A kind of variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel
Technical field
The utility model relates to the technology of wind-power electricity generation, particularly relates to a kind of technology of variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel that is used to control wind wheel.
Background technique
Wind energy more and more is subjected to the attention of countries in the world as a kind of renewable energy sources of cleaning, and the application of wind power plant is also increasingly extensive.Wind power plant all comprises wind wheel and generator set, wherein wind wheel is made up of blade and rotor shaft, wind energy drives the generator set generating through blade, rotor shaft, owing to the rotating speed of wind wheel can change along with change of wind velocity, so all be provided with speed control system in the wind power plant with of the absorption of control wind wheel to wind energy.
Variable-pitch control system is all adopted in present wind wheel speed governing, this control system is controlled the absorption of wind wheel to wind energy by the propeller pitch angle of control blade, have stable output power, torque oscillation and the little characteristics of cabin vibration, and can effectively reduce noise, improve the force-bearing situation of blade and complete machine, thereby can guarantee the safe and reliable operation of generator set, prolong the working life of equipment integral; For example, when running into strong wind such as typhoon, blade is controlled on the position that parallels with wind direction, this moment, the blade displacement played the effect of aerodynamic brake, blade is no longer rotated, thereby make generator set out of service; Wind-force hour, the control blade increases lifting surface area, with absorption wind energy as much as possible.
Existing variable-pitch control system has electric variable pitch apart from two kinds of system and straight line type oil hydraulic cylinder (two oil cylinder) pitch-variable systems, wherein:
Electric variable pitch is made up of motor, variable propeller gearbox and storage battery apart from the change oar performance element in the system; the cost of this performance element is higher; and generator set can not start generating (being the quick startup behind the emergency shutdown) at any time; could start behind the charge in batteries such as needs; the speed of response of system is also slower; have the hidden danger of wind wheel hypervelocity, make generator set have potential overload risk.
The change oar performance element of straight line type oil hydraulic cylinder (two oil cylinder) pitch-variable system is straight line type oil hydraulic cylinder (two oil cylinder) and control loop thereof, and this performance element has advantages such as driving torque is big, rigidity big, the location is accurate, rapid dynamic response speed; But because parts are more in its control loop, control loop is very complicated, and volume is also very big, so rate of fault is higher, safeguards very inconvenience.
The model utility content
At the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides that a kind of cost is low, speed of response is fast, and rate of fault is low, easy to maintenance, can start the variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel of generating at any time.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel provided by the utility model, comprise wind wheel with blade, generator set, become the oar controller, become oar performance element and detection unit, described change oar controller control becomes the operation of oar performance element, described change oar performance element is used to control the propeller pitch angle variation of wind wheel, described wind wheel connects generator set, be used to drive the generator set generating, described detection unit is used to detect the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel and the power of generator set, and feedback signal is passed to becomes the oar controller, it is characterized in that: described change oar performance element is rotation type hydraulic cylinder and control loop thereof;
Described rotation type hydraulic cylinder comprises cylinder body, the end cap at cylinder body two ends, two stators and a rotor in the cylinder body, described two stators axisymmetric respectively are fixed in inboard wall of cylinder block, described rotor is coaxial and rotatable with cylinder body, its axle center is provided with the rotating shaft that is used for power is transported to the cylinder body outside, the end cap of two ends and cylinder body fits, the part inwall of two stators and cylinder body fits with the part side face of rotor respectively, described stator and rotor are combined into X-shaped in cylinder body, and cylinder body is divided into four separate oil pockets, wherein the oil pocket at two diagonal angles is an oil suction chamber, in addition two for going out oil pocket, and described cylinder body is provided with filler opening that is communicated with oil suction chamber and the oil outlet that is communicated with oil pocket; The blade of described wind wheel connects the rotating shaft of rotor, and the variable quantity of its propeller pitch angle is directly proportional with the variable quantity of rotor rotation angle;
The control loop of described rotation type hydraulic cylinder comprises motor, oil hydraulic pump, accumulator, oil-feed selector valve, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve, fuel-displaced selector valve and fuel tank; Described oil-feed selector valve and fuel-displaced selector valve all have outage load port, energising load port and Gong Kou, described electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve has filler opening, oil outlet and two load ports, and two load ports are communicated with its filler opening and oil outlet and the commutation that can intersect respectively; The outage load port of described oil-feed selector valve is connected to the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder through an one-way valve, its energising load port connects the filler opening of electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve, the outage load port of described fuel-displaced selector valve connects the oil pocket that of rotation type hydraulic cylinder, its energising load port connects the oil outlet of electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve, and each is connected respectively to two load ports of described electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder and goes out oil pocket through an equilibrium valve; Public mouthful of described fuel-displaced selector valve is connected to fuel tank through an one-way valve, and the one-way valve that wherein connects fuel tank is used for stoping the hydraulic oil flow of fuel tank to fuel-displaced selector valve;
Described equilibrium valve is used for the running speed of stabilizing solution press pump; One-way valve between the outage load port of described oil-feed selector valve and the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder is used for the blade of wind wheel is locked in safe propeller pitch angle;
Described motor connects oil hydraulic pump, be used to drive the oil hydraulic pump running, the filler opening of described oil hydraulic pump connects fuel tank through a high pressure filter, its oil outlet connects accumulator and oil-feed selector valve public mouthful through an one-way valve, a high pressure filter, an one-way valve, the one-way valve that wherein connects accumulator is used for stoping the hydraulic oil of accumulator to reflux to high pressure filter, and the one-way valve that connects the oil hydraulic pump filler opening is used for stoping the hydraulic oil of high pressure filter to reflux to oil hydraulic pump; Described accumulator connects fuel tank through a relief valve, and is provided with the pressure transducer of control relief valve break-make, is used for restriction system hydraulic pressure superpressure, and described relief valve also connects a stop valve, is used for discharging the hydraulic oil of accumulator.
Further, the faying surface of the end cap of the faying surface of the faying surface of described stator and rotor, rotor and inboard wall of cylinder block and rotor and cylinder body all seals with Sealing.
Further, the Sealing of the faying surface of the faying surface of described sealed stator and rotor and rotor and inboard wall of cylinder block is the quad seal bar, and the Sealing of the faying surface of the end cap of described canned rotor and cylinder body is a seal ring.
The variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel that the utility model provides has following beneficial effect:
1) in becoming the oar performance element, saved variable propeller gearbox and storage battery, thereby saved cost, and generator set can start generating at any time, not need to wait just startup behind the charge in batteries;
2) compare the change oar performance element of electric variable pitch apart from system, the rotation type hydraulic cylinder has advantages such as driving torque is big, rigidity big, the location is accurate, rapid dynamic response speed;
3) owing to adopt rotation type hydraulic cylinder (single cylinder) as becoming the oar power unit, parts seldom and control loop is very simple in its control loop, volume is little, so its cost is lower, and rate of fault is also very low, safeguards very convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart that the utility model embodiment is used to control the variable propeller pitch device of wind wheel;
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of the utility model embodiment's rotation type hydraulic cylinder filler opening position;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation of the utility model embodiment's rotation type hydraulic cylinder oil outlet position;
Fig. 4 is the control loop schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment rotation type hydraulic cylinder.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail, but present embodiment is not limited to the utility model, every employing analog structure of the present utility model and similar variation thereof all should be listed protection domain of the present utility model in.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of variable propeller pitch device that is used to control wind wheel that the utility model embodiment is provided, comprise wind wheel with blade, generator set, become the oar controller, become oar performance element and detection unit, described change oar controller control becomes the operation of oar performance element, described change oar performance element is used to control the propeller pitch angle variation of wind wheel, described wind wheel connects generator set, be used to drive the generator set generating, described detection unit is used to detect the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel and the power of generator set, and feedback signal is passed to becomes the oar controller, it is characterized in that: described change oar performance element is rotation type hydraulic cylinder and control loop thereof;
As Fig. 2-shown in Figure 3, described rotation type hydraulic cylinder comprises cylinder body 1, the end cap (not shown) at cylinder body 1 two ends, two stators 2 and a rotor 3 in the cylinder body 1, described two stators 2 axisymmetric respectively are fixed in cylinder body 1 inwall, described rotor 3 is coaxial and rotatable with cylinder body 1, its axle center is provided with the rotating shaft 4 that is used for power is transported to the cylinder body outside, the end cap of two ends and cylinder body 1 fits, the part inwall of two stators 2 and cylinder body 1 fits with the part side face of rotor 3 respectively, described stator 2 and rotor 3 are combined into X-shaped in cylinder body 1, and cylinder body 1 is divided into four separate oil pockets, wherein the oil pocket at two diagonal angles is an oil suction chamber 7, in addition two for going out oil pocket 8, and described cylinder body 1 is provided with filler opening 6 (referring to Fig. 2) that is communicated with oil suction chamber 7 and the oil outlet 9 (referring to Fig. 3) that is communicated with oil pocket 8; The blade of described wind wheel connects the rotating shaft 4 of rotor 3, and the variable quantity of its propeller pitch angle is directly proportional with the variable quantity of rotor 3 rotation angles;
The faying surface of the faying surface of described stator 2 and rotor 3, rotor 3 and cylinder body 1 inwall and rotor 3 all seal with Sealing with the faying surface of the end cap of cylinder body 1; The faying surface of wherein said sealed stator 2 and rotor 3 and rotor 3 are quad seal bars 5 with the Sealing of the faying surface of cylinder body 1 inwall, and described canned rotor 3 is a seal ring with the Sealing of the faying surface of the end cap of cylinder body 1;
As shown in Figure 4, the control loop of described rotation type hydraulic cylinder comprises motor M, oil hydraulic pump D, accumulator N, oil-feed selector valve H1, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, fuel-displaced selector valve H5 and fuel tank Y;
Described oil-feed selector valve H1 and fuel-displaced selector valve H5 all have outage load port, energising load port and Gong Kou, described electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 has filler opening, oil outlet and two load ports, and two load ports are communicated with its filler opening and oil outlet and the commutation that can intersect respectively; The outage load port of described oil-feed selector valve H1 is connected to the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U through an one-way valve H6, its energising load port connects the filler opening of electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, the outage load port of described fuel-displaced selector valve H5 connects the oil pocket that goes out of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U, its energising load port connects the oil outlet of electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, and each is connected respectively to two load ports of described electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U and goes out oil pocket through an equilibrium valve (H3 or H4); Public mouthful of described fuel-displaced selector valve H5 is connected to fuel tank Y through an one-way valve H7, and the one-way valve H7 that wherein connects fuel tank Y is used for stoping the hydraulic oil flow of fuel tank Y to fuel-displaced selector valve H5;
Described equilibrium valve H3, H4 are used for the running speed of stabilizing solution press pump D; One-way valve H6 between the oil suction chamber of the outage load port of described oil-feed selector valve H1 and rotation type hydraulic cylinder U is used for the blade of wind wheel is locked in safe propeller pitch angle;
Described motor M connects oil hydraulic pump D through coupling Z, be used to drive oil hydraulic pump D running, the filler opening of described oil hydraulic pump D connects fuel tank Y through a high pressure filter L1, its oil outlet connects accumulator N and oil-feed selector valve H1 public mouthful through an one-way valve H8, a high pressure filter L2, an one-way valve H9, the one-way valve H9 that wherein connects accumulator N is used for stoping the hydraulic oil of accumulator N to reflux to high pressure filter L2, and the one-way valve H8 that connects oil hydraulic pump D filler opening is used for stoping the hydraulic oil of high pressure filter L2 to reflux to oil hydraulic pump D; Described accumulator N connects fuel tank Y through a relief valve H10, and is provided with the pressure transducer G of control relief valve H10 break-make, is used for restriction system hydraulic pressure superpressure, and described relief valve H10 also meets a stop valve H11, is used for discharging the hydraulic oil of accumulator N.
The working principle of the utility model embodiment's rotation type hydraulic cylinder is as follows:
As Fig. 2-shown in Figure 3, when needing to increase the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel, high-pressure and hydraulic oil enters oil suction chamber 7 from the filler opening 6 on the rotation type hydraulic cylinder cylinder body 1, the hydraulic oil that goes out simultaneously in the oil pocket 8 is discharged by the oil outlet on the cylinder body 1, make rotor 3 clockwise rotate, thereby the blade that drives wind wheel by its rotating shaft 4 rotate to suitable propeller pitch angle;
In the time of need reducing the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel, low-pressure hydraulic oil is extracted oil suction chamber 7 out from the filler opening 6 on the rotation type hydraulic cylinder cylinder body 1, hydraulic oil in the fuel tank enters out oil pocket 8 by the oil outlet on the cylinder body 1 simultaneously, make rotor 3 rotate counterclockwise, thereby the blade that drives wind wheel by its rotating shaft 4 rotate to suitable propeller pitch angle.
The control principle of the control loop of the utility model embodiment's rotation type hydraulic cylinder is as follows:
Drive oil hydraulic pump D running by motor M earlier after the system start-up and fill energy to accumulator N, after accumulator N finishes accumulation of energy, with oil-feed selector valve H1, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, equilibrium valve H3 and H4, fuel-displaced selector valve H5 energising, this moment, rotation type hydraulic cylinder U was by oil hydraulic pump D fuel feeding, and was accurately controlled by electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2; Become the oar controller and transmit next feedback signal control oil hydraulic pump D running according to detection unit, and accurately control electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 and export the size and Orientation that oil flows, thereby accurately control the rotation angle of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U rotor, and then accurately control the propeller pitch angle of wind wheel;
When change oar controller need be controlled wind wheel increase propeller pitch angle, to electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 input positive current control signal its normality is connected, enter the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U through oil-feed selector valve H1, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, equilibrium valve H3 by the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of oil hydraulic pump D driving, rotation type hydraulic cylinder U goes out hydraulic oil in the oil pocket through equilibrium valve H4, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, and fuel-displaced selector valve H5, one-way valve H7 enter fuel tank Y;
When becoming the oar controller and need control wind wheel and reduce propeller pitch angle, to electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 input negative current control signal it being intersected connects, enter the oil pocket that goes out of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U through oil-feed selector valve H1, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, equilibrium valve H4 by the high-pressure and hydraulic oil of oil hydraulic pump D driving, hydraulic oil in the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U is through equilibrium valve H3, electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2, and fuel-displaced selector valve H5, one-way valve H7 enter fuel tank Y;
When wind speed is lower than rated wind speed, utilizes electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 accurately to change the flow direction and the flow of hydraulic oil, thereby propeller pitch angle is maintained 3 ° by rotation type hydraulic cylinder U;
When wind speed just often, utilize electro-hydraulic proportion reversing valve H2 accurately to change the flow direction and the flow of hydraulic oil, thereby change with wind speed by the propeller pitch angle of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U control wind wheel, make its output power keep stable;
When too high or other reason need be shut down when wind speed; with oil-feed selector valve H1 and fuel-displaced selector valve H5 outage; this moment, rotation type hydraulic cylinder U changeed by accumulator N fuel feeding; hydraulic oil among the accumulator N enters the oil suction chamber of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U by oil-feed selector valve H1 and one-way valve H6; the hydraulic oil that goes out in the oil pocket of rotation type hydraulic cylinder U enters fuel tank Y through fuel-displaced selector valve H5, one-way valve H7; thereby the blade of control wind wheel turns to 88 ° safe propeller pitch angle, and is locked by one-way valve H6.
When the utility model embodiment uses, by man-machine interface given propeller pitch angle and the input of given power are become the oar controller earlier, become of the feedback signal control change oar performance element operation of oar controller, and then the propeller pitch angle of control wind wheel changes according to given propeller pitch angle, the input of given power and detection unit.