CN201367927Y - Gasoline engine universal for four-stroke forced lubrication - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small gasoline engine universal for four-stroke forced lubrication, which comprises a cylinder cover assembly, a cylinder body assembly, a valve mechanism assembly, a piston assembly, a crankshaft assembly, a connecting rod assembly, a crankcase assembly, an ignition system assembly and a forced lubrication circulatory system assembly. A set of forced lubrication circulatory system assembly is added to the improved design based on the prior product. The design has the advantages that the forced lubrication circulatory system assembly can ensure the lubrication conditions required for high-speed and long-termed operation of the universal gasoline engine, so that the service life of the universal gasoline engine is prolonged. A rotor oil pump has small size, the structure is simple, the oil supply is large, the operation noise is low, and the consumption power is low.

Description

Four-stroke pressure lubrication general-purpose petrol engine

Affiliated technical field

The utility model relates generally to reciprocating piston Spark ignition type petrol engine, relates in particular to a kind of four-stroke pressure lubrication general-purpose petrol engine.

Background technique

Prior art products all is to adopt the splash lubrication mode.The splash lubrication mode in theory with also be practicable in the actual moving process.The splash lubrication mode is meant that general-purpose petrol engine is when running work, rely on a left side in the crank assemblby, lower half portion of right crank is made given shape and is immersed in the lubricant oil of storing in the oil storage of lower half portion of general gasoline engines crankcase assembly the centrifugal force that has been produced when lubricant oil has been stained with the back along with general gasoline engines running work and lubricant oil is thrown to cylinder block endoporus in component in the general gasoline engines that needs lubricate such as the cylinder assembly, the internal piston of piston assembly, a left side in the crank assemblby, crankshaft bearing on the right crankshaft, crank pin surface, needle bearing in the connecting rod macropore in the connecting rod ASSY and wrist pin surface in the connecting rod aperture and the valve cam in institution of distributing gas's assembly, cam follower and valve actuating push rod, rocking arm and valve stem.Prior art products includes cylinder cover complement, distribution device assembly, cylinder block assembly, and piston assembly, crank assemblby, connecting rod ASSY, crankcase assembly, ignition system assembly and lubricating circulatory system assembly are formed.Cylinder cover complement is made up of cylinder head, cylinder head cover, spark plug.In the design of the lower end of cylinder head hemispheric firing chamber is arranged.Design and installation has suction port and relief opening and spark plug in the firing chamber.Inlet and outlet gate seat circle is installed in the inlet and outlet mouth, be used for the inlet and outlet door sealing, advance the usefulness of guide-localization when valve guide bushing being installed in the exhaust valve port being used for inlet and exhaust valve and moving up and down in cylinder head upper end.Side design at cylinder head simultaneously has rectangular distribution device assembly passing hole channel, and the timing driving mechanism that is used for the distribution device assembly therefrom passes through, the distribution device assembly is made up of camshaft, intake valve, exhaust valve, intake rocker, exhaust rocker arm, pitman arm shaft, valve spring, the big small gear of timing transmission, valve actuating push rod, valve cam and cam follower.The shape of valve cam resembles a peach, and the highest position of projection is the peach point, and no projection is the position of positive garden shape generating circle.The difference at high-order bit and minimum position is cam lift.The shape of cam has the greatest impact to general gasoline engines running work.The shape of valve resembles a mushroom.One end is a head greatly, and the back is that a not only thin but also long tail is valve stem.Air valve seat ring in head and the firing chamber on the gas port fits tightly to guarantee that high-temperature fuel gas can seal unlikely leakage.The tail valve stem of back is pushed down by an end of valve rocker, and the other end of valve rocker is pressed on the valve actuating push rod.The effect of valve rocker is exactly to be equivalent to a lever.Pitman arm shaft is a fulcrum, along with the peach of cam point and the continuous variation in generating circle position and valve actuating push rod, cam follower running work, make the well-regulated upper and lower motion of valve, so that the continuous opening and closing of valve, make air inlet, compression, outburst, four strokes of exhaust carry out successively, make petrol engine normal operation work.The gear ratio of timing transmission gearwheel and small gear is to be exactly at 2: 1 just a lot of one times of the gear ratio small gear of gearwheel, that is to say that the timing gearwheel goes around, and the timing small gear need change two commentaries on classics, has guaranteed the normal operation of four stroke engine.The cylinder block assembly is by cylinder block, and the distribution device assembly is formed by the hole.Cylinder block is the smooth cylindrical shell of an endoporus.The distribution device assembly is by the rectangular duct of Kong Weiyi.Piston assembly is made up of piston, wrist pin, piston ring jump ring, and the piston length of four stroke engine is very short, is in order to reduce own wt, the movement inertia when reducing petrol engine running work.Piston ring is made up of three roads, twice are the gas sealing ring, the 3rd road is the seal oil ring, the gas sealing ring is installed in the preceding twice annular groove of piston crown, high-temperature fuel gas is played seal action, the 3rd road seal oil ring is installed in the 3rd road annular groove of piston, and lubricant oil is played seal action, prevents from that lubricant oil from entering to produce carbon deposit with high-temperature fuel gas blending burning in the firing chamber of piston top cylinder head and damage the component of petrol engine and cause exhaust pollution.Jump ring has two two ends that are installed in wrist pin respectively, prevents the wrist pin axial motion.Crank assemblby divides two kinds, and a kind of is split type crank assemblby, and a kind of is the integral one-piece crankshaft assembly, and split type crank assemblby is by left and right crankshaft, crank pin, and left and right crankshaft bearing is formed.Integral one-piece crankshaft is always by integral one-piece crankshaft, and crankshaft bearing is formed.The integral one-piece crankshaft bearing also is bearing shell, is that two and half gardens are formed.Connecting rod ASSY also is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is split type connecting rod ASSY, and a kind of is the integrated type connecting rod ASSY.Split type connecting rod ASSY is by connecting rod, big stomidium bearing, and crank bore is formed with connecting bolt.Crank bore also is that two and half gardens are formed with bearing.The integrated type connecting rod ASSY is by the integrated type connecting rod, crank bore is formed with needle bearing, split type crank assemblby is joined the integrated type connecting rod ASSY, and the integral one-piece crankshaft assembly is joined split type connecting rod ASSY, and two kinds of crank assemblbies and two kinds of connecting rod ASSYs all have application in general gasoline engines.Crankcase assembly is by left and right crankcases, and left and right crankcase cover is formed.The ignition system assembly is by magnetogenerator, ignition, and spark plug, the high pressure spot pyrosphere is formed.The lubricating circulatory system assembly is by oil storage, and the lubrication oil circulation passage is formed, and oil storage is also named the interior bottom of the common design of oil sump at crankcase assembly.The lubrication oil circulation channels designs is distributed in cylinder cover complement, distribution device assembly, cylinder block assembly inside, be rely on be stained with inner each component that need lubricate of oil lubrication general-purpose petrol engine that utilize centrifugal force to splash to throw away by crank assemblby after, the self gravitation that relies on lubricant oil returns in the oil storage once more to be stained with by the crank assemblby of the work of running by circulation canal and utilizes centrifugal force to splash to throw away lubricated component.This lubricating system gets rid of oil owing to be stained with oil in the floodlubrication oil when relying on lower half portion running work of crank assemblby, because self viscosity of lubricant oil is easy to generate big resistance, consumption is than multiple-motor self power, simultaneously since lower half portion of crank assemblby in lubricant oil, constantly immerse and break away from, the stirring action that lubricant oil itself is subjected to repeatedly makes lubricant oil produce more foam, cause quality of lubrication oil to descend, shorten the life time of lubricant oil greatly, the mode of splash system lubrication simultaneously is difficult to adapt to the work requirements of high rotating speed petrol engine. because rotating speed is high more, crank assemblby lower half portion immerses, the time that breaks away from is just few more, and can be stained with the lubricant oil that throws away can be still less; Cause lubricating ability sharply to descend. high rotating speed proposes requirements at the higher level to the lubricating condition of component again simultaneously, owing to can not satisfy the lubricating requirement of motor when running up. cause the petrol engine lack of lubrication easily, cause engine component to damage, and then jeopardize petrolic normal use and life span.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming the high rotating speed of incompatibility that prior art products adopts the splash lubrication mode to cause, lubricant oil is subjected to repeatedly stirring action for a long time and causes life time to shorten greasy property decline, consume many deficiencys such as the more power of petrol engine self, the utility model provides a kind of four-stroke pressure lubrication general-purpose petrol engine, because design has increased by a cover forced lubricating system, make this petrol engine can adapt to high rotating speed preferably, reduce the crank assemblby running resistance.Reduce self power consumption, improve lubricating condition.Prolong lubricant oil service time, guaranteed petrolic normal operation work.

The scheme that the prior art products problem that solves the utility model is adopted is to improve design to have increased by a cover forced lubricating system on the prior art products basis.The oil pump transmission device overlaps by a rotor-type oil pump and in this system and the pressure lubrication circulation canal is formed.Utilize oil pump that the lubricant oil in the oil storage is sucked and pumps, make it to produce certain pressure, there is the lubricant oil of pressure to need on each lubricated component position along quick, accurate being delivered to endlessly of pressure lubrication oil passage that specialized designs increases, guarantee it is carried out lubricating fully timely, with the high rotating speed that adapts to petrol engine, high-power requirement.The utility model is to improve on the basis of prior art products to design, and is used to prior art products is as much as possible, with save design development cost to greatest extent with shorten the development time.Related generally to cylinder cover complement, institution of distributing gas's assembly, the cylinder block assembly, piston assembly, crank assemblby, connecting rod ASSY, crankcase assembly, ignition system assembly, forced lubricating system assembly are formed.Cylinder cover complement is made up of cylinder head, valve mechanism cover, spark plug.In the lower end of cylinder head hemispheric firing chamber is arranged, suction port, relief opening and spark plug mounting hole are arranged in the firing chamber.Air valve seat ring is installed on porting, is used for sealing high temperature and high pressure gas.Inlet and outlet mouth back is the inlet and outlet road of two bendings.Extend to the both sides of cylinder head, design has distribution cam axle to install and fix seat in the upper end of cylinder head, and the most important component that are used for installing and fixing institution of distributing gas's assembly are joined the vapour camshaft.Also design and installation has valve guide bushing, and valve guide bushing is gone in the intake and exhaust port from the upper end straight cutting, plays the effect of guide-localization when being used for the upper and lower motion of valve.On cylinder head, also have institution of distributing gas's assembly and pass through the hole, by the hole is strip, directly penetrate into the cylinder head upper end from plane, firing chamber, lower end, except that passing through as institution of distributing gas's assembly, the oil return circulation canal of double as lubricant oil also, the lubricant oil that certain pressure is arranged is by then being delivered to the required component of cylinder head internal lubrication from the grease channel that design increases.Institution of distributing gas's assembly by join vapour camshaft, valve, valve rocker, pitman arm shaft, valve spring, the large and small gear of timing transmission or the large and small sprocket wheel of timing transmission, chain is formed.The shape of cam resembles peach, and high-order bit is the peach point, and the cylinder position is generating circle, and the difference of projection and generating circle is valve lift, and the appearance curve of cam is of crucial importance, is determining petrolic running service behaviour.At an end of joining the vapour camshaft timing transmission gearwheel or hinge wheel are installed, and are installed in timing driving pinion or the minor sprocket of crank assemblby and are connected,, also need a timing drive chain to be attached thereto if adopt the timing drive sprocket with end.The timing chain transmission has the transmission distance.Little, the arrangement convenience of transmission noise, many advantages such as low cost of manufacture.Two rollings or sliding bearing are installed to guarantee joining the running of vapour camshaft steadily at the two ends of joining the vapour camshaft, brisk flexible.The shape of valve resembles mushroom, and an end is a head greatly, an end be a not only thin but also long tail valve stem, the air valve seat ring of installing in the gas port in valve head and the firing chamber fits tightly, and prevents the leakage of high temperature and high pressure gas.Pressing an end of valve rocker on the valve stem of afterbody, the other end of valve rocker is pressed on the valve cam outer surface, running along with distribution cam axle, peach point on the valve cam and the alternately conversion of generating circle position, an end that makes valve rocker be pressed on the cam outer face constantly rises and descends, the rocking arm the other end that is pressed on the valve stem also constantly opens and closes valve, to guarantee petrolic working well.The effect of valve spring is in order to allow the resetting fast of inlet and exhaust valve.The large and small gear of timing transmission or both numbers of teeth of the large and small sprocket wheel of timing transmission differ one times, are exactly that timing small gear or minor sprocket change two commentaries on classics, and timing gearwheel or timing hinge wheel are goed around to guarantee the normal operation work of four stroke engine.Piston assembly is by piston, piston ring, and wrist pin and jump ring are formed.The piston of four stroke engine is very short, purpose is to alleviate piston weight, reciprocal inertia force when reducing engine running, piston ring has three roads, and twice are compression ring, is used to seal high temperature and high pressure gas, be installed in the piston crown twice annular groove, the 3rd road is an oil ring, is used to prevent that lubricant oil from entering firing chamber and high temperature and high pressure gas blending burning, makes valve, piston head and firing chamber internal surface produce carbon deposit and causes damage of components and produce exhaust pollution.Jump ring be two be installed in the piston pin hole left and right each one, be used to prevent the wrist pin axial motion.Crank assemblby is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is split type crank assemblby, a kind of for the integral one-piece crankshaft assembly.Split type crank assemblby is by left and right sides crankshaft, and crank pin, crankshaft bearing are formed.The integral one-piece crankshaft assembly is by integral one-piece crankshaft, and crankshaft bearing liner is formed.Bearing shell also makes crankshaft bearing be shaped as two semicircles.Connecting rod ASSY also divides two kinds, and a kind of is the integrated type connecting rod ASSY, and a kind of is split type connecting rod ASSY.The integrated type connecting rod ASSY is made up of with needle bearing connecting rod, crank bore, and split type connecting rod ASSY is by split type connecting rod, and crank bore installs and fixes bolt with bearing shell and two and forms.Integral one-piece crankshaft assembly and the supporting use of split type connecting rod ASSY, split type crank assemblby and the supporting use of integrated type connecting rod ASSY.Crankcase assembly is by left and right sides crankcase body, and left and right sides crankcase cover is formed.In left and right crankcases indoor design increase the pressure lubrication circulation canal is arranged, can design on demand on left and right sides crankcase body or left and right sides crankcase cover simultaneously increases oil pump and installs and fixes position and design and increase the machine oil filtrating equipment and install and fix position and lubrication delivery passage.The ignition system assembly is made up of magnetogenerator, ignition, spark plug and high-voltage ignition coil.Pressure lubrication circulatory system assembly is by oil pump, the oil pump transmission device, and machine oil filtrating equipment, pressure lubrication circulation canal and oil storage are formed.Oil storage also is oil sump, generally is arranged in lower half portion of crankcase assembly.What oil pump adopted is rotor-type oil pump.Rotor-type oil pump is made up of the pump housing, pump cover, internal rotor, external rotor and several parts of internal rotor transmission shaft.Internal rotor lacks a tooth than external rotor, and the profile of tooth of inner and outer rotors is a trochoid, also is the trochoid gear pump.The inner and outer rotors arranged off-centre, thus the front and back wall of each tooth is sealed, and rotor-type oil pump utilizes the volume-variation between the rotor to come pumping machine oil when work.The working principle of rotor-type oil pump is because inner and outer rotors is eccentric the throw of eccentric that is produced is installed to make inner and outer rotors forward any angle to all be to have only a tooth to be in engagement, and the different contact of big or small volume is always arranged between each profile of tooth, thereby inside and outside, form the oil pocket that differs in size between the rotor, be in the oil pocket of oil suction road one side, because inner and outer rotors disengage from, the oil pocket volume increases generation degree of vacuum, this moment, lubricant oil was inhaled in the cavity, continuation rotation along with inner and outer rotors, lubricant oil is transported to a side of oil road, this moment, inner and outer rotors entered engagement, the oil pocket volume reduces gradually, lubricating oil pressure raises, from interior, extrude between the external tooth form, the lubricant oil after the supercharging enters the pressure lubrication circulation canal from oil road and is transported to required lubricated position continually.Oil suction road and oil road design arrangement are on pump cover.Rotor-type oil pump has plurality of advantages such as size is little, autophage power is low, fuel delivery big, oil suction degree of vacuum height, running noise is low, manufacture cost is few.Be no more than in engine speed under 6500 rev/mins the situation, rotor-type oil pump can be directly driven, is surpassed 6500 rev/mins and will use gearing down by crank assemblby.Because the rotor-type oil pump fuel delivery is big, high rotational speed causes cavitation phenomenon easily, occurs can making lubricant oil produce a large amount of foams after this phenomenon, and lubrication effect is greatly reduced, and also can cause mortal injury to oil pump simultaneously, influences motor and normally uses.The oil pump transmission device is made up of big small gear or big or small sprocket wheel, if use sprocket driving also to need to adopt drive chain.The machine oil filtrating equipment is made up of metal screen, metal or papery filter core and the permanent magnet that is installed among the nut plug of draining the oil.Effect is to prevent that metallic dust and foul from entering lubricant oil and being sucked the damage that causes engine component by oil pump.The design of pressure lubrication circulation canal is increased in crankcase body in the crankcase assembly, case lid inside.End in crank assemblby also is drilled with the lubrication oil circulation passage simultaneously.Make machine oil after the supercharging by lubricated crank pin of circulation canal and crank bore bearing.

The beneficial effect that the utility model adopts above-mentioned improvement design to produce is that pressure lubrication circulatory system assembly can guarantee general-purpose petrol engine high speed, the required lubricating condition of long-term operation.General-purpose petrol engine is prolonged working life.The rotor-type oil pump volume is little.The big running noise of simple in structure, fuel delivery is low.Oil suction degree of vacuum is big.Autophage power is low.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples model utility is described further

Fig. 1 is first embodiment's of the utility model a longitudinal section structure sketch

Fig. 2 is second embodiment's of the utility model a longitudinal section structure sketch

Among Fig. 1: 1. cylinder cover complement 2, cylinder block assembly 3, piston assembly 4, crank assemblby 5, rotor-type oil pump 6, oil pump driving pinion 7, oil pump transmission gearwheel 8, left crankcase 9, left crankcase lid 10, right crankcase 11, right crankcase cover 12, spark plug 13, magnetogenerator 14, connecting rod ASSY 15, crankshaft bearing 16, join vapour camshaft 17, timing transmission minor sprocket 18, timing drive chain 19, timing transmission hinge wheel 20, the institution of distributing gas is by hole 21, the oil pump drive chain.

Among Fig. 2: 5, rotor-type oil pump 6, oil pump transmission minor sprocket 7, oil pump transmission hinge wheel 21, oil pump drive chain.

Embodiment

In first embodiment shown in Figure 1, rotor-type oil pump (5) is installed in the inside of left crankcase lid (9).Be meshing with each other when the general-purpose petrol engine running work by the oil pump driving pinion (6) that is installed in crank assemblby (4) left end and oil pump transmission gearwheel (7) and will be located in the left crankcase lid (9) suction of the lubricant oil in the oil storage of bottom by crank assemblby (4) driven rotary and pump, lubricant oil after the supercharging is along being located at left crankcase (8), left crankcase lid (9), right crankcase (10), cylinder block assembly (2), inner pressure lubrication circulation canal is transported to cylinder cover complement (1) endlessly, cylinder block assembly (2), piston assembly (3), crank assemblby (4), connecting rod ASSY (14), join vapour camshaft (16) etc. and need the position of each component of pressure lubrication, rely on the gravity of lubricant oil self to be dropped in cylinder cover complement (1) then, the inner institution of distributing gas of cylinder block assembly (2) passes through in the hole (20), flow back in the inner oil storage of left crankcase lid (9) by hole (20) along the institution of distributing gas.

In second embodiment shown in Figure 2, rotor-type oil pump (5) is installed in right crankcase (10) inside.The right-hand member that oil pump transmission hinge wheel (7), oil pump transmission minor sprocket (6) are installed in crank assemblby (4) is installed on rotor-type oil pump (5), and two drive sprockets are interconnected by drive chain (21).When general-purpose petrol engine running work, by crank assemblby (4) driven rotary, the lubricant oil that will be located in the oil storage of the interior bottom of right crankcase (10) right crankcase cover (11) sucks rotor-type oil pump (5) inside, be delivered to cylinder cover complement (1) endlessly along being located at the inner pressure lubrication circulation canal of right crankcase (10) right crankcase cap (11) after pumping supercharging, cylinder block assembly (2), piston assembly (3), crank assemblby (4), connecting rod ASSY (14), distribution cam axle (16) etc. needs the position of each component of pressure lubrication, relies on the gravity of lubricant oil self to be dropped in cylinder cover complement (1) then, the inner distribution device of cylinder block assembly (2) passes through in the hole (20).Flow back in the oil storage of right crankcase (10), the interior bottom of right crankcase cover (11) by hole (20) along distribution device.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of four-stroke pressure lubrication general-purpose petrol engine, by cylinder cover complement (1), cylinder block assembly (2), piston assembly (3), crank assemblby (4), left crankcase (8), left crankcase lid (9), right crankcase (10), right crankcase cover (11), spark plug (12), magnetogenerator (13), connecting rod ASSY (14), distribution cam axle (16), timing transmission minor sprocket (17), timing drive chain (18), timing transmission hinge wheel (19), the institution of distributing gas is by hole (20,) wait composition, it is characterized in that: rotor-type oil pump (5) both can adopt oil pump driving pinion (6) and oil pump transmission gearwheel (7) to be meshing with each other and drive rotor-type oil pump (5) running pump oil, also can adopt oil pump transmission minor sprocket (6) to drive oil pump transmission Dalian wheel (7) by oil pump drive chain (21) and make rotor-type oil pump (5) running pump oil.

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