CN201365200Y - Self-excited power conversion circuit - Google Patents
Self-excited power conversion circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201365200Y CN201365200Y CNU2009200797583U CN200920079758U CN201365200Y CN 201365200 Y CN201365200 Y CN 201365200Y CN U2009200797583 U CNU2009200797583 U CN U2009200797583U CN 200920079758 U CN200920079758 U CN 200920079758U CN 201365200 Y CN201365200 Y CN 201365200Y
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Abstract
The utility model provides a self-excited power conversion circuit, which consists of a switch body 302, a high frequency transformer, a capacitor 304, a capacitor Cx and a diode 308; wherein a center tap 301C of a primary winding of the high frequency transformer is connected with one end of a power supply; the capacitor 304 is connected at a 301A end of the primary winding and a first terminal of the switch body 302; the diode 308 is reversely connected between the first terminal and a third terminal of the switch body 302; the third terminal of the switch body 302 is connected with a common terminal GND; a second terminal of the switch body 302 is connected with a 301B end of the primary winding; and the common terminal GND is connected with the other end of the power supply. The self-excited power conversion circuit has the advantages that the power conversion efficiency is high, and the continuous self-excited oscillation is realized by utilizing the automatic alternation of the charge-discharge process of an LC circuit.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The utility model relates to the supply convertor circuit, relates to utilize semiconductor device more specifically, a kind of power supply modality conversion is become the circuit of another kind of power supply form; There is not the oscillator that produces pumping signal in the utility model circuit, belongs to the auto-excitation type power supply converter; In the utility model, input and output are isolated fully by high frequency transformer, belong to the off-line type supply convertor.
Background technology
Power supply generally all needs could be used by various electric equipment after the conversion, such as AC-DC, and high voltage variable low pressure, direct current becomes interchange etc., and the method for power conversion is various.Every semiconductor power device that utilizes is as switch, and a kind of power supply modality conversion is become the circuit of another kind of power supply form, is called switch transformed circuit, is called Switching Power Supply again.
Supply convertor is pressed energisation mode, can be divided into two big classes: auto-excitation type and separated exciting.Wherein, the oscillator that produces pumping signal, drive circuit, accessory power supply etc. must be arranged in the separated exciting circuit, the circuit structure complexity, required components and parts are more, and cost is higher.It or not the category that the utility model is discussed.The typical case of auto-excitation type off-line supply convertor is represented as Luo Aiyeshi and Johnson's formula converter.
Fig. 1 illustrates the example of Luo Aiyeshi supply convertor 10.This circuit is that U.S. scientist Luo Aiye (G.H.Royer) is in the nineteen fifty-five utility model.Its ingenious part just is, utilizes the saturated self-oscillation of realizing of magnetic core of high frequency transformer.After this, constantly be developed out, replaced early stage rotary and mechanical vibrator formula converter based on the various forms of supply convertors of this technology.Be widely used at that time on space flight and the military electronic equipment.
In today, the Luo Aiyeshi supply convertor fails to be used widely.Tracing it to its cause, is that this circuit exists many shortcomings.For example: the magnetic core of (1) high-frequency output transformer (101) must saturatedly could be realized lasting self-oscillation, and core material is had special requirement, generally will have rectangular hysteresis loop, and higher magnetic flux density be arranged.(2) energy loss of semiconductor power device (102,103) is very big, even also be like this when underload.(3) operating frequency is lower.(4) one group of independently drive coil (1011) must be arranged.(5) balance quality of circuit relatively poor (parameter of transistor 102,103 is discrepant).
Fig. 2 illustrates the example of Johnson's formula supply convertor 20.This circuit is that U.S. scientist Johnson (J.L.Jensen) succeeded in developing in nineteen fifty-seven.Its operation principle is as broad as long with above-mentioned Luo Aiyeshi supply convertor in itself, and the magnetic core that also will rely on high frequency transformer is saturated realizes the self-oscillation that continues.Its difference is, Johnson Shi Biluoaiyeshi is a many high frequency transformer (202), and this transformer is specifically designed to driving, oxide-semiconductor control transistors (203,204) conversion of operation state, and it also needs the saturated self-oscillation that continues realized of magnetic core.And output transformer (201) just can be realized voltage transformation and power delivery at linear condition.So Johnson's formula supply convertor is also referred to as dual transformer Luo Aiyeshi supply convertor.Owing to adopted independently driven saturated transformer, with respect to Luo Aiyeshi, Johnson's formula supply convertor is a technological progress, and its circuit performance has greatly improved.Mainly show as: the loss of (1) transistor (203,204) has reduced.(2) operating frequency of circuit increases, and the volume of output transformer (201) can diminish.(3) balance quality of circuit makes moderate progress.But its destiny is the same with Luo Aiyeshi, also only is confined to the application in some field such as the inversion part of ups power in today.Main cause has two, the first, needs two transformers; The second, the same among driving transformer and the Luo Aiyeshi has special requirement to core material, generally will have rectangular hysteresis loop, and higher magnetic flux density be arranged.
For those skilled in the art, the operation principle of above-mentioned two class supply convertors should be understanding and be familiar with, be not described in detail its course of work here.Auto-excitation type off-line supply convertor also has many similar or close circuit except that above-mentioned two classical circuit.As at present common, be used for low power RCC translation circuit (be the self-excitation flyback converter again, power output is generally below 50W) etc.Described no longer one by one here.Put it briefly, shortcoming or deficiency that auto-excitation type off-line supply convertor prior art exists are following several respects:
Need an independent driving transformer (as Johnson's formula), or one group of driver element that independent drive coil components and parts such as (as Luo Aiyeshi and RCC formulas) constitute.
Need the magnetic core of transformer saturated (as Luo Aiyeshi, Johnson's formula), or transistor current saturated (as the RCC formula) could realize lasting self-oscillation.
Power supply conversion efficiency is low.Drive loss and transistor switch loss are bigger, and the element in the circuit except that electric capacity and inductance element, also has resistive element, and its resistance loss is also very big.
The power supply input side needs jumbo electric capacity, as the level and smooth electrochemical capacitor (effect of starting of oscillation electric capacity of also holding concurrently in the majority circuit) of using.Press or above power supply if input is an electric main, after rectification, also need the high voltage withstanding electrochemical capacitor of smoothly using.
When the input power supply is interchange (such as 220V/50HZ), if the reactive factor correcting circuit, its power factor is very low.
Therefore, be desirable to provide and a kind ofly can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, simple in structure, novel auto-excitation type off-line supply convertor cheaply.
The utility model content
For overcoming above-mentioned technical deficiency, the utility model provides a kind of can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, simple in structure, novel auto-excitation type off-line supply convertor cheaply.
The utility model is to realize above-mentioned advantage like this;
It mainly is made up of switch body 302, high frequency transformer 301, capacitor 304, capacitor Cx, diode 308;
Described switch body 302 has three splicing ears at least; Comprise the first terminal, second terminal, the 3rd terminal, wherein the first terminal is the switch body control end, conducting between second terminal and the 3rd terminal or disconnection are controlled by the first terminal.
The primary coil of described high frequency transformer 301 is in series by the different name terminal of inductance 3011 and inductance 3012, the series connection point of two inductance forms primary coil centre cap 301C, capacitor 304 is connected the 301A end of described primary coil and the first terminal of switch body 302, oppositely connect diode 308 between the first terminal of switch body 302, the 3rd terminal, the 3rd terminal of switch body 302 is connected to public terminal GND, and second terminal of switch body 302 is connected to described primary coil 301B end; Capacitor Cx is connected between first polar curve circle 301B end and the public terminal GND, and primary coil centre cap 301C is connected with power supply one end; Public terminal GND is connected with the power supply other end.
Be connected with capacitor 306 between the first terminal of switch body 302 and the public terminal GND; Between the first terminal of switch body 303 and public terminal GND, be connected with capacitor 307.
Switch body 302,303 can be provided by MOSFET, and MOSFET grid, drain electrode, source electrode be corresponding switch body the first terminal, second terminal, the 3rd terminal respectively; Its switch body also can use other element to provide, and comprises SCR, IGBT, transistor etc., realizes the switch body function.
This circuit can also can be used by other combination of circuits by independent use.
With respect to existing autonomous convertor, the supply convertor that the utility model provides is a technological progress, is with regard to the once breakthrough on the principle.Its realization of goal process is totally different.Mainly show as the following aspects:
(1) prior art needs the magnetic core of high frequency transformer saturated (as Luo Aiyeshi, Johnson's formula), or transistor current saturated (as the RCC formula) could realize lasting self-oscillation.The utility model is to utilize the automatic replacement of the charge and discharge process of lc circuit to realize the self-oscillation that continues.
(2) inductance in the utility model when storing or releasing energy, has dual mode: when the switch of series connection with it is in closure state, show as the pure inductance formula, when the switch of series connection with it is in cut-off state, constitute the LC formula with capacitors in series.And this dual mode hockets.
(3) in the utility model, the energy that load obtained is made up of two parts, and part energy is provided by lc circuit, and another part energy provides via inductance (one section coil) and switch body.The power stress of switch body greatly reduces because of the shunting of lc circuit.As the semiconductor device of switch, not unique passage that load energy is transmitted, but realize the passage of lasting self-oscillation.This is that prior art is not available.In the prior art,, be unique passage of energy delivery, storage, that is to say to have only when the time, just have energy to be stored or to be delivered to load as the transistor turns of switch as the transistor of switch.
(4) in the utility model, lc circuit has the conducting of driving switch concurrently and ends when providing energy for load.The driver element that prior art needs an independent driving transformer, coil or other components and parts to constitute.
(5) power supply conversion efficiency height.The input power of prior art is broken down into three parts: driving power consumption, transistor switch loss and power output.In the utility model, little as the power stress of the semiconductor device of switch, switching loss is few.Lc circuit has the conducting of driving switch concurrently and ends when providing energy for load, so drive loss is minimum.
The utility model simple in structure, cost is low.
Description of drawings
The structure of Fig. 1 background technology Luo Aishi power converting circuit;
Fig. 2 background technology Johnson formula power converting circuit structure;
Fig. 3-1 the utility model execution mode one structure chart;
Fig. 3-2 the utility model execution mode two structure charts.
Embodiment
To be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings the utility model.
With reference to the detailed description of following relevant preferred case study on implementation, those skilled in the art can on level of detail, understand autonomous convertor with and the realization of additional advantage and target.Fig. 3-1 illustrates basic auto-excitation type translation circuit example of the utility model.Comprise by high frequency transformer 301, capacitor 304, capacitor Cx, diode 308, switch body 302 constitutes.The primary coil of high frequency transformer 301 is in series by the different name terminal of inductance 3011 and inductance 3012, inductance 3011 and capacitor 304 are connected between the grid of power end and switch body 302, inductance 3012 and switch body 302 are connected between power end and the public terminal GND, capacitor Cx, in parallel with switch body 302 oppositely connects diode 308 between switch body 302 grids, the source electrode.
Its operation principle is as follows: the energized Vi time, Vi is by inductance 3011, the grid of capacitor 304 and switch body 302 and the capacitor C between the source electrode
GS, produce charging current, promptly LC is charged by Vi.When the grid voltage of switch body 302 is charged to the cut-in voltage value, switch body 302 conductings, Vi is to inductance 3012 chargings.Just the polar curve circle produces self-induced e.m.f V
φ, it is anodal that 301A is arranged, 301B is a negative pole.After time through T=2 π √ LC, the electric current among the LC descends, and 302 grid voltage descends, and when being lower than the cut-in voltage value, switch body 302 is ended.Self-induced e.m.f V
φThe pole reversal, it is anodal that 301B is arranged, and 301A is a negative pole, and at this moment, the energy in energy among the LC and the inductance 3012 is discharged into load rapidly.Self-induced e.m.f V
φBy capacitor C x, diode 308, to capacitor 304 reverse chargings, switch body 302 is kept cut-off state, and after the time through T=2 π √ LC, LC is charged once more by Vi, when the grid capacitance when 302 is charged to the cut-in voltage value, and switch body 302 conducting once more.So go round and begin again, realize the sustained oscillation of converter, obtain alternating voltage, realize voltage exchange, power delivery and electrical isolation at the secondary coil two ends of transformer 301.
Embodiment 2 illustrates the example of autonomous convertor 31.Exemplary autonomous convertor 31 shown in Fig. 3 _ 2, by high frequency transformer 301, the switch body 302,303 that the MOSFET device provides, capacitor 304,305,306,307, diode 308,309 is formed.The different name terminal series connection of inductance 3011 and inductance 3012, the primary coil of formation high frequency transformer 301, the series connection point of two inductance is primary coil centre cap 301C.Capacitor 304,306 is connected between the 301A end and converter public terminal GND of primary coil, and mid point is connected to 302 grid between two capacitors, and 302 source class is connected to public terminal GND, oppositely connects diode 308 between grid, the source.302 drain electrode is connected to primary coil 301B end.Capacitor 305,307 is connected between primary coil 301B end and the converter public terminal GND, and mid point is connected to 303 grid between two capacitors, and 303 source electrode is connected to public terminal GND, oppositely connects diode 309 between grid, the source.303 drain electrode is connected to coil 301A end just.Primary coil centre cap 301C is connected with power positive end.Public terminal GND is connected with power supply negative terminal.
The operation principle main points of the exemplary auto-excitation type off-line of Figure 32 converter: the capacitor C between (1) capacitor 304,306 and 302 grids and the source electrode
GS,, constituted a LC path of energy delivery and storage with inductance 3011.Bear the task of driving switch body 302 simultaneously.Capacitor C between capacitor 305,307 and 303 grids and the source electrode
GS,, constituted the 2nd LC path of energy delivery and storage with inductance 3012.Bear the task of driving switch body 303 simultaneously.Between (2) the one LC charge period, switch body 302 is conductings, and inductance 3012 is recharged, switch body 303 by.(3) the conducting width T of switch
ONDetermine by T=2 π √ LC.T
ON≥T。The alternately conversion of switch body conducting and cut-off state, the automatic replacement of the charge and discharge process of the lc circuit that places one's entire reliance upon.This point is the operation principle that is different from existing auto-excitation type off-line converter.And realized the soft unlatching of " no-voltage ".Lc circuit is born the part energy transmission and the storage of load, and the while also has the conducting of driving switch body concurrently and ends, and does not adopt resistance element, and its drive loss is minimum.(4) energy that load obtained is made up of two parts, and part energy is provided by lc circuit, and another part energy provides via an inductance and switch body.The power stress of switch body greatly reduces because of the shunting of lc circuit.This also is that the end that prior art does not possess (5) inductance 3011 is when storing or releasing energy, dual mode is arranged: when the switch body 303 of series connection with it is in closure state, show as the pure inductance formula, when switch body 303 is in cut-off state, inductance 3011 and electric capacity (304,306, C
GS) series connection formation LC formula.(6) inductance 3012 has dual mode when storing or releasing energy: when the switch body 302 of series connection with it is in closure state, show as the pure inductance formula, when switch body 302 is in cut-off state, inductance 3012 and electric capacity (305,307, C
GS) series connection formation LC formula.When (7) capacitor 304 discharged, diode 308 became the discharge path of its negative terminal.Simultaneously, the input capacitance between capacitor 306 and switch body 302 grid, the source electrode discharges its residual charge by this diode.The same reason, during capacitor 305 discharges, diode 309 becomes the discharge path of its negative terminal.Simultaneously, the input capacitance between capacitor 307 and switch body 303 grid, the source electrode discharges its residual charge by this diode.(8) when switch body 303 closures, capacitor 304 discharges its residual charge by switch 303, diode 308.When switch body 302 closures, capacitor 305 discharges its residual charge by switch body 302, diode 309.
In conjunction with above-mentioned operation principle main points, be how to realize that the self-oscillation that continues gives detailed description to the utility model.Because the parameter of each components and parts is discrepant, during energized Vi, the conducting of a switch body elder generation is always arranged, suppose switch body 302 first conductings, its course of work is as follows: during energized Vi, V
iBy inductance 3011, the capacitor C GS between capacitor 304,306 and 302 grids and the source electrode produces electric current I
A, promptly a LC is charged by Vi.When the grid voltage when 302 is charged to the cut-in voltage value, switch body 302 conductings, Vi produces electric current I to inductance 3012 chargings
BNet current (I is arranged in the primary coil
B-I
A)＞0, the self-induced e.m.f V Φ that primary coil produces, it is anodal that 301A is arranged, 301B is a negative pole.After time through T=2 π √ LC, the electric current among the LC descends, and 302 grid voltage descends, and when being lower than the cut-in voltage value, switch body 302 is ended.The self-induced e.m.f V Φ pole reversal, it is anodal that 301B is arranged, 301A is a negative pole.At this moment, energy among the LC and the energy in the inductance 3012 are discharged into load rapidly.Input capacitance is charged by voltage Vi between capacitor 305,307 and 303 grids and the source electrode, produces electric current I
B, promptly the 2nd LC is charged by Vi.Switch body 303 conductings, Vi produces electric current I to inductance 3011 chargings
ANet current (I is arranged in the primary coil
A-I
B)＞0.After time through T=2 π √ LC, the electric current among the 2nd LC descends, and 303 grid voltage descends, and when being lower than the cut-in voltage value, switch body 303 is ended.Self-induced e.m.f V Φ polarity is reverse once more, and promptly 301A is anodal, and 301B is a negative pole.Energy in energy among the 2nd LC and the inductance 3011 is discharged into load rapidly.Capacitor C between capacitor 304,306 and 302 grids and the source electrode
GSVi charges by voltage, and promptly a LC is charged once more by Vi, produces electric current I
ASwitch body 302 conducting again.Vi begins charging again to inductance 3012, produces electric current I
BNet current (I is arranged in the primary coil
B-I
A)＞0.So after experience and above-mentioned duplicate process, switch body 302 enters cut-off state once more, and switch body 303 enters conducting state once more.So go round and begin again, in transformer 301 primary coils, produce the alternation net current, obtain alternating voltage at the secondary coil two ends, realize voltage alternating, power delivery and electrical isolation.
Need the problem that remarks additionally in the preferred enforcement example of above-mentioned auto-excitation type off-line converter circuit: (1) capacitor 306 and 307 not necessarily.Even no, circuit also is complete, also can operate as normal.But by the switch body 302,303 that the MOSFET device provides, the input capacitance electric weight between its grid and the source electrode is limited, generally only has hundreds to several thousand pico farads.Limited the ability that the electric energy of lc circuit passes through.In order to enlarge the capacity of circuit energy transmission and storage, be parallel with capacitor 306 and 307 respectively at its two ends.Its capacitance should satisfy following condition: [(C
306+ C
GS)/(C
306+ C
GS+ C
304)] * Vi 〉=Vg.Wherein, C
GSBe the input capacitance between grid and the source electrode, Vg is the cut-in voltage value of control, C
304=C
305, C
306=C
307(2) drain electrode of MOSFET device 302,303 has become the switch passage with source electrode, and the input capacitance C between grid and the source electrode
GSConstituted the control end path, the while is the part of lc circuit also.Yet should be appreciated that the components and parts that also can use other, comprise SCR, GTO, IGBT, triode etc., realize the function of switch body 302,303.For example, when replacing MOSFET device among Fig. 3 _ 1 or the 3_2 with triode, the emitter and collector of triode has constituted a switch passage, and the joint of the PN between base stage and the emitter has constituted the control end path, also is the charge path of lc circuit simultaneously.(3) converter in the above-mentioned preferred enforcement example is made up of two switches, belongs to push-pull converter on the version.It is auto-excitation type off-line push-pull converter.Yet should be appreciated that its version is not confined.For example, with reference to the example converter among the figure 3_1, cancellation switch body 303 wherein, capacitor 305,307, behind the diode 309, variation has taken place in its version, but example converter is still pressed above-mentioned principle operate as normal, and has kept most advantages of above-mentioned converter.
Claims (3)
1. an auto-excitation type power supply transformation circuit mainly is made up of switch body (302), high frequency transformer (301), capacitor (304), capacitor Cx, diode (308);
Described switch body (302) has three splicing ears at least; Comprise the first terminal, second terminal, the 3rd terminal, wherein the first terminal is the switch body control end, conducting between second terminal and the 3rd terminal or disconnection are controlled by the first terminal;
The primary coil of described high frequency transformer (301) is in series by the different name terminal of inductance (3011) and inductance (3012), the series connection point of two inductance forms primary coil centre cap (301C), capacitor (304) is connected (301A) end of described primary coil and the first terminal of switch body (302), oppositely connect diode (308) between the first terminal of switch body (302), the 3rd terminal, the 3rd terminal of switch body (302) is connected to public terminal GND, and second terminal of switch body (302) is connected to described primary coil (301B) end; Capacitor Cx is connected between first polar curve circle 301B end and the public terminal GND, and primary coil centre cap (301C) is connected with power supply one end; Public terminal GND is connected with the power supply other end.
2. a kind of according to claim 1 auto-excitation type power supply transformation circuit, it is characterized in that, primary coil (301A) is held and is held altogether and is connected with switch body (303) between the GND, the 3rd terminal of switch body (303) is connected to public terminal GND, oppositely connect diode (309) between switch body (303) the first terminal, the 3rd terminal, second terminal of switch body (303) is connected to primary coil (301A) end.Between the first terminal of primary coil (301B) end and described switch body (303), connect capacitor (305).
3. a kind of as claimed in claim 1 or 2 auto-excitation type power supply transformation circuit is characterized in that, is connected with capacitor (306) between the first terminal of switch body (302) and public terminal GND; Between the first terminal of switch body (303) and public terminal GND, be connected with capacitor (307).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2009200797583U CN201365200Y (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Self-excited power conversion circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2009200797583U CN201365200Y (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Self-excited power conversion circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201365200Y true CN201365200Y (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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ID=41475869
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2009200797583U Expired - Lifetime CN201365200Y (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | Self-excited power conversion circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101527526B (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2012-01-18 | 成都大殷电器科技有限公司 | Auto-excitation type power supply transformation circuit |
-
2009
- 2009-03-24 CN CNU2009200797583U patent/CN201365200Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101527526B (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2012-01-18 | 成都大殷电器科技有限公司 | Auto-excitation type power supply transformation circuit |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20091216 Effective date of abandoning: 20090324 |
|
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Chengdu Dayin Electric Appliances Scie.& Tech. Co., Ltd. Document name: Notification of Passing Examination on Formalities |