CN201380065Y - Crude oil cracking device - Google Patents
Crude oil cracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201380065Y CN201380065Y CN200820203752U CN200820203752U CN201380065Y CN 201380065 Y CN201380065 Y CN 201380065Y CN 200820203752 U CN200820203752 U CN 200820203752U CN 200820203752 U CN200820203752 U CN 200820203752U CN 201380065 Y CN201380065 Y CN 201380065Y
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- crude oil
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- pressure bottle
- support column
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a crude oil cracking device, comprising a high-pressure vessel (1), a support pillar (2) and a gold sleeve (3), wherein the external surface of the support pillar and the internal surface of the gold sleeve form a sealed natural gas reaction chamber (4), and the internal surface of the high-pressure vessel and the external surface of the gold sleeve form a sealed high-pressure chamber (5); the support pillar is provided with an exhaust port which is communicated with the natural gas reaction chamber and an exhaust pipeline (7), and the exhaust pipeline is connected with a natural gas collecting bottle (8); the exhaust port is provided with a movable valve needle (9) capable of controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust port; the high-pressure vessel is provided with a liquid inlet (10) communicated with the high-pressure chamber, and the liquid inlet is communicated with a liquid inlet pipeline (11) which is communicated with high-pressure liquid; and a heater (12) and a liquid nitrogen nozzle are arranged outside the high-pressure vessel, and the high-pressure vessel is provided with a thermocouple (14), and the thermocouple is connected with a temperature controller (15) capable of controlling the working state of the heater and the liquid nitrogen nozzle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of cracker, specifically is meant a kind of crude oil cracking device that crude oil is carried out the cracking experiment.
Background technology
Organic matter in the stratum at first generates crude oil under geothermal action, further raise as temperature, and then crude oil will cracking take place and generate natural gas.Crude oil generates in the process of natural gas, because the continuous increase of gas pressure, and the space that gas can be by rock or the crack is continuous or intermittent discharging, uncracked crude oil then continues cracking process in the original place.In oil and gas geochemistry research, need cracking process with Research on experimental methods crude oil.
Existing manual simulation's experiment has a great difference with natural geological conditions.Under geological conditions, crude oil experience be the slow process of low temperature (less than 200 ℃), long-time (millions of years to For hundreds of millions of years), under this cryogenic conditions, crude oil can keep liquid condition and continue cracking process in the original place; But under manual simulation's condition, the time can not oversize (being generally 2-20 days), be that the deficiency that remedies the time just must improve reaction temperature, thereby temperature commonly used is 300-700 ℃.Under high like this temperature, crude oil is not promptly being vaporized before the cracking, and as closed reaction vessel not, thereby the crude oil of vaporization will be overflowed cracking process is stopped.For above-mentioned reasons, all be to adopt closed container to carry out the crude oil pyrolysis experiment at present both at home and abroad, open container again after promptly waiting question response to finish and take out gas, be not continuously or intermittent rule of discharging but this method obviously meets the gas that cracking generates under the geological conditions.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the crude oil cracking device of the crude oil pyrolysis process under a kind of geological conditions of simulating nature as far as possible.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: crude oil cracking device, comprise high-pressure bottle, and be located at the support column in the high-pressure bottle, be located at the gold cover between high-pressure bottle and the support column.The inner face of the outer surface of described support column and gold cover forms the natural gas reative cell of sealing, and the outside of the inner surface of described high-pressure bottle and gold cover forms the hyperbaric chamber of sealing.Described support column is provided with the exhaust outlet that is communicated with the natural gas reative cell, is communicated with discharge duct on the exhaust outlet, and the other end of discharge duct is collected valve through natural gas and is connected with the natural gas receiving flask.Described exhaust outlet is provided with the movable needle that can control Exhaust Open or close.Described high-pressure bottle is provided with the inlet that is communicated with the hyperbaric chamber, is communicated with input duct on the inlet, and input duct is communicated with highly pressurised liquid.Described high-pressure bottle peripheral hardware having heaters and liquid nitrogen nozzle.Described high-pressure bottle is provided with thermocouple, but thermocouple is connected with the temperature controller of control heater and liquid nitrogen nozzle operation state.
The utility model in use, the crude oil sample of question response is loaded in the natural gas reative cell, movable needle sealing exhaust outlet, highly pressurised liquid enters in the hyperbaric chamber through input duct, because the softness characteristics of gold, gold are enclosed within the extruding of external high pressure liquid and produce distortion down, are close to support column, and crude oil sample exerted pressure, can simulate geological conditions truly to what crude oil sample was exerted pressure.Start heater, crude oil sample in the natural gas reative cell is heated cracking takes place to produce gas.After cracking is finished, close heater, highly pressurised liquid is discharged, liquid nitrogen nozzle ejection liquid nitrogen is carried out cooling to high-pressure bottle, open the movable needle that is enclosed on the exhaust outlet again, the gas that cracking produces enters in the natural gas receiving flask through exhaust outlet and discharge duct, still stays in the natural gas reative cell to carry out cracking next time because of refrigeration and remain uncracked crude oil.Thermocouple can be measured the temperature of high-pressure bottle, and temperature controller control heater and liquid nitrogen nozzle operation state are to carry out the heating and cooling to high-pressure bottle.
Owing to adopted above-mentioned structure, the utlity model has following advantage:
1. can study crude oil grades at quantity, the one-tenth of the natural gas of different temperatures stage generation.
2. owing to be reflected under the pressure environment and carry out, comparatively real simulated natural geological conditions.
3. reaction vessel utilizes the chemical reaction inertia of gold with proof gold or gold-plated device, has avoided other metals may be to the catalytic action of oil-breaking.Wherein pure gold gold cover 12 can melt again after reaction finishes to be made, and only need pay a spot of processing charges, thereby experimental cost is not high.
4. experimentation of the present utility model is easy to adopt computer program control, has improved conventional efficient and experimental precision greatly, has reduced manpower consumption.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of crude oil cracking device.
Among the figure: high-pressure bottle 1, support column 2, gold cover 3, natural gas reative cell 4, hyperbaric chamber 5, exhaust outlet 6, discharge duct 7, natural gas receiving flask 8, movable needle 9, inlet 10, input duct 11, heater 12, liquid nitrogen nozzle 13, thermocouple 14, temperature controller 15, boss 16, shirt rim 17, positioning tube 18, bracing frame 19, limiting stand 20, movable pressure ring 21, hollow bulb 22, moving valve pin hole 23, gold sealing gasket 24, gold sealing ring 25, carbon seal ring 26, high pressure valve 27, draining valve 28, pneumatic piston rod 29, spring 30, hydraulic press piston rod 31, asbestos insulation pad 32, vacuum valve 33, natural gas is collected valve 34, liquid nitrogen valve 35.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, crude oil cracking device described in the utility model comprises high-pressure bottle 1, is located at the support column 2 in the high-pressure bottle 1, is located at the gold cover 3 between high-pressure bottle 1 and the support column 2.High-pressure bottle 1, support column 2 are made by 316 stainless steels.The inner face of the outer surface of described support column 2 and gold cover 3 forms the natural gas reative cell 4 of sealing, and the outside of the inner surface of described high-pressure bottle 1 and gold cover 3 forms the hyperbaric chamber 5 of sealing.Described support column 2 is provided with the exhaust outlet 6 that is communicated with natural gas reative cell 4, be communicated with discharge duct 7 on the exhaust outlet 6, the other end of discharge duct 7 is collected valve 34 through natural gas and is connected with natural gas receiving flask 8, and described exhaust outlet 6 is provided with can control the movable needle 9 that exhaust outlet 6 opens or closes.During cracking, movable needle 9 is closed exhaust outlet 6, and after cracking was finished, movable needle 9 was opened exhaust outlet 6, and the natural gas via exhaust outlet 6 that crude oil pyrolysis produces, discharge duct 7, natural gas are collected valve 34 and entered in the natural gas receiving flask 8.Described high-pressure bottle 1 is provided with the inlet 10 that is communicated with hyperbaric chamber 5, be communicated with input duct 11 on the inlet 10, input duct 11 is communicated with highly pressurised liquid, highly pressurised liquid can be water, highly pressurised liquid enters in the hyperbaric chamber 5 through input duct 11 and inlet 10, and the gold cover 3 externally extruding of highly pressurised liquid produces distortion down, is close to support column 2, and crude oil sample exerted pressure, can simulate geological conditions truly to what crude oil sample was exerted pressure.Described high-pressure bottle 1 peripheral hardware having heaters 12 and liquid nitrogen nozzle 13, heater 12 can be resistance furnace or heating generator, liquid nitrogen nozzle 13 is connected with liquid nitrogen through liquid nitrogen valve 35, heater 12 heating powers can heat the crude oil sample in the natural gas reative cell 4 in the high-pressure bottle 1, and the liquid nitrogen of liquid nitrogen nozzle 13 ejections can promptly cool off crude oil sample.Described high-pressure bottle 1 is provided with thermocouple 14, but thermocouple 14 is connected with the temperature controller 15 of control heater 12 and liquid nitrogen nozzle 13 duties.Thermocouple can be measured the temperature of high-pressure bottle, and temperature controller control heater and liquid nitrogen nozzle operation state are to carry out the heating and cooling to high-pressure bottle, so that carry out temperature program(me) control.
The end of described support column 2 is provided with the boss 16 that matches with high-pressure bottle 1 open end, described gold cover 3 is provided with the shirt rim 17 that places between high-pressure bottle 1 open end and boss 16 following, with the boss on the support column 2 16 with relative extruding of open end of high-pressure bottle 1, the shirt rim 17 of gold cover 3 is subjected to the following extruding up and down of high-pressure bottle 1 end face and boss 16, form sealing effectiveness, the inner face of the outer surface of support column 2 and gold cover 3 just forms the natural gas reative cell 4 of sealing, and the outside of the inner surface of high-pressure bottle 1 and gold cover 3 just forms the hyperbaric chamber 5 of sealing.
The utility model can also comprise positioning tube 18 and the bracing frame 19 that is arranged on the positioning tube 18, the top of described high-pressure bottle 1 and support column 2 can be located in the positioning tube 18 axially and movably, the upper end of positioning tube 18 is provided with limiting stand 20, bracing frame 19 is used for the fixing of whole device, when high-pressure bottle 1 is up pushed away, limiting stand 20 and high-pressure bottle 1 interact can with boss 16 and and relative extruding of open end of high-pressure bottle 1, the top of described in addition high-pressure bottle 1 and support column 2 can axially movable structure be convenient to high-pressure bottle 1 in positioning tube 18, support column 2, gold overlaps 3 threes assembling and separates to clean and to load crude oil sample.
Described positioning tube 18 internal upper parts are provided with the movable pressure ring 21 on the exhaust outlet 6 that is pressed in support column 2, be provided with gold sealing ring 25 between movable pressure ring 21 and the support column 2, movable pressure ring 21 is provided with the hollow bulb 22 that is communicated with discharge duct 7 above exhaust outlet 6, movable pressure ring 21 is provided with moving valve pin hole 23, described movable needle 9 is actively installed in the moving valve pin hole 23, the end that movable needle 9 passes hollow bulb 22 is pressed on the exhaust outlet 6, is provided with gold sealing gasket 24 between described movable needle 9 and the exhaust outlet 6.When movable needle 9 was not pressed on exhaust outlet 6, gas can enter into hollow bulb 22 along the gap of exhaust outlet 6 and gold sealing gasket 24, discharges from discharge duct 7 again.
Be provided with carbon seal ring 26 between described movable needle 9 and the moving valve pin hole 23, carbon seal ring 26 still can guarantee sealing under the condition of high temperature, and gas can not overflowed from the gap between movable needle 9 and the moving valve pin hole 23.
Described input duct 11 is provided with high pressure valve 27, on the input duct 11 between inlet 10 and the high pressure valve 27, be provided with draining valve 28, open high pressure valve 27 and close draining valve 28, highly pressurised liquid can enter the hyperbaric chamber 5 so that natural gas reative cell 4 is exerted pressure from input duct 11.Close high pressure valve 27 and open draining valve 28, highly pressurised liquid can flow out from hyperbaric chamber 5, and natural gas reative cell 4 pressure disappear.
The upper end of described movable needle 9 is connected to pneumatic piston rod 29, movable needle 9 is provided with to act on and makes movable needle 9 leave the spring 30 of exhaust outlet 6 on the bracing frame 19, during the cylinder intake of pneumatic piston rod 29, pneumatic piston rod 29 is pushed up movable needle 9 downwards, and the lower end of movable needle 9 is pressed on the exhaust outlet 6 gold sealing gasket 24 to close exhaust outlet 6.When needs were opened exhaust outlet 6, pneumatic piston rod 29 was upwards carried, and movable needle 9 moves upward under the effect of spring 30, and gold sealing gasket 24 no longer is pressed on the exhaust outlet 6, and gas can be discharged from exhaust outlet 6.
Described high-pressure bottle is connected to hydraulic press piston rod 32 on 1 bottom surface, is provided with asbestos insulation pad 32 between high-pressure bottle 1 and hydraulic press piston rod 31.Bracing frame 2 fixes whole device, and the hydraulic press piston rod 32 of hydraulic press moves upward, and the shirt rim 17 of gold cover 3 is subjected to the extruding up and down of high-pressure bottle 1 and support column 2, forms sealing effectiveness.During experiment, because the temperature of high-pressure bottle 1 is very high, asbestos insulation pad 32 can play heat insulation effect.
Described discharge duct 7 natural gas receiving flasks 8 gases are collected on the valve 33 and are connected to vacuum valve 34, and vacuum valve 34 is connected to evacuator, the gas in the natural gas reative cell 4 can be vacuumized.
The outer surface of described support column 2 is provided with Gold plated Layer, and the Gold plated Layer inert is good, at high temperature also not can with crude oil or natural gas generation chemical reaction, can not influence experimental result.
Operation principle of the present utility model and experimental procedure are as follows:
1. load sample:
(1) removes hydraulic press pressure, hydraulic press piston rod 32 is moved down, take out used gold cover 3, support column 2.
(2) clean support column 2, more renew gold cover 3, in gold cover 3, inject the crude oil sample (accurately weighing) of question response.
The support column that (3) will clean 2 and resetting by diagram at gold cover 3 of crude oil sample is housed.
(4) hydraulic press piston rod 32 is moved up, because bracing frame 19 is fixed, the shirt rim 17 of gold cover 3 is subjected to the extruding up and down of high-pressure bottle 1 and support column 2, form sealing effectiveness, at gold the cover 3 inner and support column 2 outside natural gas reative cells 4 that form a sealing, the crude oil sample of question response promptly is positioned at this space.
(5) exert pressure by pneumatic piston rod 29 movable needle 9 is moved down, compress gold sealing gasket 24, make exhaust outlet 6 sealings.
2. begin experiment:
(1) close draining valve 28, open high pressure water valve 27, water under high pressure is entered in the hyperbaric chamber 5, because the softness characteristics of gold, the gold cover 3 externally extruding of water under high pressure produces distortion down, is close to support column 2, and crude oil sample is exerted pressure.The purpose that oil sample is exerted pressure is for the real simulated geological conditions.Should note making the pressure of the pressure of water under high pressure, so that gold cover 3 remains good sealing dress attitude less than hydraulic press piston rod 32.
(2) start heater 12, make natural gas reative cell 4 temperature in 10 minutes, be raised to 300 ℃, constant temperature 2 hours.
(3) close heater 12.Close high pressure water valve 27, open draining valve 28, water under high pressure is discharged.
(4) open liquid nitrogen valve 35, make liquid nitrogen, make natural gas reative cell 4 temperature be cooled to-80 ℃ rapidly from 13 ejections of liquid nitrogen nozzle.
(5) close vacuum valve 33, open natural gas and collect valve 34.Remove the air pressure of pneumatic piston rod 29, the pressure of movable needle 9 upper ends is eliminated, movable needle 9 moves up under the effect of spring 30, and the natural gas in the natural gas reative cell 4 is collected valve 34 by natural gas and entered into natural gas receiving flask 8 interior (being evacuated in advance in the bottle)
(6) close natural gas and collect valve 34, take natural gas receiving flask 8 away, wait pending further analysis.The receiving flask 8 (being evacuated) that more renews.
(7) open vacuum valve 33, the gas in the emptying natural gas reative cell 4.Residual crude oil in the natural gas reative cell 4 is still stayed the original place because of refrigeration and is waited for the continuation reaction.
(8) exert pressure by pneumatic piston rod 29 and movable needle 9 is moved down close exhaust outlet 6, close vacuum valve 33, liquid nitrogen valve 35, draining valve 28, open high pressure water valve 27, the first temperature sections (300 ℃) experiment and finish.
(9) repeating step (2) is to (8), and making thermostat temperature is 320 ℃.And the like, reaching 620 ℃ until temperature, experiment finishes.
Claims (10)
1. crude oil cracking device is characterized in that:
Comprise high-pressure bottle (1), be located at the support column (2) in the high-pressure bottle (1), be located at the gold cover (3) between high-pressure bottle (1) and the support column (2);
The inner face of the outer surface of described support column (2) and gold cover (3) forms the natural gas reative cell (4) of sealing, and the outside of the inner surface of described high-pressure bottle (1) and gold cover (3) forms the hyperbaric chamber (5) of sealing;
Described support column (2) is provided with the exhaust outlet (6) that is communicated with natural gas reative cell (4), is communicated with discharge duct (7) on the exhaust outlet (6), and the other end of discharge duct (7) is collected valve (34) through natural gas and is connected with natural gas receiving flask (8);
Described exhaust outlet (6) is provided with can control the movable needle (9) that exhaust outlet (6) opens or closes;
Described high-pressure bottle (1) is provided with the inlet (10) that is communicated with hyperbaric chamber (5), is communicated with input duct (11) on the inlet (10), and input duct (11) is communicated with highly pressurised liquid;
Described high-pressure bottle (1) peripheral hardware having heaters (12) and liquid nitrogen nozzle (13);
Described high-pressure bottle (1) is provided with thermocouple (14), thermocouple (14) but be connected with control heater (12) and the temperature controller (15) of liquid nitrogen nozzle (13) duty.
2. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the end of described support column (2) is provided with the boss (16) that matches with high-pressure bottle (1) open end, and described gold cover (3) is provided with the shirt rim (17) that places between high-pressure bottle (1) open end and boss (16) following.
3. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise positioning tube (18) and be arranged on bracing frame (19) on the positioning tube (18), the top of described high-pressure bottle (1) and support column (2) can be located in the positioning tube (18) axially and movably, and the upper end of positioning tube (18) is provided with limiting stand (20).
4. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described positioning tube (18) internal upper part is provided with the movable pressure ring (21) on the exhaust outlet (6) that is pressed in support column (2), be provided with gold sealing ring (25) between movable pressure ring (21) and the support column (2), movable pressure ring (21) is provided with the hollow bulb (22) that is communicated with discharge duct (7) in exhaust outlet (6) top, movable pressure ring (21) is provided with moving valve pin hole (23), described movable needle (9) is actively installed in the moving valve pin hole (23), the end that movable needle (9) passes hollow bulb (22) is pressed on the exhaust outlet (6), is provided with gold sealing gasket (24) between described movable needle (9) and the exhaust outlet (6).
5. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: be provided with carbon seal ring (26) between described movable needle (9) and the moving valve pin hole (23).
6. according to each described crude oil cracking device in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described input duct (11) is provided with high pressure valve (27), is provided with draining valve (28) on the input duct (11) between inlet (10) and the high pressure valve (27).
7. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described movable needle (9) is connected to pneumatic piston rod (29), and movable needle (9) is provided with to act on and makes movable needle (9) leave the spring (30) of exhaust outlet (6) on the bracing frame (19).
8. according to the described crude oil cracking device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described high-pressure bottle (1) is connected to hydraulic press piston rod (32) on the bottom surface, is provided with asbestos insulation pad (32) between high-pressure bottle (1) and hydraulic press piston rod (31).
9. according to each described crude oil cracking device in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described discharge duct (7) natural gas receiving flask (8) gas is collected on the valve (33) and is connected to vacuum valve (34).
10. according to each described crude oil cracking device in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the outer surface of described support column (2) is provided with Gold plated Layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200820203752U CN201380065Y (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2008-11-20 | Crude oil cracking device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200820203752U CN201380065Y (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2008-11-20 | Crude oil cracking device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201380065Y true CN201380065Y (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200820203752U Expired - Fee Related CN201380065Y (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2008-11-20 | Crude oil cracking device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201380065Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102313786A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-01-11 | 孝感市计量检定测试所 | Sample-introduction evaporator of gas chromatograph for liquefied petroleum gas |
| CN101333452B (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Intermittent open type crude oil cracking device |
| CN107398235A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏合海集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-pressure synthesis reactor |
-
2008
- 2008-11-20 CN CN200820203752U patent/CN201380065Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101333452B (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Intermittent open type crude oil cracking device |
| CN102313786A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-01-11 | 孝感市计量检定测试所 | Sample-introduction evaporator of gas chromatograph for liquefied petroleum gas |
| CN102313786B (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2015-02-18 | 孝感市计量检定测试所 | Sample-introduction evaporator of gas chromatograph for liquefied petroleum gas |
| CN107398235A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-28 | 江苏合海集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-pressure synthesis reactor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100113 Termination date: 20101120 |