CN201344857Y - Wind power generation simulation test platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wind power generation simulation test platform, comprising a host computer system, a wind turbine simulation system and a generator characteristic analysis system, wherein the wind turbine simulation system comprises a first processor, a frequency converter and a prime motor, and the first processor outputs the torque value of the prime motor to the frequency converter which controls the prime motor through direct torque control; the generator characteristic analysis system consists of a wind power generator and a second processor, and the wind power generator is connected with the prime motor through a driving shaft; and the three-phase voltage and three-phase current output by the wind power generator are input to the second processor after being isolated, amplified and processed by an A / D circuit, and the second processor analyzes the quality of electric energy and then sends the result to the host computer system. The utility model is suitable for the simulation of various wind turbine parameters, and can analyze and store the electric energy output characteristics of the generator in real time.

Description

Simulation experiment platform for wind power generation

Technical field

The utility model is the technology of a kind of wind-powered electricity generation unit simulation and test.Be mainly used in simulation wind energy turbine set actual conditions under laboratory environment, and the output characteristics of test generator.

Background technology

The aerogenerator of present actual motion, the utilization ratio of wind energy is appointed the space that has greatly improved.Simultaneously along with the rise of brushless double feed generator research in recent years, it is necessary and urgently that the wind energy conversion system simulation of wind power generation simulation system becomes.Therefore before wind energy conversion system is installed, need carry out the design and the algorithm thereof of the performance test checking generator of generator in advance, improve the control strategy of a whole set of wind generator system.And to carry out the test of wind power generating set in the laboratory that does not possess wind energy turbine set running environment, must set up the simulation experiment platform for wind power generation that can simulate wind energy turbine set wind energy characteristic and test wind-powered electricity generation unit performance.

Simulation to blower fan can be divided into static simulation and dynamic similation by analog feature.The thinking of its analogy method is the same substantially.Core concept all is: output torque (power) and the corresponding relation of the torque (power) of the corresponding relation of rotating speed and actual wind energy conversion system and rotating speed of prime mover of control simulation system when stable state is the same.Owing to only considered the situation of stable state, the just static process of these simulation system simulations.Though the character of wind energy conversion system when stable state can be studied by the static simulation system, especially to the research of maximal wind-energy capture.But, but can't simulate for the dynamic process of wind energy conversion system, and actual wind energy conversion system electricity generation system is because the frequent variation of wind speed and load is often to be in dynamic changing process, so be the needs that static simulation can not be satisfied further research.

Compare existing research basis, " wind-driven generator group wind-wheel power out-put characteristic analogue testing method " (CN1936351, Shenyang University of Technology) the utility model proposes more accurate wind speed model, is more suitable in the operating mode of the actual wind energy turbine set of simulation.And each functional module carried out modular design, the system that makes has versatility more.Only need change the effect that software parameter just can reach simulation to all kinds blower fan.

The method of existing dynamic similation, be that reference electromagnetic torque and wind speed round with prime mover synchronous motor connects, make the electromagnetic torque of synchronous motor have identical Changing Pattern with the pneumatic torque of wind wheel, by increasing the same size of moment of inertia of reduction gear box and configuration simulation system, realize the dynamic similation wind mill wind wheel simultaneously with wind energy conversion system.

Synchronous motor is through reduction gear box output low speed torque, and the reduction gear ratio of gear case is determined according to the working speed scope of synchronous motor and wind wheel.In case determine reduction gear ratio, the equivalent parameterss on synchronous motor shaft such as wind wheel inertia, torque, resistance just can draw.The electromagnetic torque of motor equates with the equivalence value of the pneumatic torque of wind wheel.K is the driving-chain equivalent elastic coefficient among the figure, and it is the scale-up factor at torque and slip angle, for simple meter k gets infinity.

Suppose that reduction gear ratio is 1: n, the rotor inertia on the synchronous motor shaft is J _m, wind wheel inertia is J _a, equivalent moment of resistance T _L, then the inertia of wind wheel can be converted the additional inertial J on the motor shaft _l, and the equivalent torque of the pneumatic torque of wind wheel on motor shaft is electromagnetic torque.Change J _lPromptly change the inertia of wind wheel, and change the pneumatic torque that electromagnetic torque promptly changes wind wheel.

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{J}_l=\frac{1}{n^2}{J}_a-J_m\\ F_m=\frac{1}{n}{F}_a\\ T_e=\frac{1}{n}{T}_a\\ T_l=\frac{1}{n}{T}_L\end{array}\right.$

Then:

$T_e=J_l{\stackrel{\·\·}{\mathrm{\θ}}}_m+T_l+F_m{\stackrel{\·}{\mathrm{\θ}}}_m$

Utilize the inertia of two formula configuration analogue means above the formula, the electromagnetic torque of control prime mover can realize simulating dynamically wind energy conversion system.But simulate different wind energy conversion systems, except change torque one speed curves of wind energy conversion system on software, most important is to need to change mechanical hook-up, to be fit to the inertia of wind energy conversion system.And change mechanical hook-up is time-consuming, as a to bother thing.Therefore, flexible, as to adapt to a various wind energy conversion system parameters analogue means be constructed, feasible method need be sought in addition.

Existing test platform can not carry out real-time analysis and storage to generator electric energy output characteristics.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simulation experiment platform for wind power generation at the defective of prior art.

A kind of simulation experiment platform for wind power generation is characterized in that comprising master system, wind energy conversion system simulation system and generator property analytic system;

The wind energy conversion system simulation system comprises first processor, frequency converter and prime mover; The torque value of first processor output prime mover is given frequency converter, controls prime mover by frequency converter by Direct Torque Control;

The generator property analytic system comprises the aerogenerator and second processor; Aerogenerator links to each other with prime mover by transmission shaft, the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of aerogenerator output are input to second processor through after isolation, amplification and the A/D processing of circuit, and second processor is sent to master system with the result after the quality of power supply is analyzed.

Further, also comprise anemoscope, the wind velocity signal of anemoscope sends first processor to after handling through single-chip microcomputer.

Further, described frequency converter is the ACS800 frequency converter, and first processor communicates by RMBA-01 adaptor module and ACS800 frequency converter.

Further, the wind energy conversion system simulation system also comprises the rotating speed code-wheel that is arranged on prime mover, and the rotating speed code-wheel is sent to first processor with the tach signal of prime mover.

Further, aerogenerator is a brushless dual-feedback wind power generator.

Further, master system also links to each other with touch-screen.

Master system is made of arm processor and peripheral circuit thereof.First processor, second processor are digital signal processor TMS320F2812.

The utility model has made up flexible, as to adapt to a various wind energy conversion system parameters analogue means.Generator has been realized dynamic similation.Generation from wind speed is realized modular processing to the wind wheel torque produces, make things convenient for the maintenance and the upgrading of system, improved the versatility of system.Realized the electric energy output-index of generator is carried out online analyzing and processing.

The utility model has been set up breadboard simulation wind by the wind speed model based on statistical model and arma modeling, the actual motion wind speed of the fine simulation wind energy turbine set of energy.Then wind wheel, transmission shaft, gear case, change slurry are carried out modeling apart from the pulse characteristic of system and pneumatic torque, to reach the purpose of the true wind energy conversion system operation characteristic of simulation.Detect the electric energy output characteristics of generator at last in real time by a cover pick-up unit.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:

1, realized wind speed simulation at the wind energy turbine set wind regime.

2, wind speed, wind wheel, transmission shaft, gear case, change slurry are carried out mould apart from the pulse characteristic of system and pneumatic torque

The blocking design.Thereby have very strong compatibility and versatility.

3, can online electric energy output characteristics analyze the wind-force unit, draw wind speed, voltage, electric current, harmonic wave,

Wind speed-powertrace.And realization is to the storage of these data.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general structure synoptic diagram of simulation experiment platform for wind power generation;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that wind speed is gathered;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of wind energy conversion system simulation system;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of generator property analytic system;

The global response sequential of Fig. 5 simulation experiment platform for wind power generation;

Main program flow chart in Fig. 6 host computer.

Embodiment

The enforcement of native system comprises hardware and software, and wherein overall hardware architecture as shown in Figure 1.Software comprises simulation wind speed, wind wheel, transmission shaft, gear case, the change slurry pulse characteristic apart from system and pneumatic torque; Wind speed is gathered; The design of generator output electric energy detection part.

The hardware configuration of system comprises asynchronous motor, BDFM, ABB frequency converter, OMRON code-wheel, ARM master system, two dsp systems, a Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system and some peripheral circuits.

The global response sequential of system as shown in Figure 5.

1, each part description

Asynchronous motor

The Y200L2-6 type three phase squirrel cage induction motor that prime mover adopts Shuande, Guangdong Province city to produce along online power plant.

Generator

Can adopt any type of aerogenerator, adopt a brushless dual-feedback wind power generator BDFM here.

ABB frequency converter and expansion module thereof

ACS800 and RMBA-01 adaptor module, the former is used to produce Direct Torque Control prime mover is controlled,

The latter is used for communicating with first processor, thereby can realize the adjusting to frequency converter automatically.

OMRON rotating speed code-wheel

Be used to produce the tacho-pulse of generator, link to each other with first processor, by the rotating speed of first processor calculating generator by RS-232.

The ARM master system

Be used for monitoring and coordinate whole system operation, show and write down the electric energy output characteristics of generator.

The wind energy conversion system simulation system

The realization of wind-force simulation part realizes exporting to wind wheel from the generation of wind speed the simulation of torque.As shown in Figure 3.

The generator property analytic system

Be used for electric current, the voltage of analysis generator output, the data of power.As shown in Figure 4.

Single-chip microcomputer

Adopt the STC4052 single-chip microcomputer, gather the wind velocity signal that gets off from anemoscope, and change the parallel port module by the M8141 serial ports and pass to the DSP1# system.As shown in Figure 2.

2, modeling algorithm

2.1 the simulation of wind speed

Combine the characteristics of statistics wind speed model and arma modeling, go out the mean wind speed that remains unchanged in the 600s, utilize this mean wind speed and prior given T according to statistics wind speed Model Calculation _I, L and T _sCalculate the turbulent flow component.By formula v _w(k)=v _w(kT _Ws)=v+v _t(k) analog quantity of calculation of wind speed.

Algorithm for the mean wind speed that meets statistics wind speed model is: adopt the inverse function method, establishing X is stochastic variable, and probability distribution is $F\left(v\right)=1-\exp [-{\left(\frac{v}{c}\right)}^k],$ Because being nondecreasing function and codomain, F () is [0,1], its inverse function F ^-1() has definition on [0,1].Go up equally distributed stochastic variable if U is [0,1], then have

P _t{F ^-1(U)≤y}＝P _t{U≤F(y)}＝F(y)

So, variable x=F ^-1(y) probability distribution function must be F ().Therefore to produce the random number v of Follow Weibull Distribution F (), just go up equally distributed random number U, pass through formula F then as long as produce [0,1] ^-1(U) can try to achieve v.

2.2 wind wheel model

The dynamic equation of wind wheel is: $J_{\mathrm{WT}}\frac{d{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}}{\mathrm{dt}}=T_{\mathrm{WT}}-T_{\mathrm{LS}}-{\mathrm{K\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}$

Wherein, J _WTThe moment of inertia of wind wheel, kgm ²ω _WTBe wind wheel rotational angular velocity, rad/s; T _WTBe the aerodynamic moment that wind wheel absorbed, Nm; T _LSFor final drive shaft passes to the moment of torsion of rigid gear, Nm; K is a ratio of damping.

2.3 gear train model

The moment of torsion of main drive shaft can be expressed as, and wherein, K is the elasticity coefficient of final drive shaft; θ _WTBe the angular displacement of wind wheel, θ _LSBe the angular displacement of low speed gear, both differences are the relative displacement angle of final drive shaft; B _LSRatio of damping for final drive shaft; ω _WT, ω _LSBe respectively the rotating speed of wind wheel and slow-speed shaft.

Step-up gear is a perfect rigidity, and its characteristic can be represented: $n_g=\frac{T_{\mathrm{LS}}}{T_{\mathrm{HS}}}=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{GEN}}}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{LS}}}.$

N wherein _gNo-load voltage ratio for gear mesh; ω _GENWith ω _LSBe respectively the rotating speed of time transmission shaft and final drive shaft; T _LSAnd T _HSBe respectively the moment of torsion of final drive shaft and time transmission shaft.

2.4 the analogy method of wind wheel and transmission shaft

Structure that to be prime mover directly link to each other with the double-fed generator axle that our analog platform adopts, so we need simulate also is the torque T that finally is loaded into generator _HS $T_{\mathrm{HS}}=\frac{T_{\mathrm{WT}}-J_{\mathrm{WT}}\frac{d{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}}{\mathrm{dt}}-{\mathrm{K\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}}{n_g},$

The calculating step-length that rounds a simulation system is Δ T _s, discrete T _HS,

$T_{\mathrm{HS}}\left(k\right)=\frac{T_{\mathrm{WT}}\left(k\right)-J_{\mathrm{WT}}\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}\left(k\right)-{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}(k-1)}{{\mathrm{\ΔT}}_s}-{\mathrm{K\ω}}_{\mathrm{WT}}\left(k\right)}{n_g}.$

3, workflow

Fig. 5 is the global response sequential.

Need the parameter list of transmission between table 1 master system and the first processor

The ARM master system is handled man-machine interface and writing task.The user can import the needed various parameters of simulation system by man-machine interface, and the ARM master system is downloaded to parameter of user in the first processor by serial port, to simulate accordingly.The ARM master system simultaneously and second processor communication obtains the electric energy characteristic of generator output, then the electric energy characteristic is shown and notes.

First processor is responsible for simulating feature of wind machine.It obtains analog parameter from the ARM master system, and the algorithm by realizing is simulated actual feature of wind machine then, calculates the torque value that need export to prime mover.Torque value is given frequency converter subsequently, controls prime mover by frequency converter by Direct Torque Control, thereby realizes the simulation of wind energy conversion system.First processor also can directly utilize the wind speed of actual measurement to replace the wind speed of simulation.

The three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of the output of second processor sampling generator carry out the analysis of the quality of power supply, and the result that will analyze are sent to the ARM master system by the SCI communication port.

As an optional function, single-chip microcomputer is gathered the wind speed pulse from anemoscope, through calculating, is wind velocity signal to send continuous wind velocity signal to first processor at interval with 1s.

4, program design

4.1ARM master system program design

The function of ARM program mainly comprises: graphical interfaces, serial communication, data storage.In order to improve the response speed of ARM program, we are two threads with the ARM procedure division: main thread and serial ports thread, realize communication by message between the worker thread.Main thread is responsible for drafting, response user operation, Message Processing and some the simple calculating at interface.Main thread also is responsible for communicating by letter with first processor simultaneously, and the analog parameter of user's input is sent to first processor, and this work is only carried out when needs change experiment parameter.The serial ports thread is finished the information interaction with second processor, receives the power quality data that second processor sends, and these data are sent to main thread by message.Its program circuit as shown in Figure 6.

4.2 Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program design

Because the wind speed that anemoscope produces is a pulse signal, thus must be converted into that DSP can discern digital signal, so pass through an enhancement mode 51 single-chip microcomputers 4052 these functions of realization.In the time of 1s, the rapid pulse of keeping watch is converted into actual wind speed towards signal, and carry out and encode, be transferred to ground by RS-485, interface with one 485 commentaries on classics 232 is converted into 232 signals with 485 signals then, connecting GM8141 serial ports changes the converter of parallel port, realizes and the communicating by letter of first processor by SPI at last.

4.3 simulation wind-powered electricity generation machine system programming

The work of simulation feature of wind machine is finished by first processor.Analog operation mainly comprises: wind speed simulation, propeller pitch angle control simulation, the simulation of propeller pitch angle topworks, pneumatic torque simulation and wind wheel acceleration simulation in real time.In the wind speed simulation, the every 600s of mean wind speed and wind speed model parameter upgrades once, and wind speed simulation is defaulted as 1s at interval, and the step-length of must simulating of system is 200ms.Since propeller pitch angle control with the generator relation closely propeller pitch angle topworks then change greatly according to different blower fans, take a function-FController () to come simulation to these two parts to encapsulate and simplify.

4.4 generator property analytic system program design

Second processor program is the core of generator property analytic system, main collection and the computing that realizes alternator output signal.Second processor is deciphered instruction after receiving the instruction (user instruction) of ARM, carries out corresponding data analysis and calculating then, and the back that disposes is toward the relevant data of ARM master system loopback.

Master routine is roughly finished following task: system initialization (comprising peripheral hardware initialization in the system clock initialization, sheet, the initialization of PIE interrupt vector table, the initialization of user's global variable etc.), outside A/D initialization, global interrupt register configuration, open global interrupt etc.After above-mentioned task was finished, system entered the core of program: according to the communications status sign, carry out different processing modes, all data processing algorithms also are to realize in this part.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of simulation experiment platform for wind power generation is characterized in that comprising master system, wind energy conversion system simulation system and generator property analytic system;

The wind energy conversion system simulation system comprises first processor, frequency converter and prime mover; The torque value of first processor output prime mover is given frequency converter, controls prime mover by frequency converter by Direct Torque Control;

The generator property analytic system comprises the aerogenerator and second processor; Aerogenerator links to each other with prime mover by transmission shaft, the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current of aerogenerator output are input to second processor through after isolation, amplification and the A/D processing of circuit, and second processor is sent to master system with the result after the quality of power supply is analyzed.

2, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising anemoscope, and the wind velocity signal of anemoscope sends first processor to after handling through single-chip microcomputer.

3, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that frequency converter is the ACS800 frequency converter, and first processor communicates by RMBA-01 adaptor module and ACS800 frequency converter.

4, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wind energy conversion system simulation system also comprises the rotating speed code-wheel that is arranged on prime mover, and the rotating speed code-wheel is sent to first processor with the tach signal of prime mover.

5, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that described aerogenerator is a brushless dual-feedback wind power generator.

6, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising the touch-screen that links to each other with master system.

7, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that master system is made of arm processor and peripheral circuit thereof.

8, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that first processor is digital signal processor TMS320F2812.

9, simulation experiment platform for wind power generation according to claim 8 is characterized in that second processor also is digital signal processor TMS320F2812.

Images