CN201311426Y - Device for testing critical rotate speed of centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Device for testing critical rotate speed of centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN201311426Y CN201311426Y CNU2008201378972U CN200820137897U CN201311426Y CN 201311426 Y CN201311426 Y CN 201311426Y CN U2008201378972 U CNU2008201378972 U CN U2008201378972U CN 200820137897 U CN200820137897 U CN 200820137897U CN 201311426 Y CN201311426 Y CN 201311426Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for testing the critical rotate speed of a centrifugal pump. A test centrifugal pump (40) is connected with a test pump motor (41) that is connected with a transducer (46); a bearing body (55) of the test centrifugal pump is provided with a vibrating sensor (42) and a vibration detector (45); the vanes (6) of the test centrifugal pump are solid discs; a pressure supply pump (54) is connected with a pressure supply pump motor (51); the inlet end of the pressure supply pump is connected with the a test pool (49); the outlet end of the pressure supply pump is connected with the inlet end of the test centrifugal pump through a pressure tube and a pressure regulating valve; the outlet end of the test centrifugal pump is connected with the test pool (49); and the inlet end and the outlet end of the test centrifugal pump are respectively provided with an inlet pressure gauge (43) and an outlet pressure gauge (44). The utility model can measure the dry and wet critical rotate speed of the centrifugal pump by directly observing the rotating speed, thus it is convenient and accurate to assure the safety and reliability of the pump.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of test unit of critical rotary speed of centrifugal pump.
Background technology
Any system all has its intrinsic vibration frequency.When the running speed of rotating shaft equaled the natural frequency of rotating shaft itself, the operation of axle system can become unstable and produce strong vibration (claiming that usually this vibration is a resonance effect), thereby causes the damage of equipment part, even caused equipment to produce fault and shut down.When the natural frequency of the offspeed rotating shaft of rotating shaft itself (be generally rotating speed when producing resonance ± 20% beyond), the operation of axle system then can become again steadily.Rotating speed when this produces resonance is called critical speed of shaft.The purpose of calculating critical speed of shaft is exactly whether to avoid the natural frequency of rotating shaft itself for the working speed that checks selected pump shaft, and in the rational range of speeds, to guarantee that pump can move safely and reliably.
At present, the computing method of the critical rotary speed of domestic pump series products adopt classic method (energy method: the row formula 1 as follows) basically, promptly hereinafter so-called " dry criticality rotating speed " (or title " air critical rotary speed ") computing method.This method is for the machinery (for example compressor and blower fan etc.) that pumped (conveying) medium is air or gas, and its precision of prediction generally can reach more than 95%.
Adopt energy method to calculate dry criticality rotation speed n c, computing formula is as follows:
nc＝299(1/y)
0.5 (r/min) ...... (1)
In the formula (1), Y is rotor maximum static deflection (cm).When the rotor natural bow Y=0.056mm (measured value) of test pump, the dry criticality rotating speed of Ji Suaning: nc=3996 (r/min) then.
Yet for the pump series products that pumped (conveying) medium is liquid, the mechanism of the critical rotary speed of pump product rotating shaft (i.e. " wet criticality rotating speed ") is more than the machinery complexity of carrying gas.Obviously, the computing method of " dry criticality rotating speed " are applied on the pump series products, then do not meet with actual conditions, can only play the effect of estimation, can only usefulness only for reference, and to the practical significance of design and little.
The imperfection of the relevant critical rotary speed design specifications of pump industry is obvious to all, but because the domestic computing method that are fit to pump series products critical rotary speed of also not developing at present, more can not make its standardization, event can only be adopted technology maturation itself but be not suitable so-called " dry criticality rotating speed " theory, and this is caving-in bash.
Some pump industry companies abroad and research unit (for example Britain Wer pump industry company, U.S. B.J company etc.) dropped into a large amount of manpower and financial resources before more than 20 years, work out the software for calculation of practical so-called " wet criticality rotating speed ".But this software is confidential know-how.
According to the regulation of world's petrochemical industry with universal design manufacturing standard----the API Std API610 " oil, heavy chemistry and gas industrial centrifugal pump " of pump, the complete scope of pump should comprise the report of wet criticality revolution speed calculating.In order to adapt to developing rapidly of petrochemical industry, for the technical merit and the design specifications that make homemade pump series products in line with international standards, in order to promote domestic pump series products technical grade, in order to guarantee the safe reliability of pump operation in design, the domestic wet criticality rotating speed analysis calculation method of researching and developing as early as possible seems very necessary.But domestic evaluation work in this respect only begins starting at present.Former, which principal element influence " wet criticality rotating speed " is arranged on earth, influence degree is how, does not have perceptual knowledge, lacks test basis.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, and provides a kind of mode by test can obtain the centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit of quantitative relationship of dry criticality tachometer value, wet criticality tachometer value and this two value of centrifugal pump.
The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technical solution: a kind of centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit, comprise test centrifugal pump, voltage supply pump, experimental tank, described test centrifugal pump and test pump motor link, the test pump motor links with frequency converter again, on the bearing body of test centrifugal pump, matching used vibration transducer and vibration-detecting instrument are housed, and the impeller of this test centrifugal pump is solid disk; Described voltage supply pump and voltage supply pump motor link, the inlet end of voltage supply pump by suction hose and experimental tank link, voltage supply delivery side of pump end links by the entrance point of force pipe one, pressure regulator valve, force pipe two with described test centrifugal pump successively, the endpiece of test centrifugal pump links by drainpipe and experimental tank; Inlet pressure table, delivery gauge are equipped with respectively in inlet end place, the endpiece place of described test centrifugal pump.Between described pressure regulator valve and force pipe two, non-return valve is housed.
After adopting the utility model, can directly come dried, the wet criticality rotating speed of determination test centrifugal pump by the rotating speed of observation experiment centrifugal pump, not only convenient but also accurate, to guarantee the safe reliability of pump operation.Learn that from test findings the wearing and tearing of the casing ring of test centrifugal pump are very big to the influence of wet criticality rotating speed.Behind centrifugal pump process long-play, the seal clearance of casing ring has enlarged, and then the wet criticality rotating speed of pump has reduced; When the wet criticality rotating speed is reduced to a certain degree, the pump generation high vibration that is in operation, and cause operation troubles to be shut down or part of damage.For guaranteeing the operation of pump product safety, remind deviser and user should cause enough concerns and attention.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the test centrifugal pump of the utility model employing.
Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1.
The voltage supply pump structure synoptic diagram that Fig. 3 adopts for the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit.
Fig. 5 is that the K of the test centrifugal pump unit among Fig. 4 is to view.
The structural representation that the vibration transducer that Fig. 6 adopts for the utility model, vibration-detecting instrument are installed on the bearing body of test centrifugal pump.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the single gap sandwich type element sealing ring selected for use among Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the three clearance-type casing rings selected for use among Fig. 1.
Pressure when Fig. 9 adopts single gap sandwich type element sealing ring for centrifugal pump of the present utility model fall with do, the wet criticality rotating speed concern chart.
The chart that concerns with the wet criticality rotating speed falls in the pressure when Figure 10 adopts single gap formula, three clearance-type casing rings for centrifugal pump of the present utility model.
Figure 11 be centrifugal pump of the present utility model when adopting single gap formula, three clearance-type casing rings the different sealing gap width and the wet criticality rotating speed concern chart.
Embodiment
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the utility model centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit, comprise test centrifugal pump 40, voltage supply pump 54, experimental tank 49, described test centrifugal pump 40 links by shaft coupling 47 and test pump motor 41, test pump motor 41 links with frequency converter 46 again, on the bearing body 55 (comprising left and right bearing body) of test centrifugal pump 40, matching used vibration transducer 42 and vibration-detecting instrument 45 are housed, and the impeller 6 of this test centrifugal pump 40 is solid disk; Described voltage supply pump 54 links by shaft coupling 53 and voltage supply pump motor 51, the inlet end of voltage supply pump 54 by suction hose 32 and experimental tank 49 link, the endpiece of voltage supply pump 54 links with the entrance point of described test centrifugal pump 40 by force pipe 1, pressure regulator valve 34, force pipe 2 38 successively, the endpiece of test centrifugal pump 40 links by drainpipe 35 (in the drainpipe flowmeter 37 can be housed) and experimental tank 49; Inlet pressure table 43, delivery gauge 44 are equipped with respectively in the inlet end place of described test centrifugal pump 40, endpiece place.In order to prevent aqueous reflux, between described pressure regulator valve 34 and force pipe 2 38, non-return valve 36 is housed.
With reference to accompanying drawing, the test method of the utility model centrifugal pump critical rotary speed is: at first select a test centrifugal pump unit for use, by the running of test pump motor-driven test centrifugal pump, by frequency converter the test pump motor is carried out stepless speed regulation, and the impeller of this test centrifugal pump is solid disk; Select a voltage supply pumping set again for use, casing ring inlet to the test centrifugal pump provides pressure source, and select vibration transducer and supporting vibration-detecting instrument for use, vibration values to the test centrifugal pump is measured, select an experimental tank again for use, the test centrifugal pump is carried out not water filling or flood-pot-test by the voltage supply pump; Then, be at the casing ring of test centrifugal pump that a certain pressure falls, under the situation of a certain version or a certain gap width, rotating speed of motor carried out in the process of step-less adjustment, record the vibration speed value of test centrifugal pump simultaneously by frequency converter; When the rotating shaft of test centrifugal pump during in a certain travelling speed, amplitude value of peaking of test centrifugal pump determines that then this actual measurement spindle speed is exactly to test the dry criticality rotating speed or the wet criticality rotating speed of centrifugal pump.
Wherein, test characteristic of centrifugal pump design type selecting: at first select for use a 250DH176 standard form pump as test centrifugal pump basic structure, it is a horizontal single-stage double-suction centrifugal pump, and the power of the test pump motor that it is supporting is 315kW.Then 250DH176 standard form pump is modified as GX-250DH176 test centrifugal pump, the impeller that is about to 250DH176 standard form pump is replaced by the solid disk 6 (can be described as simulated impeller) of about equal in quality, and other part is constant substantially.But the import and export flow direction of two pumps is opposite, and former 250DH176 delivery side of pump is the inlet end (water inlet) 17 of GX-250DH176 test centrifugal pump; The water inlet of former 250DH176 pump is the endpiece (water delivering orifice) 16 of GX-250DH176 test centrifugal pump, and this design is in order to obtain the generation that pressure falls.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the model of the test centrifugal pump behind the remodeling is GX-250DH176, and it mainly is made up of rotating shaft 1, the dynamic bearing parts 2 that roll left (comprising left bearing body and left bearing etc.), left mechanical seal parts 3, left sealed letter body 4, left shell sealing ring 5, simulated impeller 6, right shell body sealing ring 7, pump case 8, right sealed letter body 9, right mechanical seal parts 10 and right roller bearing component 11 (comprising right bearing body and right bearing etc.) etc.As shown in Figure 2, the test centrifugal pump is that top water inlet 17 (small-bore) injects and top water delivering orifice 16 (heavy caliber) flows out.The test centrifugal pump is by the test pump motor direct-drive, and the test pump motor then carries out frequency control by frequency converter, and the speed governing ability that makes this test unit is between 0～7000r/min.The working speed of test centrifugal pump is 2980r/min.
The type selecting of voltage supply pump:, select an independent voltage supply pump for use in order to change pressure differential (irrelevant) with travelling speed through the left and right casing ring of overtesting centrifugal pump.This voltage supply pump is the horizontal one step single sucking standard form of a PAF50-450B type centrifugal pump, and the outlet maximum working pressure (MWP) is 3MPa, and supporting voltage supply pump motor power is 90kW.As shown in Figure 3, the voltage supply pump mainly is made up of pump case 21, iompller ring 22, casing ring 23, impeller 24, mechanical seal 25 and parts of bearings 26 parts.This pump is that axial end 27 (inlet end) sucks, and vertically holds 28 (endpiece) to discharge vertically upward.
Experimental tank is the pond that utilizes existing pump test chamber, and the experimental tank capacity is 350 cubic metres, and the degree of depth is 3 meters.The delivery rate of voltage supply pump is by its vertically end discharge, by the water inlet 17 of pipeline injection test centrifugal pump.Like this, liquid flow will let out by left and right casing ring 5,7 in normal direction, flow out the water delivering orifice 16 of test centrifugal pump then, and get back to experimental tank through pipeline.During the voltage supply pump operation, suck water by suction hose 32 in experimental tank, the water that the test centrifugal pump is discharged casing ring by drainpipe 35 is got back in the pond.For the suction, the draining that make above-mentioned two pumps are not disturbed mutually, in experimental tank 49, between suction hose 32 and the drainpipe 35, establish an isolated gate 50.
Described test centrifugal pump 40, shaft coupling 47, test pump motor 41, frequency converter 46, vibration transducer 42, vibration-detecting instrument 45 etc. constitute test centrifugal pump unit and are installed on the test pump base 48, and described voltage supply pump 54, shaft coupling 53, voltage supply pump motor 51 etc. constitute the voltage supply pumping set and be installed on the voltage supply pump frame 52.
The vibration measurement method of test centrifugal pump is: the vibration values of test centrifugal pump is recorded by the vibration transducer (on-line vibration probe) that is installed on its left and right bearing body.As shown in Figure 6, the supporting use of vibration transducer and vibration-detecting instrument, the vibration values of pump can be read on the card of vibration-detecting instrument.Vibration transducer is selected ST series for use, and each installs two vibration transducers 42 that are mutually 90 ° on the left and right two bearings body 55 of described test centrifugal pump 41.
The most general vibration problem on the pump, great majority all occur on the pump shaft, and the shaft vibration major part is transferred on the bearing body, in this case, measure the vibration of bearing body, for the comprehensive operating mode of pump, significant information can be provided, and (annotate: vibration data should be scaled the frequency spectrum in each running speed.All test figures of being discussed all are to obtain under the instantaneous rotation frequency.Here the critical rotary speed of indication all refers to the first common rank critical rotary speed).
The method for building up that (being pressure differential) falls in the pressure of the housing seal czermak space of test centrifugal pump is: the intake pressure 12 of the housing seal czermak space among Fig. 1 and 13 provides (this pressure P by the voltage supply pump 54 among Fig. 4
1Record by inlet pressure table 4 3), and regulate pressure by variable valve 34; The top hole pressure 14 of the housing seal czermak space among Fig. 1 and 15 is measured as P by the delivery gauge 44 that is installed on the drainpipe
2(pressure differential) Δ P=P falls in the pressure that can calculate thus through casing ring
1-P
2Voltage supply delivery side of pump pressure is 0.5～3.0MPa.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, the casing ring of three seal clearance values, two kinds of hermetically-sealed construction forms (single gap formula, three clearance-types) is selected in test for use, falls or different pressure is fallen and tested at identical pressure respectively.
The test method of the dry criticality rotating speed of testing experiment centrifugal pump is: do not inject water in the test centrifugal pump, and removed its left and right casing ring at 5,7 o'clock, do the test of said method, measuring vibrations curve, the vibration peak of confirmed test centrifugal pump and dry criticality rotating speed.The reason of removing casing ring is: owing to be air in the housing seal this moment czermak space, do not have the lubrication of water and casing ring weares and teares easily.In addition, this removal method is for the factor irrelevant (from the principle of dynamics angle) of testing experiment centrifugal pump dry criticality rotating speed and housing seal czermak space.
The dry criticality speed revolution value that does not inject water test and obtain in the test centrifugal pump is 3950r/min, and the dry criticality speed revolution value (3996r/min) that this and technology maturation Theoretical Calculation go out is very near (see figure 9).This has proved that this test unit measured value tallies with the actual situation, or can think like this, and this dry criticality rotating speed theoretical calculation method is trustworthy.
The test method of the wet criticality rotating speed of testing experiment centrifugal pump: in the test centrifugal pump, inject water, under the situation that uniform pressure is fallen or different pressures falls, adopt two kinds of multi-form housing seal ring structures such as single gap formula, three clearance-types, distinguish measuring vibrations curve, the vibration peak of confirmed test pump and wet criticality rotating speed again.As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, when in the test centrifugal pump, injecting water, by changing the radial play L1 (radial direction) of single gap sandwich type element sealing ring, by radial play L2, L3, the L4 (radial direction) that changes three clearance-type casing rings, make that producing different pressure falls, distinguish measuring vibrations curve, the vibration peak of confirmed test pump and wet criticality rotating speed again.Three kinds of seal clearance values (diametric(al)) such as 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm are selected in this test for use, and wherein 0.4mm is a design gaps, and 0.6mm and 0.8mm can be considered the gap after the long-time running wearing and tearing.
As shown in Figure 9, ordinate 09-1 is first critical rotary speed (r/min), and horizontal ordinate 09-2 is that (MPa) falls in pressure.Horizontal straight dashed line "------" is the calculated value of the aerial dry criticality rotating speed of single gap sandwich type element seal ring structure; The curve "---zero---" of band circle is the wet criticality rotary speed measure value of single gap sandwich type element seal ring structure in aqueous medium.
As shown in figure 10, ordinate 10-1 is first critical rotary speed (r/min), and horizontal ordinate 10-2 is that (MPa) falls in pressure.The square curve "------" of band is the wet criticality rotary speed measure value of single gap sandwich type element seal ring structure in aqueous medium; The curve "---☆---" of band star is the wet criticality rotary speed measure values of three clearance-type housing seal ring structures in aqueous medium.
As shown in figure 11, ordinate 11-1 is first critical rotary speed (r/min), and horizontal ordinate 11-2 is sealing ring diametrical clearance (mm).The curve "---◇---" of band rhombus is the wet criticality rotary speed measure value of single gap sandwich type element seal ring structure in aqueous medium; The curve of band fork-shaped "---*---" be the wet criticality rotary speed measure values of three clearance-type housing seal ring structures in aqueous medium.
Test be marked with in the centrifugal pump critical rotary speed numerical value that water test obtains with before the numerical value that calculates of the calculating dry criticality rotating speed formula (energy method) of traditional technology maturation differ greatly.Geometric configuration and big or small closely related (the seeing Figure 10 and Figure 11) of the main radial play with casing ring of this kinematic behavior fall closely related (seeing Fig. 9 and Figure 10) with pressure.
The result who has compared three kinds of test gaps (0.4mm, 0.6mm and 0.8mm) on this test unit shows that under any pressure differential Δ P, for single gap sandwich type element sealing ring, the wet criticality rotating speed is the highest.In addition, gap width is big more, wet criticality rotating speed low more (seeing Figure 11).
The design nominal clearance (diametric(al)) of the casing ring regulation of this test pump is 0.4mm, and the pressure when declared working condition is reduced to 1.75MPa, and it is 1.6 times quantitative relationship of dry criticality rotating speed that test findings has drawn the wet criticality rotating speed.This result is that direct application value is arranged very much to the dynamics Design of general single-stage and two-stage water pump rotor, because the dry criticality rotating speed can calculate, what then the wet criticality rotating speed of such pump just can be similar to has calculated.
But, the wet kinematic behavior of multistage pump rotating shaft is complicated more, at different progression, different structure and size, different purposes and different design specificationss, located consumingly, accounted for dominating role gap kinematic behavior at balancing drum/cover and stator cover etc., its wet criticality rotating speed all is very different.But from qualitative angle, the design of this device and test method thereof and configuration have been laid the theory and practice foundation to further carrying out test multistage pump wet criticality rotary speed working from now on, have the directive function of drawing inferences about other cases from one instance.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit, comprise test centrifugal pump (40), voltage supply pump (54), experimental tank (49), it is characterized in that: described test centrifugal pump (40) links with test pump motor (41), test pump motor (41) links with frequency converter (46) again, on the bearing body (55) of test centrifugal pump (40), matching used vibration transducer (42) and vibration-detecting instrument (45) are housed, and the impeller (6) of this test centrifugal pump (40) is solid disk; Described voltage supply pump (54) links with voltage supply pump motor (51), the inlet end of voltage supply pump (54) by suction hose (32) and experimental tank (49) link, the endpiece of voltage supply pump (54) links with the entrance point of described test centrifugal pump (40) by force pipe one (33), pressure regulator valve (34), force pipe two (38) successively, the endpiece of test centrifugal pump (40) links by drainpipe (35) and experimental tank (49); Inlet pressure table (43), delivery gauge (44) are equipped with respectively in the inlet end place of described test centrifugal pump (40), endpiece place.
2, centrifugal pump critical rotary speed test unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: between described pressure regulator valve (34) and force pipe two (38) non-return valve (36) is housed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201378972U CN201311426Y (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2008-11-05 | Device for testing critical rotate speed of centrifugal pump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008201378972U CN201311426Y (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2008-11-05 | Device for testing critical rotate speed of centrifugal pump |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201311426Y true CN201311426Y (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2008201378972U Expired - Fee Related CN201311426Y (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2008-11-05 | Device for testing critical rotate speed of centrifugal pump |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2709753C1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-12-19 | Публичное акционерное общество "Транснефть" (ПАО "Транснефть") | Bench for parametrical testing of scale models of flow-through parts of pump equipment and scale model of pump |
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2008
- 2008-11-05 CN CNU2008201378972U patent/CN201311426Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2709753C1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-12-19 | Публичное акционерное общество "Транснефть" (ПАО "Транснефть") | Bench for parametrical testing of scale models of flow-through parts of pump equipment and scale model of pump |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090916 Termination date: 20141105 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |