer wall 11 of cylinder head 1.Thereby cylinder head shown in Figure 11 has fully-integrated gas exhaust manifold 7.
Two return lines 8 are integrated cylinder head 1 shown in advancing, return line 8 are directed and be arranged on a side towards the integrated gas exhaust manifold 7 that leaves cylinder 2 on the direction of casing longitudinal axis 14 in fact.Two return lines 8 have oval cross section and are positioned at the opposite side of overall outlet pipe 6.
In this example, each return line 8 be arranged on the longitudinal axis 14 that runs through outside cylinder 2a imaginary plane 16 towards a side of leaving overall outlet pipe 6.Imaginary plane 16 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of cylinder head 1.
The setting of illustrated return line 8 especially provides some advantages when cylinder head 1 is laterally installed with respect to the vehicle longitudinal axis, because during turning the machine oil that returns is transferred and does not influence reflow pipe 8 in addition.
Fig. 2 illustrates the outlet pipe 4a among second embodiment who is integrated in cylinder head, 4b, and the top view of the slight inclination of 5,6 core 20, therefore, substantially, Fig. 2 also illustrates the outlet pipe 4a that is integrated in the cylinder head, 4b, 5,6 system, therefore also write down outlet pipe 4a, 4b, 5,6 reference character.
The outlet pipe 4a of each cylinder, 4b assemble the exhaust branch pipe 5 that belongs to this cylinder, and exhaust branch pipe 5 that is to say subsequently in the downstream, assembles common overall outlet pipe 6 once more.
Optionally connect 22 and help the point 9 of high heat load to cool off, all the blast air of cylinders is concentrated at point 9, that is to say and converges.Whole blast airs of explosive motor that is to say the collection area 9 of exhaust branch pipe 5 through this point 9, and exhaust branch pipe 5 assembles overall outlet pipe 6 herein.
And then connect 18 (shown in a loop wire ellipse) as two between the following coolant jackets of coolant channel and the last coolant jackets and in the outer wall of the cylinder head that overall outlet pipe 6 therefrom stretches out, provide.
Fig. 3 illustrates the perspective view of core shown in Figure 2 20, and second embodiment's of cylinder head coolant jackets 17.
Provide in the outer wall of the cylinder head that overall outlet pipe 6 therefrom stretches out as the following coolant jackets 17a of coolant channel and two connections 18 between the last coolant jackets 17b.
Following coolant jackets 17a and last coolant jackets 17b are not connected to each other on the whole zone of outer wall, but only connect in the part area of outer wall, are adjacent to overall outlet pipe 6 particularly.
Thereby two connections 18 are adjacent to the zone setting that exhaust branch pipe 5 assembles overall outlet pipe 6, that is to say the zone that is subjected to extra high heat load at cylinder head easily.
From the whole blast airs of explosive motor through the point with the thermal exhaust continuous action, the exhaust branch pipe 5 of cylinder yet thermal exhaust is only flowed through provisionally.In addition, blast air departs near point.
Even two connect 18 and also allow cooling near the outer wall of cylinder head, the longitudinal flow that forms in following coolant jackets 17a and last coolant jackets 17b is replenished by two freezing mixture streams with respect to the longitudinal flow lateral flow on the direction of the longitudinal axis of cylinder head.
Casting removes core 20 behind the cylinder head, overall outlet pipe 6 and be connected 18 near be provided at two of closing after removing core 20 and enter the mouth 19 be completely integrated in the outer wall so that connect 18.
Also each cylinder not only has two relief opening 3a as can be seen, 3b, and have two suction port 12a, 12b.
Fig. 4 illustrates second embodiment's of cylinder head 1 perspective view, particularly from following, that is to say installation end face 10 and suction port 12a from cylinder, the perspective view when 12b sees.
Can see bandy outer wall 11, wherein the outlet of the overall outlet pipe 6 of cylinder head 1 is arranged on the center, and flange 21 is provided, and the outlet pipe that discharges exhaust from cylinder head 1 is fastened to this flange 21.
Claims (10)
1. cylinder head (1) that is used to have the explosive motor of at least two cylinders (2), described cylinder head (1) can be connected to cylinder block on installation end face (10), described at least two cylinders (2) be arranged to row and the longitudinal axis (14) of described at least two cylinders (2) parallel to each other, each cylinder (2) has at least one relief opening (3 that is used for emitting from described cylinder (2) exhaust in described cylinder head (1), 3a, 3b)
In abutting connection with each relief opening (3,3a, outlet pipe 3b) (4,4a, 4b),
The outlet pipe of at least two cylinders (2) (4,4a 4b) assembles the overall outlet pipe (6) that stretches out described cylinder head (1) from the outer wall (11) of described cylinder head (1), thereby forms integrated gas exhaust manifold (7) in described cylinder head (1), and
Be integrated in the described cylinder head (1) and on the direction of the longitudinal axis (14) of cylinder directed at least one return line (8),
It is characterized in that,
Described at least one return line (8) is arranged on the side towards the described integrated gas exhaust manifold (7) that leaves described at least two cylinders (2).
2. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, described at least one return line (8) be arranged on run through outside cylinder (2, longitudinal axis 2a) (14) and perpendicular to the imaginary plane (16) of the longitudinal axis (15) of described cylinder head (1) towards a side of leaving described overall outlet pipe (6).
3. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, described at least one return line (8) be arranged on run through outside cylinder (2, longitudinal axis 2a) (14) and perpendicular to the side towards described overall outlet pipe (6) of the imaginary plane (16) of the longitudinal axis (15) of described cylinder head (1).
4. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, also comprises at least two return lines (8) of the opposite side that is arranged on described overall outlet pipe (6).
5. cylinder head as claimed in claim 4 (1) is characterized in that, each cylinder (2) have be used for from described cylinder (2) emit exhaust at least two relief openings (3a, 3b).
6. cylinder head as claimed in claim 5 (1), it is characterized in that, exhaust branch pipe (5) at least two cylinders (2) assembles described overall outlet pipe (6) before, at least two relief opening (3a of each cylinder (2), (4a 4b) at first assembles the exhaust branch pipe (5) that belongs to described cylinder (2) to outlet pipe 3b).
7. cylinder head as claimed in claim 6 (1), it is characterized in that, each cylinder (2) have be used to supply with fresh mixture at least one suction port of described cylinder (2) (12,12a, 12b), in the upstream in abutting connection with each suction port (12,12a, (13,13a is 13b) and in the suction tude (13 of the cylinder (2) of at least two vicinities for suction tude 12b), 13a, return line (8) that at least one that provides between 13b) is additional.
8. cylinder head (1) that is used to have the explosive motor of at least two cylinders (2), described cylinder head (1) can be connected to cylinder block on installation end face (10), described at least two cylinders (2) be arranged to row and the longitudinal axis (14) of described at least two cylinders (2) parallel to each other, each cylinder (2) has at least one relief opening (3 that is used for emitting from described cylinder (2) exhaust in described cylinder head (1), 3a, 3b)
In abutting connection with each relief opening (3,3a, outlet pipe 3b) (4,4a, 4b),
The outlet pipe of at least two cylinders (2) (4,4a 4b) assembles the overall outlet pipe (6) that stretches out described cylinder head (1) from the outer wall (11) of described cylinder head (1), thereby forms integrated gas exhaust manifold (7) in described cylinder head (1), and
Be integrated in the described cylinder head (1) and on the direction of the longitudinal axis (14) of cylinder directed at least one return line (8),
It is characterized in that,
Described at least one return line, (8) be arranged on towards leaving described at least two cylinders, (2) described integrated gas exhaust manifold, (7) a side, coolant jackets, (17) be integrated in described cylinder head at least in part, (1) in, described coolant jackets, (17) have and be arranged on described integrated gas exhaust manifold, (7) outlet pipe, (4,4a, 4b, 5,6) and described cylinder head, (1) installation end face, (10) the following coolant jackets between, (17a), and be arranged on and following coolant jackets, (17a) relative gas exhaust manifold, (7) the last coolant jackets on the side, (17b)
Also be included in provide in the outer wall (11) of the described cylinder head (1) that described overall outlet pipe (6) therefrom stretches out and with the outlet pipe (4 of described gas exhaust manifold (7), 4a, 4b, 5,6) separate as the following coolant jackets (17a) of coolant channel and at least one connection (18) between the last coolant jackets (17b), described at least one connection (18) be adjacent to described outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b, 5) zone (9) that assembles described overall outlet pipe (6) is provided with.
9. cylinder head as claimed in claim 8 (1) is characterized in that, described at least one connection (18) is completely integrated in the described outer wall (11).
10. cylinder head (1) as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that, spacing between described at least one connection (18) and the described overall outlet pipe (6) is less than half of the diameter of cylinder (2), and also comprises at least two connections (18) of the opposite side that is arranged on described overall outlet pipe (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810035957 DE102008035957B4 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2008-07-31 | Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102008035957.2 | 2008-07-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201486674U true CN201486674U (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201624863U Expired - Lifetime CN201486674U (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2009-07-30 | Cylinder cover for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201486674U (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008035957B4 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107795404A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Three cylinder covers for the special EGR internal combustion engines including two ports |
| CN108547703A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-18 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of car engine cooling water jacket structure of integrated exhaust manifold |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2532869B1 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2023-09-13 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC | Combustion engine with four cylinders arranged in a row |
| EP2626531A1 (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2013-08-14 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC | Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and method to operate such a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| DE202012104300U1 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2012-12-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | A four-cylinder engine with two deactivatable cylinders |
| DE102012200014A1 (en) * | 2012-01-02 | 2013-07-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine and method for operating such a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| DE102012020381B4 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2019-10-10 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold |
| JP6139463B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2017-05-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| CN105275657B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2018-03-23 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Integral cylinder cover of diesel engine with parallel air valves |
| FR3074537B1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2021-09-10 | Renault Sas | CYLINDER HEAD OF A MOTOR VEHICLE INCLUDING AN INTEGRATED EXHAUST MANIFOLD |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2709815B2 (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1998-02-04 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Cylinder head structure of turbocharged engine |
| US5852992A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 1998-12-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Internal combuston engine having separated cylinder head oil drains and crankcase ventilation passages |
| EP1722090B1 (en) | 1998-12-01 | 2013-07-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cylinder head structure in multi-cylinder engine |
| US7051685B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2006-05-30 | General Motors Corporation | Cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold |
| US7367294B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2008-05-06 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Cylinder head with integral tuned exhaust manifold |
| JP4306718B2 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2009-08-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | cylinder head |
-
2008
- 2008-07-31 DE DE200810035957 patent/DE102008035957B4/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-07-30 CN CN2009201624863U patent/CN201486674U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107795404A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Three cylinder covers for the special EGR internal combustion engines including two ports |
| CN108547703A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-18 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of car engine cooling water jacket structure of integrated exhaust manifold |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008035957A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
| DE102008035957B4 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
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