CN201471187U

CN201471187U - Quick-acting tool changing drilling device

Info

Publication number: CN201471187U
Application number: CN2009203062254U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱国尚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-07-15
Filing date: 2009-07-15
Publication date: 2010-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2019-07-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to a quick-acting tool changing drilling device which is capable of switching tools without closing down. The device improves the defects of frequently closing down to change tools or move work-pieces in the prior art. An upper synchronizer is sheathed on a drilling device main shaft, an upper clutch gear is sheathed on the lower end of the upper synchronizer, a lifting system mainly comprises a lifting component, the lifting component is sheathed on the external portion of the upper synchronizer and the upper clutch gear, an outer ring of the upper clutch gear is connected with the end portion of the lifting component through bearings, the lifting is connected with a hand shank arranged in an upper engine base, the outer ring on the lower end of the lifting component is contacted with a press steel ball, the outer ring on the lower end of the lifting component is contacted with a reversing protection locking steel ball which is contacted with a reversing top rod, a reversing ball is propped up by the lower end of the reversing top rod, and the reversing ball is contacted with the surface of a tool changing division ring. The upper and a lower synchronizers are controlled by the hand shank, the loosening and connection of the upper and a lower clutch gears is controlled by the hand shank, the conversion between the high-speed drilling device main shaft and a stopped chuck shaft can be completed, thereby achieving changing tools without closing down, the device is rapid and convenient. The device can conduct multiple-stage operation to reduce moving clamps of work-pieces, thereby achieving to increase the operation efficiency, enhancing the processing precision of work-pieces and reducing errors. A one-time clamping is completed, the device achieves that converted cutter spacing fixtures are still arranged on the same axis which is previously processed through converting cutter spacing fixtures.

Description

The rapid changing knife drill

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of lathe of mechanical processing industry, the especially a kind of rapid changing knife drill that need not shut down with regard to the energy cutter conversion.

Background technology

In daily machining work in the past; because of workpiece many; and adding need frequent shutdown transposing in man-hour cutter; perhaps adopt the logical drilling machine of many Daeporis to arrange operation, perhaps need constantly to carry out workpiece ground clamping, wasted many manpowers like this; financial resources; material resources and working time, and production efficiency is lower, and the quality of production does not reach requirement.

Someone has done research and has applied for that patent, the patent No. are 03231642.9 for improvement, name is called the double end multi-drill and mills and attack the mill Do-All.Be equipped with in this main spindle box and have the transmission system of two working-spindles side by side, wherein one is to bore to mill main shaft, and another root is the tapping main shaft, mills main shaft corresponding to I splined shaft and brill and is respectively equipped with left and right speed change system; Mill main shaft and the tapping main shaft is respectively equipped with left and right sides feed system corresponding to brill, need not to change cutter and can carry out tapping, and can bore or attack a plurality of holes simultaneously.But this structure only installs two operations in ground, also needs to change cutter in the time of finishing a plurality of operation, and this two structure more complicated that drives.

In order to satisfy the requirement of multistation, someone has done and has improved and applied for patent, the patent No. is 200320110497.X, name is called nc drilling center rapid changing knife device, this patent comprises disc type tool magazine, tool magazine rotating mechanism, is contained in the cutter-removing mechanism on the spindle drum, tool magazine is vertically mounted on the workbench top, the tool magazine circumferential distribution has the hinged jig arm of spring with it, the folder mouth of jig arm is corresponding with main spindle's, cutter-removing mechanism is a leverage, be made up of lever, backing pin, wedge shape drive plate, back-moving spring, tool magazine can not influence the operate as normal of main shaft and cutter.The structure that the vertical tool magazine of this employing is arranged is changed slowlyer, and size is bigger, and safety coefficient is not high.

Summary of the invention

The utility model has solved the shortcoming that needs frequent shutdown transposing cutter or travelling workpiece in the prior art, provides a kind of multistation of realizing without travelling workpiece clamping rapid changing knife drill once.

Though also having solved, the utility model the multistation cutter is arranged but the shortcoming of conversion inconvenience in the prior art; provide a kind of and can need not shut down the rapid changing knife drill of changing between the different cutters of realization fast; be configured on the common driller, common driller become to shut down and to realize the rapid changing knife drilling machine changed between the different cutters.

The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: a kind of rapid changing knife drill; comprise upper frame and lower support; be provided with some secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps in the lower support; every secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps comprise the following synchronized of coaxial setting; following clutch tooth and collet axis; following synchronized and collet axis link into an integrated entity; be provided with the last synchronized that matches with following synchronized in the upper frame; the last clutch tooth that matches with following clutch tooth; the coaxial mutual socket of last clutch tooth and last synchronized; there are secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps to be in coaxial vertical the connection during normal station with jacking system; be provided with the tool changing graduated circle between upper frame and the lower support; it is characterized in that synchronized is nested with on the drill main shaft; last clutch tooth is nested with in last synchronized lower end; jacking system mainly comprises Lift Part; Lift Part is nested with in last synchronized and last clutch tooth outside; the outer ring of last clutch tooth links to each other by bearing with the end of Lift Part; Lift Part links to each other with handle in being arranged on upper frame; the outer ring, upper end of Lift Part with compress steel ball and contact; the outer ring, lower end of Lift Part contacts with communtation protection locking steel ball; communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with the commutation push rod; the commutation ball is withstood in the lower end of commutation push rod, and the commutation ball contacts with tool changing graduated circle surface.By synchronized and cooperatively interacting of clutch tooth up and down up and down; realize not shutting down just energy cutter conversion; after elder generation's synchronized is frictionally engaged again clutch tooth engagement finish conversion; synchronized principal security drill is in high speed rotating; and the speed transmission between collet axis during static rotate; after making the diaxon synchronization; last associating tooth and second line of a couplet splice grafting close; prevent the phenomenon of beating tooth; accomplish that the clutch tooth is non-maintaining up and down; the cutter spacing anchor clamps are generally three pairs; also can increase as required; whole cutter transposition system serves as the conversion rotation with the axis of transposition clamp shaft, and when normal station referred to the cutter operate as normal, wherein secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps and drill main shaft rotated on same vertical curve.

The outer ring, upper end of Lift Part is provided with a circle arc groove, the upper end of upper frame is provided with the main shaft connector, the main shaft connector is provided with interconnection, be provided with in the interconnection and compress steel ball and holddown spring, the outer end of interconnection is rotary with lock-screw, holddown spring one end contacts with lock-screw, the other end of holddown spring with compress steel ball and contact, the surface that compresses steel ball under the elastic force effect of holddown spring is pressed in the arc groove of Lift Part upper end, the outer ring, lower end of Lift Part is provided with recess, and recess contacts with communtation protection locking steel ball; The upper frame wall is provided with the vertical passageway, is installed with the commutation push rod in the vertical passageway, and the top, upper end of commutation push rod contacts with the lower end of retainer spring, and the upper end of retainer spring contacts with the adjustment screw that is spun on the upper end, vertical passageway; The outer ring, upper end of commutation push rod is provided with a circle trapezoidal groove, totally 2 of described communtation protection locking steel balls, the sphere of a communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with the trapezoidal groove of commutation push rod, and the sphere of another communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with the recess of Lift Part lower end; Be provided with bearing between lower support and the upper frame, the tool changing graduated circle covers the upper surface of bearing, the lower surface of upper frame is rotary with bearing lock nut, bearing lock nut and bearing outer ring side edge are touched, the bottom of upper frame vertical passageway is placed with commutation ball cover, and the commutation ball is placed in the commutation ball cover; The tool changing graduated circle in the form of a ring, the cross section of tool changing graduated circle is L-shaped, the edge of tool changing graduated circle is a featheredge; featheredge is provided with uniform some locating holes; the quantity of locating hole equates with the quantity of cutter spacing anchor clamps; the diameter of locating hole is less than the diameter of commutation ball, and each locating hole is corresponding with the duty of cutter spacing anchor clamps.The upper end of upper frame is connected with the drill moving sleeve by connector, the connector lower end is connected with upper frame and is screwed, the connector upper end is by connector locking nut and the locking of drill moving sleeve, connector has different screw thread specifications, adapts to the drill moving sleeve on the drill of multiple different model; The cutter spacing anchor clamps commutate when not in place, and the commutation ball promotes the commutation push rod, and the commutation push rod promotes the recess that communtation protection locking steel ball enters the Lift Part outer wall, blocks the downward telemechanical of Lift Part, plays a protective role; After the commutation of cutter spacing anchor clamps puts in place, commutated under the retainer spring pressure of push rod upper end, Lift Part promotes communtation protection locking steel ball, communtation protection locking steel ball snaps in the trapezoidal groove of commutation push rod upper end, locking commutation ball can not roll, play the protective effect after commutation puts in place, stable when making work, the outside recess that adopts in Lift Part lower end, trapezoidal groove is adopted in commutation push rod upper end, when communtation protection locking steel ball enters into recess and reminds groove, can not snap in suddenly, but slowly snap in along trapezoidal hypotenuse, preventing and beat, commutation is stable; The steel ball that compresses in the interconnection on the arc groove of Lift Part upper end and the main shaft connector matches, and when Lift Part rose, compressing steel ball can hold Lift Part, convenient conversion cutter spacing anchor clamps.

Last synchronized outer cover is equipped with drill main shaft joint, the inside, lower end of last synchronized is the horn mouth that inwardly shrinks, drill main shaft joint and drill press spindle are by being threaded, last clutch tooth is nested with the outside, lower end at last synchronized, drill main shaft joint is equipped with the tight spring of clutch tooth pressure with the relative end of last clutch tooth, the tight spring of last clutch tooth pressure upper end is stuck on the snap ring of drill main shaft joint, and the lower end is stuck on the snap ring of clutch tooth.The drill main shaft is given drill main shaft joint with transmission of power, drill main shaft joint is given last synchronized with transmission of power, last clutch tooth and last synchronized rotate synchronously, following synchronized is contained on some collet axis of lower support, upper end horn mouth and last synchronized tapering friction fit, after the synchronized synchronization, last clutch tooth meshes with following clutch tooth about making.

The outside of last synchronized is a spline structure, the inwall of drill main shaft joint and last clutch tooth is a spline structure, be provided with between drill main shaft joint and the last clutch tooth holding in last synchronized outer wall draw-in groove on synchronized location jump ring, last synchronized location jump ring is embedded in the spline of synchronized outside, is provided with synchronized card pearl in the keyway of the spline between the inwall of drill main shaft joint and the outside of last synchronized.Be provided with snap ring between drill main shaft joint and the last synchronized, last synchronized location jump ring in the last synchronized outer wall draw-in groove, last synchronized location jump ring is embedded in the spline of synchronized outside, be provided with synchronized card pearl in the keyway of the spline between the inwall of drill main shaft joint and the outside of last synchronized, transmission of power between drill main shaft joint and the last synchronized realizes by spline, determines separately slippage scope by the jump ring in the draw-in groove.

Jacking system comprises lifter wheel that is fixed on the upper frame and the Lift Part that is meshed with lifter wheel, the outside of lifter wheel is provided with bearing, the bearing outside is provided with handle wheel, the handle wheel end face is provided with shrinkage pool, the clutch locking ball is equipped with in upper frame inside, one side sphere of clutch locking ball embeds in the shrinkage pool of lifter wheel, and the opposite side sphere and the clutch retainer spring of clutch locking ball compress, and there is the spring adjustment screw clutch retainer spring end and locks with spring adjustment screw locking nut.The master is useful on clutch and adjusts and the handle angle adjustment apart from the lining, when rotating lifter wheel, the clutch locking ball can snap onto shrinkage pool or deviate from shrinkage pool, like this in turning handle again under the elastic force effect of clutch retainer spring, can position or fixing.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: by handle control up and down synchronized, the clutch tooth unclamps and is connected up and down, conversion between the collet axis of finishing drill main shaft at a high speed and stopping, realize not shutting down tool changing, quick rapidly, can carry out the multistation operation to reduce the workpiece movement clamping, realize improving operating efficiency, can improve the precision of workpiece processing, reduce error; Disposable clamping is finished, and by the conversion of cutter spacing anchor clamps, the cutter spacing anchor clamps after realizing changing still on same axis of original processing, make processing more accurate, repeatedly centering; No. one time clamping is finished multiple working procedure, has accelerated process velocity, has improved efficient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a kind of communtation protection structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the front view of a kind of tool changing graduated circle of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the side view of a kind of tool changing graduated circle of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a kind of clutch location structure of the utility model schematic diagram;

Among the figure: 1; the drill moving sleeve, 2; the drill main shaft, 3; the drill main shaft bearing; 4; the connector locking nut, 5; connector, 6; compress steel ball; 7; holddown spring, 8; lock-screw, 9; adjustment screw; 10; retainer spring; 11; the commutation push rod, 12; communtation protection locking steel ball, 13; upper frame; 14; the commutation ball; 15; commutation ball cover, 16; the tool changing graduated circle, 17; following synchronized; 18; the commutation high-precision bearing; 19; commutation high-precision bearing locking nut, 20; following clutch tooth, 21; following synchronized hold-down screw; 22; the little bearing of collet axis; 23; lower support, 24; drill chuck, 25; drill chuck shirks nut; 26; bearing nut; 27; the big bearing of collet axis, 28; bearing lock nut, 29; the single thrust bearing adjusting nut; 30; single thrust bearing; 31; last lower support fits axle, and 32; last synchronizer spring, 33; jump ring; 34; the lifting guide bearing; 35; last clutch tooth, 36; last synchronized location jump ring, 37; the tight spring of last clutch tooth pressure; 38; lifter wheel; 39; last synchronized, 40; last synchronized card pearl, 41; drill main shaft joint; 42; Lift Part; 43; the connector screw, 44; handle, 45; locating hole; 46; featheredge; 47; the card division, 48; clutch locking ball, 49; clutch gear axle; 50; clutch retainer spring; 51; clutch retainer spring adjustment screw, 52; spring adjustment screw locking nut, 53; handle wheel; 54; gear, 55; bearing.

The specific embodiment

Below by specific embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.

Embodiment: a kind of rapid changing knife drill (referring to accompanying drawing 1 accompanying drawing 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4), comprise jacking system and the cutter transposition system that links to each other with jacking system, cutter transposition system comprises lower support 23 and upper frame 13, jacking system comprises lifter wheel 38 that is fixed on the upper frame and the Lift Part 42 that is meshed with lifter wheel, the outside of lifter wheel is provided with bearing, the bearing outside is provided with handle wheel 53, the handle wheel end face is provided with shrinkage pool, clutch locking ball 48 is equipped with in upper frame inside, one side sphere of clutch locking ball embeds in the shrinkage pool of handle wheel, the opposite side sphere and the clutch retainer spring 50 of clutch locking ball compress, there is spring adjustment screw 51 clutch retainer spring end and locks with spring adjustment screw locking nut 52, the centre of handle wheel is a gear shaft 49, gear shaft be connected with handle 44 (referring to accompanying drawing 5), be fixed with gear 54 on the gear shaft, the both sides end face of gear is by bearing 55 location, the middle of cutter transposition system is provided with lower support and fits axle 31, last lower support fits axle relatively has an angle with the vertical direction inclination, last lower support fits an outside and is with single thrust bearing 30, single thrust bearing is fixing by single thrust bearing adjusting nut 29 and bearing lock nut 28, be provided with 3 parafacies in the lower support and fit the cutter spacing anchor clamps that axial symmetry is arranged for last lower support, there are secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps to be in coaxial vertical the connection during normal station with jacking system, every secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps comprise the following synchronized 17 of coaxial setting, following clutch tooth 20 and collet axis, following synchronized is integral by descending synchronized hold-down screw 21 to fixedly connected with collet axis, following clutch tooth is nested with the outside of following synchronized and with flat key and connects, be connected with the big bearing 27 of collet axis with the little bearing 22 of collet axis respectively between the two ends up and down of collet axis and the lower support, the big bearing of collet axis outer end is fixing with bearing nut 26, and the lower end of collet axis is provided with drill chuck and shirks nut 25 and drill chuck 24.

Be provided with clutch tooth 35 and last synchronized 39 in the upper frame, the coaxial synchronized outside that is socketed in of last clutch tooth, be connected with connector screw 43 on the upper frame with between the main shaft connector 5, the upper end of connector is enclosed within the drill moving sleeve 1, be connected with connector locking nut 4 between connector lower end and the drill moving sleeve outside, drill main shaft bearing 3 is withstood in the upper end of connector, the lower end of drill main shaft 2 is taper and is equipped with synchronized 39, the outside of last synchronized is a spline structure, last synchronized outer cover is equipped with drill main shaft joint 41 and last clutch tooth 35, drill main shaft joint and drill main shaft are by being threaded, drill main shaft joint 41 is that spline is connected with last synchronized, the lower end of drill main shaft extend into the inside of clutch tooth always and uses synchronizer spring 32 and connects, the upper end of last synchronized is provided with the adapter sleeve locating slot, be placed with synchronized card pearl 40 in the groove, the medium position of last synchronized is provided with a circle draw-in groove, the upside of draw-in groove is a drill main shaft joint 41, the downside of draw-in groove is last clutch tooth, card has last synchronized location jump ring 36 in the draw-in groove, the inner surface of the lower end of last synchronized is a horn mouth, drill main shaft joint is equipped with the tight spring 37 of clutch tooth pressure between two ends relative with last clutch tooth, the outside of drill main shaft joint and last clutch tooth is provided with snap ring, the tight spring of last clutch tooth pressure upper end is stuck on the snap ring of drill main shaft joint, the lower end is stuck on the snap ring of clutch tooth, last clutch tooth also is provided with a circle protuberance near the position of snap ring, the upper end of the lower end of last clutch tooth and following clutch tooth respectively is provided with three gear teeth and three teeth groove of space, the central angle of the gear teeth is 50 °, the central angle of teeth groove is 70 °, the two sides of the gear teeth are for facing directly, be provided with lifting guide bearing 34 between the outside of the end of Lift Part 42 and last clutch tooth, the inner ring of lifting guide bearing is nested with at last clutch tooth outside and spacing with protuberance, and the lower end of lifting guide bearing is fixing by jump ring 33.

Lower support and upper frame are connected with commutation high-precision bearing 18, totally two of commutation high-precision bearings, one big one little, placed side by side up and down, mutually noninterfere between the inner ring of the outer ring of undersized commutation high-precision bearing and large-sized commutation high-precision bearing, upper frame commutation high-precision bearing locking nut 19 lock shaft bearing outer-rings, lower support compresses bearing inner race with tool changing graduated circle 16, the tool changing graduated circle in the form of a ring, the cross section of tool changing graduated circle is L-shaped, the edge of tool changing graduated circle is a featheredge 46; featheredge is provided with uniform some locating holes 45; quantity of locating hole equates that with the quantity of cutter spacing anchor clamps the diameter of locating hole is less than the diameter of commutation ball 14, and each locating hole is corresponding with the duty of cutter spacing anchor clamps; the outward flange of tool changing graduated circle is the card division 47 at right angle; the inner ring of commutation high-precision bearing is blocked in the card division, the conical surface of the end of following synchronized for matching with horn mouth, and the end of following synchronized is for to match with the gear teeth and the teeth groove of last synchronized end.

One side of Lift Part is provided with the tooth bar that is meshed with the gear teeth on the lifter wheel periphery; the outer ring, upper end of Lift Part is provided with a circle arc groove; the main shaft connector is provided with interconnection; be provided with in the interconnection and compress steel ball 6 and holddown spring 7; the outer end of interconnection is rotary with lock-screw 8; holddown spring one end contacts with lock-screw; the other end of holddown spring with compress steel ball and contact; the surface that compresses steel ball under the elastic force effect of holddown spring is pressed in the arc groove of Lift Part upper end; the outer ring, lower end of Lift Part is provided with recess; the upper frame wall is provided with vertical passageway and interconnection; vertical passageway and interconnection connect mutually; interconnection is over against the recess of Lift Part; be placed with two communtation protection locking steel balls 12 in the interconnection; communtation protection locking steel ball 12 contacts with Lift Part outer ring recess; be installed with commutation push rod 11 in the vertical passageway; the top, upper end of commutation push rod contacts with the lower end of retainer spring 10; the upper end of retainer spring contacts with the adjustment screw 9 that is spun on the upper end, vertical passageway; the outer ring, upper end of commutation push rod is provided with a circle trapezoidal groove; trapezoidal groove with the commutation push rod of communtation protection locking steel ball contacts; another recess with the Lift Part lower end contacts; the lower end of commutation push rod contacts with commutation ball 14; the position of commutation ball is on the top of tool changing graduated circle; the outside of commutation ball is placed in the commutation ball cover 15; during normal station, the lower part sphere of commutation ball is embedded in the locating hole of tool changing graduated circle.

Turning handle 44, handle drives the lifter wheel rotation, the tooth bar that lifter wheel drives the Lift Part side makes synchronized 39, upward clutch tooth 35 is separated with following synchronized 17, following clutch tooth 20, the lifting guide bearing control that is contained in the inside, Lift Part 42 lower surface of upper frame inside is gone up the clutch tooth and is moved up and down and separate with following clutch tooth or mesh, occurring under tooth and tooth the situation the top, last clutch tooth promotes to go up tight spring 37 retractions of clutch tooth pressure, after treating to rotate slightly a low-angle, the gear teeth of clutch tooth and teeth groove are meshing with each other up and down; Lift Part is held in compressing in steel ball is embedded into outer ring, Lift Part upper end under the effect of holddown spring arc groove when Lift Part pushes top dead centre in the connector interconnection; between communtation protection locking steel ball 12 and the commutation push rod 11 enough gaps are arranged; the commutation push rod is moved up; rotate lower support; tool changing graduated circle on the lower support is rotated simultaneously; after tool changing puts in place; commutation push rod 11 is subjected under the pressure of retainer spring 10; the ball 14 that will commutate pushes into locating hole; pressure is stirred handle and is driven Lift Part and move down a little; communtation protection locking steel ball is under the promotion of Lift Part; laterally lock jail commutation push rod locks the commutation ball simultaneously, and tool changing is fully and fix and can realize transmission of power during to lower dead center for Lift Part.

Above-described embodiment is a kind of preferred version of the present utility model, is not the utility model is done any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite that does not exceed the technical scheme that claim puts down in writing.

Claims

1. rapid changing knife drill; comprise upper frame (13) and lower support (23); be provided with some secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps in the lower support; every secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps comprise the following synchronized (17) of coaxial setting; following clutch tooth (20) and collet axis; following synchronized and collet axis link into an integrated entity; be provided with the last synchronized (39) that matches with following synchronized in the upper frame; the last clutch tooth (35) that matches with following clutch tooth; the coaxial mutual socket of last clutch tooth and last synchronized; there are secondary cutter spacing anchor clamps to be in coaxial vertical the connection during normal station with jacking system; be provided with tool changing graduated circle (16) between upper frame and the lower support; it is characterized in that synchronized is nested with on drill main shaft (2); last clutch tooth is nested with in last synchronized lower end; jacking system mainly comprises Lift Part (42); Lift Part is nested with in last synchronized and last clutch tooth outside; the outer ring of last clutch tooth links to each other by bearing with the end of Lift Part; the Lift Part handle (44) interior with being arranged on upper frame links to each other; the outer ring, upper end of Lift Part with compress steel ball (6) and contact; the outer ring, lower end of Lift Part contacts with communtation protection locking steel ball (12); communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with commutation push rod (11); commutation ball (14) is withstood in the lower end of commutation push rod, and the commutation ball contacts with tool changing graduated circle surface.

2. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1; the outer ring, upper end that it is characterized in that Lift Part is provided with a circle arc groove; the upper end of upper frame is provided with main shaft connector (5); the drill connector is provided with interconnection; be provided with in the interconnection and compress steel ball (6) and holddown spring (7); the outer end of interconnection is rotary with lock-screw (8); holddown spring one end contacts with lock-screw; the other end of holddown spring with compress steel ball and contact; the surface that compresses steel ball under the elastic force effect of holddown spring is pressed in the arc groove of Lift Part upper end; the outer ring, lower end of Lift Part is provided with recess, and recess contacts with communtation protection locking steel ball.

3. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the upper frame wall is provided with the vertical passageway, be installed with the commutation push rod in the vertical passageway, the top, upper end of commutation push rod contacts with the lower end of retainer spring, and the upper end of retainer spring contacts with the adjustment screw (9) that is spun on the upper end, vertical passageway.

4. according to claim 1 or 3 described rapid changing knife drills; it is characterized in that the commutating outer ring, upper end of push rod is provided with a circle trapezoidal groove; totally 2 of described communtation protection locking steel balls; the sphere of a communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with the trapezoidal groove of commutation push rod, and the sphere of another communtation protection locking steel ball contacts with the recess of Lift Part lower end.

5. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with bearing between lower support and the upper frame, the tool changing graduated circle covers the upper surface of bearing, the lower surface of upper frame is rotary with bearing lock nut (28), bearing lock nut and bearing outer ring side edge are touched, the bottom of upper frame vertical passageway is placed with commutation ball cover (15), and the commutation ball is placed in the commutation ball cover.

6. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tool changing graduated circle in the form of a ring, the cross section of tool changing graduated circle is L-shaped, the edge of tool changing graduated circle is featheredge (46); featheredge is provided with uniform some locating holes (45); the quantity of locating hole equates that with the quantity of cutter spacing anchor clamps the diameter of locating hole is less than the diameter of commutation ball, and each locating hole is corresponding with the duty of cutter spacing anchor clamps.

7. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the synchronized outer cover is equipped with drill main shaft joint (41), the inside, lower end of last synchronized is the horn mouth that inwardly shrinks, drill main shaft joint and drill main shaft are by being threaded, last clutch tooth is nested with the outside, lower end at last synchronized, drill main shaft joint is equipped with the tight spring of clutch tooth pressure (37) with the relative end of last clutch tooth, the tight spring of last clutch tooth pressure upper end is stuck on the snap ring of drill main shaft joint, and the lower end is stuck on the snap ring of clutch tooth.

8. according to claim 1 or 7 described rapid changing knife drills, the outside that it is characterized in that synchronized is a spline structure, the inwall of drill main shaft joint and last clutch tooth is a spline structure, be provided with between drill main shaft joint and the last clutch tooth holding in last synchronized outer wall draw-in groove on synchronized location jump ring (36), last synchronized location jump ring is embedded in the spline of synchronized outside, is provided with synchronized card pearl (40) in the keyway of the spline between the inwall of drill main shaft joint and the outside of last synchronized.

9. rapid changing knife drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that jacking system comprises lifter wheel (38) that is fixed on the upper frame and the Lift Part (42) that is meshed with lifter wheel, the outside of lifter wheel is provided with bearing, the bearing outside is provided with handle wheel (53), the handle wheel end face is provided with shrinkage pool, clutch locking ball (48) is equipped with in upper frame inside, one side sphere of clutch locking ball embeds in the shrinkage pool of lifter wheel, the opposite side sphere of clutch locking ball and clutch retainer spring (50) compress, and there is spring adjustment screw (51) clutch retainer spring end and locks with spring adjustment screw locking nut (52).