CN201477076U - Train wheel defect detection device adopting phased array probes - Google Patents
Train wheel defect detection device adopting phased array probes Download PDFInfo
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- CN201477076U CN201477076U CN2009201765537U CN200920176553U CN201477076U CN 201477076 U CN201477076 U CN 201477076U CN 2009201765537 U CN2009201765537 U CN 2009201765537U CN 200920176553 U CN200920176553 U CN 200920176553U CN 201477076 U CN201477076 U CN 201477076U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a train wheel defect detection device adopting phased array probes. An ultrasonic phased array probe is connected on a probe frame which is connected with a control mechanism, the phased array probes are placed on a wheel set tread, the lower part of the wheel set tread is placed on a top wheel and a rotary wheel of a top and rotary wheel device, the ultrasonic phased array probe is connected with a data processing and control computer, two phased array probes are provided, a left probe and a right probe are far away from a wheel flange in equal distance and have an axial distance of 0-10mm with a wheel rolling circle, the arc length between the left probe and the right probe on the wheel rolling circle is 220-400mm, the angle of the axes of the left probe and the right probe is equal to the torsional angle of the wheel rolling circle surface, and the torsional angle is 0-30 degrees. The train wheel defect detection device can online automatically detect the wheel spoke defects from the tread and has the advantages of high detection efficiency, accurate detection result, simple structure and convenient use and operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of train wheel spoke zone UT (Ultrasonic Testing) pick-up unit.
Background technology
Wheel is the critical component that comprises the train walking system of motor train unit, and its basic structure comprises as shown in Figure 1: wheel rim 63, tread 64, wheel rim 62, spoke 61, plate hole 611, wheel hub 60.The crackle on the internal state of wheel 6 and surface is directly connected to traffic safety.The quick construction of the great development of railway speed increase and EMU is had higher requirement to the quality of wheel.For avoiding defective wheel when moving, to have an accident, guarantee the safety of train driving, need detect a flaw to rim for automobile wheel and spoke part.Simultaneously, for improving the efficiency of operation of bullet train, require the rim for automobile wheel spoke is not dismantled the right online detection (flaw detection) of wheel.The wheel flaw detection is ultrasound examination than effective method at present, its principle is: if medium is defectives (gas is arranged in the defective) such as pore, crackle, layering are arranged in the wheel or to be mingled with, ultrasonic propagation to medium and defective at the interface the time, will all or part ofly reflect.The ultrasound wave that the reflects reception of being popped one's head in can be judged the degree of depth, position and the shape of defective at workpiece according to the variation characteristic of waveform.The UT (Ultrasonic Testing) advantage be detect that thickness is big, highly sensitive, speed is fast, cost is low, harmless, can position and quantitatively, be fit to the nondestructive examination of rim and spoke defective.
Because the distance of rim for automobile wheel 62 partial distance treads 64 is less, and structural difference is little, thus the flaw detection of wheel rim 62 parts compare with the spoke zone easier; And spoke 61 regional structures are complicated and far away from tread 64 surface distances, and it is big to detect the whole spoke 61 regional probe quantity that need, and strict to the probe layout, the space constraint of especially online detection is bigger.The simple effective ways that on-line automaticization detection is carried out in present still unmatchful spoke 61 zones.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model just provides a kind of train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe, this device can be from the defective of on-line automaticization detection wheel spoke zone each point on the tread, the detection efficiency height, and testing result is accurate, and it is simple in structure, uses easy to operate.
The utility model is realized its goal of the invention, and the technical scheme that is adopted is, a kind of train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe, and its design feature is:
Be connected with ultrasonic phased array probe on the probe bracket that control gear links to each other, phased array probe places on the right tread of wheel, the bottom of wheel tread places on the top wheel and runner of top rotary wheel device; Ultrasonic phased array probe links to each other with data processing and control computer.
Phased array probe has left and right two, and left side probe and right probe be equidistantly away from wheel rim, and with the axial distance of wheel rolling circle be 0～10mm; Apart the arc length on the wheel rolling circle of left side probe and right probe is 220～600mm; Left side probe is identical with the windup-degree of wheel rolling disc with the axis of right probe, and this windup-degree is 0～30 degree.
The course of work of the present utility model and principle of work are:
Utilize the top rotary wheel device will take turns, by control gear probe bracket is placed on the right tread of wheel again, thereby make phased array probe be distributed on the tread of wheel by desired location the jack-up that makes progress; The top rotary wheel device drives runner and rotates, and driven wheel is to making circular motion with respect to probe.After finishing wheel tread surface moistening, the disposable automatically defects detection of finishing spoke zone different depth, different directions of phased array probe, the principle of work of its Ultrasonic Detection is as follows:
Each ultrasonic phased array probe is made up of a plurality of array elements, and during work, data processing and control computer be according to how much path differences, calculates the required delay time of each array element pumping signal that the emission acoustic beam that can make each array element focuses at focus point.With each array element of sequential energisation time delay of this setting, make each array element launch ultrasound wave successively again, strengthen, weaken with the exterior domain stack at convergence point, even offset in the convergence point place coherence stack of setting by the time-delay rule of setting.Collectiong focusing and above-mentioned emission are focused to reciprocal process, observing identical geometric focusing delay rule is that each array element receives detection of echoes signal, postpone according to identical focal time retardation, signal summation after by data processing and control computer each being postponed, as the detection of echoes signal, this detection signal is mainly near the echoed signal focus and the focus, and the outer echoed signal of focal zone then weakens even offsets, thereby realizes collectiong focusing; So promptly finish near the carrying out flaw detection focus point and the focus.By deflection conversion, can realize scanning carrying out flaw detection to the wheel diverse location to focus point.
The probe that a left side of the present utility model probe and right probe are formed is to there being following two kinds of working methods:
Mode one: the detection of circumferential defect
Popping one's head in a left side, first transmits, another received signal with right spy.When having circumferential defect in the wheel spoke, transmitting when propagating into this circumferential defect of one side, because this defective is to hyperacoustic inhibition, ultrasound wave will be an axis of symmetry with the radius of wheel in the middle of left side probe and the right probe, to the opposite side reflection, and received by the probe of opposite side.Therefore, can detect circumferential defect in the wheel spoke under this kind mode.Simultaneously, because the emission focus point and the collectiong focusing point of two probes are set on the axis of symmetry of two probes, promptly the radius of wheel of two probe middles also is on the detection radius, the focus point of probe changes about data processing and control computer control, can realize on this radius from the wheel circle centre position to spoke and the scanning probe of the circumferential defect of wheel rim intersection, after wheel rotated a circle, the circumferential defect scanning that can finish whole spoke zone detected.And because the RX path of the transmission path of a probe and another probe is positioned at the both sides and the direct detection radius of detection radius, avoid being positioned at width of cloth hole on the detection radius to the reflection blocking of detection signal, can realize the detection of the defective between the width of cloth hole and the wheel center of circle on the detection radius effectively.
Because left side probe and right probe are equidistantly away from wheel rim, and with the axial distance of wheel rolling circle be 0～10mm, and the adjustment of the windup-degree of cooperation left side probe and right axis of popping one's head in and wheel rolling disc, the groove and the curve former that make its reflected signal and received signal also can avoid spoke wheel rim intersection cave in stopping of place, and realize the effective detection to groove and curve former below defective.
Mode two: the radially detection of defective
Left side probe and right probe had all not only transmitted but also received signal.When the direction of defective in the wheel spoke and transmit direction were perpendicular, this defective was generally radially or near radially defective, at this moment, the signal of probe emission will be received along the identical same probe of path reflected back.Data processing and control computer are by setting and adjust the emission and the collectiong focusing point of two probes, can realize the spoke zone radially or near the scanning probe of radially defective, after wheel rotated a circle, the radially defective scanning that can finish whole spoke zone detected.
Equally, pop one's head in a left side and right the probe also cooperates the adjustment of the left side probe and the windup-degree of right axis of popping one's head in and wheel rolling disc with the axial distance of wheel rolling circle by adjusting, the groove and the curve former that make its signal also can avoid spoke wheel rim intersection cave in stopping of place, and realize the effective detection to groove and curve former below defective.
More than two kinds of working methods can carry out separately, also can hocket, thereby realize in the whole spoke zone circumferentially and/or the radially detection of defective.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
One, adopt common ultrasonic probe to carry out, numerous probe that needs to distribute detects, and is subjected to the constraint in online detection space, and its preparation installation difficulty is very big.And the utility model only need on the tread of wheel with probe bracket fixing about two phased array transducers, to take turns jack-up with the top rotary wheel device, utilize the deflection and the focusing of phased array probe, online, automatically realize the scanning of wheel spoke zone each point is detected, required probe quantity is few, simple in structure, it is little to take up room, the online detection of convenient enforcement.
Because the detection signal that the phased array probe reception is handled is the signal in focal spot, its signal intensity also is higher than the signal intensity of ordinary ultrasonic probe far above the signal intensity of non-focusing point, so the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) height of its detection signal, the precision height of testing result, good reliability.
Two, adopt left and right probe to transmit and receive signal respectively from the detection radius both sides respectively, avoid being positioned at width of cloth hole on the detection radius to the reflection blocking of detection signal, can realize the detection of the circumferential defect between the width of cloth hole and the wheel center of circle on the detection radius effectively.Left and right probe internal loopback signal simultaneously also can effectively be realized radially or near the radially detection of defective.And because left side probe and right probe are equidistantly away from wheel rim, and with the distance of the 0～10mm of axially being separated by of wheel rolling circle, simultaneously also can be by the adjustment of probe about reversing with the windup-degree of rolling circle, the utility model can be avoided the groove of spoke wheel rim intersection and curve former and caves in the place to the stopping of detection signal like this, can be to effective detection of the defective of groove and curve former below and curve former different depth.Therefore, the utility model realized in the prior art can't detect the detection of the defective at position.
Above-mentioned phased array probe also has probe in, and probe is between left and right probe in this.
In the ultrasonic emitting path and the RX path of probe all overlapping with the detection radius direction, can the liftoff detection wheel rim of low coverage, wheel rim and spoke intersection circumferential or near circumferential defect; Simultaneously it can detect in the spoke zone, plate hole upper area and do not have circumferential defect on the detection radius that plate hole stops.Make this device can more fully detect the defective of wheel spoke and wheel rim.
The array element number of the array energy transducer of above-mentioned left, center, right probe is 16～128 wafers.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional structure synoptic diagram of wheel.
Fig. 2 is that the utility model embodiment is operated in mode structural representation and detection schematic diagram for the moment.
Fig. 3 be the utility model embodiment when being operated in mode two structural representation and detect schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the plan structure synoptic diagram that the utility model embodiment does not draw probe bracket.
Fig. 5 is the center probe of the utility model embodiment detects section to the wheel fault of straight line former focusing, a scanning synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the right side (left side) probe of the utility model embodiment detects section to the wheel fault of straight line former focusing, a scanning synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the right side (left side) probe of the utility model embodiment detects section to the wheel fault of curve former focusing, a scanning synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Fig. 2,3,4 illustrates, a kind of embodiment of the present utility model is: a kind of train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe, be connected with ultrasonic phased array probe on the probe bracket that links to each other with control gear 56 of this equipment, phased array probe places on the tread 64 of two right wheels 6 of wheel, and the bottom of wheel tread 64 places on the top wheel 91 and runner 92 of top rotary wheel device; Ultrasonic phased array probe links to each other with data processing and control computer.
Phased array probe has left and right two 11,12, and left side probe 11 and right probe 12 lay respectively at the left side and the right side of wheel 6 vertical diameters, and the two apart arc length on wheel rolling circle 69 is 220～600mm; And left side probe 11 and right probe 12 are positioned on the tread 64 away from a side of wheel rim 63, equate with the axial distance of wheel rolling circle 69, are 0～10mm; The array direction of left side probe 11 and right probe 12 is identical with the windup-degree α of wheel rolling circle 69, and this windup-degree α is 0～30 degree.
Fig. 2,3,4 illustrates, and this routine phased array probe also has in one pops one's head in 13, and probe 13 is between left and right probe 11,12 in this.
The array element number of the array energy transducer of left, center, right probe 11,13,12 is 16～128 wafers.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 also show left and right probe 11,12 and are operated in mode is carried out circumferential defect 70 detections for the moment to wheel spoke 61 principle.Among the figure, left side probe 11 and 12 1 of right probes transmit, another received signal.When having circumferential defect 70 in wheel 6 spokes 61, transmitting when propagating into this circumferential defect 70 of one side, because 70 pairs of hyperacoustic inhibitions of this defective, ultrasound wave will with a left side pop one's head in 11 and right probe 12 in the middle of radius of wheel 80 be axis of symmetry, to the opposite side reflection, and received by the probe of opposite side.Therefore, can detect circumferential defect 70 in the wheel spoke 61 under this kind mode.Simultaneously, because the emission focus point and the collectiong focusing point of two probes 11,12 are set on the axis of symmetry of two probes, promptly the radius of wheel 80 of two probe middles also is on the detection radius 80, the focus point of probe changes about data processing and control computer control, can realize on this radius 80 from circle centre position to spoke 61 with the scanning probe of the circumferential defect 70 of wheel rim 62 intersections, when wheel 6 under the driving of top rotary wheel device, after rotating a circle, the scanning that can finish whole spoke 61 regional circumferential defects 70 detects.And because the RX path of the transmission path of a probe and another probe is positioned at the both sides and the direct detection radius 80 of detection radius 80, avoid being positioned at the reflection blocking of the 611 pairs of detection signals in width of cloth hole on the detection radius 80, can realize the detection of the defective between the width of cloth hole 611 and wheel 6 centers of circle on the detection radius 80 effectively.
The principle of when left and right probe 11,12 is operated in mode two wheel spoke 61 being carried out defects detection 71 radially is referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 1: left side probe 11 and right probe 12 had all not only transmitted but also received signal.When radially the direction of defective 71 and transmit direction were perpendicular in the wheel spoke 61, the signals of probe 11 or 12 emissions will be along the same probe 11 of identical path reflected back or 12 and be received.Data processing and control computer are by setting and adjust the emission angle A and the focus point of two probes 11 and 12, can realize spoke 61 zones radially or near the scanning probe of radially radially defective 71, after wheel 6 rotated a circle, radially defective 71 scannings that can finish whole spoke 61 zones detected.
Fig. 5 illustrates, probe place wheel 6 radial directions in each array element edge of the array energy transducer of middle probe 13, trigger successively and be transmitted in the wheel 6 with same depth of focus (length), can cover spoke 61, spoke 61 wheel rims 62 handing-over zones, and do not detected on the radius of place by the circumferential defect in spoke 61 zones of spoke hole 61 stop portions.
Fig. 6 illustrates, and utilizes left and right probe 11,12 can detect ordinary ultrasonic probe and is difficult to detected defective, for example straight wheel plate groove structure below defective 73.Fig. 7 illustrates, and utilizes the defective 74 that left and right probe 11,12 can detection curve disc pull place.
Claims (3)
1. train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe is characterized in that:
The probe bracket that links to each other with control gear is connected with ultrasonic phased array probe on (56), and phased array probe places on the tread of two right wheels of wheel, and the bottom of wheel tread places on the top wheel (91) and runner (92) of top rotary wheel device; Ultrasonic phased array probe links to each other with data processing and control computer;
Described phased array probe has left and right two (11,12), and left side probe (11) and right probe (12) lay respectively at the left side and the right side of wheel 6 vertical diameters, and the two apart arc length on wheel rolling round 69 is 220～600mm; And left side probe (11) and right probe (12) are positioned on the tread 64 away from a side of wheel rim 63, equate with the axial distance of wheel rolling round 69, are 0～10mm; The array direction of left side probe (11) and right probe (12) is identical with the windup-degree (α) of wheel rolling circle 69, and this windup-degree (α) is 0～30 degree.
2. a kind of train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described phased array probe also has probe (13) in, and probe (13) is positioned between the left and right probe (11,12) in this.
3. a kind of train wheel defect detecting device that adopts phased array probe as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the array element number of the array energy transducer of described left, center, right probes (11,13,12) is 16～128 wafers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201765537U CN201477076U (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2009-09-03 | Train wheel defect detection device adopting phased array probes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009201765537U CN201477076U (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2009-09-03 | Train wheel defect detection device adopting phased array probes |
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| CN201477076U true CN201477076U (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101639463B (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-01-19 | 北京主导时代科技有限公司 | Locomotive car wheel fault detecting device based on phased array probe |
| CN102269660A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-12-07 | 成都主导科技有限责任公司 | Online rotating wheel jacking device |
| CN104792881A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 广州多浦乐电子科技有限公司 | Wheel-type probe for ultrasonic phased array detection of train wheel set |
| CN105158336A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-16 | 中国石油天然气第一建设公司 | Multifunctional ultrasonic phased array pipeline circumferential weld detection equipment |
| CN106290573A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of train wheel flaw detection carrying roller |
| CN111060600A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-24 | 天津大学 | Sound beam focusing time delay control method for ultrasonic phased array imaging in pipeline |
| CN111595274A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for rapidly detecting depth of full circumferential cracks at bottom of V-shaped groove of profile steel roller |
-
2009
- 2009-09-03 CN CN2009201765537U patent/CN201477076U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101639463B (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-01-19 | 北京主导时代科技有限公司 | Locomotive car wheel fault detecting device based on phased array probe |
| CN102269660A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-12-07 | 成都主导科技有限责任公司 | Online rotating wheel jacking device |
| CN102269660B (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2014-04-30 | 成都主导科技有限责任公司 | Online rotating wheel jacking device |
| CN104792881A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 广州多浦乐电子科技有限公司 | Wheel-type probe for ultrasonic phased array detection of train wheel set |
| CN105158336A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-16 | 中国石油天然气第一建设公司 | Multifunctional ultrasonic phased array pipeline circumferential weld detection equipment |
| CN105158336B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-12-22 | 中国石油天然气第一建设有限公司 | A kind of multifunction supersonic phased array pipeline girth weld detection device |
| CN106290573A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of train wheel flaw detection carrying roller |
| CN106290573B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2023-03-31 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Bearing roller for train wheel is detected a flaw |
| CN111595274A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-28 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for rapidly detecting depth of full circumferential cracks at bottom of V-shaped groove of profile steel roller |
| CN111595274B (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2022-03-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for rapidly detecting depth of full circumferential cracks at bottom of V-shaped groove of profile steel roller |
| CN111060600A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-24 | 天津大学 | Sound beam focusing time delay control method for ultrasonic phased array imaging in pipeline |
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Granted publication date: 20100519 Effective date of abandoning: 20090903 |