CN201374647Y - Forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
Forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN201374647Y CN201374647Y CN200920069151U CN200920069151U CN201374647Y CN 201374647 Y CN201374647 Y CN 201374647Y CN 200920069151 U CN200920069151 U CN 200920069151U CN 200920069151 U CN200920069151 U CN 200920069151U CN 201374647 Y CN201374647 Y CN 201374647Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter, which comprises a BOOST converter, a push-pull forward converter and a controller; the input end of the BOOST converter is connected with the output current of the fuel battery; the output end of the BOOST converter is connected with the input end of the push-pull forward converter; the control end of the BOOST converter is connected with the controller; the output end of the push-pull forward converter is connected with the backstage converter of the inverter; and the control end of the push-pull forward converter is connected with the controller. The forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter reduces the power loss of the converter to the largest extent under limited cost control, greatly improves the efficiency of system and shortens the time of transforming test research results to scale industry.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of combining inverter of fuel cell, the prime DC/DC converter in particularly a kind of fuel cell combining inverter.
Background technology:
Efficient, the environmental friendliness of fuel cell is a kind of green energy resource, can solve energy-conservation simultaneously and environmental protection two big world difficult problems, be described as be a kind of after water power, thermoelectricity, nuclear power the 4th generation generation technology.The effect of fuel cell grid-connected system is that the direct voltage that fuel cell produces is obtained the alternating current identical with the line voltage frequency by the conversion adjustment, when providing AC energy for local load electric energy is sent into electrical network.
The fuel cell grid-connected system is divided into single-stage electricity generation system and multistage electricity generation system according to Power Conversion progression, and there are many problems in the structure of single-stage electricity generation system, needs Industrial Frequency Transformer as isolating, systems bulky, efficient is low, and change range of input voltage is big, inverter design complexity etc.; Existing fuel cell grid-connected system all adopts multistage electricity generation system, and the wherein common two-stage type transformer configuration that is designed to DC/DC+DC/AC adopts prime to isolate, and realizes generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of fuel cell.
Wherein, the DC/DC converter is used for being stabilized in after the low-voltage conversion that the excursion of fuel cell output is big in the scope that inverter technology requires.Because output characteristic of fuel cell is softer, prime DC/DC converter need have following function: according to power demand control input current (being fuel cell output current) rate of change and working stability value; Control input current ripple is in allowed band; High-frequency isolation is boosted, and can both export the magnitude of voltage of requirement in the input voltage range of broad.Its input terminal voltage is stable determines the power output size to inverter automatically by controlling.Inverter technology is ripe, mainly adopts the full bridge structure voltage source inverter (VSI) of pulse-width modulation (PWM) technology control.Therefore, it is bigger that prime DC/DC converter topology influences systematic function, and the height of its efficient is very big to the influence of entire system efficient.The power loss of converter power device under the situation of big electric current input that prior art is designed is bigger, thereby reduces the efficient of converter.
The utility model content:
There is the problem of efficient in the utility model at converter in the above-mentioned existing multistage electricity generation system, and proposes a kind of prime DC/DC converter that can solve the fuel cell combining inverter of the power dissipation concerns of power input power device under big electric current to greatest extent.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of prime DC/DC converter of fuel cell combining inverter, this converter is unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter, it comprises BOOST converter, push-pull ortho-exciting converter and control device, the output current of the input termination fuel cell of described BOOST converter, the input of the output termination push-pull ortho-exciting converter of BOOST converter, the control end and the control device of BOOST converter join; The output of described push-pull ortho-exciting converter is linked in the back level converter of inverter, and its control end and control device join.
Described BOOST converter is the BOOST booster circuit, is made up of BOOST inductance, current sensors, control circuit, a BOOST diode (led) module and the 2nd BOOST diode (led) module; Described BOOST inductance is connected on the hot end of circuit input end, and is connected in series with current sensors; A described BOOST diode (led) module and the 2nd BOOST diode (led) module also connect the back and are connected in series with current sensors, and access push-pull ortho-exciting converter; The output of described control circuit is connected between current sensors and the BOOST diode (led) module, and input and control device join.
Comprise also in the described BOOST booster circuit that one is used for the BOOST booster circuit is carried out the sample circuit of voltage sample, is made up of first photoelectrical coupler and second photoelectrical coupler; Described first photoelectrical coupler is connected between current sensors and the BOOST diode (led) module; Described second photoelectrical coupler is connected on the output of BOOST booster circuit.
Described control circuit is composed in parallel by a BOOST switching tube and the 2nd BOOST switching tube.
The inductance of described BOOST inductance for adopting high magnetic permeability U type non-crystalline material to make.
Described push-pull ortho-exciting converter is the push-pull ortho-exciting circuit that works in the maximum flexibility duty ratio, and it is recommended control circuit, PFC push-pull transformer and rectification circuit by PFC and forms; The input of described PFC push-pull transformer and BOOST booster circuit output join, and control end and PFC recommend control circuit and join, and its output and rectification circuit join; Described PFC recommends control circuit and control device joins.
Described PFC recommends that control circuit is recommended pipe by a PFC and the 2nd PFC recommends pipe and composes in series.
Described PFC push-pull transformer is for adopting the push-pull transformer of P type magnetic core coiling.
Described control device is made up of the control circuit of recommending that PFC in the BOOST control circuit of controlling BOOST switching tube in the BOOST booster circuit and the control push-pull ortho-exciting circuit recommends pipe; Described BOOST control circuit connects control first drive circuit by first pwm control circuit by the 3rd photoelectrical coupler and forms; The described control circuit of recommending is connected control second drive circuit and the 3rd drive circuit by second pwm control circuit respectively by the 4th photoelectrical coupler and the 5th photoelectrical coupler and forms.
The utility model that obtains according to technique scheme has reduced the power loss of converter to greatest extent under limited cost control, improved the efficient of system greatly, shortens the experimental study achievement to the industrial scale time of transition.It has the following advantages:
(1) the utility model has been realized the isolation of power circuit and PC control circuit in control, has protected the PC control circuit effectively.
(2) the utility model adopts two-stage type DC/DC to boost: the BOOST voltage of the first order is near the fuel cell maximum input voltage, improved the efficient of BOOST level to greatest extent, and made the input current ripple control within the specific limits by design to the BOOST inductance; Partial PPFC need not output inductor with fixing maximum duty cycle operate in open loop state, and transformer and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit can obtain simplifying, and can bring into play the advantage of high efficiency under the PPFC big space rate.
(3) converter has increased stability, reliability, the fail safe of whole inversion fuel cell grid-connected system by closed loop of instruction formation of each sample circuit isolated feedback and host computer in the utility model.
(4) the utility model adopts that two BOOST diode (led) modules are in parallel to be used, and has shunted the big electric current that former single diode (led) module bears, and effectively reduces the power loss of diode, has increased circuit useful life, and has been easy to seek the high diode (led) module of cost performance.
(5) the BOOST inductance adopts high magnetic permeability U type non-crystalline material in the utility model, increased the sectional area of copper sheet to greatest extent, reduced the number of turn of coil, made the copper loss of inductance and iron loss drop to minimum, and being used of the structure of this inductance and other element saved the inverter space.
(6) transformer adopting P type magnetic core coiling in the utility model, this structure have good shielding properties, to greatest extent widened primary coil the copper sheet width, shortened coil length, increased the characteristics of the area of dissipation of transformer, increased the whole efficiency of converter.
Description of drawings:
Further specify the utility model below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a fuel cell grid-connected system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the utility model DC/DC inverter power circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 is the utility model DC/DC converter control circuit figure.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of BOOST inductance in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of transformer in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the assembling schematic diagram of transformer in the utility model.
Embodiment:
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the utility model.
From the above, the fuel cell grid-connected system is divided into single-stage electricity generation system and multistage electricity generation system according to Power Conversion progression.The multistage electricity generation system that wherein existing fuel cell grid-connected system adopts, the most common two-stage type transformer configuration that is designed to DC/DC+DC/AC adopts prime to isolate, and realizes generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of fuel cell.As shown in Figure 1, this multistage electricity generation system comprises that producing the DC electricity that the fuel cell, fuel cell of DC electricity produce by oxygen and fuel reaction carries out the unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter of conversion and the inverter that the DC electricity after the conversion is converted to the AC electricity; Such system at first produces the DC electricity 101 of 18～34V by fuel electromagnetism 1 by oxygen and fuel reaction, and this DC electricity 101 is inputed to unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter 2; Unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter 2 is transformed into the satisfactory high pressure DC of 400V electricity 201 as requested with the DC electricity 101 of low pressure, and inputs to inverter 3; Inverter 3 converts the 400V high pressure DC electricity 201 that receives the AC electricity of 220V to, and is delivered to AC load/electrical network 4 for using.
Above-mentioned electricity generation system, the performance impact systematic function of its prime DC/DC converter is bigger, and the height of its efficient is very big to the influence of entire system efficient.Improve performance and efficient that whole generating efficiency must improve prime DC/DC converter.
In order to make prime DC/DC conversion possess above-mentioned every function, can improve simultaneously the efficient of prime DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter that is applicable to the fuel cell generation prime of the utility model design, form by BOOST and the combination of push-pull ortho-exciting converter, wherein push-pull ortho-exciting works in the maximum flexibility duty ratio, switching tube and output rectifying tube voltage stress are little, help the optimal design of converter.In the design process, shorten big current path as much as possible, make the copper loss of lead drop to minimum; Select suitable magnetic core, design qualified BOOST inductance and push-pull transformer, make its power loss drop to minimum; Selectivity price ratio optimum power pipe and occupation mode when reducing power loss, are beneficial to large-scale production; Select suitable control mode, the stability of enhanced system and reliability.
Based on above-mentioned design philosophy, the utility model is specifically implemented as follows:
A kind of prime DC/DC converter of fuel cell combining inverter, this converter is unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter, it comprises BOOST converter, push-pull ortho-exciting converter and control device, the output current of the input termination fuel cell of BOOST converter, the input of the output termination push-pull ortho-exciting converter of BOOST converter, the control end and the control device of BOOST converter join; The output of this push-pull ortho-exciting converter is linked in the back level converter of inverter, and its control end and control device join.
Its design circuit of above-mentioned front stage converter is as shown in Figure 1: prime DC/DC converter is mainly by BOOST inductance L 1, photoelectrical coupler IC1, IC2, current sensors LT1, BOOST switching tube Q1, Q2, BOOST diode (led) module D1, D2, PFC recommends pipe Q3, Q4, PFC push-pull transformer T1, formations such as rectifier diode D3, D4, D5, D6.
Wherein BOOST inductance L 1, current sensors LT1, BOOST switching tube Q1 and Q2, BOOST diode (led) module D1 and D2 and correspondent peripheral circuit are formed first order BOOST booster circuit.As shown in the figure, BOOST inductance L 1 is connected on the hot end VFC+ of circuit input end by fuse FS1, and current sensors LT1 is serially connected in the inductive current of the BOOST that is used to after the BOOST inductance L 1 to sample.BOOST diode (led) module D1 and D2 and connect after, be serially connected in after the current sensors LT1.Current sensors LT1 and and the BOOST diode (led) module that connects between high and low potential end, BOOST switching tube Q1 and Q2 also connect the control end that forms the BOOST booster circuit, it is controlled the BOOST booster circuit by the control signal that receiving control device sends.
For ease of BOOST booster circuit correspondent voltage electric current is sampled, the design current sensors LT1 and and the BOOST diode (led) module that connects between high and low potential end be connected photoelectrical coupler IC1 and IC2 respectively with high and low potential end after the BOOST diode (led) module.With the respective data transfer of gathering to host computer, for the control of host computer provides parameter signal.
Above-mentioned first order BOOST booster circuit, 18～34V dc voltage conversion of fuel cell input is become 36V, by the design to the BOOST inductance make the input current ripple control within the specific limits, the inductive current of sampling BOOST by LT1 controls input current (being fuel cell output current) rate of change and working stability value.
Wherein PFC recommends pipe Q3, Q4, PFC push-pull transformer T1, and rectifier diode D3, D4, D5, D6, and correspondent peripheral circuit constitutes second level push-pull ortho-exciting circuit.The front end of this circuit is at high and low voltage end and meet capacitor C 4 and C5; Serial connection PFC recommends the control end of managing Q3 and Q4 formation push-pull ortho-exciting circuit between high and low voltage end simultaneously, connect the output of control device and the input of PFC push-pull transformer T1 simultaneously, so that the control signal of receiving control device is controlled PFC push-pull transformer T1; The output of PFC push-pull transformer T1 connects the input of the bridge rectifier of being made up of rectifier diode D3, D4, D5, D6; The output of bridge rectifier also meets filter capacitor C7 and C8.
The push-pull ortho-exciting circuit that obtains according to such scheme boosts to the output of Bus voltage (400V) direct current by PPFC with 36V.PPFC need not output inductor with fixing maximum duty cycle operate in open loop state, and transformer and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit can obtain simplifying, and can bring into play the advantage of high efficiency under the PPFC big space rate.Sort circuit has been connected in series the BOOST converter before the push-pull ortho-exciting converter, and only connects filter capacitor behind the output rectification circuit, and VD is exactly the transformer-secondary voltage peak value like this.
In order to realize to the control of host computer to BOOST booster circuit and push-pull ortho-exciting circuit, the utility model has designed control device, and it is made up of the control circuit of recommending that PFC in the BOOST switch controlled circuit of controlling BOOST switching tube in the BOOST booster circuit and the control push-pull ortho-exciting circuit recommends pipe.
As shown in Figure 3: the The whole control circuit is by pwm control circuit IC3, IC4, photoelectrical coupler IC5, IC6, IC7, drive circuit IC8, IC9, IC10, and compositions such as gate circuit IC11, IC12.
Wherein pwm control circuit IC3, photoelectrical coupler IC5, drive circuit IC8, gate circuit IC11, IC12A form first order BOOST switch controlled circuit.The detection signal of pwm control circuit IC3 received current sensor LT1 and the control signal of host computer, and also receive the control signal of host computer by gate circuit IC12A, simultaneously by gate circuit IC11 control photoelectrical coupler IC5, this photoelectrical coupler IC5 connects drive circuit IC8, and by the control of drive circuit IC8 realization to BOOST booster circuit control end.
Pwm control circuit IC4, photoelectrical coupler IC6, IC7, drive circuit IC9, IC10, and gate circuit IC12B forms the management and control system of the recommending circuit of second level push-pull circuit.Pwm control circuit IC4 receives the control signal of host computer by gate circuit IC12B, and control connection photoelectrical coupler IC6, IC7, electric coupling IC6, IC7 connect drive circuit IC9, IC10 respectively, are realized the control of recommending pipe Q3 and Q4 in the control circuit to recommending by drive circuit IC9, IC10.
For the power loss that makes BOOST inductance and push-pull transformer drops to minimum, the BOOST inductance adopts high magnetic permeability U type non-crystalline material to make in the utility model, and the coiling of transformer adopting P type magnetic core forms.
As shown in Figure 4, the BOOST inductance connects copper sheet 14, right support 15, standing screw 16, inductance introducing pin 17, left socle 18 by inductance leading foot 11, copper sheet winding 12, magnetic core 13, U type.Wherein the different name end of two copper sheet windings connects the copper sheet series connection by the U type, and introducing, leading foot insulate with varnished tube.The BOOST inductance adopts high magnetic permeability U type non-crystalline material to make, increased the sectional area of copper sheet to greatest extent, reduced the number of turn of coil, made the copper loss of inductance and iron loss drop to minimum, and being used of the structure of this inductance and other element saved the inverter space.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, push-pull transformer is by standing screw 21, magnetic core 22, self-control coil insulation cover bucket 23, self-control insulation board 24, Transformer Winding 25, former limit leading foot 26, secondary leading foot 27.Former limit leading foot is drawn with the varnished tube insulation, and the transformer behind the dipping lacquer directly is fixed on the cold drawing with standing screw, has increased the heat-sinking capability of transformer.The coiling of transformer adopting P type magnetic core, this structure have good shielding properties, to greatest extent widened primary coil the copper sheet width, shortened coil length, increased the characteristics of the area of dissipation of transformer, increased the whole efficiency of converter.
Can control input current (being fuel cell output current) rate of change and working stability value according to power demand according to the utility model that technique scheme obtains, and control input current ripple is in allowed band; The utility model adopts high-frequency isolation to boost simultaneously, can both export the magnitude of voltage of requirement in the input voltage range of broad.
More than show and described basic principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed the utility model scope.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of prime DC/DC converter of fuel cell combining inverter, this converter is unidirectional isolation DC/DC converter, it is characterized in that, described prime DC/DC converter comprises BOOST converter, push-pull ortho-exciting converter and control device, the output current of the input termination fuel cell of described BOOST converter, the input of the output termination push-pull ortho-exciting converter of BOOST converter, the control end and the control device of BOOST converter join; The output of described push-pull ortho-exciting converter is linked in the back level converter of inverter, and its control end and control device join.
2, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described BOOST converter is the BOOST booster circuit, is made up of BOOST inductance, current sensors, control circuit, a BOOST diode (led) module and the 2nd BOOST diode (led) module; Described BOOST inductance is connected on the hot end of circuit input end, and is connected in series with current sensors; A described BOOST diode (led) module and the 2nd BOOST diode (led) module also connect the back and are connected in series with current sensors, and access push-pull ortho-exciting converter; The output of described control circuit is connected between current sensors and the BOOST diode (led) module, and input and control device join.
3, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, comprise also in the described BOOST booster circuit that one is used for the BOOST booster circuit is carried out the sample circuit of voltage sample, is made up of first photoelectrical coupler and second photoelectrical coupler; Described first photoelectrical coupler is connected between current sensors and the BOOST diode (led) module; Described second photoelectrical coupler is connected on the output of BOOST booster circuit.
4, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described control circuit is composed in parallel by a BOOST switching tube and the 2nd BOOST switching tube.
5, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the inductance of described BOOST inductance for adopting high magnetic permeability U type non-crystalline material to make.
6, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described push-pull ortho-exciting converter is the push-pull ortho-exciting circuit that works in the maximum flexibility duty ratio, and it is recommended control circuit, PFC push-pull transformer and rectification circuit by PFC and forms; The input of described PFC push-pull transformer and BOOST booster circuit output join, and control end and PFC recommend control circuit and join, and its output and rectification circuit join; Described PFC recommends control circuit and control device joins.
7, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described PFC recommends that control circuit is recommended pipe by a PFC and the 2nd PFC recommends pipe and composes in series.
8, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described PFC push-pull transformer is for adopting the push-pull transformer of P type magnetic core coiling.
9, the prime DC/DC converter of a kind of fuel cell combining inverter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described control device is made up of the control circuit of recommending that PFC in the BOOST control circuit of controlling BOOST switching tube in the BOOST booster circuit and the control push-pull ortho-exciting circuit recommends pipe; Described BOOST control circuit connects control first drive circuit by first pwm control circuit by the 3rd photoelectrical coupler and forms; The described control circuit of recommending is connected control second drive circuit and the 3rd drive circuit by second pwm control circuit respectively by the 4th photoelectrical coupler and the 5th photoelectrical coupler and forms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200920069151U CN201374647Y (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200920069151U CN201374647Y (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201374647Y true CN201374647Y (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200920069151U Expired - Fee Related CN201374647Y (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Forestage DC/DC converter of a fuel battery grid-connected inverter |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012027962A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-08 | 江苏艾索新能源股份有限公司 | High-frequency isolation grid-connected inverter circuit |
| CN103560676A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-05 | 乐清市日升电子有限公司 | Improved high-frequency sine wave inverter |
| CN105375781A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-02 | 常州市肯迪电器制造有限公司 | Circuit system of handheld portable low-voltage DC endotherm knife |
| CN107222096A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-29 | 广西高焱电气工程有限责任公司 | Isolated CUK push-pull topologies in parallel |
| CN107658853A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-02-02 | 嘉善中正新能源科技有限公司 | BOOST coordinates the current foldback circuit of PUSH PULL cascade circuits |
-
2009
- 2009-03-20 CN CN200920069151U patent/CN201374647Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012027962A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-08 | 江苏艾索新能源股份有限公司 | High-frequency isolation grid-connected inverter circuit |
| CN103560676A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-05 | 乐清市日升电子有限公司 | Improved high-frequency sine wave inverter |
| CN105375781A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-02 | 常州市肯迪电器制造有限公司 | Circuit system of handheld portable low-voltage DC endotherm knife |
| CN107222096A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-29 | 广西高焱电气工程有限责任公司 | Isolated CUK push-pull topologies in parallel |
| CN107658853A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-02-02 | 嘉善中正新能源科技有限公司 | BOOST coordinates the current foldback circuit of PUSH PULL cascade circuits |
| CN107658853B (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-15 | 嘉善中正新能源科技有限公司 | The current foldback circuit of BOOST cooperation PUSH-PULL cascade circuit |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20091230 Termination date: 20150320 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |