CN201317946Y - Excavating and loading combinational machine - Google Patents
Excavating and loading combinational machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201317946Y CN201317946Y CNU2008201595137U CN200820159513U CN201317946Y CN 201317946 Y CN201317946 Y CN 201317946Y CN U2008201595137 U CNU2008201595137 U CN U2008201595137U CN 200820159513 U CN200820159513 U CN 200820159513U CN 201317946 Y CN201317946 Y CN 201317946Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dipper
- arm
- downward moving
- swing arm
- loading
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an excavating and loading combinational machine, which comprises an operation platform and a robot arm mechanism; the robot arm mechanism comprises a lower movable arm, an upper movable arm, a dipper and a quick changer used for loading a scraper bucket or a loading bucket; the lower movable arm, the upper movable arm and the dipper are respectively driven by the hydraulic cylinders of each own; the dipper and the upper movable arm are respectively provided with dipper safety locking devices which are mutually matched; the dipper and the lower movable arm are also provided with the movable safety locking devices which are mutually matched; the excavating and loading combinational machine is also provided with a motion controller; the motion controller is connected with the hydraulic cylinders through a driver. The excavating and loading combinational machine is different from normal standard excavating and loading machines, is provided with the working mode of an excavator and the working mode of a shovel loader, and can realize the automatic conversion between the two working modes.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the electromechanical integration field, relates to a kind of excavation and loads unit mahine.
Background technology
Loader-digger is commonly called as " two is busy ".Because it has unique structure, front end is a loading attachment, and the rear end is an excavating gear.In the building site, you only need rotate seat, can finish the transformation from loader to excavator operator role.Loader-digger be mainly used in city and rural area highway construction and maintenance, cable laying, electric power and airport engineering, urban construction, construction of water conservancy works, rural housing construction, cut into a mountain and get the various construction engineerings that stone and various small building team are engaged in.It can join multiple equipment and accessory, excavates, shovels several work such as dress, pavement breaking, smooth place, excavation irrigation canals and ditches, tubing.
The related loader-digger of this paper is a kind of brand-new machinery, be different from common " two is busy ", its two kinds of equipments are not the two ends that lay respectively at car body, but be positioned at an end of car body, the switching of two kinds of equipments is that the distortion (fold or open) by control structure realizes that promptly this machine has two kinds of mode of operations: excavator mode of operation, loader mode of operation.Under the normal condition, this machine is a common hydraulic crawler excavator, and according to the construction needs, when the needs load function, control system can be operated excavating gear and be folded, and distortion becomes a loader.Therefore, it can finish all functions of common " two is busy ".But because its loader function is to be out of shape on the basis of chassis of dredging machine, so, compare with common " two is busy ", its function is more flexible and powerful: one need not swiveling seat, can realize two kinds of functions, two under the loader pattern, has the function that revolution is loaded, and the visual field during three excavations is more broad; Four under the loader pattern, has the function that deflection is loaded.
Along with the variation of this machine function, its operation is also comparatively complicated, and the operator must train just for a long time can finish high-quality operation, has higher operating efficiency.Therefore improve the electromechanical integration degree of this loader-digger, and then the local automation that realizes loader-digger, be to address the above problem optimal scheme.
The utility model content
It is at the shortcoming that has loader and excavator now that the utility model is wanted the technical solution problem, has proposed to excavate and has loaded unit mahine, can realize the automatic switchover of loader and two kinds of mode of operations of excavator.
The utility model is to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted to be:
Unit mahine is loaded in a kind of excavation, it is characterized in that, comprises operating platform and mechanical arm mechanism; Described operating platform is connected with mechanical arm mechanism;
Described mechanical arm mechanism comprises downward moving arm, goes up swing arm, dipper and is used for loader bucket or the fast replacing device of loading hopper; Described downward moving arm, last swing arm, dipper are connected successively with fast replacing device; Described downward moving arm is connected with operating platform; Operating platform comprises wheel pedrail mechanism and the drive unit and the operating room that is positioned on the wheel pedrail mechanism that is positioned at organism bottom;
Described downward moving arm, go up swing arm and dipper by separately Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder;
Described dipper respectively is provided with the dipper safety locking device that cooperatively interacts near an end and a described end of going up the close downward moving arm of swing arm of fast replacing device, dipper safety locking device mainly comprises: the bearing pin (13) that 1) is positioned at close fast replacing device one end on the dipper, bearing pin (13) is that consolidation style is connected with dipper, and any relative displacement can not take place; 2) be positioned at the locking device (12) of swing arm near downward moving arm, this locking device (12) is used with bearing pin (13), the locking device of downward moving arm (12) has designed precalculated position (19), when bearing pin (13) moves to precalculated position (19) by the direction of setting, the bearing pin (20) (seeing among Fig. 8) of the locking device of downward moving arm (12) stretches out, locking bearing pin (13), thus pin dipper, dipper and last swing arm can not be relatively moved.
Described downward moving arm is provided with the arm safety locking device near an end of console; This arm safety locking device cooperatively interacts with the bearing pin (16) that is connected of dipper with the described swing arm of going up; (its position in complete machine can referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2); This safe locking device mainly comprises: the connecting link pin (16) of 1) going up swing arm and dipper, the end of this bearing pin has counter sink, 2) downward moving arm is near the safe locking device (15) of console, this safe locking device (15) is used with connecting link pin 16, the safe locking device of swing arm on the formation, when connecting link pin (16) moves to precalculated position 18 (this position can with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) according to the direction of motion of setting, 17 actions of locking bearing pin, extend in the counter sink of connecting link pin 16 swing arm in the pinning.
Described excavation is loaded on the unit mahine and also is provided with motion controller; Described motion controller is connected with described hydraulic cylinder by drive unit.Each hydraulic cylinder all has corresponding multidigit reversal valve control, and each multidigit reversal valve all has corresponding pilot valve control, pilot valve is an electro-hydraulic proportional valve, each electro-hydraulic proportional valve is all by the corresponding delivery outlet control of controller, therefore, motion controller is by its delivery outlet output corresponding digital amount control pilot valve, speed and power that different digital quantities is corresponding different, thereby the action of control multidigit reversal valve, the final control that realizes each hydraulic cylinder action.
Unit mahine is loaded in described excavation, also comprise the last boom angle sensor that is arranged on the swing arm, be arranged on downward moving arm obliquity sensor on the downward moving arm, be arranged on dipper obliquity sensor on the dipper, be arranged on the scraper bowl obliquity sensor on the scraper bowl, the described input of going up the described motion controller of output termination of boom angle sensor, downward moving arm obliquity sensor, dipper obliquity sensor and scraper bowl obliquity sensor.
This excavates the control method of loading unit mahine, may further comprise the steps:
1) utilize the online planning function of motion controller, determine the target trajectory of loader-digger, obtain the motion sequence of equipment, described equipment is last swing arm, downward moving arm, dipper and scraper bowl or loading hopper;
2) starting point in the sequence is carried out the parameter setting and obtain PWM (pulsewidth modulation) signal controlling guide electro-hydraulic proportional valve,, drive each hydraulic cylinder action of equipment again by guide's electro-hydraulic proportional valve control main valve;
3) boom angle sensor, downward moving arm obliquity sensor, dipper obliquity sensor and scraper bowl obliquity sensor obtain the posture information of described equipment in the utilization, and by bus transfer to motion controller, after motion controller obtains the new posture information of equipment, compare with the equipment pose of predetermined sequence point, and by automatic controller real time altering controlling parameter, through the controlled quentity controlled variable that PWM output is revised in real time, the action of control equipment;
4) repeating step 3), each sequence of points is controlled, up to the auto-folder of realizing desired trajectory fully with open folder function automatically, promptly be transformed into the loader pattern automatically, or convert the excavator pattern to by automatic opening function from the loader pattern from the excavator pattern.
Described automatic controller adopts the combination of self-adaptive PID algorithm, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control algorithm, fuzzy algorithmic approach or above various algorithms.The Adaptive PID Control algorithm that this patent adopted is specially expert's Adaptive PID Control algorithm, and it mainly is made of Model Reference Adaptive Control System and adjustable system, and wherein Model Reference Adaptive Control System is made up of model controller and references object.Adjustable system is made up of digital PID controller and practical object; Can automatically identification controlled process parameter, adapt to the variation of controlled process parameter, have again conventional PID controller simple in structure, robustness good.
The beneficial effects of the utility model have:
1) swing arm, downward moving arm, dipper, scraper bowl are provided with obliquity sensor respectively on loader-digger, but the operating attitude of real-time monitored loader-digger, the position and the attitude information of loader-digger equipment are provided, and the handled easily person compares accurate operation, raises labour productivity.
2) motion controller is connected with monitoring system, and monitoring system can monitor, show and report to the police system's major parameter, makes the operator in time grasp the duty of loader-digger.The display that is connected with motion controller is the numerical value of display device each port of when work in real time, so that when machine breaks down, finds abort situation quickly and easily and keep in repair.
3) adopt the mode of operation selector switch, adopt intelligent position PID to control, can realize the automatic switchover that mining mode arrives the excavator pattern to loader pattern, loader pattern according to the pose real time altering pid algorithm of equipment, effectively reduce Operating Complexity, improve operating efficiency.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the mounting structure figure of sensor in the utility model and the excavator mode of operation structural representation of this type;
Fig. 3-Fig. 7 is converted to the whole process schematic diagram of loader pattern from the excavator pattern for complete machine;
Fig. 8 is the loader mode of operation of this type in the utility model;
Fig. 9 is a monitoring system structured flowchart of the present utility model;
Figure 10 is the utility model mode of operation automatic switchover system flow chart.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, this type is in the excavator pattern, this moment, the equipment downward moving arm 1 of loader-digger was provided with obliquity sensor 2, last swing arm 3 is provided with obliquity sensor 4, dipper 5 is provided with obliquity sensor 6, the obliquity sensor 8 that scraper bowl 7 is provided with, downward moving arm 1, last swing arm 3, dipper 5, scraper bowl 7 are driven by the swing arm hydraulic cylinder 9 of correspondence, last swing arm hydraulic cylinder 10, dipper hydraulic cylinder 11, scraper bowl hydraulic cylinder 14 respectively.Compare with conventional excavator as can be seen, when machine was in the excavator pattern in the utility model, its working arm had four degree of freedom, and was different from the three degree of freedom of standard excavator.
Referring to Fig. 8, this type is in the loader mode of operation, compared to Figure 1, be to be come by the excavator working arm mechanism process folded deformation of Fig. 1, its operating principle is sketched as Fig. 3 to process (for describing clearly, only providing equipment figure) shown in Figure 7, at first, handle fast replacing device 21, lay down bucket 7, begin to fold; Dipper hydraulic cylinder 11 among Fig. 1 stretches out, and dipper 5 is the direction motion of swing arm 3 upwards, and its direction of motion is shown in Fig. 3 arrow; Dipper 5 folds (as shown in Figure 4) with last swing arm 3, and wherein dipper safe locking device bearing pin 13 moves to the precalculated position 19 of dipper locking device 12, as shown in Figure 4; Secondly, last swing arm hydraulic cylinder 10 withdrawals, dipper 5 is folding to downward moving arm 1 with last swing arm 3, and its direction of motion is shown in arrow among Fig. 4, wherein the bearing pin 16 of arm safety locking device moves to the precalculated position 18 of swing arm locking device 15, and the state after putting in place as shown in Figure 5.At this moment, the bearing pin 20 of dipper locking device 12 stretches out (its state that stretches out front and back can be found out by comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 8), locking bearing pin 13, thus pin dipper, dipper and last swing arm can not be relatively moved; The bearing pin 17 of swing arm locking device moves in the counter sink of bearing pin 16, and swing arm in the pinning makes between swing arm and the downward moving arm and can not relatively move.Dipper safe locking device 12 pins the back state and sees Fig. 8, the arm safety locking device pins the back state and sees that (Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5 to Fig. 6, the relative position of bearing pin 17 and bearing pin 16 is seen amplifier section) in amplifier section, its particular location is seen complete machine Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 among the figure.Swing arm 3, dipper 5 all no longer include action on this moment, fold with the downward moving arm 1 of former excavator pattern, can not relatively move between the three, as Fig. 5, shown in 6, whole swing arm as device machine pattern, its hydraulic cylinder 9 still is the driving mechanism of swing arm in the loading pattern, drives integral body and moves along direction shown in the arrow, move to position as shown in Figure 7, by operating fast replacing device 21 once more, the scraper bowl 7 of excavator is replaced with loading hopper, its driving mechanism remains unchanged.So far, the finish the work transformation of pattern.And converting mining mode to from loading pattern, its course of work is the inverse process of above action just.
Referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is a monitoring system composition frame chart of the present utility model.Monitoring system of the present utility model comprises monitoring processor, memory, house dog, shows screen, phonetic alarm, photoelectric isolating circuit, high speed optoelectronic buffer circuit, counter, wave filter, telecommunication circuit, motion controller, go up boom angle sensor, downward moving arm obliquity sensor, dipper obliquity sensor, scraper bowl obliquity sensor, monitoring processor respectively with memory, house dog, show screen, phonetic alarm, counter, wave filter, telecommunication circuit and link to each other.Photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with wave filter, the positional information of last boom angle sensor, downward moving arm obliquity sensor, dipper obliquity sensor, scraper bowl obliquity sensor is delivered to motion controller through bus transfer, deliver to monitoring processor through telecommunication circuit again, send display screen to show after treatment.Various switching signals are delivered to monitoring processor and are handled behind photoelectric isolating circuit, wave filter.
Pressure, temperature, the liquid level numerical value of each node also can be realized automatic control to a certain extent during the utility model display device work in real time.Monitoring, demonstration and warning have been realized to system's major parameter, comprise: fuel liquid level, engine oil pressure, water temperature, oil temperature, battery voltage is low, engine water temperature is too high, fuel oil is low excessively, cleaner stops up, empty filter is unusual, the oily temperature of hydraulic oil is too high, engine oil pressure is low excessively, the oily temperature of machine oil is too high, water level is crossed low etc.Simultaneously, the fault diagnosis functions of monitoring processor are the numerical value of display device each port of when work in real time, so that when machine breaks down, finds abort situation quickly and easily and keep in repair.
Referring to Figure 10, Figure 10 is a mode of operation automatic switchover system flow chart in the utility model.The equipment of mining mode is handled as the multiple degrees of freedom mechanical hand, utilization is installed in the obliquity sensor 2 on the equipment swing arm 1, last swing arm 3 is provided with obliquity sensor 4, dipper 5 is provided with obliquity sensor 6, the obliquity sensor 8 that scraper bowl 7 is provided with is determined the pose of equipment, the signal of four obliquity sensors arrives airborne motion controller by bus transfer, utilize the online planning function of motion controller, after determining target trajectory, according to kinematics and kinetics planning acquisition equipment is swing arm 1, last swing arm 3, the motion sequence of dipper 5, a point in the sequence is carried out the parameter setting and obtains pwm signal control guide electro-hydraulic proportional valve, again by guide's electro-hydraulic proportional valve control main valve, drive each hydraulic cylinder action, and the error that detects motion process in real time forms feedback, because machine works device inertia is big, hydraulic system is non-linear strong, the control model parameter is uncertain, according to the pose of equipment and adopt self-adaptive PID algorithm real time altering controlling parameter, the controlled quentity controlled variable of being revised in real time through PWM output.The action of equipment can cause that the value of three obliquity sensors changes and transmits by bus in real time, form feedback in real time, so circulation, each sequence of points is as above controlled, finish folding process (switching to the loader pattern), expansion process (switching to the excavator pattern) respectively, only need just can realize the automatic switchover of mode of operation by a button from the loader pattern from the excavator pattern.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is excavated the loading unit mahine, it is characterized in that, comprises operating platform and mechanical arm mechanism; Described operating platform is connected with mechanical arm mechanism;
Described mechanical arm mechanism comprises downward moving arm, goes up swing arm, dipper and is used for loader bucket or the fast replacing device of loading hopper; Described downward moving arm, last swing arm, dipper are connected successively with fast replacing device; Described downward moving arm is connected with operating platform;
Described downward moving arm, go up swing arm and dipper by separately Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder;
Described dipper respectively is provided with the dipper safety locking device that cooperatively interacts near an end and a described end of going up the close downward moving arm of swing arm of fast replacing device;
Described downward moving arm is provided with the arm safety locking device near an end of console; This arm safety locking device cooperatively interacts with the bearing pin that is connected of dipper with the described swing arm of going up;
Described excavation is loaded on the unit mahine and also is provided with motion controller; Described motion controller is connected with described hydraulic cylinder by drive unit.
2. unit mahine is loaded in excavation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the downward moving arm obliquity sensor that is arranged on the downward moving arm, be arranged on last boom angle sensor on the swing arm, be arranged on dipper obliquity sensor on the dipper, be arranged on the scraper bowl obliquity sensor on the scraper bowl, described downward moving arm obliquity sensor, go up the input of the described motion controller of output termination of boom angle sensor, dipper obliquity sensor and scraper bowl obliquity sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201595137U CN201317946Y (en) | 2008-11-29 | 2008-11-29 | Excavating and loading combinational machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201595137U CN201317946Y (en) | 2008-11-29 | 2008-11-29 | Excavating and loading combinational machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201317946Y true CN201317946Y (en) | 2009-09-30 |
Family
ID=41196712
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201595137U Expired - Lifetime CN201317946Y (en) | 2008-11-29 | 2008-11-29 | Excavating and loading combinational machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201317946Y (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101413279B (en) * | 2008-11-29 | 2011-06-08 | 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 | Electromechanical integrated digging loader and control method thereof |
| ITBO20100182A1 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-24 | Ferri Srl | ARTICULATED ARM WITH CONTROL AND SAFETY DEVICE |
| CN102561445A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | System and method for judging working posture of excavator, and excavator |
| CN106759574A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 林东星 | A kind of multifunctional excavator with folding arm |
| CN109656251A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of crusing robot and working method for Mine Abandoned Land Soil K+adsorption |
-
2008
- 2008-11-29 CN CNU2008201595137U patent/CN201317946Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101413279B (en) * | 2008-11-29 | 2011-06-08 | 湖南山河智能机械股份有限公司 | Electromechanical integrated digging loader and control method thereof |
| ITBO20100182A1 (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-24 | Ferri Srl | ARTICULATED ARM WITH CONTROL AND SAFETY DEVICE |
| CN102561445A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-11 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | System and method for judging working posture of excavator, and excavator |
| CN102561445B (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2014-05-21 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | System and method for judging working posture of excavator, and excavator |
| CN106759574A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 林东星 | A kind of multifunctional excavator with folding arm |
| CN109656251A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of crusing robot and working method for Mine Abandoned Land Soil K+adsorption |
| CN109656251B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-03-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Inspection robot for detecting soil in abandoned land of mining area and working method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101413279B (en) | Electromechanical integrated digging loader and control method thereof | |
| KR101580933B1 (en) | Shovel and control method of shovel | |
| CN104105888B (en) | Engineering machinery | |
| CN102971542B (en) | The power regeneration device of Work machine | |
| CN201317946Y (en) | Excavating and loading combinational machine | |
| CN103392044B (en) | Possesses the engineering machinery of operation auxiliary equipment | |
| CN100557150C (en) | Electromechanical integrated excavator and control method | |
| KR102602384B1 (en) | shovel | |
| CN102140807A (en) | Method for improving excavating control characteristic and leveling operation characteristic of excavator | |
| JPWO2013035815A1 (en) | Excavator and control method of excavator | |
| CN103857844A (en) | System for controlling land leveling work which uses an excavator | |
| CN101070707B (en) | Digger revolving-control method and system | |
| CN103132550A (en) | Discrete limited variable-speed input multiple-freedom-degree controllable mechanism type excavator | |
| CN101855435A (en) | Be used to comprise the electric hydaulic loop of excavator boom rotary motive power management and the technology of system | |
| CN109296019A (en) | Digger arm motion control method, system and device | |
| JPWO2019049701A1 (en) | Excavator | |
| CN102061714B (en) | Control method for descending movable arm of excavator | |
| CN113228139A (en) | Construction machine with learning function | |
| CN110144985B (en) | Excavator working device control system | |
| CN104968863A (en) | Construction equipment | |
| US9051944B2 (en) | Hydraulic system and control logic for collection and recovery of energy in a double actuator arrangement | |
| CN201193334Y (en) | Three-pump confluence control device for dredger | |
| CN109235530A (en) | Hydraulic system and excavator for excavator | |
| CN2900632Y (en) | Electromechanical integrated digging machine | |
| CN105544642A (en) | Remote control system and method for small excavator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20090930 Effective date of abandoning: 20081129 |