CN201321439Y - Garbage biomass gasification furnace - Google Patents
Garbage biomass gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN201321439Y CN201321439Y CNU2008201767114U CN200820176711U CN201321439Y CN 201321439 Y CN201321439 Y CN 201321439Y CN U2008201767114 U CNU2008201767114 U CN U2008201767114U CN 200820176711 U CN200820176711 U CN 200820176711U CN 201321439 Y CN201321439 Y CN 201321439Y
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a garbage biomass gasification furnace, which relates to a gasification processing device of garbage biomass. The garbage biomass gasification furnace is characterized in that a gasification furnace is a double gasification furnace hearth structure and is composed of a first gasification furnace hearth and a second gasification furnace hearth, wherein a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and a reduction zone are arranged in the first gasification furnace hearth, a plasma body gasification zone, a detention zone and a full burning zone are arranged in the second gasification furnace hearth, a superheating cavity is arranged in a fire-resistant furnace lining of the second gasification furnace hearth, and the bottom of the first gasification furnace hearth is directly communicated with the bottom of the second gasification furnace hearth. The device adopts the double gasification furnace hearth to gasify waste and biomass, which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of the gasification furnace and the quality of synthesis gas, simultaneously, coke tar can be effectively eliminated, extremely toxic substance-dioxin can be disintegrated, and contaminants in the synthesis gas can be reduced, which is beneficial for post-grade purification. The device is used to convert waste biomass into synthesis gas with utilization value, comprising urban gas products and raw material gas which is utilized to produce hydrogen gas, carbinol and methyl ether.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The utility model relates to the treatment facility of rubbish, biomass, specially refers to the equipment for gasification of rubbish, biomass.
Background technology
Current, energy shortage, the situation is tense in environmental protection.Rubbish is along with the continuous expansion of the development of Chinese national economy and city size and increase sharply, and the content of its objectionable constituent is also more and more higher, as handle bad, to pollute the environment, threaten people health, the progress that this not only can restrict society also has influence on the Sustainable development of national economy.Current, China handles domestic refuse and mainly contains Sanitary Landfill Technology, compost (biochemistry) technology and incineration technology, the major part area adopts sanitary landfill method to handle domestic refuse, and this not only need take a large amount of soils, waste resource, and easy contaminated land and underground water; The employing composting process is only utilized the organism about 40%, need to build supporting burning process equipment, also need sanitary filling field and match, there is contaminated soil in the heavy metal in the compost goods and enters the possibility of food cycle crop, has the hidden danger of secondary pollution equally; Adopt burning method to handle domestic waste, waste heat is used for generating electricity or heat supply, can accomplish minimizing, recycling treatment domestic refuse, but because domestic refuse water content height, calorific value are low, general garbage incinerating system needs the conventional fuel for combustion supporting with coal or fuel oil and so on when operation, have pollutant load height in the flue gas simultaneously, can not effectively eliminate carcinogenic violent in toxicity Dioxins and shortcomings such as furans, flue gas purification system complexity; Existing garbage incinerating system only adapts to the processing domestic waste, and can not spread to villages and small towns, can not realize low cost and reach the villages and small towns domestic refuse that processing moisture is higher, calorific value is lower of environmental requirement.
China is a large agricultural country, and biomass resource is very abundant, and only non-wood-fibers such as straw, wheat straw, reed, bamboo are just produced per year and surpassed 1,000,000,000 tons, add a large amount of wood machining residues, all are the huge energy " warehouse ".Biomass energy in use produces hardly to be polluted, and does not have SO
2Discharging, the CO of generation
2Need the CO that absorbs in gas and the growing process
2Quantitatively keep balance, be referred to as CO
2Neutral fuel.Replace fossil oil with biomass energy, but not only continuous utilization, and and environmental protection and ecological effect are outstanding, to improving the atmosphere acid rain environment, alleviating Greenhouse effect great benefit is all arranged.Yet the present agricultural surplus materials wasting of resources of China is surprising, except that the small portion rural area is used for the fermentation and biogas production, major part all by directly burning, landfill, rotted.
Rubbish, biomass are converted into the secondary energy of cleaning by the method for gasification, can obtain dual beneficial effect, the one, can solve problem of environmental pollution, the 2nd, can reduce dependence to the oil coal resources, for build a resource-conserving society and friendly environment society play active effect.But because the characteristics of domestic refuse are that low, the chloride thing of water content height, calorific value is many, easily generate the violent in toxicity Dioxins during burning, the synthetic gas calorific value that changes into the equipment of routine is low, quality does not reach the requirement of application, therefore, do not see that so far the handlebar domestic refuse is converted into the commercial applications report of secondary clean energy.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the shortcoming that will overcome prior art and equipment, realize the comprehensive utilization of rubbish, biomass, is rubbish, Wood Adhesives from Biomass to have to utilize the synthetic gas that is worth, institute's production of synthetic gas is used to produce the secondary clean energy products that comprises town gas, hydrogen, methyl alcohol, dme liquefied gas, thereby makes rubbish, Wood Adhesives from Biomass project can obtain business-like application.Described rubbish comprises domestic refuse, foodstuff processing waste, organic building decoration rubbish, medical waste and industrial high molecular waste material, and described biomass comprise the forestry waste, wood working tankage, energy-source plant, waterplant, wild plant of the agricultural wastes of straw, straw, wheat straw class and bamboo wood class etc.
Of the present utility model a kind of be the rubbish biomass feedstock conversion vapourizing furnace of synthetic gas, comprise the burner hearth setting, it is characterized in that vapourizing furnace is a double-gasifying stove thorax structure, constitute by first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set in first gasification hearth, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) coaxial from top to bottom successively setting, or the coaxial from top to bottom successively setting of baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), reduction zone (IV) and oxidation zone (V); Plasma gasification district (III), stagnant area (I) and burnt zone (II) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, the top in plasma gasification district (III) is stagnant area (I), and burnt zone (II) is in a side downstream of plasma gasification district (III); The bottom of first gasification hearth directly communicates with the bottom of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), and wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth; Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Sub-air chamber (2) and overheated chamber (4) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, and overheated chamber (4) and sub-air chamber (2) are communicated with; Drop-bottom (24) is in the bottom of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) along second gasification hearth tilts to burnt zone (II) direction drop-bottom (24) from first gasification hearth, and the end of burnt zone (II) is communicated with slag notch (18); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.
In the above-mentioned vapourizing furnace, pyrolysis gas passage (46) is arranged between the top of first gasification hearth and the sub-air chamber (2); Described overheated chamber (4) is more than one at least one, a plurality of overheated chambeies (4) around layout in refractorily lined (5), the inlet mouth in overheated chamber (4) is communicated with in sub-air chamber (2), the air outlet in overheated chamber (4) is in the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III), or the air outlet of overheated chamber (4) is communicated with in collection chamber (12), during the equipment operation, the pyrolysis gas that first gasification hearth generates enters into sub-air chamber (2) by passage (46), distribute by sub-air chamber (2) again and enter each overheated chamber (4), the function in overheated chamber (4) is to utilize the waste heat of second gasification hearth to come the pyrolysis gas of indirect heating in the generation of first gasification hearth, make the furnace temperature of the pyrolysis gas of first gasification hearth generation near second gasification hearth, enter into second gasification hearth then and further finish gasification, or return first gasification hearth as thermal cyclic carrier, be supply raw materials oven dry and the required heat of pyrolysis of first gasification hearth circulation; When the pyrolysis gas that first gasification hearth is generated during as thermal cyclic carrier, collection chamber (12) is set in refractorily lined (5), the air outlet in overheated chamber (4) is communicated to collection chamber (12), and collection chamber (12) passed through heat outlet (9) and is communicated with first gasification hearth; In the time will utilizing tail gas as thermal cyclic carrier, tail gas enters sub-air chamber (2) by input interface (13), distributed by sub-air chamber (2) to enter each overheated chamber (4) again, enter collection chamber (12) then, collection chamber (12) passed through hot gas path (46) and was communicated with first gasification hearth.
In the above-mentioned vapourizing furnace, the pyrolysis gas that generates when moving as the updraft type gasification mode or first gasification hearth is during as thermal cyclic carrier, on the furnace roof shifting coupling (45) at the first gasification hearth top, there is pyrolysis gas output interface (47) to pick out, there is pyrolysis gas input interface (50) to insert in the sub-air chamber (2) in the second gasification hearth top furnace lining, is connected with high-temperature blower (3) by airduct between pyrolysis gas output interface (47) and the pyrolysis gas input interface (50).
In the above-mentioned vapourizing furnace, in the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, have vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), wind hole (32) point to the axle center of oxidation zones (V).
In the above-mentioned vapourizing furnace, the installing port of plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) is arranged on the arch wall of burnt zone (II); The installing port that plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) is arranged on drop-bottom (24); The installing port that vaporized chemical spray gun/pusher wind spray gun (29) is arranged on the furnace wall of reduction zone (IV) side; Opening for feed (38) on the first gasification hearth top is equipped with feeding screw (39), and hopper (43) is arranged on the feeding screw (39).
Above-mentioned vapourizing furnace is a fixed-bed gasification furnace, first gasification hearth wherein can be pressed updraft type, downdraft respectively and be inhaled the operation of wheel revolving die formula up and down, the advantage that has updraft type and downdraft vapourizing furnace simultaneously, both can make the raw material of newly going into stove quicken oven dry and pyrolysis, the tar that produces in the time of making pyrolysis again carries out cracking in the charcoal layer, thereby improves the efficient of vapourizing furnace and the quality of synthetic gas.During gasifier operation: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed is dried in first gasification hearth, pyrolysis and half is gasified, in second gasification hearth, finish the gasification and burn, lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening (18); Produce gas (vapour) attitude thing in first gasification hearth, be respectively and solid feed antikinesis or operation in the same way by updraft type or downdraft operational mode, when vapourizing furnace is operated in the updraft type pattern, gas (vapour) attitude thing and solids antikinesis, up Yun Hang gaseous state thing is as heating agent, the heat that generates in the high temperature oxidation district is brought into pyrolysis zone and baking zone, provides the heat absorption of solid feed pyrolysis and oven dry required; Then, the pyrolysis gas mixture is heated by hot chamber (4), enters the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth by crossing heat outlet (9), further gasify, pyrolysis fuel oil, generating with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the synthetic gas of main component, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously; When vapourizing furnace is operated in the downdraft pattern, gas (vapour) attitude thing and solids are moved in the same way, tar in gas (vapour) the attitude thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), mix the plasma gasification district (III) that through the reduction zone (IV) enters into second gasification hearth then with carbon residue, further gasify, generation is the synthetic gas of main component with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously.In the said process: the steam state thing that generates at baking zone (VII) is mainly water vapor, the gaseous state thing that generates in pyrolysis zone (VI) mainly contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas, methane, low molecular hydrocarbon, tar and coal smoke, the water vapor, tar and the coal smoke that generate will move to plasma gasification district (III) and carry out water-gas reaction, generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen; Oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are operated in the anaerobic environment, principal reaction is oxidizing reaction and reduction reaction, when air or oxygen is sent into oxidation zone (V) as vaporized chemical, oxygen and rubbish charcoal carry out oxidizing reaction, generate carbonic acid gas and emit heat, carbonic acid gas is met the rubbish charcoal and is carried out reduction reaction again, generates carbon monoxide and absorbs heat; Plasma gasification district (III) is operated in the oxygen-free environment, water vapour is heated to plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) sprays into gasification zone (III) more than 3100 ℃, reacts with the rubbish charcoal, generates carbon monoxide and hydrogen; The plasma torch of burnt zone (II)/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) use hydrogen or carbonic acid gas or water vapor or oxygen or air are made vaporized chemical, and carbon residue is burnt, and generate methane or carbon monoxide and hydrogen simultaneously.The high-temperature synthesis gas that generates in the vapourizing furnace, (I) continues to finish gasification in the stagnant area, to eliminate tar and carbon particle (coal smoke), simultaneously waste heat passed to overheated chamber (4) in the refractorily lined (5); The synthetic gas that generates in the vapourizing furnace is drawn vapourizing furnace by outlet (1), after synthetic gas passes through back level dedusting, purifying treatment, and as the town gas utilization, or as the unstripped gas utilization of producing hydrogen, methyl alcohol, dme.
Another kind of the present utility model is the rubbish biomass feedstock conversion vapourizing furnace of synthetic gas, it is the vapourizing furnace that a kind of fixed bed and fluidized-bed combine, it is characterized in that vapourizing furnace is a double-gasifying stove thorax structure, constitute by first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, first gasification hearth is the fixed bed gasification pattern, second gasification hearth is the fluidized-bed gasification pattern, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set in first gasification hearth, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are coaxial setting up and down, baking zone (VII) is on top, below the baking zone (VII) pyrolysis zone (VI), being oxidation zone (V) below the pyrolysis zone (VI), is reduction zone (IV) below the oxidation zone (V); Plasma gasification district (III) and uptake zone (Ib) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is the emulsion zone of fluidized-bed, (I b) is the freeboard of fluidized bed of fluidized-bed in the uptake zone, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, and the top of plasma gasification district (III) is uptake zone (I b); The reduction zone of first gasification hearth (IV) directly communicates with the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), collection chamber (12), air compartment (19), air distribution plate (20), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), and wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth; Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4) and collection chamber (12) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, overheated chamber (4) is designed to the multi-cavity mode, be communicated with by overheated chamber (4) between sub-air chamber (2) and the collection chamber (12), sub-air chamber (2) is in the upper end of overheated chamber (4), and collection chamber (12) is in the lower end of overheated chamber (4); Air compartment (19) is in below, the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III), and air distribution plate (20) is arranged between plasma gasification district (III) and the air compartment (19), and blast cap (21) is arranged on the air distribution plate (20); Collection chamber (12) passed through hot gas path (15) and was connected to air compartment (19); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth; On the furnace wall of bottom, the uptake zone of second gasification hearth (Ib), there is calcium oxide spray gun (10) to insert; On the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), there is plasma torch (16) to insert; In the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, has vaporized chemical input interface (31) to insert in the annular air compartment (30) and wind hole (32) pick out, the axle center of wind hole (32) sensing oxidation zones (V).
The vapourizing furnace that above-mentioned fixed bed and fluidized-bed combine, first gasification hearth is wherein pressed downdraft fixed bed mode operation.During gasifier operation: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed is dried in first gasification hearth, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction, carbon residue is finished gasification and is burnt in second gasification hearth, ash content is discharged from ash overflow port (11); Produce gas (vapour) attitude thing in first gasification hearth, move in the same way with solids, tar in gas (vapour) the attitude thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), disintegrate Dioxins simultaneously, be mixed into reduction zone (IV) with carbon residue then, with pusher wind spray gun (29) carbon residue is sent into the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth, make carbon residue finish gasification under bubbling fluidization or turbulent flow fluidizing state, generating with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the synthetic gas of main component; Generate high-temperature synthesis gas in the vapourizing furnace, (I b) continues to finish gasification in the uptake zone; Calcium oxide is sent into uptake zone (I b) by spray gun (10),, be convenient to simplify follow-up cleansing operation in stove, to slough chlorine component and the sulphur component in the synthetic gas; High-temperature synthesis gas passes to overheated chamber (4) in the refractorily lined (5) to waste heat, is used for the indirect heating fluidized wind; Utilize tail gas as fluidized wind, tail gas is blasted sub-air chamber (2) by input interface (13), enter overheated chamber (4) by sub-air chamber (2) distribution, enter collection chamber (12) after being heated, enter air compartment (19) by passage (15) again, enter the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth bottom by the blast cap (21) on the air distribution plate (20), form fluidized wind; The synthetic gas that generates in the vapourizing furnace is drawn vapourizing furnace by outlet (1), after synthetic gas passes through back level dedusting, purifying treatment, and as the town gas utilization, or as the unstripped gas utilization of producing hydrogen, methyl alcohol, dme.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: adopting the double-gasifying stove thorax is rubbish, Wood Adhesives from Biomass synthetic gas, help improving the efficient of vapourizing furnace and the quality of synthetic gas, effectively eliminate tar simultaneously and disintegrate the violent in toxicity Dioxins, reduce the pollutent in the synthetic gas, help back level purifying treatment.The utility model is converted into clean energy to rubbish biomass, turns waste into wealth, and has not only eliminated the pollution of garbage waste material to people's living environment, and can alleviate the energy-intensive situation.
Description of drawings
The utility model provides following accompanying drawing to be described further, but each accompanying drawing and following embodiment all do not constitute restriction of the present utility model:
Fig. 1 is the fixed-bed gasification furnace structure iron of a kind of double-gasifying stove thorax of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the fixed-bed gasification furnace structure iron of another kind of double-gasifying stove thorax of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the fixed-bed gasification furnace structure iron of another double-gasifying stove thorax of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the fixed-bed gasification furnace structure iron of another double-gasifying stove thorax of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a kind of fixed bed of the present utility model and fluidized-bed bonded double-gasifying stove thorax gasification furnace structure figure.
Fig. 6 is the A of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4
1-A
1Sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is Fig. 1,2,3,4 C-C sectional view.
Fig. 9 is the A of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
2-A
2Sectional view.
Figure 10 is Fig. 3,4,5 D-D sectional view.
Figure 11 is the E of Fig. 3
1-E
1Sectional view.
Figure 12 is the E of Fig. 4
2-E
2Sectional view.
Figure 13 is the E of Fig. 5
3-E
3Sectional view.
Among the figure: 1. syngas outlet, 2. sub-air chamber, 3. high-temperature blower, 4. overheated chamber, 5. refractorily lined, 6. insulating, 7. shell, 8. temperature sensor is 9. crossed heat outlet, 10. calcium oxide spray gun, 11. ash overflow ports, 12. collection chambers, 13. the tail gas input interface, 14. cooling plates, 15. cross hot gas path, 16. plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun, 17. igniting/access doors, 18. slag notches, 19. air compartment, 20. air distribution plates, 21. blast caps, 22. visor, 23. temperature sensors, 24. drop-bottoms, 25. cooling plate, 26. plasma torchs/vaporized chemical spray gun, 27. plasma torchs/vaporized chemical spray gun, 28. the support side wall, 29. vaporized chemicals spray gun/pusher wind spray gun, 30. annular air compartment, 31. the vaporized chemical input interface, 32. wind holes, 33. visors, 34. temperature sensor, 35. refractorily lineds, 36. temperature sensors, 37. level sensing transducer, 38. opening for feed, 39. feeding screws, 40. temperature sensors, 41. segregaion valve, 42. keep off grey device, 43. hoppers, 44. explosion traps, 45. furnace roof shifting coupling, 46. pyrolysis gas passage/mistake hot gas path, 47. pyrolysis gas output interfaces, 48. blow-off valves, 49. bell, 50. pyrolysis gas input interface, 51. calcium oxide input interfaces, 52. hydrolock slag baths, I. stagnant area, Ib. uptake zone, II. burnt zone, III. plasma gasification district, IV. reduction zone, V. oxidation zone, VI. pyrolysis zone, VII. baking zone.
Embodiment
Embodiment shown in Figure 1 is a kind of fixed-bed gasification furnace of double-gasifying stove thorax, constitute by first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set in first gasification hearth, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) coaxial from top to bottom successively setting, oxidation zone (V) is a trunnion type structure; Plasma gasification district (III), stagnant area (I) and burnt zone (II) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, the top in plasma gasification district (III) is stagnant area (I), and burnt zone (II) is in a side downstream of plasma gasification district (III); The bottom of first gasification hearth directly communicates with the bottom of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), and wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth; Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Sub-air chamber (2) and overheated chamber (4) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, and overheated chamber (4) and sub-air chamber (2) are communicated with; Drop-bottom (24) is in the bottom of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, there is cooling plate (25) in the outside of drop-bottom (24), plasma gasification district (III) along second gasification hearth tilts to burnt zone (II) direction drop-bottom (24) from first gasification hearth, the angle of inclination is 25 °, and the end of burnt zone (II) is communicated with slag notch (18); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.In the present embodiment, between the top of first gasification hearth and sub-air chamber (2), pyrolysis gas passage (46) is arranged; In refractorily lined (5), the inlet mouth of overheated chamber (4) is communicated with in sub-air chamber (2) around layout in a plurality of overheated chambeies (4), and the air outlet of overheated chamber (4) is in the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III); In the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, there are vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), the axle center of oxidation zone (V) is pointed in wind hole (32), oxidation zone (V) is a trunnion type structure, helps forming high-temperature area; Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) is installed on the arch wall of burnt zone (II); Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) is installed on drop-bottom (24); Vaporized chemical spray gun/pusher wind spray gun (29) is installed on the furnace wall of reduction zone (IV) side; Opening for feed (38) on the first gasification hearth top is equipped with feeding screw (39), and segregaion valve (41) and hopper (43) are arranged on the feeding screw (39).Temperature sensor (8) also is installed on the furnace wall of stagnant area (I); Cooling plate (14) is installed on the furnace wall of burnt zone (II); Igniting/access door (17) is set on the furnace wall of slag notch (18); Visor (22) and temperature sensor (23) are installed on the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), visor (33) and temperature sensor (34) are installed on the furnace wall of oxidation zone (V), mounting temperature sensor on the furnace wall of pyrolysis zone (VI) (36), level sensing transducer (37) and temperature sensor (40) are installed on the furnace wall on baking zone (VII) top, explosion trap (44) is set on the furnace wall of the top of first gasification hearth, blow-off valve (48) is installed on bell (49).The refractorily lined (5) (35) of present embodiment (comprising following the 2nd, 3,4 and 5 embodiment) adopts luminite cement concrete placement, and insulating (6) adopts pure aluminium silicate insulation quilt material, and shell (7) adopts the Steel Sheel material or asbestos are fire-resistant wipes one's face.The vapourizing furnace of present embodiment (comprising the 2nd, 3,4 and 5 following embodiment) will carry out pre-burning earlier when putting into operation heat up burner hearth, rubbish or biomass material are sent in the gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), by lighting door (17) furnace operating of having lighted a fire, fire box temperature is raise gradually, and make plasma gasification district (III), reduction zone (IV) and oxidation zone (V) form the charcoal floor, change normal operation then over to.When the vapourizing furnace of present embodiment (comprising following the 2nd, 3 and 4 embodiment) normally moves, the service temperature of control baking zone (VII) is between 120～150 ℃, the service temperature of pyrolysis zone (VI) is between 300～600 ℃, the service temperature of oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) is between 1100～900 ℃, the service temperature in plasma gasification district (III) is between 1200 ± 50 ℃, the service temperature of burnt zone (II) is between 1300～1600 ℃, and the working pressure of baking zone (VII) is normal pressure or negative pressure 20～30Pa.During operation, service data obtains by visor and temperature sensor in the vapourizing furnace, and the control of working pressure and service temperature realizes by oxygen and ratio, combustion air or the oxygen air quantity of water vapor, the internal circulating load of circulation gaseous state thing and the amount of drawing of synthetic gas in adjusting input speed, the vaporized chemical in the vapourizing furnace.In the present embodiment: oxidation zone (V) uses air or oxygen to be vaporized chemical, air or oxygen is sent into annular air compartment (30) by input interface (31), enter oxidation zone (V) by the wind hole (32) in the annular air compartment (30) again, carry out oxidizing reaction with the rubbish biomass charcoal; Plasma gasification district (III) uses water vapor or hydrogen to be vaporized chemical, water vapor or hydrogen is heated to by plasma torch (26) (27) sprays into gasification zone (III) more than 3100 ℃, carries out gasification reaction with the rubbish biomass charcoal; Burnt zone (II) use hydrogen or water vapor or oxygen or air are made vaporized chemical, when making vaporized chemical with hydrogen or water vapor, burnt zone (II) is operated in the oxygen-free environment, and when making vaporized chemical with oxygen or air as vaporized chemical, burnt zone (II) is operated in the oxygen-enriched environment.In the gasifier operation process: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed moves from top to bottom according to own wt in first gasification hearth, dry successively, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction, finish carbon residue gasification and burn in second gasification hearth, lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening (18); Oxidation zone in first gasification hearth (V) is pressed the updraft type mode operation with gas (vapour) the attitude thing that the upper part generates, gas (vapour) attitude thing and solids antikinesis, up Yun Hang gaseous state thing is as heating agent, the heat that generates in the high temperature oxidation district is brought into pyrolysis zone and baking zone, provide the heat absorption of solid feed pyrolysis and oven dry required; Then, the pyrolysis gas mixture is heated by overheated chamber (4), enters the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth by crossing heat outlet (9), further gasify, pyrolysis fuel oil, generating with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the synthetic gas of main component, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously; The gaseous state thing that oxidation zone (V) and following position thereof generate, press the downdraft mode operation, gaseous state thing and solids are moved in the same way, tar in the gaseous state thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), mix with carbon residue then that (IV) enters the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth through the reduction zone, (III) finishes gasification in the gasification zone, and generating with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the synthetic gas of main component, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 2, vapourizing furnace is made of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, first gasification hearth is operated in the gasification mode of a kind of updraft type and the commentaries on classics of downdraft wheel, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), reduction zone (IV) and oxidation zone (V) are set, the coaxial successively setting of baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), reduction zone (IV) and oxidation zone (V) in first gasification hearth from top to bottom; Plasma gasification district (III), stagnant area (I) and burnt zone (II) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, the top in plasma gasification district (III) is stagnant area (I), and burnt zone (II) is in a side downstream of plasma gasification district (III); The bottom of first gasification hearth directly communicates with the bottom of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), pyrolysis gas output interface (47), syngas outlet (1), pyrolysis gas input interface (50), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth, and pyrolysis gas output interface (47) picks out from furnace roof shifting coupling (45); Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Pyrolysis gas input interface (50) inserts from sub-air chamber (2), sub-air chamber (2) and overheated chamber (4) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, a plurality of overheated chambeies (4) around layout in refractorily lined (5), the inlet mouth in overheated chamber (4) and sub-air chamber (2) are communicated with, and the air outlet (9) of overheated chamber (4) is in the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III); Drop-bottom (24) is in the bottom of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, there is cooling plate (25) in the outside of drop-bottom (24), plasma gasification district (III) along second gasification hearth tilts to burnt zone (II) direction drop-bottom (24) from first gasification hearth, the angle of inclination is 25 °, and the end of burnt zone (II) is communicated with slag notch (18); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.High-temperature blower (3) is set outside body of heater and connects airduct, high-temperature blower (3) is connected between pyrolysis gas output interface (47) and the pyrolysis gas input interface (50) by airduct, on the airduct that closes on pyrolysis gas input interface (50), there is calcium oxide input interface (51) to insert, is used for importing dechlorination/sweetening agent.In the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, there are vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), the axle center of oxidation zone (V) is pointed in wind hole (32), oxidation zone (V) is a trunnion type structure, helps forming high-temperature area; Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) is installed on the arch wall of burnt zone (II); Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) is installed on drop-bottom (24); Vaporized chemical spray gun/pusher wind spray gun (29) is installed on the furnace wall of reduction zone (IV) side; Opening for feed (38) on the first gasification hearth top is equipped with feeding screw (39), and segregaion valve (41) and hopper (43) are arranged on the feeding screw (39).Temperature sensor (8) also is installed on the furnace wall of stagnant area (I); Cooling plate (14) is installed on the furnace wall of burnt zone (II); Igniting/access door (17) is set on the furnace wall of slag notch (18); Visor (22) and temperature sensor (23) are installed on the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), visor (33) and temperature sensor (34) are installed on the furnace wall of oxidation zone (V), mounting temperature sensor on the furnace wall of pyrolysis zone (VI) (36), level sensing transducer (37) and temperature sensor (40) are installed on the furnace wall on baking zone (VII) top, explosion trap (44) is set on the furnace wall of the top of first gasification hearth, retaining grey device (42) is set in the ingress of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), blow-off valve (48) is installed on bell (49).In the gasifier operation process: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed moves from top to bottom according to own wt in first gasification hearth, dry successively, pyrolysis, reduction and oxidation, finish carbon residue gasification and burn in second gasification hearth, lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening (18); When first gasification hearth wheel changes in the updraft type gasification mode, oxidation zone (V) and gas (vapour) the attitude thing and the solids antikinesis that generate with the upper part, up Yun Hang gaseous state thing is as heating agent, the heat that generates in the high temperature oxidation district is brought into pyrolysis zone and baking zone, provide the heat absorption of solid feed pyrolysis and oven dry required; Then, the pyrolysis gas mixture is forced to send into heating in the overheated chamber (4) by external airduct and high-temperature blower (3), enter the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth by crossing heat outlet (9) again, further gasify, pyrolysis fuel oil, generation is the synthetic gas of main component with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously; When first gasification hearth wheel changes in the downdraft gasification mode, gas (vapour) attitude thing and solids that first gasification hearth generates are moved in the same way, tar in the gaseous state thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), mix with carbon residue then that (IV) enters the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth through the reduction zone, (III) finishes gasification in the gasification zone, generation is the synthetic gas of main component with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 3, vapourizing furnace is made of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, first gasification hearth is operated in a kind of downdraft gasification mode, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) coaxial successively setting in first gasification hearth from top to bottom; Plasma gasification district (III), stagnant area (I) and burnt zone (II) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, the top in plasma gasification district (III) is stagnant area (I), and burnt zone (II) is in a side downstream of plasma gasification district (III); The bottom of first gasification hearth directly communicates with the bottom of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), pyrolysis gas output interface (47), syngas outlet (1), pyrolysis gas input interface (50), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), collection chamber (12), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth, and pyrolysis gas output interface (47) picks out from furnace roof shifting coupling (45); Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Pyrolysis gas input interface (50) inserts from sub-air chamber (2), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4) and collection chamber (12) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, a plurality of overheated chambeies (4) around layout in refractorily lined (5), the inlet mouth in overheated chamber (4) and sub-air chamber (2) are communicated with, the air outlet in overheated chamber (4) is communicated with collection chamber (12), and the air outlet (9) of collection chamber (12) is in pyrolysis zone (VI) bottom of first gasification hearth; Drop-bottom (24) is in the bottom of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, there is cooling plate (25) in the outside of drop-bottom (24), plasma gasification district (III) along second gasification hearth tilts to burnt zone (II) direction drop-bottom (24) from first gasification hearth, the angle of inclination is 25 °, and the end of burnt zone (II) is communicated with slag notch (18); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.High-temperature blower (3) is set outside body of heater and connects airduct, high-temperature blower (3) is connected between pyrolysis gas output interface (47) and the pyrolysis gas input interface (50) by airduct, on the airduct that closes on pyrolysis gas input interface (50), there is calcium oxide input interface (51) to insert, is used for importing dechlorination/sweetening agent.In the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, there are vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), the axle center of oxidation zone (V) is pointed in wind hole (32), oxidation zone (V) is a trunnion type structure, helps forming high-temperature area; Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) is installed on the arch wall of burnt zone (II); Plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) is installed on drop-bottom (24); Vaporized chemical spray gun/pusher wind spray gun (29) is installed on the furnace wall of reduction zone (IV) side; Opening for feed (38) on the first gasification hearth top is equipped with feeding screw (39), and segregaion valve (41) and hopper (43) are arranged on the feeding screw (39).Temperature sensor (8) also is installed on the furnace wall of stagnant area (I); Cooling plate (14) is installed on the furnace wall of burnt zone (II); Igniting/access door (17) is set on the furnace wall of slag notch (18); Visor (22) and temperature sensor (23) are installed on the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), visor (33) and temperature sensor (34) are installed on the furnace wall of oxidation zone (V), mounting temperature sensor on the furnace wall of pyrolysis zone (VI) (36), level sensing transducer (37) and temperature sensor (40) are installed on the furnace wall on baking zone (VII) top, explosion trap (44) is set on the furnace wall of the top of first gasification hearth, retaining grey device (42) is set in the ingress of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), blow-off valve (48) is installed on bell (49).In the gasifier operation process: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed moves from top to bottom according to own wt in first gasification hearth, dry successively, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction, finish carbon residue gasification and burn in second gasification hearth, lime-ash is discharged from slag-drip opening (18); The first gasification hearth oxidation zone (V) and gas (vapour) the attitude thing that generates with the upper part thereof are as moving thermal medium, draw by pyrolysis gas output interface (47), being forced to send into overheated chamber (4) by external airduct and high-temperature blower (3) is heated, return first gasification hearth by crossing heat outlet (9) again, the waste heat of second gasification hearth is moved into first gasification hearth, and oven dry and the pyrolytic heat absorption of supplying raw materials is required; Simultaneously, gas (vapour) attitude thing and solids that first gasification hearth generates are moved in the same way, tar in the gaseous state thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), mix with carbon residue then that (IV) enters the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth through the reduction zone, (III) finishes gasification in the gasification zone, generation is the synthetic gas of main component with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, thoroughly disintegrates Dioxins simultaneously.
Among the embodiment shown in Figure 4, first gasification hearth is operated in a kind of downdraft gasification mode, with enforcement difference shown in Figure 3 be: the vapourizing furnace body mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), mistake hot gas path (46), collection chamber (12), overheated chamber (4), sub-air chamber (2), tail gas input interface (13), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), and wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth; Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Cross between the top and collection chamber (12) that hot gas path (46) is connected first gasification hearth; High-temperature blower (3) is not set outside body of heater and connects airduct.Present embodiment utilizes tail gas to move thermal barrier, tail gas enters sub-air chamber (2) by input interface (13), enter overheated chamber (4) then by indirect heating, enter the top of first gasification hearth by collection chamber (12) through passage (46) again, the waste heat of second gasification hearth is moved into first gasification hearth, offer raw material stoving and pyrolysis is required.
Embodiment shown in Figure 5, be a kind of fixed bed and fluidized-bed bonded double-gasifying stove thorax vapourizing furnace, vapourizing furnace is made of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, first gasification hearth is operated in a kind of downdraft fixed bed gasification pattern, second gasification hearth is the fluidized-bed gasification pattern, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, and second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set in first gasification hearth, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are coaxial setting up and down, baking zone (VII) is on top, below the baking zone (VII) pyrolysis zone (VI), being oxidation zone (V) below the pyrolysis zone (VI), is reduction zone (IV) below the oxidation zone (V); Plasma gasification district (III) and uptake zone (I b) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is the emulsion zone of fluidized-bed, (I b) is the freeboard of fluidized bed of fluidized-bed in the uptake zone, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, and the top of plasma gasification district (III) is uptake zone (I b); The reduction zone of first gasification hearth (IV) directly communicates with the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth.The vapourizing furnace body of present embodiment mainly is made up of furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), collection chamber (12), air compartment (19), air distribution plate (20), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7), and wherein: furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth; Opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth; Syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth; Sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4) and collection chamber (12) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, overheated chamber (4) is designed to the multi-cavity mode, be communicated with by overheated chamber (4) between sub-air chamber (2) and the collection chamber (12), sub-air chamber (2) is in the upper end of overheated chamber (4), and collection chamber (12) is in the lower end of overheated chamber (4); Air compartment (19) is in below, the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III), and air distribution plate (20) is arranged between plasma gasification district (III) and the air compartment (19), and blast cap (21) is arranged on the air distribution plate (20); Collection chamber (12) passed through hot gas path (15) and was connected to air compartment (19); Refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth; Refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth; On the uptake zone of second gasification hearth (I b) bottom furnace wall, there is calcium oxide spray gun (10) to insert; On the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), there is plasma torch (16) to insert; In the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) is set, there are vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), the axle center of oxidation zone (V) is pointed in wind hole (32), oxidation zone (V) is a trunnion type structure, helps forming high-temperature area.Temperature sensor (8) also is installed on the furnace wall of uptake zone (I b); Igniting/access door (17) is set on the furnace wall of bottom, plasma gasification district (III); Visor (22) and temperature sensor (23) are installed on the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), visor (33) and temperature sensor (34) are installed on the furnace wall of oxidation zone (V); Mounting temperature sensor on the furnace wall of pyrolysis zone (VI) (36); Level sensing transducer (37) and temperature sensor (40) are installed on the furnace wall on baking zone (VII) top; Explosion trap (44) is set on the furnace wall of the top of first gasification hearth; Blow-off valve (48) is installed on bell (49).The vapourizing furnace of present embodiment is when normal operation, the service temperature of control baking zone (VII) is between 120～150 ℃, the service temperature of pyrolysis zone (VI) is between 300～600 ℃, the service temperature of oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) is between 1100～800 ℃, service temperature in second gasification hearth is between 800～1050 ℃, and the working pressure of baking zone (2-VI) is normal pressure or negative pressure 20～30Pa.The operational scheme of vapourizing furnace is: rubbish or biomass material enter in first gasification hearth by feeding screw (39), solid feed is dried in first gasification hearth, pyrolysis, oxidation and reduction, carbon residue is finished gasification and is burnt in second gasification hearth, ash content is discharged from ash overflow port (11); Produce gas (vapour) attitude thing in first gasification hearth, move in the same way with solids, tar in gas (vapour) the attitude thing obtains cracking on the charcoal floor of high temperature oxidation district (V), disintegrate Dioxins simultaneously, mix with carbon residue then and enter reduction zone (IV), with pusher wind spray gun (29) carbon residue is sent into the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth, make carbon residue finish gasification under bubbling fluidization or turbulent flow fluidizing state, generating with carbon monoxide and hydrogen is the synthetic gas of main component; The high-temperature synthesis gas that generates in the vapourizing furnace, (I b) continues to finish gasification in the uptake zone, and high-temperature synthesis gas passes to overheated chamber (4) in the refractorily lined (5) to waste heat simultaneously, is used for the indirect heating fluidized wind; Calcium oxide is sent into uptake zone (I b) by spray gun (10), to slough chlorine component and sulphur component; Present embodiment utilizes tail gas to make fluidized wind, tail gas blasts sub-air chamber (2) by input interface (13), enter overheated chamber (4) by sub-air chamber (2) distribution, enter collection chamber (12) after being heated, enter air compartment (19) by passage (15) again, enter the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth bottom by the blast cap (21) on the air distribution plate (20), form fluidized wind.The synthetic gas that generates in the vapourizing furnace is drawn vapourizing furnace by outlet (1), after synthetic gas passes through back level dedusting, purifying treatment, and as the town gas utilization, or as the unstripped gas utilization of producing hydrogen, methyl alcohol, dme.
Claims (10)
1. waste and biomass gasifier, comprise the burner hearth setting, it is characterized in that vapourizing furnace is a double-gasifying stove thorax structure, constitute by first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and the coaxial setting in reduction zone (IV) in first gasification hearth; Plasma gasification district (III), stagnant area (I) and burnt zone (II) are set in second gasification hearth, plasma gasification district (III) is in the bottom, the top in plasma gasification district (III) is stagnant area (I), and burnt zone (II) is in a side downstream of plasma gasification district (III); The bottom of first gasification hearth directly communicates with the bottom of second gasification hearth;
Vapourizing furnace is by furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), drop-bottom (24), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) are formed, furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth, opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth, syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth, sub-air chamber (2) and overheated chamber (4) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, overheated chamber (4) and sub-air chamber (2) are communicated with, drop-bottom (24) is in the bottom of first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth, refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.
2. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that between the top of first gasification hearth and the sub-air chamber (2) pyrolysis gas passage (46) being arranged.
3. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that overheated chamber (4) is more than one, at least one.
4. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that collection chamber (12) is arranged in refractorily lined (5), overheated chamber (4) is communicated to collection chamber (12), and collection chamber (12) passed through heat outlet (9) or crossed hot gas path (46) to be communicated with first gasification hearth.
5. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the furnace roof shifting coupling (45) at the first gasification hearth top, having pyrolysis gas output interface (47) to pick out, there is pyrolysis gas input interface (50) to insert in the sub-air chamber (2) in the second gasification hearth top furnace lining, is connected with high-temperature blower (3) by airduct between pyrolysis gas output interface (47) and the pyrolysis gas input interface (50).
6. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) being set, have vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), wind hole (32) point to the axle center of oxidation zones (V).
7. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 1 is characterized in that plasma torch is arranged/installing port of vaporized chemical spray gun (16) on the arch wall of burnt zone (II); The installing port that plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (26) (27) is arranged on drop-bottom (24); The installing port that vaporized chemical spray gun/pusher wind spray gun (29) is arranged on the furnace wall of reduction zone (IV) side.
8. waste and biomass gasifier, it is characterized in that vapourizing furnace is a double-gasifying stove thorax structure, constitute by first gasification hearth and second gasification hearth, wherein: first gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (35) and is formed, second gasification hearth is gone along with sb. to guard him by refractorily lined (5) and is formed, and in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth overheated chamber (4) is set; Baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are set in first gasification hearth, baking zone (VII), pyrolysis zone (VI), oxidation zone (V) and reduction zone (IV) are coaxial setting up and down, baking zone (VII) is on top, below the baking zone (VII) pyrolysis zone (VI), being oxidation zone (V) below the pyrolysis zone (VI), is reduction zone (IV) below the oxidation zone (V); Plasma gasification district (III) and uptake zone (Ib) are set in second gasification hearth, and plasma gasification district (III) in the bottom, the top of plasma gasification district (III) is uptake zone (Ib); The reduction zone of first gasification hearth (IV) directly communicates with the plasma gasification district (III) of second gasification hearth;
Vapourizing furnace is by furnace roof shifting coupling (45), opening for feed (38), syngas outlet (1), sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4), collection chamber (12), air compartment (19), air distribution plate (20), refractorily lined (5) (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) are formed, furnace roof shifting coupling (45) is at the top of first gasification hearth, opening for feed (38) is on the top of first gasification hearth, syngas outlet (1) is at the top of second gasification hearth, sub-air chamber (2), overheated chamber (4) and collection chamber (12) coexist in the refractorily lined (5) of second gasification hearth, be communicated with by overheated chamber (4) between sub-air chamber (2) and the collection chamber (12), sub-air chamber (2) is in the upper end of overheated chamber (4), collection chamber (12) is in the lower end of overheated chamber (4), air compartment (19) is in below, the plasma gasification district of second gasification hearth (III), air distribution plate (20) is arranged between plasma gasification district (III) and the air compartment (19), collection chamber (12) passed through hot gas path (15) and was connected to air compartment (19), refractorily lined (35), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of first gasification hearth, refractorily lined (5), insulating (6) and shell (7) constitute the furnace wall of second gasification hearth.
9. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 8, it is characterized in that on the furnace wall of bottom, the uptake zone of second gasification hearth (Ib), having calcium oxide spray gun (10) to insert, on the furnace wall of plasma gasification district (III), have plasma torch/vaporized chemical spray gun (16) to insert.
10. a kind of waste and biomass gasifier according to claim 8, it is characterized in that in the refractorily lined at oxidation zone (V) position of first gasification hearth, annular air compartment (30) being set, have vaporized chemical input interface (31) access and wind hole (32) to pick out in the annular air compartment (30), wind hole (32) point to the axle center of oxidation zones (V).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201767114U CN201321439Y (en) | 2008-11-09 | 2008-11-09 | Garbage biomass gasification furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201767114U CN201321439Y (en) | 2008-11-09 | 2008-11-09 | Garbage biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN201321439Y true CN201321439Y (en) | 2009-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2008201767114U Expired - Lifetime CN201321439Y (en) | 2008-11-09 | 2008-11-09 | Garbage biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN (1) | CN201321439Y (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102041099A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 周开根 | Garbage biomass gasifier realizing gasification synergetically with plasma torch |
| CN102134513A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-07-27 | 周开根 | Device for producing hydrogen from water through pyrolysis by adopting plasma and coal gasification co-production of gas |
| CN101560401B (en) * | 2008-11-09 | 2012-12-26 | 周开根 | Waste and biomass gasifier |
| CN103194269A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-07-10 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | Plasma gasification furnace for disposing garbage biomass |
| CN103383108A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-11-06 | Gs普兰斯特有限公司 | Gasification melting furnace and treating method for combustible material using the same |
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| RU2777700C1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-08-09 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" (ФГАОУ ВО СФУ) | Two-stage gas generator |
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2008
- 2008-11-09 CN CNU2008201767114U patent/CN201321439Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| CN101560401B (en) * | 2008-11-09 | 2012-12-26 | 周开根 | Waste and biomass gasifier |
| CN102134513A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-07-27 | 周开根 | Device for producing hydrogen from water through pyrolysis by adopting plasma and coal gasification co-production of gas |
| CN102041099A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 周开根 | Garbage biomass gasifier realizing gasification synergetically with plasma torch |
| CN103194269A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-07-10 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | Plasma gasification furnace for disposing garbage biomass |
| CN102041099B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-08-28 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | Garbage biomass gasifier realizing gasification synergetically with plasma torch |
| CN103194269B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2014-01-29 | 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 | Plasma gasification furnace for disposing garbage biomass |
| CN103383108A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2013-11-06 | Gs普兰斯特有限公司 | Gasification melting furnace and treating method for combustible material using the same |
| CN110715299A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Plasma torch medical waste treatment system and application method thereof |
| CN112032722A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-12-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Horizontal intelligent plasma medical waste cracking measurement and control system based on Internet of things |
| RU2777700C1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-08-09 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" (ФГАОУ ВО СФУ) | Two-stage gas generator |
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