A kind of feedwater is the superheated steam injection boiler of desalination not
Technical field
The utility model relates to oil recovery technique field, oil field, particularly a kind of uphole steam generator, the oil field gas injection superheated steam injection boiler of the low water quality feedwater that relate in particular to and adopt carbonated drink Natural Circulation structure, has the superheater device, employing does not remove salt.
Background technology
The oil field in order to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil in the stratum, strengthens the flowability of crude oil in recovery process, improve the oil extraction rate, adopts usually and inject high-pressure and high-temperature steam in oil well, and the crude oil in stratum and the stratum is heated, and exploits then.The equipment that generation is used for injection high temperature and high pressure steam in oil well is called as uphole steam generator.
Uphole steam generator has pressure height, relative capacity features of smaller.At present, traditional oil field gas injection all adopts fuel oil, combustion gas direct current cooker with boiler, and feedwater enters the boiler coil pipe heats, and the steam water interface medium after the heating vaporization directly injects oil well by pipeline.For the salinity in preventing to feed water deposits on heating surface, the mass dryness fraction that must control the boiler steam water interface was not more than for 80% (containing steam 80%, water 20%).It is little that this kind boiler has a volume, starts fast advantage, still, reduced the thermal capacity of thermal medium owing to steam is moisture, reduced oil recovery efficiency; Fuel adopts fuel oil or natural gas, shortcomings such as operating cost height.
With under the equal pressure, superheated steam has higher heat carrying capacity than steam water interface steam, therefore with superheated steam as the oil field gas injection medium, be the advantageous methods that improves the oil well oil yield.Therefore, along with the demand of the efficient DP technology in oil field to steam quality improves, make oilfield exploitation annotate the vapour industry and begin to attempt using the dum boiler that has perfect water separator to make injection boiler, and employed fuel is orientated as diffusing coal.
At present, the notes vapour boiler of Oilfield using carries abundant heat to underground injection in order to guarantee thermal medium, and the tool thermal medium has stronger diffusivity, generally requires thermal medium pressure greater than 9.8MPa.Yet, when boiler under high pressure conditions, the steam of generation carries the salinity ability and increases.When adopting superheater, in order to reduce the entrained deposition of salinity on the superheater tube wall of steam (containing the low amounts of water of thoroughly not carrying) that after carbonated drink is separated, enters in the drum in the superheater because of separating as far as possible, water quality requirement to boiler feedwater improves, and requires boiler feedwater to handle through desalination.When water quality can not meet the demands, superheater tube will produce phenomenons such as the tube wall heat transfer is poor, tube wall temperature rising because of inwall salinity deposition, and when flue-gas temperature was higher than the metal pipe-wall heat resisting temperature, tube wall will produce overtemperature and destroy.
Therefore, along with of the raising of the efficient DP technology in oil field to the demand of steam quality, along with improving constantly of requiring of energy-saving and environmental protection, along with oilfield exploitation to improving constantly that equipment economy row requires, make the sector to the demand of the superheated steam injection boiler equipment of low water quality (the not desalination part of feeding water) begin to become more and more urgent.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is: the not superheated steam injection boiler of desalination of a kind of feedwater is provided, employing has superheater device, carbonated drink Natural Circulation, adopt low water quality requirement (feedwater does not remove salt), can produce the oil well that carries more heats and annotate the vapour superheated steam; And can reduce smog discharge temperature, reduce the operating cost of boiler.Overcome present injection boiler and produce the steam water interface medium to contain thermal capacity little, inject oil well after, the inefficient deficiency of oil extraction, overcome the high deficiency of boiler feedwater desalination operating cost simultaneously.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the not superheated steam injection boiler of desalination feeds water, mainly by combustion apparatus, allocation set case, down-comer, furnace wall, burner hearth, evaporation heating facial canal, compile collection case, drum, water separator, carbonated drink fairlead, steam guiding tube, feed pipe, economizer, superheater and air preheater and form, in furnace wall inside burner hearth is arranged, in burner hearth, be fixed with the evaporation heating facial canal, rear side at burner hearth has flue, and the boiler outlet flue is arranged at the bottom of flue.It is characterized in that: in the bottom of described evaporation heating facial canal and link to each other with evaporating heating surface water inlet tube mouth the allocation set case arranged, be fixed with combustion apparatus in the bottom of allocation set case.On the top of described evaporation heating facial canal and link to each other with the outlet of evaporation heating facial canal the collection of compiling case arranged, compiling the top that collects case and being fixed with drum, water separator is arranged in the drum at the top of furnace wall.Water separator and compile collection and be connected with the carbonated drink fairlead between the case.Be connected with down-comer between water separator and allocation set case, the outlet of down-comer connects the allocation set case.Vapor outlet at water separator is connected with steam guiding tube, and the other end of steam guiding tube connects the air intake of superheater.Superheater is fixed in the flue of boiler.Water inlet at water separator is connected with feed pipe, and the other end of feed pipe connects the delivery port of economizer.Economizer is fixed in the flue of boiler.
Described economizer is fixed on the top of superheater, i.e. the high-temperature flue gas of boiler generation at first passes through economizer, passes through superheater then.Superheater is in flue and be arranged in flue gas low-temperature (being not more than the temperature that the heating surface tube material can bear) zone after the economizer.
In order to improve the thermal efficiency of boiler.Be fixed with air preheater in the flue of boiler.The air outlet slit of air preheater is connected with air duct, and the exhaust outlet of air duct is connected to the bottom air inlet of combustion apparatus.Air preheater heats cold air, and the hot-air after the heating is from being sent into combustion apparatus and promoting fuel combustion by air duct.
Described air preheater is fixed on the bottom of superheater.Promptly, pass through air preheater again, discharge from the boiler outlet flue at last by the high-temperature flue gas behind the superheater.
Described evaporation heating facial canal can adopt coil pipe, also can adopt vertical straight tube.
Described drum is cylindric, and crosswise fixed is at the top of furnace wall.
Surperficial continuous blow off equipment is arranged on drum, and surperficial continuous blow off equipment is made up of sewage suction device and sewage discharge device, and sewage suction device is arranged in below the interior water surface of drum, near the position of the water surface.The blowdown rate of surface continuous blow off equipment reaches 5%.
Air inlet at described air preheater is connected with air blast, and air blast is sent cold air into air preheater and heated.
Carbonated drink fairlead and drum are the main carbonated drink natural cycle system of forming.The steam that produces in the evaporation heating facial canal enters drum through Natural Circulation, enters superheater through steam guiding tube again after the water separator in drum separates and carries out overheatedly, and the superheated steam that produces through overheated back directly is sent to annotates the vapour well.
Fuel is added combustion apparatus by fuel inlet, enter in the boiler and burn, produce high-temperature flue gas in burner hearth, high-temperature flue gas by burner hearth heating evaporation heating surface tube, enters flue successively then; In flue,, again by superheater, pass through air preheater then, at last outside the boiler outlet flue is got rid of boiler at first by economizer.High-temperature flue gas heats evaporation heating facial canal, economizer, superheater and the air preheater that is arranged in sealing furnace wall and the flue in process of flowing.
Drum also claims drum, and it is the connection hinge of heating, evaporation, overheated three processes, guarantees the normal water circulation of boiler.Drum is formed by end socket and cylindrical shell assembly welding.Be divided into air space and hydrospace in the drum.In order to carry out steam purification and down-comer is reliably supplied water, guarantee the circulation of boiler normal water.The water-flow circuit of Natural Circulation by drum, water separator, steam guiding tube, down-comer, evaporation heating facial canal, compile collection case and allocation set case and form.In order to guarantee that down-comer is reliably supplied water, must keep certain water level in the drum.
The effect of economizer is to absorb the feedwater of fume afterheat heating boiler, reduces exhaust gas temperature, improves boiler thermal output.The coal device preheats boiler feedwater, and the feedwater after preheating enters in the drum by feed pipe.
The effect of air preheater is to absorb fume afterheat heating fuel combustion air, reduces exhaust gas temperature, improves boiler thermal output, improves fuel economy.Air preheater preheats with air fuel, and the hot-air after preheating enters into combustion apparatus by hot-air duct.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: the utility model not superheated steam injection boiler of desalination that feeds water, adopt carbonated drink Natural Circulation structure, adopt the low oil field gas injection boiler that requires water quality (not desalination feeds water), produces superheated steam, boiler feedwater treatment facility cost, feedwater treatment operating costs have been saved, improve and annotate the entrained heat of vapour, thereby improved well recovery efficient.
The specific condition that the utility model recovers the oil at the oil field steam injection, poor as open-air running environment, equipment pressure height, superheated steam overtemperature require lower,<400 ℃, adopt simple water treatment facilities (feedwater does not remove salt).Simultaneously, improve drum surface blow-off rate, bring up to 5% from 2% of standard recommendation; And in the flue gas flow channel that boiler setting is formed, arrange superheater, superheater is in the economizer back.The temperature of high-temperature flue gas has been evaporated heating surface tube, economizer is reduced to and is higher than required superheat steam temperature, general below 400 ℃, be lower than superheater pipe steel maximum permissible service temperature (560~580 ℃), make the superheater tube inwall allow produce the salinity deposition and the superheater tube breakoff phenomenon does not take place, the deposition salt reuses after adopting regular cleaning to remove in the superheater tube simultaneously.Guarantee the safe operation of the superheated steam injection boiler of the low water quality of feedwater (feedwater does not remove salt).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model not superheated steam injection boiler structural profile schematic diagram of desalination that feeds water.Down-comer 3, evaporation heating facial canal 6, carbonated drink fairlead 11, steam guiding tube 12, feed pipe 13 and air duct 18 adopt dotted line to represent.The direction of arrow indication is the direction that gas fume after burning, boiler feedwater, steam or air flow.
Fig. 2 is A-A section and the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Among the figure, 1. combustion apparatus, 2. allocation set case, 3. down-comer, 4. furnace wall, 5. burner hearth, 6. evaporation heating facial canal, 7. surperficial continuous blow off equipment 8. compiles the collection case, 9. drum, 10. water separator, 11. carbonated drink fairleads, 12. steam guiding tubes, 13. feed pipe, 14. economizers, 15. superheaters, 16. air preheater, 17. boiler outlet flues, 18. air ducts.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: feed water not with one that the superheated steam injection boiler of desalination is an example, the utility model is described in further detail.
Consult Fig. 1.The utility model not superheated steam injection boiler of desalination that feeds water, mainly by combustion apparatus 1, allocation set case 2, down-comer 3, furnace wall 4, burner hearth 5, evaporation heating facial canal 6, compile collection case 8, drum 9, water separator 10, carbonated drink fairlead 11, steam guiding tube 12, feed pipe 13, economizer 14, superheater 15 and air preheater 16 and form, in furnace wall 5 inside burner hearth 5 is arranged, be fixed with evaporation heating facial canal 6 in burner hearth 5, evaporation heating facial canal 6 adopts many vertical straight tubes.Rear side at burner hearth 5 has a flue, and boiler outlet flue 17 is arranged at the bottom of flue.
In the bottom of described evaporation heating facial canal 6 and link to each other with evaporation heating facial canal 6 water inlets allocation set case 2 arranged, being fixed on boiler bottom in the bottom of allocation set case 2 has combustion apparatus 1.There is fuel inlet outer end at combustion apparatus 1.
On the top of described evaporation heating facial canal 6 and link to each other with 6 outlets of evaporation heating facial canal have to compile and collect case 8, compiling the top that collects case 8 and be fixed with a drum 9 at the top of furnace wall 4, drum 9 is cylindric, crosswise fixed is at the top of furnace wall 5.Water separator 10 is arranged in the drum 9.Water separator 10 and compile collection and be connected with carbonated drink fairlead 11 between the case 8.Be connected with down-comer 3 between water separator 10 and allocation set case 2, the outlet of down-comer 3 connects allocation set case 2.Vapor outlet at water separator 10 is connected with steam guiding tube 12, and the other end of steam guiding tube 12 connects the air intake of a superheater 15.Superheater 15 is fixed in the flue of boiler.Water inlet at water separator 10 is connected with feed pipe 13, and the other end of feed pipe 13 connects the delivery port of an economizer 14.Economizer 14 is fixed in the flue of boiler.Economizer 14 is fixed on the top of superheater 15.Superheater 15 is in flue and be arranged in flue gas low-temperature (being not more than the temperature that the heating surface tube material can bear) zone after the economizer 14.In the flue of boiler, be fixed with an air preheater 16.The air outlet slit of air preheater 16 is connected with air duct 18, and the exhaust outlet of air duct 18 is connected to the bottom air inlet of combustion apparatus 1.Air inlet at air preheater 16 is connected with an air blast.
Surperficial continuous blow off equipment 7 is arranged on drum 9, and surperficial continuous blow off equipment 7 is made up of sewage suction device and sewage discharge device, and sewage suction device is arranged in below the interior water surface of drum, near the position of the water surface.The blowdown rate of surface continuous blow off equipment 7 reaches 5%.
The not operation principle of the superheated steam injection boiler of desalination feeds water:
Consult Fig. 1.Heating surface comprises that the evaporation heating facial canal 6, economizer 14, superheater 15, the air preheater 16 that are arranged in the burner hearth 5 are arranged in the flue gas flow channel of this sealing successively.During boiler operatiopn, fuel is added in the fuel inlet of combustion apparatus 1, and in boiler, burn with the hot-air of cause air duct 18, the high-temperature flue gas that the burning back produces, pass through burner hearth 5, economizer 14, superheater 15, air preheater 16, boiler flue gas outlet 17 successively, discharge boiler.Temperature after the cooling of the evaporation heating facial canal 6 that described high-temperature flue gas is arranged in burner hearth 5, economizer 14, superheater 15, air preheater 16 can be reduced to below 200C °.
Boiler feedwater at first feeds economizer 14, through heating after feed pipe 13 feeds drum 9 of economizer 14.
Drum 9 links to each other with allocation set case 2 by down-comer 3; Drum 9 by carbonated drink fairlead 11 with compile the collection case 8 link to each other; Allocation set case 2, compile collection and be furnished with between the case 8 and be attached thereto the evaporation heating facial canal 6 that connects; Drum 9, down-comer 3, allocation set case 2, evaporation heating facial canal 6, compile collection case 8, carbonated drink fairlead 11 and form the carbonated drink natural convection loops, WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM in the evaporation heating facial canal 6 from down-comer 3, in burner hearth 5, produce steam under the heating of high-temperature flue gas, do not contain the density contrast between the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM of steam in the carbonated drink medium that contains steam by evaporation heating facial canal 6 and the down-comer 3, promotion carbonated drink is carried out Natural Circulation in this circulatory system.
The steam of being brought into by evaporation heating facial canal 6 in the drum 9 is through water separator 10, remove the contained most of moisture of steam and carry out the overheated heating of steam after steam guiding tube 12 imports superheater 15, steam through overheated heating becomes superheated steam, directly is sent to the producing well of steam injection.
The cold air that comes from user's air blast enters air preheater 16, burns send into combustion apparatus 1 bottom and wherein fuel mix by air duct 18 UNICOMs after heating after, and produces high-temperature flue gas, enters burner hearth 5.
In the drum 9, be furnished with surperficial continuous blow off equipment 7, be responsible for getting rid of the high brackish water in water surface zone in the drum 9, to reduce the entrained salt amount of steam that is sent to steam guiding tube 12 by drum 9 through water separator 10, thereby reduce the mineralization in the superheater 15, blowdown rate adopts 5% to be higher than 2% of standard recommendation.
Superheater 15 is arranged to economizer 14 in the flue gas flow channel that is made of furnace wall 4 after, after the cooling of this regional flue-gas temperature through evaporation heating facial canal 6, economizer 14, temperature is reduced to below the superheater 15 interior metal pipe maximum permissible service temperatures (560~580 ℃), to guarantee when in this pipe during salification, tube wall temperature still below maximum permissible service temperature, guarantees to be perfectly safe.
Feeding water not, the superheated steam injection boiler of desalination has adopted carbonated drink Natural Circulation, the low water quality that requires of employing (feedwater does not remove salt), generation superheated steam, boiler feedwater treatment facility cost and feedwater treatment operating costs have been saved, improved and annotated the heat that vapour carries, improved well recovery efficient.