CN201449190U - Fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with external guide cylinder - Google Patents
Fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with external guide cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN201449190U CN201449190U CN2009200610030U CN200920061003U CN201449190U CN 201449190 U CN201449190 U CN 201449190U CN 2009200610030 U CN2009200610030 U CN 2009200610030U CN 200920061003 U CN200920061003 U CN 200920061003U CN 201449190 U CN201449190 U CN 201449190U
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- heat exchanger
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- tube sheet
- flow guiding
- external flow
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with an external guide cylinder. The heat exchanger comprises a casing, tube plates and channel boxes at the two ends of the casing, a heat exchange pipe for connecting the tube plates at the two ends, a deflection component inside the casing and a support saddle for supporting the heat exchanger, wherein the channel boxes at the two ends of the casing are arranged on the outer sides of the tube plates, and the casing is provided with at least one prestressed external guide cylinder which is arranged at the inlet or the outlet of the shell side of the heat exchanger. The external guide cylinder of the utility model improves the processing capacity of the heat exchanger, prevents fluid at the inlet from impacting the heat exchange pipe to ensure uniform distribution of the fluid, facilitates the treatment of the prestress, reduces the pressure and temperature difference stresses of the heat exchanger under the operating conditions, and improves the reliability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of heat exchangers, particularly a kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger with external flow guiding cylinder.
Background technology
Heat exchanger is to use exchange heat equipment very widely in national economy and the industrial production, in various types of heat exchangers, shell-and-tube heat exchanger is because of simple in structure, use reliable, advantage such as easily manufactured and obtain extensive use, wherein especially with the use of fixed tube-sheet exchanger for the widest, but the greatest weakness of fixed tube-sheet exchanger is the big and temperature difference greatly the time when the pressure reduction of tube side and shell side, perhaps when tubulation different with shell material and when causing pipe and housing linear expansion coefficient inconsistent, tend to cause that the distortion of pipe and housing is inconsistent, cause pipe on tube sheet, to be pulled or leak.This stress that is caused by the pressure reduction and the temperature difference often causes damage of facilities, and the pressure reduction and the temperature difference are big more, and this breakoff phenomenon is serious more.The method that reduces stress level between shell traditionally mainly is that expansion joint is set, and expansion joint adopts floating head type, U-shaped tubular type etc., but its complex structure, manufacturing cost are also high.In order to solve the problem of this respect, a kind of manufacture method of shell-type prestressed heat exchanger in being 96116870.6 patent application, number of patent application is disclosed, this method is to reserve a girth joint on heat exchanger shell, treat after heat exchanging pipe applies prestressing force again with the girth joint sealing, stress application is to realize by feed thermal medium in heat exchanging pipe, applying prestressed size then realizes by the temperature approach between the heat exchange medium before the control sealing, but this method is only controlled the size of thermal (temperature difference) stress, do not mention prestressing force compensation problem for other load effects, because thermal (temperature difference) stress is generally smaller, also difficult control, thereby the occasion that is suitable for aborning is wideless.In addition, a kind of prestressed shell-and-tube heat exchanger and manufacture method thereof are disclosed in number of patent application is 00114032.9 patent application, and a kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger is disclosed in number of patent application is 200720078809.1 patent application, this in two heat exchanger all be to utilize mechanical load to apply prestressing force; Number of patent application is that its manufacture method also is to reserve a girth joint on heat exchanger shell in 0011403209 the patent application, adopt machinery or hydraulic way and exchange heat pipe to adopt Electric heating to load to tube sheet and make heat exchanger produce integrated prestress, and then with the girth joint sealing; And number of patent application is in 200720078809.1 the patent application, and its method also is to leave a girth joint on the heat exchanger cylindrical shell, applies axial prestress for tube bundle assembly integral body by the loaded ring that is connected on the tube sheet, and then with the girth joint sealing.More than all have a common characteristic in three patents, be exactly to reserve a girth joint on housing, this not only makes the manufacturing process complexity, and after having welded girth joint, housing can produce bigger residual stress, so that may offset original prestressing force fully.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger with external flow guiding cylinder is provided, and this heat exchanger structure is simple, can effectively reduce the pressure reduction and the temperature difference destructiveness to equipment.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger with external flow guiding cylinder, comprise housing, be located at the tube sheet at housing two ends and bobbin carriage, the heat exchanger tube of connection housing two ends tube sheet, be located at the baffling assembly of enclosure interior and be used to support the bearing of heat exchanger, the bobbin carriage at housing two ends is located at the outside of tube sheet respectively, wherein said housing has an external flow guiding cylinder through autofrettage at least, and described external flow guiding cylinder is located at the entrance point or the port of export of heat exchanger shell pass.
Described external flow guiding cylinder is the cylindrical structure that both sides are respectively equipped with positive toroidal shell and negative toroidal shell, and positive toroidal shell is connected with negative toroidal shell, and negative toroidal shell is connected with described housing.
In order to realize the utility model better, can also connect by conical shell or ring flat-plate between described positive toroidal shell and the negative toroidal shell.
The cone angle of described conical shell is 45～90 °.
Described baffling assembly comprises a plurality of deflection plates and is used for a plurality of pull bars of support fixation deflection plate, and deflection plate one end is fixed on the shell wall of housing, and pull bar one end is fixed on the tube sheet of housing one end.
Described tube sheet has flange arrangement, and flange arrangement is provided with the bolt hole that is used for being connected or being used to connect with bobbin carriage steel wire rope.
The utility model is used for the processing method of the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of above-mentioned band external flow guiding cylinder, may further comprise the steps:
(1) after moulding has the housing of external flow guiding cylinder, the baffling assembly is installed on the enclosure interior of heat exchanger, heat exchanger tube one end is welded on the tube sheet of housing one end, the tube sheet with the housing two ends welds respectively tightly on housing then;
(2) connect the multi beam steel wire rope respectively on the flange arrangement of housing two ends tube sheet, the other end of steel wire rope is connected with hoist engine respectively;
(3) start the hoist engine at housing two ends simultaneously, the flange arrangement at steel wire rope pulling housing two ends, housing drives external flow guiding cylinder and stretches or compression to both sides, and the predeformation that produces until external flow guiding cylinder reaches predetermined value;
(4) keeping under the state of predeformation, the other end of heat exchanger tube is being welded in respectively on the tube sheet of the housing other end;
(5) treat that heat exchanger tube and tube sheet all welds and cool off after, remove the hoist engine and the steel wire rope at housing two ends, outside the tube sheet at housing two ends, install bobbin carriage respectively, so far finish the autofrettage of heat exchanging device.
When being with the housing moulding of external flow guiding cylinder described in the step (1), with the each several part structure welding of external flow guiding cylinder, respectively with the negative toroidal shell and the housing welding of external flow guiding cylinder both sides, form the housing of being with external flow guiding cylinder more earlier; The each several part structure of described external flow guiding cylinder comprises the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder middle part that connects successively, positive toroidal shell, negative toroidal shell, the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder that perhaps connects successively middle part, positive toroidal shell, conical shell or ring flat-plate, negative toroidal shell.
Drive external flow guiding cylinder when both sides stretch when housing in the described step (3), when the predetermined value that external flow guiding cylinder produces predeformation is the heat exchanger operate as normal 50～100% of its thermal (temperature difference) stress; When housing drives external flow guiding cylinder when both sides are compressed, when the predetermined value that external flow guiding cylinder produces predeformation is the heat exchanger operate as normal 50～80% of the difference of its housing and heat exchanger tube elongation.
When the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of band external flow guiding cylinder of the present utility model uses, its operation principle is: the autofrettage that the external flow guiding cylinder on housing is stretched, in shell side, feed high temperature thermal medium, after in tube side, feeding low-temperature heat medium, heat exchanger tube with respect to expanded by heating, the elongation of housing is bigger, and the predeformation that produces when this relative deformation and heat exchanger are made is cancelled out each other, thereby has improved the stress state when heat exchanger is worked; External flow guiding cylinder on housing is through the autofrettage of overcompression, in shell side, feed low-temperature heat medium, after in tube side, feeding high temperature thermal medium, heat exchanger tube with respect to expanded by heating, the elongation of housing is less, the predeformation that produces when this relative deformation and heat exchanger are made is cancelled out each other, thereby has improved the stress state when heat exchanger is worked.
Compare with above-mentioned prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1, heat exchanger shell of the present utility model is provided with external flow guiding cylinder, can increase the disposal ability of equipment, and can prevent of the impact of porch thermal medium to heat-exchanging tube bundle in the housing, and can make the even fluid distribution of shell side, and the heat-transfer area of shell side inducer heat-exchanging tube bundle is fully used, reduce the heat transfer dead band, and prevent the fluid oscillation that the shell side inducer may occur; Also have the certain pressure reduction and the compensating action of the temperature difference simultaneously.
2, heat exchanger of the present utility model is through autofrettage, stress and prestressing force owing to pressure reduction and temperature difference generation when making heat exchanger work offset, thereby the stress when having improved heat exchanger work reduces pressure reduction and thermal (temperature difference) stress, makes the heat exchanger functional reliability significantly improve.
3, the external flow guiding cylinder that is provided with on the heat exchanger shell of the present utility model makes the easier enforcement of autofrettage process and the control of heat exchanger, and simple to operation.
4, autofrettage method of the present utility model is the external flow guiding cylinder on the housing to be applied preload, need not reserve a girth joint during fabrication on the housing, therefore not only thoroughly eliminate the residual stress that causes by girth joint, improved the heat exchanger reliability during operation simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a heat exchanger structure schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is for being provided with the structural representation of the external flow guiding cylinder of conical shell between the positive and negative toroidal shell in the heat exchanger of the present utility model.
The structural representation of external flow guiding cylinder one side when Fig. 3 is 90 ° (being to be provided with ring flat-plate between the positive and negative ring) for the tapering of conical shell shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of external flow guiding cylinder one side that is connected with housing by positive and negative toroidal shell in the heat exchanger of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the autofrettage method of embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the autofrettage method of embodiment 2.
After Fig. 7 is heat exchanger process of the present utility model autofrettage, the predeformation view of its external flow guiding cylinder one side.
Fig. 8 is the A partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited thereto.
A kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of present embodiment with external flow guiding cylinder, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise housing 5, be located at the tube sheet 1 at housing two ends and bobbin carriage 6, connect housing 5 two ends tube sheets 1 heat exchanger tube 3, be located at the baffling assembly of housing 5 inside and be used to support the bearing 7 of heat exchanger, the bobbin carriage 6 at housing 5 two ends is located at the outside of tube sheet 1 respectively, its middle shell 5 has an external flow guiding cylinder 2 through autofrettage at least, and external flow guiding cylinder 2 is located at the entrance point 9 or the port of export 10 of heat exchanger shell pass.
The cylindrical structure of external flow guiding cylinder 2 positive toroidal shell 11 and negative toroidal shell 12 for both sides are respectively equipped with, as shown in Figure 4, positive toroidal shell 11 is connected with negative toroidal shell 12, bears toroidal shell 12 and is connected with housing 5.
In order to realize present embodiment better,, can also connect by conical shell 13 or ring flat-plate 19 between positive toroidal shell 11 and the negative toroidal shell 12 as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 8; Wherein the cone angle of conical shell can be 45～90 °, and when cone angle was 90 °, the structure of external flow guiding cylinder 2 one sides was a ring flat-plate between positive toroidal shell 11 and the negative toroidal shell 12 as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 1, the baffling assembly comprises a plurality of deflection plates 8 and is used for a plurality of pull bars 4 of support fixation deflection plate, and deflection plate 8 one ends are fixed on the shell wall of housing 5, and pull bar 4 one ends are fixed on the tube sheet 1 of housing 5 one ends; Tube sheet 1 has flange arrangement, and flange arrangement is provided with the bolt hole 14 that is used for being connected or being used to connect with bobbin carriage steel wire rope
Present embodiment is used for the processing method of the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of above-mentioned band external flow guiding cylinder, may further comprise the steps:
(1) after moulding has the housing 5 of external flow guiding cylinder 2, the baffling assembly is installed on housing 5 inside of heat exchanger, heat exchanger tube 3 one ends is welded on the tube sheet 1 of housing 5 one ends, the tube sheet 1 with housing 5 two ends welds respectively tightly on housing 5 then;
(2) as shown in Figure 5, connect multi beam steel wire rope 15 respectively on the flange arrangement of housing 5 two ends tube sheets 1, the other end of steel wire rope 15 is connected with hoist engine 16 respectively;
(3) start the hoist engine 16 at housing 5 two ends simultaneously, the flange arrangement at steel wire rope 15 pulling housings 5 two ends, housing 5 drives external flow guiding cylinders 2 and stretches to both sides, and the predeformation that produces until external flow guiding cylinder reaches predetermined value, and its predeformation state is shown in the dotted line 17 of Fig. 7;
(4) keeping under the state of predeformation, the other end of heat exchanger tube 3 is being welded in respectively on the tube sheet 1 of housing 5 other ends;
(5) treat that heat exchanger tube 3 and tube sheet 1 have all welded and cool off after, remove the hoist engine 16 and the steel wire rope 15 at housing 5 two ends, install bobbin carriage 6 respectively in tube sheet 1 outside at housing 5 two ends, so far finish the autofrettage of heat exchanging device.
When being with housing 5 moulding of external flow guiding cylinder 2 in the step (1), elder generation is with the each several part structure welding of external flow guiding cylinder 2, and respectively with the negative toroidal shell 12 and housing 5 welding of external flow guiding cylinder 2 both sides, the housing 5 of external flow guiding cylinder 2 is with in formation again; The each several part structure of external flow guiding cylinder 2 comprises the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder middle part that connects successively, positive toroidal shell 11, negative toroidal shell 12, the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder that perhaps connects successively middle part, positive toroidal shell 11, conical shell 13 or ring flat-plate 19, negative toroidal shell 12.
Drive external flow guiding cylinders 2 when both sides stretch when housing 5 in the step (3), when the predetermined value of external flow guiding cylinder 2 generation predeformation is the heat exchanger operate as normal 50～100% of its thermal (temperature difference) stress.
When the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the band external flow guiding cylinder of present embodiment uses, its operation principle is: the autofrettage that external flow guiding cylinder on housing 52 is stretched, in shell side, feed high temperature thermal medium, after in tube side, feeding low-temperature heat medium, heat exchanger tube 3 with respect to expanded by heating, the elongation of housing 5 is bigger, and the predeformation that produces when this relative deformation and heat exchanger are made is cancelled out each other, thereby has improved the stress state when heat exchanger is worked.
A kind of fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger with external flow guiding cylinder of present embodiment, its structure is identical with embodiment 1.
Present embodiment is used for the processing method of the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of above-mentioned band external flow guiding cylinder, may further comprise the steps:
(1) after moulding has the housing 5 of external flow guiding cylinder 2, the baffling assembly is installed on housing 5 inside of heat exchanger, heat exchanger tube 3 one ends is welded on the tube sheet 1 of housing 5 one ends, the tube sheet 1 with housing 5 two ends welds respectively tightly on housing 5 then;
(2) as shown in Figure 5, connect multi beam steel wire rope 15 respectively on the flange arrangement of housing 5 two ends tube sheets 1, the other end of steel wire rope 15 intersects respectively and is connected with the hoist engine 16 that is positioned at housing 5 other ends;
(3) start the hoist engine 16 at housing 5 two ends simultaneously, the tube sheet 1 at steel wire rope 15 pulling housings 5 two ends, housing 5 drives external flow guiding cylinders 2 to the both sides compression, and the predeformation that produces until external flow guiding cylinder 2 reaches predetermined value, and its predeformation state is shown in the dotted line 18 of Fig. 7;
(4) keeping under the state of predeformation, the other end of heat exchanger tube 3 is being welded in respectively on the tube sheet 1 of housing 5 other ends;
(5) treat that heat exchanger tube 3 and tube sheet 1 have all welded and cool off after, remove the hoist engine 16 and the steel wire rope 15 at housing 5 two ends, install bobbin carriage 6 respectively in tube sheet 1 outside at housing 5 two ends, so far finish the autofrettage of heat exchanging device.
When being with housing 5 moulding of external flow guiding cylinder 2 in the step (1), elder generation is with the each several part structure welding of external flow guiding cylinder 2, and respectively with the negative toroidal shell 12 and housing 5 welding of external flow guiding cylinder 2 both sides, the housing 5 of external flow guiding cylinder 2 is with in formation again; The each several part structure of external flow guiding cylinder 2 comprises the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder middle part that connects successively, positive toroidal shell 11, negative toroidal shell 12, the cylindrical structure at the external flow guiding cylinder that perhaps connects successively middle part, positive toroidal shell 11, conical shell 13 or ring flat-plate 19, negative toroidal shell 12.
Drive external flow guiding cylinders 2 when both sides stretch when housing 5 in the step (3), when the predetermined value that external flow guiding cylinder 2 produces predeformation is the heat exchanger operate as normal 50～80% of the difference of its housing 5 and heat exchanger tube 3 elongations.
When the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the band external flow guiding cylinder of present embodiment uses, its operation principle is: the external flow guiding cylinder 2 on housing 5 is through the autofrettage of overcompression, in shell side, feed low-temperature heat medium, after in tube side, feeding high temperature thermal medium, heat exchanger tube 3 with respect to expanded by heating, the elongation of housing 5 is less, and the predeformation that produces when this relative deformation and heat exchanger are made is cancelled out each other, thereby has improved the stress state when heat exchanger is worked.
As mentioned above, just can realize the utility model preferably, the foregoing description is preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present utility model; Be that all equalizations of being done according to the utility model content change and modification, all contained by the utility model claim scope required for protection.
Claims (6)
1. be with the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of external flow guiding cylinder, comprise housing, be located at the tube sheet at housing two ends and bobbin carriage, the heat exchanger tube of connection housing two ends tube sheet, be located at the baffling assembly of enclosure interior and be used to support the bearing of heat exchanger, the bobbin carriage at housing two ends is located at the outside of tube sheet respectively, it is characterized in that, described housing has an external flow guiding cylinder through autofrettage at least, and described external flow guiding cylinder is located at the entrance point or the port of export of heat exchanger shell pass.
2. according to the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the described band external flow guiding cylinder of claim 1, it is characterized in that described external flow guiding cylinder is the cylindrical structure that both sides are respectively equipped with positive toroidal shell and negative toroidal shell, positive toroidal shell is connected with negative toroidal shell, and negative toroidal shell is connected with described housing.
3. according to the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the described band external flow guiding cylinder of claim 2, it is characterized in that, connect by conical shell or ring flat-plate between described positive toroidal shell and the negative toroidal shell.
4. according to the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the described band external flow guiding cylinder of claim 3, it is characterized in that the cone angle of described conical shell is 45～90 °.
5. according to the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the described band external flow guiding cylinder of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described baffling assembly comprises a plurality of deflection plates and is used for a plurality of pull bars of support fixation deflection plate, deflection plate one end is fixed on the shell wall of housing, and pull bar one end is fixed on the tube sheet of housing one end.
6. according to the fixed tube sheet type prestressed heat exchanger of the described band external flow guiding cylinder of claim 1, it is characterized in that described tube sheet has flange arrangement, flange arrangement is provided with the bolt hole that is used for being connected or being used to connect with bobbin carriage steel wire rope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200610030U CN201449190U (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with external guide cylinder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200610030U CN201449190U (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with external guide cylinder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201449190U true CN201449190U (en) | 2010-05-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009200610030U Expired - Fee Related CN201449190U (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Fixed tube sheet type prestress heat exchanger with external guide cylinder |
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| CN (1) | CN201449190U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564166A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Disc-shaped tube-sheet heat exchanger with flexible connecting rings |
| CN103954153A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 山东北辰机电设备股份有限公司 | Multipath pure countercurrent shell-and-tube type heat exchanger |
-
2009
- 2009-07-21 CN CN2009200610030U patent/CN201449190U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102564166A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-11 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Disc-shaped tube-sheet heat exchanger with flexible connecting rings |
| CN103954153A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 山东北辰机电设备股份有限公司 | Multipath pure countercurrent shell-and-tube type heat exchanger |
| CN103954153B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2015-10-28 | 山东北辰机电设备股份有限公司 | The pure reverse stream pipe shell heat exchanger of multipaths |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100505 Termination date: 20120721 |