CN201372270Y

CN201372270Y - Heavy oil feed nozzle of FCCU

Info

Publication number: CN201372270Y
Application number: CN200820230763U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张卫红
Original assignee: LUOYANG HUAZHI PETROLEUM ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: LUOYANG HUAZHI PETROLEUM ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-12-11
Filing date: 2008-12-11
Publication date: 2009-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-11

Abstract

The utility model belongs to petroleum processing equipment and presents a heavy oil feed nozzle of a FCCU, which essentially comprises a nozzle outer sleeve 6, an inner sleeve 7, two stages of steam inlets, a raw oil inlet pipe 15 and a spray head 2; the nozzle outer sleeve 6 and the inner sleeve 7 are coaxial, a primary steam inlet pipe 13 extends into the inner sleeve 7 with the tail end sealed by a semi-spherical seal head, the primary steam inlet pipe is arranged at the pipe section in the inner sleeve, the semi-spherical seal head 8 is provided with a plurality of steam spray holes 9, a secondary steam channel 5 and a raw oil channel 12 are arranged in a cavity between the inner and the outer sleeves of the nozzle, and a partition board 11 is arranged between the secondary steam channel 5 and the raw oil channel 12, the raw oil inlet pipe 15 is communicated with the inner sleeve 7, the rear end of the inner sleeve is provided with a contraction section 16, a straight pipe section 17 and an expansion section 18, secondary steam spray holes 3 and 4 are arranged on the tail end of the secondary steam channel 5 and communicated with the expansion section 18 on the rear end of the inner sleeve. The rear end of the inner sleeve 7 is communicated with the spray hole 1 on the spray head 2.

Description

A kind of catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle

Technical field:

The utility model belongs to oil processing equipment, and what relate generally to is a kind of catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle.

Background technology:

In the heavy oil fluid catalytic cracking course of processing, because raw material ratio is great, the viscosity height, the atomizing difficulty, feed nozzle directly influences the atomizing effect of heavy oil feed.Wellatomized charging contacts in riser tube with high temperature catalyst, catalytic cracking reaction takes place, can reduce green coke amount and dry gas amount in the reaction process, improve yield of light oil, improving product distributes, can bring huge economic benefit to enterprise, therefore, the catalysis feed nozzle is a key equipment of catalyzed reaction.

At present, the feed nozzle that is used for catalytic unit has following a few class: a class is that internal structure adopts contraction-expanded form, utilize the velocity contrast of gas-liquid two-phase, reach the purpose (as patent: CN206975U, CN1304979A, CN2711168Y) of strengthening atomizing raw materials.This type of nozzle quickens atomizing gas and raw material in the exit throttling, realizes secondary-atomizing; The improved form of this type of nozzle is to replenish secondary-atomizing steam before jet exit, causes the influence (as patent: CN1648209A, CN2717959Y, CN2407006Y) that oil droplet is grown up to eliminate the limit wall.Another kind of is to adopt steam to inject stock oil, utilize pressure in the nozzle be higher than with riser reactor in pressure, bubble in the raw material is expanded under the differential pressure effect and explosion takes place, reach the purpose (as patent: CN1894362A, CN1332782A CN1177972A, CN1282777Y, CN200967809Y) of atomizing raw materials.

More than these nozzles in catalytic cracking unit application is arranged all, but the shortcoming that exists is: the raw material spouting velocity that has is big, causes flowing instability, causes riser reactor resonance and the situation that riser reactor rocks takes place; The atomizing raw materials that has is inhomogeneous; The required input pressure height of feed nozzle that also has, the atomizing medium consumption is big, energy consumption is high.Because the feedstock property of China's catalytic cracking unit changes greatly, require nozzle to have certain regulation range, and the regulation range of these nozzles is limited, when catalytic cracking unit inlet amount variation range is big, its atomizing effect alters a great deal, and has influenced the stable of quality product.

Summary of the invention:

In order to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, the utility model provides a kind of catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle, make it can regulate the material feeding amount on a large scale, when feedstock property and the bigger change of treatment capacity generation, still can keep good atomizing effect, can effectively improve the quality product and the yield of light oil of catalytic cracking unit, thereby increase economic efficiency.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle, mainly by nozzle outer tube, inner sleeve, two-stage steam-in, raw material enter the pipe and nozzle component form; Nozzle outer tube and inner sleeve coaxial arrangement, nozzle outer tube rear portion connects primary steam and enters pipe, primary steam enter that pipe stretches in the inner sleeve and with the inner sleeve coaxial arrangement, the end that primary steam enters pipe enters on the pipeline section that pipe is positioned at inner sleeve with on the dome-type end socket with sealing of dome-type end socket and primary steam and offers a plurality of water vapor spray orifices; Secondary steam enters pipe and enters the side that pipe is welded on the nozzle outer tube respectively with stock oil, and the gap between the nozzle internal and external casing is the passage of secondary steam and stock oil, and the centre has dividing plate to cut off; Stock oil enters the stock oil of pipe by the inner sleeve front end and enters the hole and be communicated with inner sleeve, the rear end of inner sleeve inwall has contraction section, straight length and expansion segment, the secondary steam spray orifice is positioned at the terminal of secondary steam passage and communicates with the expansion segment of inner sleeve rear end, and the spray orifice that has on the rear end of inner sleeve and the shower nozzle communicates.

Described secondary steam spray orifice is the angle difference of two rows and two row's spray orifices.

Working process of the present utility model is: stock oil is introduced into the gap between internal and external casing, enter inner sleeve along circumference by the perforate of inner sleeve front end, primary steam is sprayed at a high speed by the aperture that steam enters on pipe and the dome-type end socket, form the profit steam two-phase steam bubble stream of many water vapors in the stock oil, steam bubble dwindled after this steam bubble was flowed through and received place section compression, eliminated unstable steam bubble, through contraction section and straight length blended steam bubble fluid, become gradually greatly at the expansion segment steam bubble, the speed of keeping two phase flow remains unchanged.Secondary steam sprays at a high speed at expansion segment, further increase steam bubble dia and quantity in the stock oil, and the pressure of raising expansion segment, the mixed steam burble body of stock oil and steam sprays from the spout on the shower nozzle, because the pressure reduction that nozzle is inside and outside, make the blast of water vapor bubble, thereby with stock oil blast atomizing.

The utility model adopts steam bubble atomizing and compression stable phase bonded atomizing principles, high viscosity feedstock oil is mixed with primary steam in inner sleeve, form uniform steam bubble shape fluid, through the overdraft rectification, thorough mixing, spray by spout after fully atomizing through secondary-atomizing steam again, form tiny drop, and can press the form uniform distribution of spout, atomized particle size distributes good, and the jet velocity of spout is lower, and (speed at spout place＜70m/s), effective like this impact that prevents stock oil to catalyzer has reduced catalyst consumption.Because stock oil mixes in inner sleeve fully with water vapor, the pressure of stock oil and steam does not need very high (general oil pressure 0.3～0.6MPa gets final product), and atomized water quantity of steam little (being generally 2%～6% weight of raw material) just can reach the ideal atomizing effect.Simultaneously, owing to adopt repeatedly steam access method, nozzle can adapt to the bigger situation of stock oil variable quantity, when stock oil during in the normal processing amount, secondary-atomizing steam only plays a part to purging the limit wall, consumption is generally 0.5%～1% (weight), when the stock oil treatment capacity is low, strengthen the consumption of secondary-atomizing steam, this moment, the aperture water vapor speed by the inner sleeve rear end increased, to inject stock oil at a high speed, form bigger steam bubble stream, by the spout ejection, water vapor is steeped oneself-meeting bigger explosion is taken place again, has remedied stock oil and has reduced the phenomenon that causes the atomizing effect difference, making nozzle can adapt to stock oil significantly fluctuates, do not influence the atomizing effect of nozzle, thereby make catalysis feed nozzle good operability of the present utility model, atomizing is reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the utility model structure

Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of spout when being a plurality of circular hole along circumferential arrangement.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of spout when being a plurality of circular hole along oval shaped arrangements

Among the figure, 1, spout, 2, shower nozzle, 3,4, the secondary steam spray orifice, 5, the secondary steam passage, 6, outer tube, 7, inner sleeve, 8, the dome-type end socket, 9, the water vapor spray orifice, 10, secondary steam inlet tube, 11, dividing plate, 12, the stock oil passage, 13, primary steam enters pipe, and 14, stock oil enters the hole, 15, the feed(raw material)inlet pipe, 16, contraction section, 17, straight length, 18, expansion segment.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific operation process the utility model is described in further detail.Accompanying drawing and operating process do not limit the claimed scope of the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, and with reference to Fig. 2, catalysis feed nozzle of the present utility model is provided with outer tube 6, inner sleeve 7; Material outlet shower nozzle 2 is connected the rear end of outer tube 6, primary steam enters the front end that pipe 13 the inlet mouth of pipe is welded on outer tube 6, secondary steam inlet tube 10 and feed(raw material)inlet pipe 15 are welded on the side of outer tube 6, be arranged vertically with nozzle axis, primary steam enters pipe 13 and stretches into inner sleeve 7 inside, it is dome-type end socket 8 that primary steam enters pipe 13 terminal closure plate, enters on the pipeline section that pipe 13 is positioned at inner sleeve 7 at dome-type end socket 8 and primary steam and offers a plurality of water vapor spray orifices 9.Shower nozzle 2 ends are provided with spout 1.As shown in Figure 2, spout 1 adopts the strip hole opening form, also can adopt porous form, and as shown in Figure 3, the spout opening is a plurality of circular holes along circumferential arrangement, and as shown in Figure 4, the spout opening is a plurality of circular holes along oval shaped arrangements.Cavity between the internal and external casing forms the passage 12 of secondary steam passage 5 and stock oil, front end welding diaphragm 11 between inner sleeve 7 and outer tube 6, dividing plate 11 is separated stock oil passage 12 and secondary steam passage 5, have stock oil at the front end of inner sleeve 7 and enter hole 14, make feed(raw material)inlet pipe 15 enter hole 14 and be communicated with inner sleeve 7 by stock oil; 7 inside have contraction section 16 in inner sleeve, straight length 17, and expansion segment 18, its expansion segment 18 of secondary steam spray orifice 3,4 and inner sleeve of secondary steam passage 5 rear ends is communicated with, and the angle of two row's secondary steam spray orifices 3,4 is inequality.

Other structural parameter of catalysis feed nozzle of the present utility model can be set as required, and when using elongate in shape as spout 1, long limit is 4～8 with the ratio of minor face; When spout 1 adopted porous form, opening diameter was 5～30mm; It is 100～500mm that primary steam enters the length that pipe 13 stretches in the inner sleeve, and the diameter range that enters water vapor spray orifice 9 on pipe 13 back segments at bulb 8 and primary steam is 1～10mm; Inner sleeve 7 is as the hybrid chamber of raw material and steam, and its diameter is 30～200mm, and the diameter of nozzle outer tube 6 is to be determined by the amount of stock oil and secondary steam.Secondary steam enters that the two row's apertures 3 and 4 the angle of expansion segment 18 is inequality, and the angle θ of spray orifice 3 is 10～30 °, and the angle λ of spray orifice 4 is 30～60 °, and the angle [alpha] of the contraction section 16 of inner sleeve 7 is 10～40 °, and expansion segment 18 angle betas are 20～55 °.

Specific operation process of the present utility model is: stock oil enters pipe 15 admission passages 12 by stock oil, enter hole 14 through stock oil and enter inner sleeve 7, primary steam enters pipe 13 by steam and enters, spray in the stock oil at a high speed by water vapor spray orifice 9, in inner sleeve 7, mix, forming steam bubble is the discontinuous flow phase, stock oil is the blister fluid of continuous flow phase, through contraction section 16, straight length 17 compressed mixed, the steam bubble compression is merged, formation increases at the intravital steam bubble of expansion segment 18 bubble flows than stabilized uniform blister fluid, keeps fluid to be in constant speed and flows; Secondary steam sprays into the blister fluid at a high speed through spray orifice 3,4 herein, the diameter and the pressure that has improved expansion segment 18 of steam steam bubble have further been strengthened, stock oil steam bubble stream is by spout 1 ejection at a high speed then, because the spout external pressure descends, water vapor steam bubble explosive failure, to wrap up the atomizing of water vapor steam bubble stock oil, catalysis this moment feed nozzle has been finished whole atomization process.When restricted by other factor of production, when the treatment capacity of raw material nozzles reduces, improve the ratio (bringing up to 1.5～2.5%) of secondary-atomizing steam from 1～1.5%, keep the pressure of expansion segment 18 identical with routine operating pressure, just can keep same atomizing effect; When treatment capacity during, secondary steam can be reduced that (reduce to 1～0%wt) from 1～1.5%, nozzle improved in treatment capacity like this, or treatment capacity all can normally use, and distributed and do not influence product at 15～25% o'clock at low 20～30% o'clock greater than the designing treatment amount.Generally about 55 μ m, the jet velocity at spout 1 place is less than 70m/s for catalysis feed nozzle atomizing particle size of the present utility model, and the pressure of stock oil is 0.3～0.6MPa, and the general 0.4～0.7MPa of water vapor pressure, water vapor consumption are 2～6% of stock oil.

Claims

1, a kind of catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle, described nozzle is mainly by nozzle outer tube (6), inner sleeve (7), the two-stage steam-in, raw material enters pipe (15) and shower nozzle (2) is formed, it is characterized in that: nozzle outer tube (6) and inner sleeve (7) coaxial arrangement, nozzle outer tube rear portion connects primary steam and enters pipe (13), primary steam enter that pipe (13) stretches in the inner sleeve (7) and with inner sleeve (7) coaxial arrangement, the end that primary steam enters pipe (13) seals with dome-type end socket (8) and primary steam enters on the pipeline section that pipe is positioned at inner sleeve with on the dome-type end socket (8) and offers a plurality of water vapor spray orifices (9); Secondary steam enters pipe (10) and enters the side that pipe (15) is welded on the nozzle outer tube respectively with stock oil, and the cavity between the nozzle internal and external casing forms the passage (12) of secondary steam passage (5) and stock oil, and the centre has dividing plate (11) to cut off; Stock oil enters pipe (15) and enters hole (14) by stock oil and be communicated with inner sleeve (7), rear end in the inner sleeve has contraction section (16), straight length (17) and expansion segment (18), secondary steam spray orifice (3), (4) are positioned at the terminal of secondary steam passage (5) and communicate with the expansion segment (18) of inner sleeve rear end, and the spray orifice (1) that has on the rear end of inner sleeve (7) and the shower nozzle (2) communicates.

2, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described secondary steam spray orifice is the angle difference that two rows and two arrange spray orifices (3), (4).

3, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described spout (1) is the strip hole hatch frame.

4, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described spout (1) a plurality of for along circumferential arrangement.

5, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described spout (1) a plurality of for along oval shaped arrangements.

6, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle [alpha] of the interior contraction section of described inner sleeve (7) (16) is 10～40 °, expansion segment (18) angle beta is 20～55 °.

7, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described secondary steam spray orifice (3), (4) are along the circumference uniform distribution of inner sleeve (7) intramedullary expansion section (18), injection diameter is 1～10mm, the angle θ of secondary steam spray orifice (3) is 10～30 °, and the angle λ of secondary steam spray orifice (4) is 30～60 °.

8, catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzle according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the length of described spout and width ratio are 4～8.

9, according to claim 4 or 5 described catalytic cracking unit heavy oil feed nozzles, it is characterized in that: the opening diameter of described spout (1) is 5～30mm.