CN201314341Y - Separation retaining mechanism of axial automatic-control clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a separation retaining mechanism which is applicable to all spring-compressing axial automatic-control clutches. The separation retaining mechanism comprises a blocking ring, an auxiliary blocking ring and an auxiliary spacing ring, wherein an axial blocking embedding mechanism consists of the blocking ring and the auxiliary blocking ring so as to remain the separating state of the served working engaging mechanism; a spacing embedding mechanism consists of the blocking ring and the auxiliary spacing ring so as to remain the stability of the blocking relation of the blocking embedding mechanism. The separation retaining mechanism is characterized in that: the spacing embedding mechanism and the blocking embedding mechanism are integrated rigidly or are circumferentially fixed; the blocking embedding mechanism is located inside the working engaging mechanism in the axial direction and is located inside or outside the working engaging mechanism in the radial direction; the rise angle of the separation retaining mechanism, which forms blocking working surfaces of the blocking embedding mechanism and the spacing embedding mechanism, is enough to guarantee the frictional self-lock when the blocking embedding mechanism and the spacing embedding mechanism are conflicted with each other and guarantee the stability of the blocking work condition; thereby, the separation retaining mechanism has the capacities of self adapting of separation wheelbase change and automatically compensating abrasion so as to remain the slipping mode that in the blocking work condition, all components have no impact for long time and guarantee that the separation blocking and embedding recovering processes of the separation retaining mechanism are absolutely reliable.

Description

The separating retention mechanism of axial auto-controlled clutch

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of axial auto-controlled clutch in the mechanical transmission fields, and other transmission device such as safety coupling and tooth embedding no-spin lockup that comprises this kind auto-controlled clutch, be used to keep the retaining mechanism of its separated state after particularly a kind of elasticity pressing formed type auto-controlled clutch axial separation.

Background technique

The axle spring pressing formed type auto-controlled clutch of prior art, except the jaw self-locking differential mechanism, castellated free wheel device and safety clutch, and the state that spring steel ball formula safety clutch does not all possess after the axial separation keeps function.After the driving and driven joint element axial separation, the two relatively rotate the excessive wear that can bring impact, collision, noise and end face tooth, to the bigger castellated safety clutch of axial elasticity engaging force in addition can be seriously to the degree of the end face tooth that fractures.Therefore, no matter be theoretical circles or engineering circle, long-term general viewpoint is in the transmission field, axle spring pressing formed type auto-controlled clutch is not suitable for that to separate the driving and driven joint element relative rotation speed in back axle big or that load inertia is bigger be the transmission position.Such as, the working speed of tooth embedding safety clutch generally is no more than 315 rev/mins, and load is not more than 400Nm, and to spring steel ball formula safety clutch, 1, on the load level of 000Nm, its high workload rotating speed generally is no more than 400 rev/mins.Related data is published in August, 2004 referring to China Machine Press, and the related content of new edition " mechanical design handbook " the 3rd volume of writing by mechanical design handbook editorial board (p22-235～p22-240).So their application has been subjected to very big restriction, but cause its transmitting torque huge, simple in structure and engage after do not trackslip and give birth to advantage such as heat and be difficult to obtain due utilization.Although have the technology of the separating retention mechanism in the jaw self-locking differential mechanism, but since this mechanism special by its distribution form that initiatively encircles, too harsh requirement to pressing spring rate, spring length, assembling proposition, and be subjected to can not Regulation spring pressure, can not compensate for wear etc. the influence of restriction factor, this technology does not all expand in other relevant clutch so far.

The model utility content

The purpose of this utility model, just provide a kind of simple in structure, reliable operation and be not subjected to pressing spring parameter stability influence, adapt to different axial engagement power, separated state retaining mechanism that assembling simply can be used for all axle spring pressing formed type auto-controlled clutchs, promptly stop chimeric mechanism, to eliminate the harmful impact after such clutch separation, eliminate or the basic collision phenomenon of eliminating wherein.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the separating retention mechanism of a kind of axial auto-controlled clutch of the present utility model comprises axial engagement formula work engaging mechanism, and it has first joint element, second joint element, spring and spring support around same rotational; When above-mentioned two joint elements rotated synchronously, axial distance reached minimum therebetween, and is in the stable engagement state, and when the asynchronous rotation of above-mentioned two joint elements, axial distance can reach maximum therebetween, and was in separated state; In addition: comprise that also axial inserted type stops chimeric mechanism, to stop work engaging mechanism axial engagement in separated state, it has around the catch ring of described rotational and attached catch ring, all is formed with the blocking teeth that possesses axial barrier functionality on these two rings; And attached catch ring and its owner's annular become one, and the described minimum barrier height that stops chimeric mechanism is greater than the initial transport disengaging height of work engaging mechanism on two sense of rotation, less than the full-depth tooth depth of engagement of work engaging mechanism; Also comprise the spacing chimeric mechanism of axial inserted type, the circumferential position with the attached relatively catch ring of restriction catch ring in stopping operating mode is maintained the blocked state constitutes that stops chimeric mechanism, and it has catch ring and attached limited ring; Described attached limited ring and its owner's annular become one, and attached limited ring and attached catch ring are circumferentially fixing; The described axial separation distance that stops chimeric mechanism is during greater than minimum barrier height, and the circumferential degrees of freedom of spacing chimeric mechanism is greater than the inlet nargin that stops chimeric mechanism.

Above-mentionedly stop that chimeric mechanism is located axially within the work engaging mechanism, its catch ring is subjected to the unidirectional support of reference rings datum end face, the slip end face of this ring and this datum end face formation circumferentially are free to slide friction pair, owner's ring of its attached catch ring is that the work engaging mechanism engages the arbitrary side's joint element among the both sides, and described reference rings then is to encircle relative side's joint element with the owner of described attached catch ring.

In addition, the separating retention mechanism of a kind of twin axial auto-controlled clutch of the present utility model, comprise that two have identical stable operation situation and around the axial inserted type work engaging mechanism of same rotational, this stable operation situation is jointing state or the separated state in the non-transition state, it has around two jointing end faces of above-mentioned rotational towards reciprocal and circumferential relatively-stationary first joint element, two all with the second circumferentially fixing joint element of same rotor, these two elements are each and one first joint element axial engagement respectively; Also have at least one and act on respectively on two second joint elements, think that two work engaging mechanisms provide the spring of axial engagement power, and at least one spring support, with direct or indirect axial restraint and the support of final formation to described spring; When first joint element and second joint element rotate synchronously, two work engaging mechanisms all are in jointing state, it is minimum that joint both sides' separately axial spacing reaches, when first joint element and the asynchronous rotation of second joint element, two work engaging mechanisms all are in separated state, and it is maximum that joint both sides' separately axial spacing can reach; In addition, comprise that also two axial inserted types stop chimeric mechanism, to stop two work engaging mechanism axial engagement in separated state, it respectively has a catch ring and an attached catch ring, all is formed with the blocking teeth that possesses axial barrier functionality on these four rings; Described two attached catch rings and owner's annular separately become one, described two minimum barrier height that stop chimeric mechanism, greater than as the initial transport disengaging height of work engaging mechanism on two sense of rotation that stops object separately, stop the chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth of the work engaging mechanism of object respectively separately less than conduct respectively; Also comprise the spacing chimeric mechanism of at least one axial inserted type, the circumferential position with the attached relatively catch ring of restriction catch ring in stopping operating mode is maintained the blocked state constitutes that stops chimeric mechanism, and it has catch ring and at least one attached limited ring; Attached limited ring and its owner's annular become one, and attached limited ring is circumferentially fixing with the attached catch ring as the chimeric object of described catch ring; The described axial separation distance that stops chimeric mechanism is during greater than minimum barrier height, and the circumferential degrees of freedom of spacing chimeric mechanism is greater than the inlet nargin that stops chimeric mechanism.

Above-mentioned two catch rings form as one on can be axially, and blocking teeth separately is respectively formed on the same annular matrix towards reciprocal mode with tooth top, and the owner of described two attached catch rings ring is respectively in two described second joint elements.

Perhaps, the blocking teeth of two catch rings with tooth top on the mode that deviates from mutually is respectively formed at separately independently annular matrix; Circumferential relative position between two catch rings then is subjected to the constraint of circumferential linking mechanism, and this mechanism is an axial chimeric mechanism that is in chimeric status all the time between this two ring; Owner's ring of described two attached catch rings is respectively in two described second joint elements.

Optimally, first joint element of two duplexs can be formed as one with the form that disengaged end face links to each other.

For possessing two-way function, the work engaging mechanism all should be zero at two initial transport disengaging heights that relatively rotate on the direction, the both sides of blocking teeth and attached the two Topland of blocking teeth are formed with two respectively accordingly and stop working surface, and stop the tooth top obstruction angle of the inlet nargin of chimeric mechanism greater than auto-controlled clutch.

As a kind of circumferentially fixing radially spacing scheme, attached catch ring can be attached on second joint element, attached limited ring is attached on the described rotor of circumferentially fixing with second joint element, directly to face a surface of described catch ring; Again with the cotter way formula radially or axial chimeric arrangement of mechanism this two the ring between.

Stop that for making chimeric mechanism works perfectly and reliable, preferably catch ring is imposed constraint, to force on its datum end face or basic circle cylinder that in chimeric status, is still in reference rings relatively.

Optimization ground, the working surface that stops of blocking teeth and attached the two tooth top of blocking teeth is the helicoid that lift angle is not more than ρ, and the middle part of a Topland is formed with spacing preiection at least therein, objectively plays to make blocking teeth serve as the effect that limiting tooth, attached blocking teeth serve as attached limiting tooth.Simultaneously, make that attached limited ring and attached catch ring are same ring, make spacing chimeric mechanism overlap into a chimeric mechanism of control with stopping chimeric mechanism, realization stops that chimeric mechanism can stepless variation and adaptive purpose from spacing and axial barrier height, simultaneously, the maximum spacing chimeric degree of depth of spacing chimeric mechanism, the full-depth tooth depth of engagement of the described work engaging mechanism that will stop greater than catch ring as the spacing target of this mechanism.

For asking better, also the helicoid that lift angle is β can be made in the side with stopping the working surface homonymy of the spacing preiection in the chimeric mechanism of control, | δ |≤β＜180 °.And at | δ | during≤β＜90 °-φ, if a chimeric class position-limit mechanism on the specific circumferential position that catch ring can be forced to be limited in the relative datum ring is being set between reference rings and the catch ring, it is the catch ring rotation preventive mechanism, when this mechanism is chimeric, catch ring loses axial blocking capability, so, just can realize easily that the pressure of clutch is chimeric.Here, φ is a friction angle of forming both sides' formed friction pair of rubbing contact on the side of spacing preiection of the chimeric mechanism of control.And the catch ring rotation preventive mechanism can be the chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula, comprises the axial or radial direction through hole on reference rings datum end face or the basic circle cylinder, corresponding recesses or trip ring breach and the spline pin on the corresponding rubbing surface of catch ring.

For optimal design provides more more options, the end face radial teeth on the catch ring can be formed on the two ends or inside and outside cylndrical surface of catch ring ring-type matrix.

Selectively, attached catch ring can be made separately, again by welding, direct interference fit or axially mode such as pin-and-hole interference fit and its owner encircle the compostle member of formation rigidity one.

Of particular note, the implication of used related notion of the utility model file or noun is as follows:

Owner's ring: by the revolving member that attached catch ring or attached limited ring depended on.

Reference rings: in the chimeric working state, as the revolving member of the static relatively reference object of catch ring; It is axially gone up the end face of directly facing catch ring and is called as datum end face, and upwards directly in the face of the cylndrical surface of catch ring is called as the basic circle cylinder, the two is referred to as reference level in the footpath.

Stop working surface: after stopping chimeric mechanism axial separation, form the Topland part that is used between ring gear both sides' the radial teeth of this mechanism carrying out to top contact, its lift angle is represented with λ.

Stop operating mode: composition both sides' the blocking teeth that stops chimeric mechanism is mutually to top contact, stop be located axially at outside it be in other axial engagement in the separated state or chimeric mechanism engages again or chimeric working condition.

δ angle and ρ angle: stop in the operating mode, catch ring is contacted by the datum end face of its slip end face or cylndrical surface and reference rings or basic circle cylinder on the one hand and forms sliding friction pair (to the twin clutch, then there is not end face sliding friction situation), stopping stopping that working surface axially contacts and forming the static friction pair of working surface and attached blocking teeth by its blocking teeth on the other hand, when only depending on this static friction pair to limit the circumferential position of the attached relatively catch ring of catch ring, this static friction pair must be self-locking, wherein, the minimum lift angle that stops working surface that can guarantee the secondary self-locking of this static friction just is defined as δ, and maximum lift angle just is defined as ρ.

Spacing working surface: the circumferential relative position of catch ring is given and the surface of limiting.To controlling chimeric mechanism, when λ＜δ, because of between both sides' blocking teeth can not self-locking to top contact, so having only the side of blocking teeth and the side of blocking teeth tooth top middle part spacing preiection is spacing working surface; When δ≤λ≤ρ, because of between both sides' blocking teeth can reliable self-locking to top contact, so, all sides of blocking teeth and stop that working surface all is spacing working surface.

Minimum barrier height: stop that operating mode (that is, stable chimeric status) carries out the transition to and stop operating mode by non-, stop chimeric mechanism the minimum axial direction distance that must separate.

The maximum spacing chimeric degree of depth: guarantee that the circumferential effect of contraction of spacing chimeric mechanism is existed, and stops the ultimate range that chimeric mechanism shaft upwards can be separated.Follow when stopping that chimeric mechanism moves together on the composition both sides of spacing chimeric mechanism are axial, this degree of depth is in the complete chimeric status, the axial distance between the peak in the coboundary of chimeric both sides' spacing working surface; Do not follow on the composition both sides of spacing chimeric mechanism are axial when stopping that chimeric mechanism moves together, this degree of depth is infinitely great.

Initial transport disengaging height: under the effect of axial inlay resultant force, the composition both sides of axial chimeric mechanism can realize axial separation and relatively rotate the minimum initially axial separation distance that institute must possess.Rotate on the opposite direction of design permission, this distance is necessary for zero, otherwise this distance can be non-vanishing.

The full-depth tooth depth of engagement: guaranteeing axially contact and do not considering under the prerequisite of initial transport disengaging height, when the composition both sides of axial engagement or chimeric mechanism relatively rotate a week, the amplitude of variation of the axial distance between its first joint element and second joint element.Also can be called the chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth.

The inlet nargin K that stops chimeric mechanism: when the influence of not considering other chimeric mechanism and catch ring are circumferentially free, on minimum barrier height, form and stop that the ring gear both sides of chimeric mechanism are not influencing the largest circumference angle that this mechanism shaft can stagger each other continuously under chimeric prerequisite.

Tooth top obstruction angle Θ: under the pressing spring action, when not considering to stop the influencing of chimeric mechanism, auto-controlled clutch in the axial separation state is the purpose that stops, reaches axial engagement of avoiding its inner associated teeth end face, and it engages the largest circumference angle that both sides must stagger each other continuously.

θ _c: the pairing circumference angle of soldered tooth Topland on first joint element,

θ _f: the pairing circumference angle of soldered tooth Topland on second joint element,

η: because the reduction value that circular gap brought of lead angle, work engaging mechanism.

Angle of departure γ: the work engaging mechanism carries out the transition to jointing state and the stable separated state threshold state between the two by jointing state, smallest circle round angle in relative rotation between its affiliated two joint elements;

In the utility model, when the composition both sides of a chimeric mechanism are the axially support foundation with the composition both sides of another chimeric mechanism respectively, just claim last chimeric mechanism to be located axially within the one chimeric mechanism of back, otherwise outside being.In addition, what particularly point out a bit is, " joint " and " chimeric " that the utility model is alleged, only when being specially spring-like steel ball safety clutch, axial auto-controlled clutch has clear and definite difference, and axial auto-controlled clutch be specially other have the clutch of radial mode end face tooth the time, then do not have substantive difference.

In the utility model, has chimeric mechanism of stopping of axial barrier functionality with catch ring and one of the attached catch ring composition that is attached on first or second joint element, this mechanism is located axially within the work engaging mechanism, form the spacing chimeric mechanism that has or do not have that can control the relation that stops that stops chimeric mechanism with catch ring and attached limited ring, two mechanisms with form as one or circumferentially fixing form mutual group composition from the core of retaining mechanism, realized the utility model proposed invention purpose well.Promptly, when attached limited ring and attached catch ring form as one, but utilization stops the working surface that stops of the spacing preiection at tooth top middle part or self-locking, at attached limited ring and attached catch ring only circumferentially fixedly the time, utilize the spacing working surface that forms separately on the catch ring, just utilize respectively the chimeric mechanism of control and independent radially or the spacing chimeric mechanism of axial pin slot type, or fully utilized, all be maintained well and stopped and stop chimeric in-house circumferential relative position in the operating mode, thereby reached the relation of stopping that is maintained well, stoped the work engaging mechanism in the separated state to engage the purpose that resets and thoroughly eliminate or eliminate substantially clutch separation impact or collision.That this mechanism has is simple in structure, reliable operation and be not subjected to work engaging mechanism spring parameter stability influence, adapt to different axial engagement power, the assembling characteristic of simple.

Separation stop and the technological requirement of the chimeric working mechanism that resets and reliability, mechanism's assembling, mechanism to aspect adaptive capacity, mechanism's operating life and the suitable application area and the scope of chimeric spring, the utility model has highly significant or incomparable advantage with respect to the separating retention mechanism of prior art.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axial section of the utility model embodiment one bidirectional safe clutch.

Fig. 2 is the schematic representation of second joint element among Fig. 1, (a) be right elevation axially partly cut open figure, (b) be plan view, (c) be the expansion schematic representation of the local flank profil of T direction radially projecting among (b) that amplifies.

Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of catch ring among Fig. 1, (a) is plan view, (b) is left view, (c) is the expansion schematic representation of T direction local radial projection among (a) that amplifies.

Fig. 4 is that relativeness between the flank profil of each the chimeric mechanism among Fig. 1 is in different operating modes, the local unfolded drawing of the radially projecting on same external cylindrical surface, (a) be that work in the chimeric status profile of tooth of engaging mechanism concerns schematic representation, (b) be that the profile of tooth of the control chimeric mechanism corresponding with (a) concerns schematic representation, (c) be that the profile of tooth that stops the engaging mechanism of working in the operating mode concerns schematic representation, (d) be that the profile of tooth of the control chimeric mechanism corresponding with (c) concerns schematic representation, (e) be that profile of tooth corresponding to the chimeric mechanism of unidirectional control of (c) concerns schematic representation, (f) be the local enlarged diagram of (a), the arrow representative is the overload sense of rotation relatively.

Fig. 5 represents, has stopping of various profiles of tooth chimeric mechanism with radially projecting's unfolded drawing form and all possible in stopping operating mode top contact concerned schematic representation, left side wheel profile among all figure all belongs to catch ring, and all right-hand wheel profiles all belong to attached catch ring; (a)～(i) expression is the various situations of the chimeric mechanism of control, wherein (a)～(c) expression is three kinds of special tooth profiles, (d)～(i) expression is | δ | and the whole profiles of tooth during＜λ≤ρ (e)～(i) then are the special tooth profiles of β=λ and coplane wherein; (j) expression is the profile of tooth that is applicable to the spacing chimeric mechanism of radial mode.

Fig. 6 be the utility model embodiment two the bidirectional safe clutch axially partly cut open figure.

Fig. 7 is the axial section of the utility model simple structure embodiment's safety clutch.

Fig. 8 is the axial section of the utility model embodiment four jaw self-locking differential mechanism.

Fig. 9 is the schematic representation of second joint element among Fig. 8, (a) is the axial section of right elevation, (b) is plan view, (c) is the expansion schematic representation of the local flank profil of T direction radially projecting among (b) that amplifies.

Figure 10 is half side chimeric power transmission, the right half side local unfolded drawing of respectively organizing the radially projecting of relativeness on same external cylindrical surface of flank profil when separation stops operating mode that is in of being in of the differential left among Fig. 8, (a) be that the corresponding profile of tooth of controlling chimeric mechanism concerns schematic representation, (b) be that the profile of tooth of the chimeric mechanism of corresponding power transmission concerns schematic representation, (c) be that corresponding profile of tooth of working engaging mechanism concerns schematic representation, (d) being the parameter schematic representation of power transmission tooth in (b) middle chimeric status, (e) is the parameter schematic representation that separates tooth in (c) in chimeric status.

Figure 11 is the axial section of the utility model embodiment five spring steel ball safety clutch.

Figure 12 is the schematic representation of second joint element among Figure 11, (a) be right elevation axially partly cut open figure, (b) be the plan view of simplifying.

Figure 13 is the axial section of mono-directional overrun clutch of the utility model embodiment six radially spacing-type.

Figure 14 is the schematic representation of second joint element among Figure 13, (a) be right elevation axially partly cut open figure, (b) be plan view.

Figure 15 is the schematic representation of catch ring among Figure 13, (a) is plan view, (b) be left view axially partly cut open figure.

Figure 16 is that relativeness between the flank profil of each the chimeric mechanism among Figure 13 is in different operating modes, the local unfolded drawing of the radially projecting on same external cylindrical surface, (a) be that work in the chimeric status profile of tooth of engaging mechanism concerns schematic representation, (b) be that the profile of tooth that stop chimeric mechanism corresponding with (a) concerns schematic representation, (c) be that the profile of tooth that stops the engaging mechanism of working in the operating mode concerns schematic representation, (d) be that the profile of tooth that stop chimeric mechanism corresponding with (c) concerns schematic representation, (e) be the local enlarged diagram of (a), the arrow representative surmounts sense of rotation relatively.

Figure 17 (a) is the axial section of the utility model embodiment seven duplex safety clutch, (b) is the axial section of catch ring in (a), (c) is the simplification sectional drawing of axial symmetry plane T-T in (b).

Figure 18 is the axial section of the utility model embodiment eight duplex spring steel ball safety clutch.

Embodiment

Necessary explanation: in the text of this specification and the institute's drawings attached, same or analogous member and characteristic portion thereof all adopt identical label symbol, and only when they occur for the first time, describe in detail, will no longer give elaborating of repetition when occurring once more thereafter.

Fig. 1～Fig. 4 shows first embodiment of the present utility model, and in this example, axial auto-controlled clutch is specially two-way castellated safety clutch.As shown in Figure 1, first joint element 50 is reference rings of catch ring 100, and second joint element 80 is owner's rings of attached catch ring.The relative work engaging mechanism of forming with second joint element, 80 jointing end faces of first joint element 50 possesses the function of bi-directional torque and axial separation.First rotating shaft and second rotating shaft by flat key respectively with the fixing (not shown) of first joint element 50 and second axle sleeve 206.Second joint element 80 is enclosed within on second axle sleeve 206, and the two is circumferentially fixing by spline tooth.Combined spring 160 is installed between the non-fitting end face and spring seat 162 of second joint element 80, adjusting nut 164 is connected in the outer distolateral of second axle sleeve 206 with thread forms, link indirectly on axially with first joint element 50, and axially support and the adjusting implemented combined spring 160 by spring seat 162.Catch ring 100 is positioned within the work engaging mechanism on radially, forms with attached catch ring and stops chimeric mechanism, and its slip end face 124 is close to the datum end face 70 of first joint element 50.Restricted spring 120 places between the end face of catch ring 100 and second axle sleeve, 206 external spline teeth.Spline pin interlock ring 180 is sleeved on the outer cylndrical surface of the non-fitting end face of first joint element 50, and the two axially spaced-apart is with Returnning spring 186, and gives axial limiting by snap ring 210.One end of spline pin interlock ring 180 circumferentially is evenly equipped with three axial spline pins 182, and three spline pins that these three spline pins 182 are embedded in respectively on first joint element 50 are installed in the through holes 188, its pin end face near but do not touch catch ring 100.

The concrete structure of second joint element 80 as shown in Figure 2.Its second soldered tooth 82 is trapezoidal radial teeth for cross section, and this tooth is distributed on the outer rim side of its fitting end face, and attached blocking teeth 142 is distributed on the interior ring side of its fitting end face.Attached blocking teeth 142 and second soldered tooth, 82 footpaths upwards fuse, and its Topland 144 is higher than the second soldered tooth Topland 84, and it stops that working surface 148 is that lift angle is the helicoid of λ, | δ |＜λ≤ρ.Be simplified structure and convenient integrally manufactured, attached blocking teeth flank 150 and tooth flank 146 respectively with the second soldered tooth flank 88 and tooth flank 86 complete coplanes, therefore attached blocking teeth 142 is divided into two parts, and has not existed corresponding to denticle in the middle of the Topland 144 of the second soldered tooth teeth groove and the part.Except there not being attached blocking teeth, and the Topland of first soldered tooth 52 has beyond the certain radian, and the layout of the fitting end face of first joint element 50 and profile of tooth are equal to second joint element 80 fully.

As shown in Figure 3, be formed with the shaft shoulder 128 that bears spring force in the ring-type matrix 112.Blocking teeth 102 one of catch ring 100 are distributed on the outer rim side of ring-type matrix 112, and its tooth top middle part is formed with spacing preiection 114.The helicoid type that all to be formed with two lift angles symmetrically on each blocking teeth 102 be λ stop the spacing preiection helical flank 118 that 110, two lift angles of 108, two flanks of working surface are β, | δ |≤β＜180 °, and a spacing preiection end face 116.Having an end that stops working surface 108 is the fitting end face of catch ring, and the other end is the circumferential slip end face 124 of catch ring.Be simplified structure, catch ring spline groove 126 is taken on by the blocking teeth teeth groove.Determine the circumferential width of circumferential position, circumferential width and the spline pin 182 of spline pin installation through hole 188 with such effect, promptly, when spline pin 182 embedded spline groove 126, the position that catch ring 100 stops must cause stopping that chimeric mechanism can not successfully stop the axial engagement of work engaging mechanism.

As Fig. 4 (a) and (b) with (f), first joint element 50 and second joint element 80 are formed the two-way working engaging mechanism, and it is to stop that chimeric mechanism is again the chimeric mechanism of control of spacing chimeric mechanism that catch ring 100 is formed with attached catch ring.The inlet nargin K that controls chimeric mechanism is (related symbol is represented the angle of circumference between corresponding points)

And K〉Θ, here, the tooth top obstruction angle Θ of auto-controlled clutch is Θ=θ _c+ θ _f+ η; Axial separation distance greater than AG after, by the circumferential degrees of freedom that stops the spacing chimeric mechanism that working surface 108 is limited natively greater than inlet nargin K.In the chimeric status, D _t＜AG＜D _c＜BE, wherein, D _tThe initial transport disengaging height of representative work engaging mechanism on off-design overload direction is two-way overload in this example, the D on the both direction _tAll perseverance is zero; D _cThe chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth of representative work engaging mechanism, AG representative stop the minimum barrier height (horizontal line symbolic representation axial distance, down together) of chimeric mechanism, and BE represents the maximum spacing chimeric degree of depth of spacing chimeric mechanism.Fig. 4 (c), (d) have provided the profile of tooth relation of each chimeric mechanism in the overload operating mode, and Fig. 4 (e) has provided the profile of tooth graph of a relation of the unidirectional control chimeric mechanism corresponding with Fig. 4 (c).

Be understood that, present embodiment is ended rotary column pin 182 and circumferentially uniform three of through holes 188 is installed, catch ring 100 and attached catch ring respectively have three uniform on all four radial teeth, attached 142 weeks of blocking teeth upwards just in time cross over two second soldered tooths 82, and it is all optional to serve as the arrangement of spline groove 126 with the blocking teeth teeth groove, and is the needs for simplified structure and technology etc. purely.Can't encircle integrally formed special circumstances with its owner for attached catch ring, can adopt in advance it is made separately, more afterwards it and owner ring with or the mode of welding or interference fit etc. in addition the method for stiff assembly handle.As a same reason, though restricted spring 120 and Returnning spring 186 are wavy spring, also can be other any type of elastomer.

Below in conjunction with working procedure and with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 present embodiment is further described.

In jointing state, operation torque passes to second joint element 80 through first joint element 50, passes to second axle sleeve 206 through spline again, finishes the transmission of torque in clutch inside, and certainly, above-mentioned transfer route also can be reverse.When going up overload in any direction, just the axial counter-force that on first soldered tooth 52 and second soldered tooth, 82 flank surface of contact, produced of institute's torque transmitted provided greater than spring 160 activating pressure the time, referring to Fig. 4 (a) or 4 (f), second soldered tooth 82 must overcome elastic pressure and axial separation withdraws from engagement positio.So the engagement relationship of whole work engaging mechanism has not existed, the transmission of torque route between two joint elements is disconnected, and this mechanism enters the overload separation working state.

After overload separation begins, because parameter A G＜D is arranged _cRestriction, therefore, when the axial separation distance of second joint element, 80 relative first joint elements 50 reaches D _cThe time, attached blocking teeth stops that the minimum point A of working surface 148 axially crosses the minimum point G that blocking teeth stops working surface 108 already on it, as shown in Figure 4.Be still on first joint element 50 owing to catch ring 100 restrained springs 120 again, therefore, as long as the inlet nargin K that stops chimeric mechanism is not away from its lower limit, separating process reaches D with regard to sufficient to guarantee for the first time synchronously in the axial separation distance of the chimeric mechanism of control in the rotation _cThe time, attached blocking teeth stops that just jump onto blocking teeth reliably stops working surface 108 to working surface 148, conflict mutually and set up stable self-locking static friction and concern, and then drive catch ring 100 circumference on the datum end face 70 of first joint element 50 and trackslip, thereby the axial separation process between above-mentioned two joint elements is stopped on the maximum separation distance.Therefore, the gear tip clearance distance between second joint element 80 and first joint element 50 is constant to be zero, and both are in zero of no any impact and collision and contact overload sliding friction operating mode, the especially time of releasing.This will significantly reduce both rates of wear, abate the noise life-saving.In addition, the first or second soldered tooth Topland can be made the footpath make progress low inside and high outside step-like, with average sliding friction radius and the residual torque in the remarkable reduction overload operating mode.Its residual torque coefficient will be much smaller than the coefficient of sliding friction.

Owing to used the chimeric mechanism of bidirectional obstruction, so the overload separation of the safety clutch of present embodiment on both direction all has the characteristic of no any impact and collision.Should be emphasized that controlling the screw face characteristics that stop working surface in the chimeric mechanism is the preconditions that guarantee to stop soldered tooth in the operating mode (essence is to separate tooth) zero collision,, must require λ that is〉0.And | δ |＜λ≤ρ stops the necessary condition that stops friction self-locking between the working surface in the operating mode, also be to stop that chimeric mechanism possesses the ability of the axial separation distance between self adaption two joint elements and the ability of the various axial wearing and tearing of automatic compensation within the specific limits, significantly promote the necessary condition in overall performance, reliability and the working life of safety clutch, and compensable amount also can be given as required when making.Especially, as δ〉during 0 and 0＜λ＜δ, attached blocking teeth 142 will climb because of two of top contact being stopped working surface can not self-locking trackslips relatively, and order stops that the axial separation distance of chimeric mechanism is greater than D _c, until running into spacing preiection 114.That is to say that through suitable design, we can obtain making contactless overload rotation operating mode between two soldered tooths.In addition, the self-locking relation between the working surface that stops only is present in the corresponding overload rotation, promptly, being present in order is in positive the relatively rotating to the lift angle that stops working surface in the top contact, to make it be in the relatively rotating of bearing and never be present in, because the lift angle λ ' during rotate back one=-λ＜-| δ |, λ ' has dropped on outside the lower limit of self-locking necessary condition λ ' 〉=δ fully.Therefore, change the direction that relatively rotates stop two joint elements in the operating mode, stop that original self-locking relation will disappear immediately between the working surface, catch ring 100 will no longer be followed attached blocking teeth 142 unitary rotation, but be still on the reference rings datum end face 70.

So, resetting for the chimeric of safety clutch, a kind of method of present embodiment is exactly kinematic inversion, the precondition of enforcement is exactly essential K〉θ _c+ θ _f+ η.At this moment, no matter which kind of extreme case appears, as long as make the active member of safety clutch oppositely turn over a tooth at most, promptly, make first joint element, 50 relative second joint elements 80 make and relatively rotate and turn over a tooth in relative rotation in contrast to overload, what attached blocking teeth 142 can both slip away blocking teeth 102 stops working surface 108, with second soldered tooth, 82 synchronous chimeric resetting, and situation about stopping can not appear oppositely separating, especially when having used the chimeric mechanism of one-way check, blocking teeth teeth groove mouth rotates synchronously in company with attached blocking teeth 142 especially, referring to Fig. 4 (e).The chimeric another kind of method that resets is the spline method in the present embodiment.Promptly, when keeping overload rotation situation, axially the interlock of compressing spline pin encircles 180, make after its axial counter-force that overcomes spring 186 in the spline groove 126 that spline pin 182 axially is pressed on the catch ring slip end face 124, catch ring 100 circumferentially stopped at make on its specific relative position of losing axial blocking capability, so, attached blocking teeth 142 is forced to relative blocking teeth 102 and trackslips and climb, and after the spacing preiection 114 of crossing its middle part, embed in the next teeth groove of catch ring 100, thereby realize the controlled chimeric purpose that resets of clutch.

Obviously, the chimeric of the safety clutch of the utility model resets, mechanism is simple, process is reliable, by counter-rotating or electricity, liquid, machinery easily is automated and telecontrol, make the performance of castellated safety clutch obtain the great-leap-forward lifting, significantly increase its working speed, torque and adaptable overload frequency, but and installation position.Expand its application and scope significantly, become universal safety clutch.

It should be noted that catch ring rotation preventive mechanism and the controlled chimeric spline method that resets all are nonessential optional structure or methods.And if use this structure and method, the lift angle β of the flank 118 of blocking teeth tooth top middle part spacing preiection just must satisfy inequality so: | δ |≤β＜90 °-φ, and with this side 118 and stop that working surface 108 coplanes are the best, that is, β=λ.

If present embodiment is pure unidirectional safety clutch, can adopt so only to have chimeric mechanism of stopping of one-way check function, shown in Fig. 4 (e), at this moment, the circumferential degrees of freedom of this chimeric mechanism can be zero.In addition, optional to the constraint of catch ring 100 in the present embodiment, the purpose of doing so just stops that in order definitely to guarantee chimeric mechanism can set up the relation that axially stops in the very first time.And that the mode of constraint also is not limited to length of spring compressed is a kind of, can also be to make the whole or local of first joint element 50 or catch ring 100 to cause the mode of the two magnetic attracting with magnetic material, perhaps catch ring 100 is made the mode of the elastic opening ring of tape spool shoulder, perhaps make the elastic opening ring of band taper turning surface, or the radial elastic masterpiece is used on the local taper turning surface of catch ring 100, such as the radially compressing mode of spring ball and snap ring etc.About catch ring 100 and constrained procedure thereof, stop chimeric mechanism, spacing chimeric mechanism, the catch ring rotation preventive mechanism, the relation of they and other member, comprise that catch ring 100 is reference rings with second joint element 80 and follows its axially movable scheme, and about the explanation of δ and ρ, in China that the applicant proposes in careful patent of invention 200710152151.9,200710152152.3,200710152153.8,200710152154.2 and more detailed careful description arranged all in 200710152155.7, above-mentioned five patent applications by the application institute reference, are no longer described in detail at this on the whole.

Fig. 5 shows that to have stopping of a various profiles of tooth chimeric mechanism all possible to the top contact situation in stopping operating mode.Among Fig. 5 (d)～(i) | δ |＜λ≤ρ, expression be to realize separating zero contact friction of tooth tooth top, and have all profiles of tooth relations of the chimeric mechanism of control of integrated abrasion compensation.What Fig. 5 (d) represented is the situation of β ≠ λ; What Fig. 5 (e)～(i) represented is the flank 118 and the special case that stops working surface 108 coplanes of β=λ and blocking teeth tooth top middle part spacing preiection entirely, and this situation helps manufacturing.Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) and Fig. 5 (j) are corresponding to the various profile of tooth relations that the collision type wearing and tearing are arranged after the overload separation.

Need to prove, because the basic structure, fundamental relation, the basic parameter that stop chimeric mechanism and spacing chimeric mechanism require and basic functional principle and process are identical or similar, so will no longer award repeat specification in following examples, and only various process or concrete structure be carried out necessary explanation.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment who stops outside the work engaging mechanism that is positioned at axial auto-controlled clutch on chimeric mechanism radially.This clutch still is specially castellated safety clutch.Wherein catch ring 100 is sleeved on the external cylindrical surface of first joint element 50, and restrained spring 120 constrains on the datum end face 70 with constraint snap ring 122.Embodiment one shown in Figure 1 relatively, the present embodiment residual torque is bigger.

The embodiment of simple structure of the present utility model is a safety clutch with independent assembling form referring to Fig. 7.The layout type of wherein working engaging mechanism and stopping chimeric mechanism fully as shown in Figure 1.Catch ring 100 is the open elastic rings with open section 130, has the outer turning surface of taper, and is static and be adjacent on datum end face 70 by the elastic reaction of 72 on itself and basic circle cylinder.First joint element 50 and first axle sleeve, 204 rigidity one, adjusting nut 164 directly links first joint element 50 and spring 160.All structures of second joint element 80 almost completely as shown in Figure 2, unique difference is that characteristic surface of transmitting torque has been changed on the external cylindrical surface by inner cylindrical surface on it, i.e. the flank of tooth of the gear teeth 214.

Fig. 8～Figure 10 shows embodiment four of the present utility model, i.e. jaw self-locking differential mechanism.As shown in Figure 8, first joint element 50 is embedded in and initiatively encircles in 230 endoporus and by snap ring 210 axial restraints, two second joint elements 80 are installed in and initiatively encircle 230 two ends, and the fitting end face at Fourth Ring is formed two chimeric mechanisms of power transmission and two work engaging mechanisms in twos relatively.Two combined springs 160 push down respectively from two ends second joint element 80 with guarantee activating pressure continue exist, the outer end of these two springs 160 is subjected to the support of two spring seats 162.Two spring seats 162 then are subjected to being sleeved on the axial limiting of the outer shaft shoulder of two second axle sleeves 206 in its endoporus respectively.These two second axle sleeves 206 are circumferentially fixing with mode and two second joint element 80 endoporus of splined respectively, are processed with the spline tooth that transmitting torque is used to output semiaxis (not shown) in second axle sleeve, 206 endoporus.Two catch rings 100 are installed in the end face circular groove of first joint element 50 with the form of fitting end face towards second joint element 80 respectively, are datum end face 70 with this groove inwall, are reference rings with first joint element 50.Two restricted springs 120 are installed in respectively between the interior edge face of external spline teeth of the catch ring 100 and second axle sleeve 206, and catch ring 100 is pressed on the datum end face 70.Initiatively encircle to be in four radial lobes of 230 and radially be processed with the first joint element removal hole 234.Whole differential axle upwards has the layout and the structure of complete symmetry, and the rectangular teeth on all members, soldered tooth quantity are same fully, and circumferentially uniform, simultaneously, and the end face tooth rim that initiatively encircles 230 and first joint element, the 50 two ends strict coordination that makes progress.

The structure of second joint element 80 in three annular regions on its fitting end face, is evenly equipped with cross section from outside to inside successively and is down that trapezoidal driven power transmission tooth 92, cross section is trapezoidal second soldered tooth 82 and attached blocking teeth 142 as shown in Figure 9.The footpath makes progress, and above-mentioned three teeth are linked to be complete one, and Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) have provided three's radially relation, and Fig. 9 (c) has provided the flank of tooth relation between the three.Driven power transmission tooth Topland 94, the second soldered tooth Toplands 84 are easy to an accurate forming; For simple in structure and be beneficial to processing, driven power transmission tooth tooth flank 96, the second soldered tooth tooth flanks 86, attached blocking teeth tooth flank 146 three's coplanes; At the radially extended surface with driven power transmission tooth flank 98 is after the boundary machines away the part denticle of second soldered tooth 82 and attached blocking teeth 142, the second soldered tooth flank 88 is able to part to be kept, attached blocking teeth 142 is divided into two, respectively possess one and stop working surface 148, its Topland 144 has not existed, its flank 150 and driven power transmission tooth flank 98 coplanes.Here, the working surface 148 that stops of all attached blocking teeths 142 is the helicoid that lift angle is λ, | δ |＜λ≤ρ.Accordingly, initiatively the profile of tooth of power transmission tooth 232 same fully on driven power transmission tooth 92, the first joint elements 50 first soldered tooth 52 trapezoidal for the drum waist, referring to Figure 10 (b)～Figure 10 (e).

The basic structure of catch ring 100 as shown in Figure 3, no longer repeat specification.

By above-mentioned explanation as seen, the layout of separating retention mechanism is same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 fully in the present embodiment.Present embodiment is actually the jaw clutch that has down trapezoidal power transmission tooth comprehensive of the castellated safety clutch of two symmetric arrangement and two symmetric arrangement, so, the separating retention mechanism that it is one-sided, the structure characteristic and the working procedure that just stop chimeric mechanism and spacing chimeric mechanism, all be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 fully, unique difference is that the tooth top obstruction angle Θ of the whole auto-controlled clutch in the present embodiment is Θ=θ _c+ θ _f+ γ+η.Therefore, no longer repeat specification here.The chimeric mechanism of power transmission that is formed about the driven power transmission gear ring that initiatively encircles 230 and second joint element, 80 outer rings, and the working procedure of whole castellated differential mechanism, be known technology, and also there is more detailed careful description in the China that the applicant proposes in examining patent of invention 200710152155.7, this patent application by the application institute reference, is also no longer described in detail at this on the whole.Correlated process can be referring to Figure 10.

Figure 11～Figure 12 shows embodiment five of the present utility model, and in this example, axial auto-controlled clutch is specially most typical spring steel ball safety clutch.As shown in figure 11, first joint element 50 is sleeved on the external cylindrical surface of second axle sleeve, 206 no threaded end by an end of steel ball hub 90, and by snap ring 210 axial restraints.Second axle sleeve 206 is made the rigidity one with steel ball hub 90.Catch ring 100 places in the circular groove of first joint element, 50 chimeric ends.Restricted spring 120 is installed between catch ring 100 and the steel ball hub 90, forces catch ring 100 to be adjacent to the end wall of circular groove, and promptly datum end face 70, make the latter thereon static.Steel ball 60 is placed in the axial hole circumferentially uniform on the steel ball hub 90, its part spheroid embeds groove on first joint element, 50 corresponding end-faces on a direction when, still have the part spheroid in withstanding on the end face of second joint element 80 on another direction.Second joint element 80 is enclosed within on the external cylindrical surface of second axle sleeve, 206 threaded end by the other end of steel ball hub 90.Attached attached blocking teeth 142 thereon passes axially dodges through hole on the steel ball hub 90, forms with catch ring 100 and stops chimeric mechanism.Spring 160 is installed between second joint element 80 and the adjusting nut 164.Adjusting nut 164 is connected on the outside thread of second axle sleeve 206 with thread forms.Taper bush 208 is used for fixing and connects second axle sleeve 206 and second rotating shaft, by bolt 220 and tapped hole 222 to its axial force distribution.Circumferentially be evenly equipped with three spline pins 182 on the spline pin interlock ring 180, install in the through hole 188 by three spline pins that first joint element, 50 outer ends embed respectively on it, the pin end face of spline pin 182 near but do not touch catch ring 100, by Returnning spring 186 assurances that are placed between spline pin interlock ring 180 and first joint element 50.

The owner that second joint element 80 serves as attached catch ring with its integral body as the form of the ring-type matrix of attached blocking teeth 142 encircles, as shown in figure 12.Three attached blocking teeths 142 are distributed on the same end face at endoporus place of second joint element 80, the helicoid type that it is λ that each tooth top all is formed with two lift angles symmetrically stop working surface 148, | δ |＜λ≤ρ.

In the present embodiment, two-way separating retention mechanism, the chimeric mechanism of control that just stops chimeric mechanism and spacing chimeric mechanism rigidity one is positioned on radially within the work engaging mechanism that first joint element 50, steel ball 60, steel ball hub 90 and second joint element 80 form.Be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 fully in form.The structure characteristic of separating retention mechanism and working procedure, and the structure characteristic of catch ring rotation preventive mechanism, circumferential relativeness, working procedure and implementation condition etc., all be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 1ly fully, unique difference is that the tooth top obstruction angle Θ of the whole auto-controlled clutch in the present embodiment is $\mathrm{\Θ}={\mathrm{\θ}}_c^{\′}+{\mathrm{\θ}}_f^{\′}+\mathrm{\η}.$ Therefore, no longer repeat specification here.Relevant parameter and noun are as follows:

Steel ball equivalent Topland: in the clutch, form a friction pair between the steel ball groove surfaces on steel ball 60 and first joint element, 50 end faces, the friction factor of this friction pair must corresponding fixing friction angle, if two times of angles with this friction angle are cone angle, with the steel ball centre of sphere is conical tip, and then parallel axes promptly is defined as steel ball equivalent Topland in the steel ball surface that this conical surface comprised of clutch rotational axis.When only the axial occurrence positions to top contact between first joint element 50 and described steel ball dropped in this equivalent Topland, the friction pair of the two can guarantee to be in self-locking state.

: in safety clutch revolution circumference, the pairing circumference angle of intersection point on the jointing end face of steel ball 60 centre of sphere place turning circle cylinders and first joint element 50 between the two adjacent steel ball groove upper edges.

: in safety clutch revolution circumference, the pairing circumference angle of intersection point between steel ball 60 centre of sphere place turning circle cylinders and the steel ball equivalent Topland border;

After adopting the notion of equivalent Topland, the Θ in the present embodiment is consistent same with the foregoing description in fact.

Figure 13～illustrated in fig. 16 is embodiment six of the present utility model.In this example, axial auto-controlled clutch is specially the mono-directional overrun clutch of a wheel-shaft drive form, and the spacing chimeric mechanism in its separating retention mechanism is circumferentially fixed with stopping chimeric mechanism, is a radially chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula.Wherein, first joint element 50 is reference rings of catch ring 100, and second joint element 80 is owner's rings of attached catch ring, and second axle sleeve 206 is owner's rings of attached limited ring.First joint element 50 is sleeved on the smooth section of second axle sleeve 206, and bearing 216 unidirectional first joint elements 50 that limit of the two, this bearing are limited on second axle sleeve 206 by snap ring 210a is unidirectional again.Second joint element 80 is sleeved on the spline tooth section of second axle sleeve 206, and the two is circumferentially fixing by spline tooth.First joint element 50 and second joint element 80 are formed the work engaging mechanism.Combined spring 160 is installed between the non-fitting end face and spring seat 162 of second joint element 80.162 of spring seats axially are limited to the outer distolateral of second axle sleeve 206 by snap ring 210b.Catch ring 100 is positioned within the work engaging mechanism on radially, and its slip end face 124 is close to the datum end face 70 of first joint element 50, forms with attached catch ring and stops chimeric mechanism, forms spacing chimeric mechanism with the position limit pin 134 that is embedded on second axle sleeve 206.Waveform restricted spring 120 places between the end face of catch ring 100 and second axle sleeve, 206 external spline teeth.

Second joint element 80 as shown in figure 14, except second soldered tooth 82 is the radial teeth of cross section indention, attached 142 weeks of blocking teeth upwards just in time upwards fuse with one second soldered tooth, 82 footpaths, with and Topland stop working surface 148 exactly, be that all the other structural features or feature comprise the explanation to first joint element 50 beyond the second soldered tooth Topland 84 of lift angle λ=0, all be same as shown in Figure 2ly fully, no longer repeat here.

In catch ring shown in Figure 15 100, blocking teeth 102 one are distributed on the outer ring surface of ring-type matrix 112, and limited impression 136 one are distributed on the inner ring surface of ring-type matrix 112.Axially, blocking teeth 102 is apparently higher than ring-type matrix 112.Blocking teeth Topland 104 is exactly to stop working surface 108, and blocking teeth flank 110a, the formed teeth groove of 110b can hold attached blocking teeth 142, and circumferential therebetween degrees of freedom is greater than zero.The top of blocking teeth 102 is the chimeric end of catch ring, and its bottom end is the circumferential slip end face 124 of catch ring 100.

As Figure 16 (a) and (b) with (e), first joint element 50 and second joint element 80 form be the chimeric mechanism of power transmission be again the one-way only operation engaging mechanism of work engaging mechanism, catch ring 100 is formed the chimeric mechanism of one-way check with attached catch ring, and the circumferential degrees of freedom of this two chimeric mechanism can be zero.Position limit pin 134 on second axle sleeve 206 is formed spacing chimeric mechanisms (dotted portion among the figure) with the limited impression of catch ring 100 136, and the circumferential degrees of freedom X of this mechanism is greater than the inlet nargin K that stops chimeric mechanism, that is, X〉K, wherein

(related symbol is represented the angle of circumference between corresponding points).Determine that with such effect spacing chimeric mechanism reaches the circumferential size of member separately with stopping the circumferential relative position of chimeric mechanism, that is, in stopping the chimeric status of chimeric mechanism, position limit pin 134 must be able to touch the spacing working surface 138b of limited impression 136.In addition, in the axial chimeric status, D _t＜AG＜D _c(horizontal line symbolic representation axial distance, down together), wherein, D _tRepresentative work engaging mechanism surmounts initial transport disengaging height on the direction in off-design separation, and the initial transport disengaging height perseverance that its separation in design surmounts on the direction is zero, D _cThe full-depth tooth depth of engagement of representative work engaging mechanism, the AG representative stops the minimum barrier height of chimeric mechanism.The correlation that stops each mechanism in the operating mode is shown in Figure 16 (c), (d).

Do simple declaration with Figure 16 to stopping separating of present embodiment below with reference to Figure 13 with chimeric resetting.

In chimeric status, when two joint elements are separated from each other relative rotation speed on the direction greater than zero the time in design, promptly, when relatively rotating shown in arrow occurring among Figure 16 (c), (d), free wheel device just begins separation and surmounts, to overcome the joint elastic force of pressing spring 160 between second soldered tooth 82 and first soldered tooth 52 and trackslip mutually and climb, reach D until the two axial separation distance along the two separation flank of tooth 58a and 88a _cBecause parameter A G＜D is arranged _cRestriction, and catch ring 100 restrained springs 120 are still on first joint element 50 relatively, therefore, as long as, surmounting separating process not away from its lower limit, the inlet nargin K that stops chimeric mechanism reaches D for the first time synchronously in the axial separation distance that stops chimeric mechanism with regard to sufficient to guarantee _cThe time, attached blocking teeth stops that working surface 148 just jumps onto blocking teeth and stops working surface 108 and set up the relation that axially stops.Stop in the operating mode that at this second joint element 80 is that jump type trackslips relative to rotating of first joint element 50 and catch ring 100, the amplitude of its jump or collision is D _cAnd the difference between the AG.Shown in Figure 16 (c), (d), when conflicting the spacing working surface 138a of limited impression 136 with the circumferentially fixing position limit pins 134 of second joint element 80, the just limited pin 134 of catch ring 100 is driving relative first joint element 50 and is trackslipping synchronously, catch ring 100 also is in relative static conditions immediately with attached blocking teeth 142, stops that the operating mode that stops of chimeric mechanism is stablized.

With respect to prior art, more than separate and stop that process is simple and reliable, catch ring 100 is still on its reference rings first joint element 50 passively, set up before the relation of stopping, do not need this ring circumferentially or axially doing any thing, there are not problems such as any motion response, idle stroke and driving frictional force, all separating actions, by this causes separating the driving link oneself that stops action and carries out with second joint element 80 of attached catch ring rigidity one, this will be particularly conducive to the foundation of the relation of stopping, the more obvious prior art that is better than.And, with catch ring 100 be arranged in the work engaging mechanism radially within, also reduced residual torque and attrition.In addition, because parameter lambda=0 and AG＜D _cRestriction, stop that relatively rotating of both sides' blocking teeth gear tip clearance can only be that jump type trackslips in the chimeric mechanism, the impossible self-locking of gear tip clearance, therefore, no matter forward still oppositely surmounts, do not have the effect of spacing chimeric mechanism, catch ring 100 must not be followed second joint element, 80 unitary rotation automatically, and can only be to be still on the datum end face 70 of first joint element 50.

Therefore, be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 1ly fully, present embodiment chimeric reset very simple and nature oppositely surmount rotation and get final product.That is, as long as make second joint element 80 do and Figure 16 (c) and middle reverse the relatively rotating of arrow of 16 (d) with respect to first joint element 50, attached blocking teeth 142 blocking teeth that just can slip away stops working surface 108, with second soldered tooth, 82 synchronous chimeric resetting.And attached blocking teeth stop also do not slip away preceding some Λ point of working surface 148 blocking teeth stop preceding some G point of working surface 108 before, second soldered tooth 82 has circumferentially missed under the situation of the first soldered tooth teeth groove mouth, chimeric resetting just need turn over a tooth and can finish, but will not occur stuck or collapse the tooth phenomenon.Because D is arranged _t＜AG, the restriction of initial transport disengaging height just is so two soldered tooths 52 separated with 82 inevitable oppositely surmounting.Simultaneously, when position limit pin 134 was conflicted the spacing working surface 138b of limited impression 136, back some B of attached blocking teeth Topland 148 do not miss the H point of blocking teeth teeth groove inlet, and whole Topland 148 still is in the top of blocking teeth teeth groove inlet.By above-mentioned explanation as seen, relative prior art, the chimeric reseting procedure of present embodiment, mechanism is simple, and process is reliable, except needs spring 160 provides the activating pressure, with size, the specific performance parameter of this spring and whether stablize without any relation.Thoroughly eliminate 160 pairs of influences that stop the chimeric reseting procedure of chimeric mechanism of combined spring, made conversion activating pressure and Regulation spring size become possibility.Naturally, the accuracy of manufacturing of spring 160, cost and clutch assembling requirement will greatly reduce, and obviously improve working life.

Present embodiment also deformable is as shown in Figure 1 a bidirectional safe clutch.Wherein, it is almost completely the same with the working principle that stops chimeric mechanism, basic structure and the parameter request of present embodiment to have stopping of a bidirectional obstruction function chimeric mechanism.Difference only is that the inlet nargin K in the chimeric mechanism of bidirectional obstruction must be greater than the tooth top obstruction angle Θ of auto-controlled clutch, i.e. Θ=θ _c+ θ _f+ η.And, determine that with such effect spacing chimeric mechanism reaches the circumferential size of member separately with stopping the circumferential relative position of chimeric mechanism, promptly, spacing chimeric mechanism must not hinder and stop that chimeric mechanism sets up the relation that stops on both direction, and with two mechanisms can be simultaneously placed in the middle chimeric orientate the best as.In the chimeric reseting procedure of bidirectional obstruction mechanism, K〉the chimeric success that resets when the Θ parameter limit is enough to guarantee oppositely to surmount, do not stop operating mode and can not enter reverse separation.In the chimeric mechanism of bidirectional obstruction, the best radially extension split by two second soldered tooths 82 that makes progress attached 142 weeks of blocking teeth is formed, and the denticle middle part is discontinuous shape, referring to Fig. 2.

What Figure 17 provided is the axial auto-controlled clutch that seven, one of embodiments of the present utility model are specially the duplex safety clutch of wheel-shaft drive form.This embodiment is exactly in fact two axial symmetry associatings embodiment illustrated in fig. 1,, is linked to be the form of rigidity one with the non-fitting end face of two first joint elements 50, with the result of two axial integral doubles of safety clutch shown in Figure 1 that is.Wherein, first joint element 50 is reference rings of catch ring 100, and its inner hole surface is owner's ring that basic circle cylinder 72, the second joint elements 80 are attached catch rings.First joint element 50 and catch ring 100 separately the end face radial teeth at two ends respectively with the strict symmetry of separately axisymmetric face.Two second joint elements 80 are all circumferentially fixing by the spline tooth and second axle sleeve 206, and form the work engaging mechanism with first joint element 50 respectively.Two groups of belleville springs 160 are pushed down second joint element 80 by two ends respectively, and are supported and regulate by the adjusting nut 164 of the shaft shoulder of second axle sleeve, 206 1 ends and the other end.Catch ring 100 is positioned within the work engaging mechanism on radially, is located axially between two second joint elements 80, forms one respectively with attached catch ring and stops chimeric mechanism.Two work engaging mechanisms and two stop that chimeric mechanism synchronously is in chimeric status or overload separation state.Be formed with some bolts hole 74 on first joint element 50.The coaxality of first joint element 50 when the endoporus shaft shoulder 128 of catch ring 100 is used to guarantee to transship, its effect also can make its mode that is embedded in all the time in second joint element, 80 annular slots realize by increasing the projection 114 on the catch ring 100.Pawl bar 170 and pawl restoring spring 174 are arranged in the radial hole on the axial symmetry plane on the basic circle cylinder 72.Be formed with all ratchets 172 in the positive further groove of catch ring 100 external cylindrical surfaces, the pawl bar 170 that is embedded in therebetween constrains in catch ring 100 on the basic circle cylinder 72.This ratchet and pawl arrangement only allows catch ring 100 to be rotated further in basic circle cylinder 72 upper edges overload direction, oppositely then is cut off.Determine the number of teeth and the circumferential position of ratchet 172 with such effect, that is, catch ring 100 is during by pawl bar 170 splines, and the position of its stop should guarantee that the work engaging mechanism can chimericly reset.And can cause the attached blocking teeth in chimeric back circumferentially to occupy the best of orientating as of blocking teeth teeth groove center.Identical with the soldered tooth number of teeth and same uniform is exactly a good selection.

The chimeric end of deflection, second joint element 80 fully as shown in Figure 2 on the spline tooth section axial.Catch ring 100 is compared Fig. 3 shown in Figure 17 (b), (c), except being formed with ratchet, beyond blocking teeth 102 was formed on the both ends of the surface of ring-type body, both had identical structural feature and characteristic size.Though catch ring 100 has not had the support of datum end face, because the synchronism of two ends work engaging mechanism action, the axial force that is applied to it must be to occur in pairs, so catch ring 100 still has stable axial position.Therefore, in the present embodiment, two ends work engaging mechanism, stop and spacing chimeric mechanism separately and between how much morphemes relations of axial and circumferential, be same as fully embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, no longer repeat specification here.But it must be emphasized that, because not from the surface friction drag of datum end face, δ in the present embodiment and ρ are numerically less than δ among Fig. 1 embodiment and ρ.

Work in the present embodiment and overload separation process are same as Fig. 1 embodiment fully, here no longer repeat specification.It is pointed out that in the chimeric reseting procedure of kinematic inversion after overload, no longer is to utilize to relatively rotate the conversion that stops the working surface lift angle in the process, but utilizes the one-way of ratchet mechanism to come the self-locking of shakedown working surface to concern.Naturally, also can as Fig. 1 embodiment, use the spline method chimeric reseting procedure of solenoidoperated cluthes artificially in the present embodiment.That is, will be on the shaft shoulder of spline pin 182 radial outer ends cover with spring, be embedded in slidably in the radial direction through hole between the bolt hole 74 of first joint element 50, its pin end face near but non-contravention to catch ring 100.Corresponding position at catch ring 100 external cylindrical surfaces is provided with spline groove 126, on the corresponding external cylindrical surface of first joint element 50, settle spline pin interlock ring 180, the inner cylindrical surface of this ring is a fluted body camming surface, this camming surface cooperates with the radial outer end of spline pin 182 and by this pin axial limiting, when circumferential braking spline pin interlock ring 180, just this cam is when first joint element 50 rotates, spline pin 182 radially can be pressed in the spline groove 126 of catch ring 100, make on its relative position of losing axial blocking capability thereby catch ring 100 circumferentially stopped at.And remove above-mentioned circumferential braking, centrifugal force and radial spring power will force spline pin 182 to get back to the maximum outside diameter place of camming surface once more, thereby make its pin top deviate from spline groove 126.For improving reliability, also catch ring 100 can be made the elastic opening loop type to form from constraint.Significantly, after the employing spline method, the chimeric mechanism that stops of present embodiment can have the bidirectional obstruction ability.

About the working mechanism of spline method, the circumferential position of relevant radial direction through hole and spline groove 126 relation, and the span of the lift angle β of the flank 118 of blocking teeth tooth top middle part spacing preiection are same as the explanation among Fig. 1 embodiment fully, no longer repeat here.

Very obvious, compare simply connected bidirectional safe clutch shown in Figure 1, the separating retention mechanism of present embodiment only has the frictional resistance moment of ratchet mechanism owing to there is not end face sliding-frictional resistance square, and the residual torque after its overload will be very little.If catch ring 100 be open elastic ring from constraint type; and chimericly reset and adopt the spline method; the residual torque coefficient will more be approximately zero so; can shut down after the overload; this characteristic is extremely important to the drive line that mustn't shut down and need transmit the big torque of high rotating speed, in wind-power electricity generation.In addition, because the soldered tooth cross section is trapezoidal cause, therefore, even if there is the morpheme error that makes progress in week between the individuality, also just cause the axially upward slight separation of existence of a certain work engaging mechanism in the power transmission state, the no longer strict equity of the two work torques that engaging mechanism bore such as 49.9% pair 50.1%, and can produce any influence hardly to integral working, effect and reliability.

Shown in Figure 18 is embodiment eight of the present utility model, that is, axial auto-controlled clutch is specially the spring steel ball safety clutch of the duplex of wheel one a shaft drive form.It is exactly in fact the duplex principle according to Figure 17 embodiment, with the result of the core texture duplex of two spring steel ball safety clutch embodiment illustrated in fig. 11.Transmission of torque, the overload after separation stop be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 11, chimeric reset be same as embodiment illustrated in fig. 17, no longer repeat specification.On the structure, the pattern axial alignment of pressing flange coupling between the second axle sleeve 206a and the 206b engages and fixes, and fastening screw trip bolt 228 is also fixed first joint element 50 and catch ring 100 etc. simultaneously together.The end face steel ball groove at two ends or radial teeth are respectively with the strict symmetry of axisymmetric face separately separately for first joint element 50 and catch ring 100, and the gear teeth 214 of transmitting torque are formed directly on the external cylindrical surface of first joint element 50.The bolt 220 of fastening taper bush 208 is applied in the unthreaded hole of axial perforation simultaneously, with the taper bush 208 of oppressing two ends simultaneously, and makes working shaft and fastening screw trip bolt 228 become the final foundation of combined spring 160 axially support jointly.Other member and Figure 11 or embodiment illustrated in fig. 17 identical, no longer repeat specification.

Understand easily, spring 160 and spring seat 162 are not the unique selection that inlay resultant force is provided to the work engaging mechanism, cancellation said two devices and be exactly a kind of alternative with the scheme that magnetic material is made first joint element or second joint element, certainly, also can adopt the electromagnetic force scheme of magnetic clutch.

Below only be description and the diagram that the utility model gives at its limited embodiment, has particularity to a certain degree, but it should be understood that, mentioned embodiment is used for describing, its various variations, the layout that is equal to, exchanges and change structure or each member all will be considered to not be separated from the spirit and scope that the utility model is conceived.

Claims (10)

1. the separating retention mechanism of an axial auto-controlled clutch comprises:

Axial engagement formula work engaging mechanism, it has first joint element, second joint element, spring and spring support around same rotational, when described first joint element and the two rotation synchronously of described second joint element, it is minimum that axial distance between this two joint element reaches, and be in jointing state, when the asynchronous rotation of this two joint element, axial distance can reach maximum between this two joint element, and is in separated state; It is characterized in that:

(a) comprise that also axial inserted type stops chimeric mechanism, in separated state, to stop described work engaging mechanism axial engagement, it has around the catch ring of described rotational and attached catch ring, all is formed with the blocking teeth that possesses axial barrier functionality on these two rings; Described attached catch ring and its owner's annular become one, and the described minimum barrier height that stops chimeric mechanism is greater than the initial transport disengaging height of described work engaging mechanism on two sense of rotation, less than the full-depth tooth depth of engagement of described work engaging mechanism;

(b) also comprise the spacing chimeric mechanism of axial inserted type, the circumferential position with the described relatively attached catch ring of the described catch ring of restriction in stopping operating mode is maintained the described blocked state constitutes that stops chimeric mechanism, and it has described catch ring and attached limited ring; Described attached limited ring and its owner's annular become one, and described attached limited ring and described attached catch ring are circumferentially fixing; The described axial separation distance that stops chimeric mechanism is during greater than described minimum barrier height, and the circumferential degrees of freedom of described spacing chimeric mechanism is greater than the described inlet nargin that stops chimeric mechanism.

2. by the separating retention mechanism of the described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly stop that chimeric mechanism is located axially within the described work engaging mechanism; Described catch ring is subjected to the unidirectional support of reference rings datum end face, and its slip end face and this datum end face formation circumferentially are free to slide friction pair; The owner of described attached catch ring ring is that described work engaging mechanism engages the arbitrary side's joint element among the both sides, described reference rings be in the described work engaging mechanism with owner's annulate shaft of described attached catch ring to relative side's joint element.

3. the separating retention mechanism of a twin axial auto-controlled clutch comprises:

(a) two have identical stable operation situation and around the axial inserted type work engaging mechanism of same rotational, described stable operation situation is jointing state or the separated state in the non-transition state; It has:

Around two first joint elements of described rotational, these two joint elements with jointing end face towards the circumferential relative fixed of reciprocal form;

Around two second joint elements of described rotational, these two joint elements are all at least circumferentially fixing with same rotor, and each and described first a joint element axial engagement respectively;

At least one spring acts on respectively on described two second joint elements, for described two work engaging mechanisms provide axial engagement power;

At least one spring support is with axial restraint and the support of final formation to described spring;

When first joint element and the two rotation synchronously of second joint element, described two work engaging mechanisms all are in jointing state, it is minimum that joint both sides' separately axial distance reaches, when first joint element and the asynchronous rotation of second joint element, described two work engaging mechanisms all are in separated state, and it is maximum that joint both sides' separately axial distance can reach;

(b) two axial inserted types stop chimeric mechanism, in separated state, to stop described two work engaging mechanism axial engagement, this two chimeric mechanism respectively has a catch ring and an attached catch ring, all is formed with the blocking teeth that possesses axial barrier functionality on these four rings; Described two attached catch rings and owner's annular separately become one, described two minimum barrier height that stop chimeric mechanism, greater than as the initial transport disengaging height of work engaging mechanism on two sense of rotation that stops object separately, stop the chimeric degree of depth of full-depth tooth of the work engaging mechanism of object respectively separately less than conduct respectively; And

(c) the spacing chimeric mechanism of at least one axial inserted type, circumferential position with the described relatively attached catch ring of the described catch ring of restriction in stopping operating mode, be maintained the described blocked state constitutes that stops chimeric mechanism, it has described catch ring and at least one attached limited ring; Described attached limited ring and its owner's annular become one, and described attached limited ring is circumferentially fixing with the described attached catch ring as the chimeric object of described catch ring; The described axial separation distance that stops chimeric mechanism is during greater than described minimum barrier height, and the circumferential degrees of freedom of described spacing chimeric mechanism is greater than the described inlet nargin that stops chimeric mechanism.

4. press the separating retention mechanism of the described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the blocking teeth of described two catch rings with tooth top on the mode that deviates from mutually is respectively formed at separately independently annular matrix, the non-chimeric end of described two catch rings is axially gone up directly relatively, stops in the operating mode the other side's axial support surface each other; Circumferential relative position between described two catch rings is subjected to the constraint of circumferential linking mechanism, and this mechanism is an axial chimeric mechanism that is in chimeric status all the time between this two ring; Owner's ring of described two attached catch rings is respectively in two described second joint elements.

5. press the separating retention mechanism of the described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 3, it is characterized in that: form as one on described two catch rings are axial, the two blocking teeth separately is respectively formed on the same annular matrix towards reciprocal form with tooth top, and the owner of described two attached catch rings ring is respectively in two described second joint elements.

6. by the separating retention mechanism of each described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that:

(a) described work engaging mechanism is zero at two initial transport disengaging heights that relatively rotate on the direction, and this mechanism all will cause self axial separation two rotations that relatively rotate on the direction;

(b) working surface that stops of described blocking teeth and attached the two tooth top of blocking teeth is two, and these two stop that working surface is formed at the both sides of each Topland respectively accordingly;

(c) the described tooth top obstruction angle that stops the inlet nargin of chimeric mechanism greater than auto-controlled clutch.

7. by the separating retention mechanism of each described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that:

(a) owner of described attached catch ring ring is second joint element, and owner's ring of described attached limited ring is a rotor, and this described rotor and described second joint element are circumferentially fixing, and described attached limited ring is directly faced a surface of described catch ring;

(b) described spacing chimeric mechanism is a chimeric mechanism between the described surface that is arranged in described attached limited ring and described catch ring.

8. by the separating retention mechanism of each described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: the catch ring in the chimeric status can be still on the reference level of reference rings relatively by constraint.

9. by the separating retention mechanism of each described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that:

(a) described attached limited ring and described attached catch ring are same ring, described spacing chimeric mechanism stops that with described chimeric mechanism overlaps the back and constitutes the chimeric mechanism of a control, this is controlled in the chimeric mechanism, and blocking teeth also is a limiting tooth simultaneously, and attached blocking teeth also is attached limiting tooth simultaneously;

(b) in the chimeric mechanism of described control, the working surface that stops of blocking teeth and attached the two tooth top of blocking teeth is the helicoid that lift angle is not more than ρ, and the middle part of a Topland is formed with spacing preiection at least therein, here, ρ can make stopping the maximum lift angle that stops working surface that stops the secondary successful self-locking of the working surface formed static friction of axial contact in the operating mode by both party;

(c) the maximum spacing chimeric degree of depth of described spacing chimeric mechanism, the full-depth tooth depth of engagement of the described work engaging mechanism that will stop greater than catch ring as the spacing target of this mechanism.

10. press the separating retention mechanism of the described axial auto-controlled clutch of claim 9, it is characterized in that: the spacing preiection in the chimeric mechanism of described control with the side that stops the working surface homonymy, be that lift angle is the helicoid of β, | δ |≤β＜180 °, wherein, | δ | be can make stopping in the operating mode by blocking teeth and stopping that working surface and attached blocking teeth stop that working surface axially contact the absolute value of the minimum lift angle that stops working surface of the successful self-locking of formed static friction pair.

Images