CN201476636U - Improved waste heat boiler - Google Patents

Improved waste heat boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201476636U
CN201476636U CN2009202088204U CN200920208820U CN201476636U CN 201476636 U CN201476636 U CN 201476636U CN 2009202088204 U CN2009202088204 U CN 2009202088204U CN 200920208820 U CN200920208820 U CN 200920208820U CN 201476636 U CN201476636 U CN 201476636U
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China
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
pressure
bearing
type heat
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN2009202088204U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张西原
刘磊
杨朝阳
李挺
李智勇
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SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING CONSULTING CO LTD
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SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING CONSULTING CO LTD
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an improved waste heat boiler which comprises a tube header, a plurality of U-shaped heat exchange tubes and a bearing pressure tube plate for fixing the U-shaped heat exchange tube in the tube header along the axial direction of the tube header; and the U-shaped heat exchange tubes are arranged in the tube header in a fountain spraying or intercrossing manner. The utility model improves the arrangement mode of the heat exchange tubes aiming at a shell and tube waste heat boiler with greater temperature difference between a tube side inlet and a tube side outlet, thereby reducing the temperature difference stress generated in the tube header and the tube plate, resulting in more uniform distribution of stress therein, and prolonging the service life of the tube plate.

Description

Improved waste heat boiler
Technical field
The utility model relates to the technical field of shell-and-tube waste heat boiler, particularly a kind of improved waste heat boiler.
Background technology
In technological processes such as carbon monodixe conversion, synthetic ammonia, the conversion gas that exports out from reactor bottom, the temperature of synthesis gas (following general designation reacting gas) usually between 400 ℃~500 ℃, operating pressure is medium-pressure or high pressure.The main component of high temperature shift gas is H 2, CO, CO 2, water vapour and a small amount of special corrosive medium; The main component of high-temperature synthesis gas is H 2, N 2, NH 3Deng.Medium hydrogen dividing potential drop height, inflammable and explosive, and have high temperature special media corrosive environment, as the nitriding corrosion of high-temperature synthesis gas.
High-temperature reacting gas usually needs by the waste heat boiler heat exchange, enters next section flow process after the reduction temperature, presses saturated vapor in the by-product simultaneously.Reacting gas is walked the tube side of waste heat boiler.Because there is high temperature special media corrosive environment in tube side entrance side temperature height, warm anti-hydrogen corrosion resistant material during tube side must adopt.By heat recovery, the reacting gas temperature of tube side outlet side drops to about 220~280 ℃, material can adopt common in warm anti-hydrogen steel, and need not consider the corrosion of nitriding and other special media.But because the middle and high pressure of tube side and higher pipe, shell side temperature difference operating environment, waste heat boiler adopts U type tubular construction more, and tube side turnover oral-lateral need adopt commaterial, has caused the waste of material.
Simultaneously, because the pass partition of common U type tubular type waste heat boiler is provided with along the tube sheet diametric(al), tube sheet and bobbin carriage are divided into two symmetrical parts, a part contacts with the inlet high-temperature reacting gas, another part contacts with outlet low-temp reaction gas, causes having bigger thermal (temperature difference) stress with the pass partition contact position in pass partition both sides bobbin carriage and the tube sheet.When tube side is imported and exported the gas temperature difference above 80 ℃, just can produce significantly influence to the stress distribution of tube side.
When the heat exchanger tube of waste heat boiler is arranged according to common U type tubular type (the bend pipe center is point-blank), higher thermal (temperature difference) stress comprises following aspect to the influence of tube side:
1, because of the uneven overall temperature difference stress that produces that is heated, and because the stack of temperature difference strain produces bigger stress to tube sheet concentrates in layering dividing plate both sides.
2, the bobbin carriage cylindrical shell of mesohigh waste heat boiler and tube sheet often adopt and are welded to connect, and welding point produces thermal (temperature difference) stress near layering dividing plate both sides.
The maximum stress that higher thermal (temperature difference) stress and pressure medium produce on bobbin carriage, tube sheet is superimposed, makes peak stress in the metal material more near critical value, even transfinites.In high temperature hydrogen corrosion and nitriding corrosive environment, because the fragility of material itself can produce trickle crackle at the welding point place of tube sheet and heat exchanger tube, tube sheet and bobbin carriage during welding.Under the influence of high-temperature medium side hydrogen, nitrogen corrosion, higher peak stress causes the crackle expansion easily, thereby causes equipment part even global failure.
3, the mesohigh waste heat boiler often adopts the sealing of bobbin carriage end flange flat cover, it is bigger to import and export the medium temperature difference, will cause the pass partition both sides bobbin carriage axially non-homogeneous expansion of back that is heated, and destroys the perpendicularity of end face of flange and bobbin carriage axis, reduce the reliability of sealing, even cause seal failure.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of improved waste heat boiler at the existing problem of existing waste heat boiler, and improved waste heat boiler of the present utility model both had been applicable to reactor and directly has been connected, and also was applicable to by pipeline to be connected with reactor.The improved waste heat boiler that the utility model relates to both can be placed on the upstream of steam superheater, also can be placed on the downstream of steam superheater.The utility model is applicable to the waste heat boiler of band drum Natural Circulation, also is applicable to the waste heat boiler of still bag.
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Improved waste heat boiler, comprise bobbin carriage, some U-shaped heat exchanger tubes and with some U type heat exchanger tubes along the pressure-bearing tube sheet in the described bobbin carriage of being axially fixed at of described bobbin carriage, the pressure-bearing shell of described bobbin carriage one side is provided with pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, the arrival end of described some U type heat exchanger tubes and the port of export are positioned at the side that bobbin carriage is provided with described pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, it is characterized in that, described some U type heat exchanger tubes adopt fountain type heat exchanger tube arrangement to arrange, described fountain type heat exchanger tube arrangement is: described pressure-bearing tube sheet is provided with the pass partition groove, described layering septalium is a circulus, the pressure-bearing tube sheet is separated into central area and outer region, the arrival end of described some U type heat exchanger tubes is concentrated and is positioned at the central area, the port of export of some U type heat exchanger tubes is distributed in described outer region, the central area of some U type heat exchanger tube self-supporting pressure tube plates begins, extend axially to bend loss along U type heat exchanger tube straight section, bent tube section be from the center " fountain " shape towards periphery homogeneous radiation axially turn back to the outer region of pressure-bearing tube sheet again along another straight section of heat exchanger tube through the U type to the outer shroud projected area.High-temperature high-voltage reaction gas enters from the U type heat exchanger tube arrival end that is positioned at the tube sheet central area, with pipe shell journey boiler feedwater vaporization, the reacting gas temperature is significantly reduced on the way, then flows out from the U type heat exchanger tube port of export that is positioned at pressure-bearing tube sheet outer region.Because the stress that the pressure-bearing tube sheet produces under simple pressure medium effect is mainly along hoop and radial distribution, this fountain type stringing mode can effectively be eliminated tube sheet hoop thermal (temperature difference) stress.
Perhaps:
Described some U type heat exchanger tubes adopt staggered form stringing mode to arrange that described staggered form stringing mode is: described some U type heat exchanger tubes are by quadrangular array, and the arrival end of some U type heat exchanger tubes and port of export space are go shape arranged crosswise.Because the import and export of all U type heat exchanger tubes are evenly spaced apart on whole pressure-bearing tube sheet plane, and the pressure-bearing tube sheet is heated evenly along showing as on hoop and the integrated radial, only have thermal (temperature difference) stress unit and strain unit between adjacent U type heat exchanger tube.Because the space of structure, these construction units can and adjacent unit between produce strain and coordinate, thereby it is concentrated can not to form bigger stress on macroscopic view.
In described bobbin carriage, there is a side of pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection to be provided with the hot gas case, this hot gas case has inlet central tube and some wireways, described inlet central tube is extended to outside the pressure-bearing shell of bobbin carriage by the pressure-bearing inlet connection, each root wireway is communicated with the arrival end of a U type heat exchanger tube, high-temperature reacting gas is entered in the hot gas case by the inlet central tube, and being distributed by the hot gas case enters each root U type heat exchanger tube by wireway again.
Described hot gas case comprises casing and the first little tube sheet that is connected with casing, described casing is provided with the inlet central tube, the described first little tube sheet is provided with some reinforced pipes, each reinforced pipe is fixedlyed connected with the arrival end of each root U type heat exchanger tube, and each root wireway passes described reinforced pipe and inserts in the arrival end of described U type heat exchanger tube.
The utility model also is provided with the cold air guide tank in described bobbin carriage, one side box wall of this cold air guide tank is described pressure-bearing tube sheet, the opposite side tank wall is the second little tube sheet, described some reinforced pipes pass described cold air guide tank, this cold air guide tank is communicated with the port of export of described U type heat exchanger tube, carry out drainage by the cold air that the U type heat exchanger tube port of export is flowed out, make its horizontal welding point that purges between U type heat exchanger tube arrival end and the pressure-bearing tube sheet, reduce the operating temperature of U type heat exchanger tube arrival end welding point, reduce the joint fails rate, improve service life of equipment.This cold air guide tank also is provided with a cold air outlet.
Between described inlet central tube and the described pressure-bearing inlet connection, between described wireway and reinforced pipe, the U type heat exchanger tube and be provided with heat-barrier material between the first little tube sheet and the second little tube sheet.To increase the thermal resistance between high temperature gas passage and pressure-bearing shell, pressure-bearing tube sheet, the welding point, reduce pressure-bearing shell tube wall temperature and design temperature, save cost, improve the equipment operational reliability.
Owing to adopted design as above, the utility model is imported and exported the bigger shell and tube waste heat boiler of the temperature difference at tube side, improvement by the exchange heat pipe arrangement, reduced the thermal (temperature difference) stress that produces in bobbin carriage and the tube sheet, make stress distribution wherein more even, prolonged the service life of tube sheet.Simultaneously, by hot gas water conservancy diversion, heat insulation, cold air purging cooling structure, the tube side high-temperature reacting gas is not contacted with other pressure-containing member except that heat exchanger tube, reduced the tube wall temperature of this a part of pressure-bearing shell, design temperature is reduced, thereby saved material, improved waste heat boiler reliability of operation and stability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model improved waste heat boiler structural principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the U type heat exchanger tube fountain type schematic layout diagram of the utility model improved waste heat boiler.
Fig. 3 is the U type heat exchanger tube staggered form schematic layout diagram of the utility model improved waste heat boiler.
Fig. 4 directly is connected sketch for the utility model improved waste heat boiler with reactor.
Fig. 5 is the sketch of the utility model improved waste heat boiler band drum Natural Circulation.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, improved waste heat boiler, comprise bobbin carriage 100, some U-shaped heat exchanger tubes 200 and be axially fixed at the pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 bobbin carriage 100 in of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 along bobbin carriage 100, the pressure-bearing shell 110 of bobbin carriage 100 1 sides is provided with pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 and pressure-bearing discharge connection 131, is respectively arranged with pressure-bearing inlet connection flange 122 and pressure-bearing discharge connection flange 132 on pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 and pressure-bearing discharge connection 131.The arrival end 210 of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 and the port of export 220 are positioned at the side that bobbin carriage 100 is provided with pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 and pressure-bearing discharge connection 131.All adopt the intensity weldering between the arrival end 210 of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 and the port of export 220 and the pressure-bearing tube sheet 300.
In being provided with a side of pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 and pressure-bearing discharge connection 131, bobbin carriage 100 is provided with hot gas case 400, this hot gas case 400 comprises casing 410 and the first tubule plate 420 that is connected with casing 410, casing 410 is provided with an inlet central tube 430, be furnished with the reinforced pipe 510 that quantity equates with the quantity of U type heat exchanger tube 200 at the first tubule plate 420, the arrival end 210 of the other end of reinforced pipe 510 and U type heat exchanger tube 200 is welded to connect, in the arrival end 210 of reinforced pipe 510 and U type heat exchanger tube 200, be inserted with wireway 520, between the inner tubal wall of the outer tube wall of wireway 520 and reinforced pipe 510, be provided with heat-barrier material 530.Reinforced pipe 510 forms the support that is connected between the first tubule plate 420 and the pressure-bearing tube sheet 300, and wireway 420 is played a protective role.
Inlet central tube 430 passes pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 and directly is connected (referring to Fig. 4) with reactor 600, is provided with heat-barrier material 431 between the inner tubal wall of the outer tube wall of the central tube 430 that enters the mouth and pressure-bearing inlet connection 121.
High-temperature reacting gas is entered in the hot gas case 400 by inlet central tube 430, and being distributed by hot gas case 400 enters in each root U type heat exchanger tube 200 by wireway 420 again.
Also be provided with cold air guide tank 700 in bobbin carriage 100, a side box wall of this cold air guide tank 700 is a pressure-bearing tube sheet 300, and the opposite side tank wall is the second tubule plate 710, and this cold air guide tank 700 is communicated with the port of export 220 of U type heat exchanger tube 200.Between the first tubule plate 420 and the second tubule plate 710, be provided with heat-barrier material 720.This cold air guide tank 700 also is provided with a cold air outlet (not shown).
Above-mentioned between inlet central tube 430 and the pressure-bearing inlet connection 121, between wireway 520 and reinforced pipe 510, the U type heat exchanger tube 200 and the thermal insulation layer 431,530,720 of setting between the first tubule plate 420 and the second tubule plate 710, can increase the thermal resistance between high temperature gas passage and pressure-bearing shell 110, pressure-bearing tube sheet 300, the welding point, reduce pressure-bearing shell 110 tube wall temperatures and design temperature, save cost, improve the equipment operational reliability.
High-temperature reacting gas enters bobbin carriage 100 from inlet central tube 430, imports hot gas case 400 by inlet central tube 430, avoids contacting with the pressure-bearing shell 110 of bobbin carriage 100.Wireway 520 imports the high-temperature reacting gas in the hot gas case 400 arrival end 210 of U type heat exchanger tube 200, high-temperature reacting gas enters from the arrival end 210 of U type heat exchanger tube 200, on the way the boiler feedwater of pipe shell journey is vaporized, the reacting gas temperature is significantly reduced, and then the port of export 220 from U type heat exchanger tube 200 flows out.Cold air guide tank 700 carries out drainage by the cold air that the port of export 220 to U type heat exchanger tube 200 flows out, make its arrival end 210 that laterally purges U type heat exchanger tube 200 and the welding point between the pressure-bearing tube sheet 300, reduce the operating temperature of arrival end 210 welding points of U type heat exchanger tube 200, reduce the joint fails rate, improve service life of equipment.
Referring to Fig. 2, pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 is provided with pass partition groove 310, layering septalium 310 is a circulus, pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 is separated into central area 320 and outer region 330, the arrival end 210 of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 is concentrated and is positioned at central area 320, the port of export 220 of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 is distributed in the outer region 330, central area 320 beginnings of some U type heat exchanger tube 200 self-supporting pressure tube plates 300, extend axially to bend loss along U type heat exchanger tube 200 straight sections, bent tube section be from the center " fountain " shape towards periphery homogeneous radiation axially turn back to the outer region 330 of pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 again along another straight section of heat exchanger tube 200 through the U type to the outer shroud projected area.High-temperature high-voltage reaction gas enters from the arrival end 210 of the U type heat exchanger tube 200 that is positioned at pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 central areas 320, on the way the boiler feedwater of pipe shell journey is vaporized, the reacting gas temperature is significantly reduced, and then the port of export 220 from the U type heat exchanger tube 200 that is positioned at pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 outer regions 330 flows out.Because the stress that pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 produces under simple pressure medium effect is mainly along hoop and radial distribution, this fountain type stringing mode can effectively be eliminated pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 hoop thermal (temperature difference) stresses.
Referring to Fig. 3, some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 are by quadrangular array, and the arrival end 210 of some U type heat exchanger tubes 200 and the port of export 220 spaces are go shape arranged crosswise.Because the arrival end 210 and the port of export 220 of all U type heat exchanger tubes 200 are evenly spaced apart on whole pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 planes, pressure-bearing tube sheet 300 is heated evenly along showing as on hoop and the integrated radial, only between adjacent U type heat exchanger tube 200, has thermal (temperature difference) stress unit and strain unit.Because the space of structure, these construction units can and adjacent unit between produce strain and coordinate, thereby it is concentrated can not to form bigger stress on macroscopic view.
Referring to Fig. 4, improved waste heat boiler of the present utility model directly is connected with reactor 600, the high-temperature reacting gas discharge conection 610 that is reactor 600 directly is connected with the pressure-bearing inlet connection 121 of improved waste heat boiler by flange connection, and inlet central tube 430 directly is inserted in the reactor 600.
Referring to Fig. 5, the pressure-bearing shell 110 of improved waste heat boiler of the present utility model connects a drum 800, constitutes the waste heat boiler of band drum Natural Circulation.
More than show and described basic principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed the utility model scope.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (6)

1. improved waste heat boiler, comprise bobbin carriage, some U-shaped heat exchanger tubes and with some U type heat exchanger tubes along the pressure-bearing tube sheet in the described bobbin carriage of being axially fixed at of described bobbin carriage, the pressure-bearing shell of described bobbin carriage one side is provided with pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, the arrival end of described some U type heat exchanger tubes and the port of export are positioned at the side that bobbin carriage is provided with described pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, it is characterized in that, described some U type heat exchanger tubes adopt fountain type heat exchanger tube arrangement to arrange, described fountain type heat exchanger tube arrangement is: described pressure-bearing tube sheet is provided with the pass partition groove, described layering septalium is a circulus, the pressure-bearing tube sheet is separated into central area and outer region, the arrival end of described some U type heat exchanger tubes is concentrated and is positioned at the central area, the port of export of some U type heat exchanger tubes is distributed in described outer region, the central area of some U type heat exchanger tube self-supporting pressure tube plates begins, extend axially to bend loss along U type heat exchanger tube straight section, bent tube section be from the center " fountain " shape towards periphery homogeneous radiation axially turn back to the outer region of pressure-bearing tube sheet again along another straight section of heat exchanger tube through the U type to the outer shroud projected area.
2. improved waste heat boiler, comprise bobbin carriage, some U-shaped heat exchanger tubes and with some U type heat exchanger tubes along the pressure-bearing tube sheet in the described bobbin carriage of being axially fixed at of described bobbin carriage, the pressure-bearing shell of described bobbin carriage one side is provided with pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, the arrival end of described some U type heat exchanger tubes and the port of export are positioned at the side that bobbin carriage is provided with described pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, it is characterized in that, described some U type heat exchanger tubes adopt staggered form stringing mode to arrange, described staggered form stringing mode is: described some U type heat exchanger tubes are by quadrangular array, and the arrival end of some U type heat exchanger tubes and port of export space are go shape arranged crosswise.
3. improved waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in being provided with a side of described pressure-bearing inlet connection and pressure-bearing discharge connection, described bobbin carriage is provided with the hot gas case, this hot gas case has inlet central tube and some wireways, described inlet central tube is extended to outside the pressure-bearing shell of bobbin carriage by the pressure-bearing inlet connection, each root wireway is communicated with the arrival end of a U type heat exchanger tube, high-temperature reacting gas is entered in the hot gas case by the inlet central tube, and being distributed by the hot gas case enters each root U type heat exchanger tube by wireway again.
4. improved waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described hot gas case comprises casing and the first little tube sheet that is connected with casing, described casing is provided with the inlet central tube, the described first little tube sheet is provided with some reinforced pipes, each reinforced pipe is fixedlyed connected with the arrival end of each root U type heat exchanger tube, and each root wireway passes described reinforced pipe and inserts in the arrival end of described U type heat exchanger tube.
5. improved waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described bobbin carriage, also be provided with the cold air guide tank, one side box wall of this cold air guide tank is described pressure-bearing tube sheet, the opposite side tank wall is the second little tube sheet, described some reinforced pipes pass described cold air guide tank, and this cold air guide tank is communicated with the port of export of described U type heat exchanger tube, and this cold air guide tank also is provided with a cold air outlet.
6. improved waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, between described inlet central tube and the described pressure-bearing inlet connection, between described wireway and reinforced pipe, the U type heat exchanger tube and be provided with heat insulation structural between the first little tube sheet and the second little tube sheet.
CN2009202088204U 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Improved waste heat boiler Expired - Lifetime CN201476636U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009202088204U CN201476636U (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Improved waste heat boiler

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009202088204U CN201476636U (en) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 Improved waste heat boiler

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101706096B (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-06-15 上海国际化建工程咨询公司 Improved waste heat boiler
CN106895720A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-27 山西阳煤化工机械(集团)有限公司 Flexible tube plate waste heat boiler

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101706096B (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-06-15 上海国际化建工程咨询公司 Improved waste heat boiler
CN106895720A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-27 山西阳煤化工机械(集团)有限公司 Flexible tube plate waste heat boiler

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AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Granted publication date: 20100519

Effective date of abandoning: 20090917