CN201398081Y - 低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置 - Google Patents

低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置 Download PDF

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CN201398081Y
CN201398081Y CN200920300751XU CN200920300751U CN201398081Y CN 201398081 Y CN201398081 Y CN 201398081Y CN 200920300751X U CN200920300751X U CN 200920300751XU CN 200920300751 U CN200920300751 U CN 200920300751U CN 201398081 Y CN201398081 Y CN 201398081Y
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compensation device
low
reactive
filter
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喻德来
刘新根
杨圣利
孙菲
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Hangzhou Yinhu Electric Equipment Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置,解决了现有技术中无源滤波在运行时对无功不具可调性,很难满足系统频繁、快速变化的无功需要的缺点,包括采样电路、控制器、磁控电抗器和滤波设备,所述的滤波设备是由多个无源滤波支路组成;无源滤波支路由滤波电抗器和滤波电容器串联而成,通过控制控制器内的可控硅的控制角进行自动控制,真正实现柔性补偿,避免了无源滤波支路投切涌流对系统的冲击,因此滤波效果佳,并能平滑调节无功,平衡系统无功,另外,该装置的结构简单、运行可靠性高、使用成本较低。

Description

低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及三相交流输配电系统的谐波治理及系统无功柔性补偿控制技术领域,尤其是低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置。
背景技术
随着现代电力电子技术的不断发展,非线性用电设备在电网中大量投运,造成了电网的谐波污染越来越严重,同时,电网中大量存在感性负荷,比如电动机、变压器及日光灯等都是感性负荷,这些感性负荷在投运过程中严重降低了电网的功率因数。造成电网的供电电能质量的恶化和用电设备的利用率降低。谐波对发动机、变压器、电动机、电容器等所有连接于电网的电器设备都有大小不等的危害,主要是产生谐波附加损耗,使得设备过载过热以及谐波过电压加速设备的绝缘老化,谐波污染也会增加电缆等输电线路的损耗,对通讯质量有较大的影响,而且当谐波分量较高时,可能会引起继电保护的误动作。
目前,绝大多数电力用户普遍采用以下两种方法来解决上述问题:
第一,在配电系统中并入无源滤波装置PPF(Passive Power filter);
第二,在配电系统中装设FC分组投切电容补偿装置。
对上述两种方法进行分析后得出:第一,采用固定式无源滤波装置针对系统谐波进行谐波治理,可以达到比较好谐波滤除效果,并且,该类装置还具有结构简单、运行稳定、使用成本低等特点。但无源滤波装置运行时投入系统中的无功不具可调性,很难满足系统频繁、快速变化的无功需要。
第二,FC分组投切电容器补偿装置,此装置可以补偿系统无功功率。但不具有滤波功能,同时,只能分级补偿系统的无功功率,装置无功出力不具连续可调性,容易产生过补或欠补现象。
2007年9月12日公告的公告号为CN100337379C的专利文献,名称为基于磁控电抗器的电压无功综合控制装置,其中触发控制模块接在三相六柱环氧浇注干式磁控电抗器,脉冲电光转换电路连接在触发控制模块和智能控制模块之间,电容器投切模块连接到外部电容器组断路器线圈,电抗器保护模块连接到外部磁控电抗器断路器线圈,监测到三相六柱环氧浇注干式磁控电抗器异常时,自动切除磁控电抗器。这种结构的控制装置本身的磁控电抗器、电容器组和负载分接开关综合控制,这样容易在电网中存在过剩的容性无功,造成电网不平衡,而且整体结构比较复杂,使用成本比较高。
发明内容
本实用新型解决了现有技术中无源滤波在运行时对无功不具可调性,很难满足系统频繁、快速变化的无功需要的缺点,提供一种低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,滤波效果佳,并能平滑调节无功,平衡系统无功。
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置,包括采样电路、控制器、磁控电抗器和滤波设备,所述的滤波设备是由多个无源滤波支路组成;无源滤波支路由滤波电抗器和滤波电容器串联而成;磁控电抗器内部设有铁心;采样电路包括电压采样电路和电流采样电路,电压采样电路和电流采样电路分别接入控制器;电压采样电路与三相交流电相接;磁控电抗器和无源滤波支路并联接在三相交流电上,并在三相交流电上接有避雷器;磁控电抗器与三相交流电连接的线路上串联有电流互感器,电流互感器的一路信号线连接到控制器,三相交流电与电流互感器之间接有塑壳断路器,三相交流电与无源滤波支路之间接有塑壳断路器。所述的磁控电抗器采用直流助磁原理,利用自身感应的直流励磁磁化铁心,改变铁心磁导率,实现电抗值的连续可调;各无源滤波支路与对应的特征谐波而言,其阻抗值非常小,因此可以吸收掉要滤除的谐波,由此消除电网中谐波对电力设备、保护装置、测量仪表、通讯设施带来的危害和干扰,无源滤波支路对于基波频率而言,它们都是呈容性,也就是相当于一个容性补偿装置,当电网中感性负荷增加时,这些感性负荷在投运过程中严重降低了电网的功率因数,而这些并联在电网中滤波设备能够补偿电网中所需无功,提高电网功率因数,改善电网电能质量;当电网无负荷或者负荷变的很小时,而滤波设备的无功输出是不可调,此时就有可能产生无功倒送现象,但装置中加装了磁控电抗器,可以通过平滑调节磁控电抗器的感性无功,以平衡电网中过剩的容性无功,使电网电压始终处在合格范围内,最终实现无功柔性补偿效果;磁控电抗器内部设置有铁心,不需要外接直流励磁电源,完全由电抗器的内部绕组来实现自动控制,避免了电源故障对系统运行的影响。
本实用新型的有益效果是:通过控制磁控电抗器内的可控硅的控制角进行自动控制,真正实现柔性补偿,避免了无源滤波支路投切涌流对系统的冲击,因此滤波效果佳,并能平滑调节无功,平衡系统无功,另外,该装置的结构简单、运行可靠性高、使用成本较低。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的电路原理图;
图中:1、三相交流电,2、电压采样电路,3、电流采样电路,4、控制器,5、磁控电抗器,6、无源滤波支路,7、滤波电抗器,8、滤波电容器,9、避雷器,10、塑壳断路器,11、电流互感器。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,并结合附图,对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。
实施例:一种低压磁控式滤波无功动态补偿装置,包括电压采样电路2、电流采样电路3、控制器4、磁控电抗器5和滤波设备,电压采样电路和电流采样电路分别接入控制器,电压采样电路与三相交流电1相接,滤波设备是由多个无源滤波支路6并联而成,磁控电抗器和无源滤波支路并联接在三相交流电上,三相交流电上接有避雷器9,磁控电抗器与三相交流电连接的线路上串联有电流互感器,电流互感器的一路信号线连接到控制器,三相交流电与互感器之间接有塑壳断路器10,无源滤波支路由滤波电抗器7和滤波电容器8串联而成,三相交流电与滤波电抗器之间接有塑壳断路器10,磁控电抗器内部设有铁心。
无源滤波支路根据系统谐波工况设计装设,有效滤除电网中存在的谐波;控制器通过对系统电压和电流信号采样,并输出控制触发导通可控硅的脉冲信号,随时跟踪系统无功的变化,平滑调节无功输出,同时,控制器通过对磁控电抗器本体输出电流采样,确定感性无功的大小,使得电网功率因数逐渐接近于1。从而在无源滤波设备对电网谐波滤除的同时,通过调节磁控电抗器感性无功输出,最终实现柔性补偿。
以上所述的实施例只是本实用新型的一种较佳方案,并非对本实用新型作任何形式上的限制,在不超出权利要求所记载的技术方案的前提下还有其它的变体及改型。

Claims (7)

1.一种低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于包括采样电路、控制器(4)、磁控电抗器(5)和滤波设备,所述的滤波设备是由多个无源滤波支路(6)组成,采样电路与控制器相连,磁控电抗器和滤波设备并联连接到三相交流电上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于所述的无源滤波支路由滤波电抗器(7)和滤波电容器(8)串联而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于所述的磁控电抗器内部设有铁心。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于采样电路包括电压采样电路(2)和电流采样电路(1),电压采样电路和电流采样电路分别接入控制器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于所述的电压采样电路与三相交流电相接。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于磁控电抗器和无源滤波支路并联接在三相交流电上,并在三相交流电上接有避雷器(9)。
7.根据权利要求1或3所述的低压滤波无功动态补偿装置,其特征在于所述的磁控电抗器与三相交流电连接的线路上串联有电流互感器(11),电流互感器的一路信号线连接到控制器。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101860035A (zh) * 2010-05-11 2010-10-13 青岛海电电气有限公司 晶闸管控制磁控电抗器的无功补偿系统
CN102723719A (zh) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-10 北京国能子金电气技术有限公司 一种用于高压线路的动态无功电压调节装置及其调节方法
CN104242321A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 佛山市奥里斯特电气有限公司 一种动态tsc滤波补偿装置投切单元控制系统
CN112952851A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-06-11 安徽上造智能设备科技有限公司 一种用于无功功率调节的电抗静止补偿器

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101860035A (zh) * 2010-05-11 2010-10-13 青岛海电电气有限公司 晶闸管控制磁控电抗器的无功补偿系统
CN102723719A (zh) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-10 北京国能子金电气技术有限公司 一种用于高压线路的动态无功电压调节装置及其调节方法
CN104242321A (zh) * 2014-09-17 2014-12-24 佛山市奥里斯特电气有限公司 一种动态tsc滤波补偿装置投切单元控制系统
CN104242321B (zh) * 2014-09-17 2016-08-31 佛山市奥里斯特电气有限公司 一种动态tsc滤波补偿装置投切单元控制系统
CN112952851A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-06-11 安徽上造智能设备科技有限公司 一种用于无功功率调节的电抗静止补偿器

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Denomination of utility model: Low-voltage magnetic control type filtering powerless dynamic compensation device

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