CN201367910Y

CN201367910Y - Composite supporting anchor bolt

Info

Publication number: CN201367910Y
Application number: CNU2009201435039U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于守东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-03-24
Filing date: 2009-03-24
Publication date: 2009-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 2019-03-24

Abstract

A composite supporting anchor bolt is characterized in that one side of the anchor bolt is equipped with a rod body with outer threads and at least two sets of press parts arranged on the rod body, each set of press parts comprises a tray and a nut, wherein the tray is in sleeved joint with the rod body, and the nut is screwed with the rod body and approaches to the outer end of the outer threads. A gasket corresponding to a position between the tray and the nut of each set of press parts is arranged on the rod body. The anchor bolt has fine supporting effect, simple manufacturing, convenient mounting and low cost, and can be applied widely, and is particularly adaptable to bolt-mesh-spray support operation of soft rock tunnels, thereby resolving the difficult problem that a concrete spray layer is cracked and damaged prematurely.

Description

Composite support anchor rod

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of safety support device that is used for the underground engineering wall rock supporting, particularly relates to a kind of composite support anchor rod.

Background technology

Along with development of economic construction needs, underground excavation project is increasing, as mine, tunnel etc.In these engineerings, country rock is all needed to carry out safety support, in case wall rock loosening, sillar drop.

Now, generally country rock is carried out supporting with anchor pole, the structure of anchor pole is: it has a side to be shaped on the externally threaded body of rod, is arranged on one on body of rod cover compressing member, and this cover compressing member comprises and spinning with the pallet of body of rod socket, with the body of rod and the nut of close external screw thread outer end.

Anchor pole is limited to the control range of loosening country rock, its pilot angle α is 43～45 °, between four therefore adjacent anchor poles, exists the non-anchoring of a quadrangular pyramid body to be with loosely, dropping of any therebetween sillar that breaks all will be jeopardized the anchoring sillar in the anchor pole control range; In case the broken sillar in the anchoring scope also drops, anchor pole will be because of the lax anchored force that lose, and originally evenly the built-up arch of sealing will attenuation or inefficacy, causes bolt support to fail.Therefore the rock between anchor pole often is the starting point that bolt support destroys, and must add strong supporting to it.

Now, for the strong supporting that adds of rock in the relax zone between anchor pole, generally adopt concrete spray coating and wire lath to give supporting.Concrete spray coating is as a kind of fragile material, and under the bigger situation of surrouding rock deformation, the too early Cracking Failure of spray-up meeting has been lost and the coefficient condition of anchor pole.Ftracture too early for fear of spray-up, improve its non-deformability, generally in concrete spray coating, lay wire lath,, make concrete spray coating become flexible structure, to adapt to tunnel soft rock large deformation characteristics by friable structure to improve the performance of concrete spray coating.

The job practices of anchor pole, it comprises following processing step:

(1) broken rock:, make rock crusher to the design section size by explosion or mechanical system;

(2) anchor hole location and pore-forming: preboring anchor hole on the roadway surrounding rock that is shaped, the array pitch size requires to determine according to working design between anchor hole;

(3) linked network, anchor pole are laid, compress, are whitewashed: the anchor pole of selecting appropriate size according to the construction needs, on anchor pole, hang steel mesh reinforcement, the anchor hole of according to a conventional method anchor pole being packed into, steel mesh reinforcement is pressed on the scar of country rock by means of that cover compressing member on the body of rod, at the outside of steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar, (its thickness is generally 150～200mm), finishes supporting to form concrete spray coating.

As seen, existing anchor pole can only be brought into play the once supporting effect to country rock, concrete spray coating is in the outside of steel mesh reinforcement in addition, this just makes the intensity of whole prop low, flexible poor, contractibility is little, steel mesh reinforcement is unsatisfactory to the change effect of concrete spray coating performance, when relaxation zone develops into to a certain degree, country rock discharges because of dilatancy or influenced by dynamic pressure, will break the formed anchor layer of anchor pole, especially cross one another overlay region is the weakest between the anchor pole, broken bloated rock produces extruding to the spray-up at this place, causes spray-up to be easy to cracking when distortion is excessive and comes off, and the steel mesh reinforcement at this place is exposed out.Because the grid of steel mesh reinforcement is bigger, supporting fragmented rock effectively, fractured rock easily drops, increase along with the time, the fracture area of country rock is constantly deepened, and until destroying the bolt support system, causes the tunnel partial roof falling at actual or wall caving phenomenon to occur, it is safe in utilization to influence the tunnel, has increased the maintenance cost in tunnel.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides the good composite support anchor rod of a kind of support action.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of composite support anchor rod, it has a side to be shaped on the externally threaded body of rod, is arranged at least two on body of rod cover compressing member, and every cover compressing member comprises and spinning with the pallet of body of rod socket, with the body of rod and near the nut of external screw thread outer end.

The job practices of this composite support anchor rod, it comprises following processing step:

(3) primary linked network, anchor pole are laid, compress, are whitewashed: the composite support anchor rod of selecting appropriate size according to the construction needs, on composite support anchor rod, hang the first floor steel mesh reinforcement, the anchor hole of according to a conventional method composite support anchor rod being packed into, the first floor steel mesh reinforcement is pressed on the scar of country rock by means of that the most inboard on body of rod cover compressing member, at the outside of first floor steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar, the thickness of concrete spray coating will be enough to reach this cover compressing member covered and is as the criterion, form the first floor concrete spray coating, finish supporting for the first time;

(4) secondary linked network, compress, whitewash: after heavily stressed in the country rock obtains discharging, distortion tends towards stability, the revealed section that utilizes the external screw thread on the body of rod to be in outside the first floor concrete spray coating is hung second layer steel mesh reinforcement, this layer steel mesh reinforcement is pressed in the surface of first floor concrete spray coating by means of the another set of compressing member on the body of rod, again at the outside of second layer steel mesh reinforcement sprayed mortar, the thickness of concrete spray coating will be enough to reach this cover compressing member covered and is as the criterion, form second layer concrete spray coating, finish supporting for the second time;

(5) according to the construction needs, can repeat repeatedly linked network, compress, whitewash, to finish repeatedly supporting.

For can concise description for the purpose of the problem, below this composite support anchor rod be all abbreviated as this anchor pole.

As mentioned above as can be known, this anchor pole can carry out repeatedly supporting to country rock, its supporting potentiality are given full play of, for the second time and the effect of later each time supporting be to control the loosening development of distinguishing, can form composite construction with the supporting first time (is the second layer and later each layer steel mesh reinforcement, concrete spray coating has not only been reinforced the first floor concrete spray coating, and with itself and first floor steel mesh reinforcement, country rock is combined into one, form common prop), like this, effectively realized the strong supporting that adds to the first floor concrete spray coating, make the first floor concrete spray coating survivable, thereby guarantee the reliability of whole anchor net spray support system, keep the long-term stability of country rock, the destruction in bad repair of having reduced country rock is for surrounding rock supporting provides a kind of reliable suspension device.

In sum, but this anchor pole is made simple, easy for installation, with low cost extensive use, is particularly useful for the anchor net spray supporting operation of soft-rock tunnel, has solved concrete spray coating and has ftractureed, destroys this knotty problem too early.

As the improvement of this anchor pole, on the described body of rod corresponding to locating packing ring of equal suit between pallet in every cover compressing member and the nut.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this anchor pole;

Fig. 2 adopts this anchor pole that country rock is carried out surrounding rock supporting sectional view behind the secondary supporting;

Fig. 3 adopts this anchor pole country rock to be carried out the support principle schematic diagram of secondary supporting.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is specifically described:

Referring to Fig. 1, this anchor pole has a side to be shaped on the externally threaded body of rod 1, is arranged on the cover of two on the body of rod 1 compressing member, every cover compressing member comprises and spinning with the pallet 2 of the body of rod 1 socket, with the body of rod 1 and near the nut 4 of external screw thread outer end, corresponding to locating packing ring 3 of equal suit between pallet 2 in every cover compressing member and the nut 4, externally threaded length is 200mm on the body of rod 1.

Referring to Fig. 2, the job practices of this anchor pole, it comprises following processing step:

(1) broken rock:, make rock crusher to design section size (not shown country rock among Fig. 2) by explosion or mechanical system;

(2) anchor hole location and pore-forming: preboring anchor hole on the roadway surrounding rock that is shaped, the array pitch between anchor hole is 700 * 700mm (a not shown anchor hole among Fig. 2);

(3) primary linked network, anchor pole is laid, compress, whitewashing: select this anchor pole according to the construction needs, on this anchor pole, hang first floor steel mesh reinforcement 5, the anchor hole of according to a conventional method this anchor pole being packed into, first floor steel mesh reinforcement 5 is pressed in by means of the most inboard that cover compressing member on the body of rod 1 on the scar of country rock (not shown corresponding packing ring among Fig. 2), at the outside of first floor steel mesh reinforcement 5 sprayed mortar, the thickness of concrete spray coating will be enough to reach this cover compressing member covered and is as the criterion, the first floor concrete spray coating 6 that forms thickness and be 90mm (at this moment, the revealed section length that external screw thread on the body of rod 1 is in outside the first floor concrete spray coating 6 is 120mm), finish supporting for the first time;

(4) secondary linked network, compress, whitewashing: heavily stressed the obtaining in country rock discharges, the distortion back (rate of strain of the country rock that can arrive according to field observation is determined) of tending towards stability, hysteresis place at distance boring head 30～50m, the revealed section that utilizes the external screw thread on the body of rod 1 to be in outside the first floor concrete spray coating 6 is hung second layer steel mesh reinforcement 7, this layer steel mesh reinforcement is pressed in the surface (not shown corresponding packing ring among Fig. 2) of first floor concrete spray coating 6 by means of the another set of compressing member on the body of rod 1, again at the outside of second layer steel mesh reinforcement 7 sprayed mortar, the thickness of concrete spray coating will be enough to reach this cover compressing member covered and is as the criterion, forming thickness is the second layer concrete spray coating 8 of 80mm, finishes supporting for the second time.

The effect of supporting for the second time is to control the development in loosening district, can form composite construction with the supporting first time, second layer steel mesh reinforcement 7, another set of compressing member, second layer concrete spray coating 8 have not only been reinforced first floor concrete spray coating 6, and itself and first floor steel mesh reinforcement 5, country rock be combined into one, form common prop, thereby keep the long-term stability of country rock.

Referring to Fig. 3, a, a ' represent respectively for the first time, the scope of relax zone between this anchor pole after the supporting for the second time, b, b ' represent respectively for the first time, formed anchoring body built-up arch thickness after the supporting for the second time, L, L ' represent the effective support length after the first time, the supporting for the second time respectively, and α is the anchor pole pilot angle.

As can be seen from Figure 3, a '＜a, after this explanation supporting for the second time, between the anchor pole scope of relax zone than supporting for the first time after between the anchor pole scope of relax zone reduce; B '＞b, after this explanation supporting for the second time, formed anchoring body built-up arch thickness greater than the supporting first time after formed anchoring body built-up arch thickness; L '＞L, the effective support length after this explanation supporting for the second time is also long than the effective support length after the supporting first time.

Hence one can see that, and this anchor pole can not only be reinforced first floor concrete spray coating 6, and whole support system is also reinforced, and supporting intensity is strengthened comprehensively, reduced the destruction in bad repair of country rock, the safety that has improved country rock.

Above-described only is a kind of embodiment of the utility model anchor pole.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also make some modification and improvement, these also should be considered as belonging to protection domain of the present utility model.Such as: also can be at the compressing member that is provided with on the body of rod more than two covers, in addition, externally threaded length can be determined according to the supporting number of times, usually, the every increase of supporting number of times once, externally threaded length will corresponding increase 100mm, so that set up a cover compressing member on the external thread section of the body of rod.

Claims

1, composite support anchor rod, there is a side to be shaped on the externally threaded body of rod, is arranged on the cover of one on body of rod compressing member, this cover compressing member comprises and spinning with the pallet of body of rod socket, with the body of rod and near the nut of external screw thread outer end, it is characterized in that: a cover compressing member also is set on the body of rod at least again, and this cover compressing member comprises and spinning with the pallet of body of rod socket, with the body of rod and the nut of close external screw thread outer end.

2, composite support anchor rod according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the body of rod corresponding to locating packing ring of equal suit between pallet in every cover compressing member and the nut.