CN201283012Y - Device for externally measuring orthodontic force of oral cavity - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a device based on the combination of in vivo impression taking and in vitro dental cast measurement, which belongs to the technical field of force measurement and in particular relates to orthodontic force measurement. An in vitro orthodontic measuring device comprises a model clamping and positioning apparatus, a mark location apparatus, a force measuring apparatus and a coordinate measuring apparatus. The measuring system has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, which can conveniently obtain orthodontic force at any time in the process of orthodontic treatment, predict dental movement, and supply guidance for clinical orthodontics.

Description

A kind of orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro device

Technical field

This utility model belongs to the force measurement technical field, particularly the mouth cavity orthodontic force measurement.

Background technology

Just abnormal is to apply external force with the malposed tooth marshalling by appliance, applies the power of rescuing and be the only resource of realizing that tooth moves, studies external force in the just abnormal process effect of tooth is aligned abnormal theory and clinical having great importance.Orthodontic force is to realize by the deformation force that the displacement between the reservation shape of arch wire and the tooth actual arrangement shape causes, the size of orthodontic force is relevant with patient's teeth dislocation degree of alignment with arch wire preforming shape, and the orthodontic force under clinical state is measured very difficulty.There is report to adopt the commercial measurement robot of six degree of freedom that the orthodontic force of arch wire effect is measured abroad, its basic skills is that load-sensing unit is a pick off, the arm of six-freedom degree is used for making bracket to arrive the position of formulating, obviously this device is very expensive, and such device is not arranged at home at present as yet.

Summary of the invention

This utility model provides a kind of device that combines based on delivery in the body and the measurement of external tooth mould, can obtain the power of rescuing of any time in the just abnormal process eaily, tooth is moved predict, the just abnormal clinical guidance that provides is provided.

The utility model proposes a kind of orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro device, comprise the model clamping and positioning device, the mark location device, device for measuring force, coordinate measuring set, described clamping and positioning device is one to have the support plate of T-slot and bolt, described mark location device, device for measuring force, coordinate measuring set is installed on the support plate, described device for measuring force comprises force application apparatus and four springs, force application apparatus is connected with four springs, and described space measurement device is by guideway, the guide rail slide block, vertical ranging rod, horizontal ranging rod and the probe that is installed on the horizontal ranging rod are formed.

Described mark location device is the probe that is installed on the T-slot.

Described mark location device is the bolt that is installed on the clamping and positioning device support plate.

Described force application apparatus comprises two that link to each other with support plate and be oppositely arranged perpendicular end plates on support plate, have two holes on described two perpendicular end plates, four bolts match with four holes on two perpendicular end plates respectively and are installed on the perpendicular end plate, and a nut is housed at each bolt one end, the bulb pin joint of the other end of described four bolts and six degree of freedom, described six degree of freedom bulb is installed on the ball cover, and ball cover is connected with bolt with end cap.

The composition principle of power of the present utility model is as follows:

Can by four points apply power with arch wire be stretched to just abnormal clinical position be because, the locus of a rigid body can by on the rigid body not the position of three points on same straight line determine, as long as the position of these three points is definite fully, the locus of this rigid body is also just definite fully so, therefore as long as three some positions on the bracket and just abnormal position in clinical are mapped fully, just the position when clinical is in full accord in the position of bracket so, thereby the position of arch wire is also consistent with clinical position.(because the distortion of arch wire or position can be determined by the position of holder bracket)

Obtain the size of the power of every spring action on tooth by the elongation of spring, obtain the direction of power by the coordinate at measuring spring two ends, this device will only adopt not working pressure of pulling force, the bulb guarantee effect power of using six-freedom degree is along rectilinear direction, the size of power obtains by the elongation of measuring spring, the elongation of spring can obtain by the changes in coordinates of measuring two end points or directly obtain with kind of calliper, and the space coordinates of two ends of spring records three coordinates by coordinate measuring set.

The synthetic computational methods of concrete power are at first to set up a coordinate system, if the coordinate of two end points after spring i (i=1,2,3, the 4) elongation is respectively:

The direction vector of the pulling force that this spring bore is so $\left[\begin{array}{c}{l}_i^1\\ l_i^2\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="l\; i"\; filenames="Y200820216613E00081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_i^{}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_i^{\&prime;}\\ y_i^{\&prime;}\\ z_i^{\&prime;}\end{array}\right]-\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_i\\ y_i\\ z_i\end{array}\right]$

The power that applies of spring can be expressed as ${\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{F}}_i=f_i*{\left[l_i^1{l}_i^2{l}_i^3\right]}^T$ The size of spring tension wherein

The rigidity k of spring can measure by test, and the elongation Δ l of spring can measure.

Four power can be projected to respectively on three coordinate axess of a coordinate system, also can be synthesized to as follows on any one point:

Suppose that this point coordinates is [x ₀y ₀z ₀] ^T, with each power

To this translation can with former power equal and opposite in direction, a power that direction is identical

With a couple ${\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{M}}_i={\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{F}}_i\&times;{\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{d}}_i$ , wherein

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{d}=\left[\begin{array}{c}{d}_i^1\\ d_i^2\\ d_i^3\end{array}\right]=(\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_i\\ y_i\\ z_i\end{array}\right]-\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_0\\ y_0\\ z_0\end{array}\right])$

The direction of couple is for pressing the right-hand rule decision.Four power are all moved to this point, four new power that obtain after the translation

Form a space copolar force system, can the synthesizing by the vector addition rule with joint efforts of this four power:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{F_{\mathrm{total}}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{F_i^{\&prime;}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{f}_i*{\left[l_i^1{l}_i^2{l}_i^3\right]}^T$

Resultant couple still can then calculate by vector synthesis:

$\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{M_{\mathrm{total}}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\stackrel{\&RightArrow;}{M}}_i$

Know if desired along a certain direction on the tooth body

Power or around this moment, only need will be total with joint efforts and resultant moment get final product to this direction projection:

The utlity model has following advantage:

Because measuring, orthodontic force should guarantee that the bracket position is consistent with clinical state, measure six components of orthodontic force again simultaneously, this is very difficult in actual measurement, because bracket is a space three-dimensional in the position, if measuring mechanism and this bracket position are mated fully, measuring mechanism must have the parts that measuring cell can six-freedom degree be moved, and this mechanism is a more complicated, and tooth mould size is smaller, does not have the space to hold complicated mechanism; Simultaneously because want ergometry that six components are arranged, measuring mechanism must have corresponding six independent measuring cells, therefore measurement component also is very complicated, and this utility model is by a simple mechanism, moving-member and measuring cell are merged, reduced physical dimension, and easy and simple to handle, realized the real-time measurement of orthodontic force, for just abnormal theoretical research and clinical manipulation provide strong guidance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of measuring device.

Fig. 2 is the measuring device partial enlarged drawing.

Fig. 3 is six degree of freedom bulb, ball cover, end cover structure sketch map.

The specific embodiment

The orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro device, comprise a support plate 2 that has T-slot 1 and bolt, probe as the mark location device for being installed on the T-slot 1, two that link to each other with support plate 2 and on support plate, be oppositely arranged perpendicular end plates 3, have two holes on described two perpendicular end plates 3, four bolts 4 match with four holes on two perpendicular end plates respectively and are installed on the perpendicular end plate 3, and a nut 5 is housed at each bolt one end, the other end of described four bolts and the bulb of six degree of freedom 6 pin joints, bulb 6 is installed on the ball cover 7, ball cover 7 is connected with end cap 8 usefulness bolts, four springs 9 are connected with end cap 8, and described space measurement device is by guideway 10, guide rail slide block 11, vertical ranging rod 12, horizontal ranging rod 13 and the probe 14 that is installed on the horizontal ranging rod are formed.

The using method of above-mentioned measuring device is, at first use silica gel or alginate to align abnormal patient and carry out clinical delivery, adopt Gypsum Fibrosum that institute's impression taking is turned over and be that the bracket position that formpiston, plaster model solidify on the tooth of back carries out labelling, and bracket polishing gone, bondingly same bracket; Bonding colligation good plaster model is placed on the T type groove 1 of support plate 2 and fixes, and with the position that is installed in the probe mark plaster model on the T-slot 1, and labelling is carried out in the position of the bracket that will measure with bolt.Plaster model is cut, the tooth that needs are measured is cut apart mutually with other parts of plaster model, again with its amalgamation; According to just abnormal clinical state, with the orthodontic bow-wire colligation in bracket; Whole model is installed on the support plate 2, again plaster model is positioned according to previous labelling, and the plaster model of tooth is fixed by the bolt on the support plate, select four springs 9 to hang on four angles on the bracket, come retract bolt 4 by rotating nut 5 then, bolt and bulb 6 pin joints, bulb six is installed on the ball cover 7, and ball cover 7 is connected with end cap 8 usefulness bolts.End cap 8 is connected with spring 9, can move along three rotary freedoms between ball cover and the bulb, hole on bolt and the perpendicular end plate 3 cooperatively interacts, make bolt to move along axis along the hole on the end plate 3, can not sway, therefore rotating nut 5 can only make spring move along the definite rectilinear direction of end points that bulb and spring link to each other with bracket, can not produce moving of rotation and other directions; The form and position tolerance of bulb 6 and ball cover 7 is selected to guarantee the center of the axis of spring by bulb; Can make bracket move to the position of previous labelling by moving of four springs 9, at this moment to measure and note the elongation of spring and contrast size with the pulling force that obtains to apply on the spring with the size of demarcating from mark position; Obtain the space coordinates of two end points of every spring by the probe 14 of traverse measuring device, by calculating the direction that can obtain every axle of spring, it is the direction of the application of force on the spring, therefore the size and Orientation of the power on four springs is all determined, the theory by rational mechanics and high theory of mechanisms can synthesize these four power spatial one and make a concerted effort and a resultant couple.

The measuring device of locus is equivalent to a three-coordinates measuring machine, by a vertical ranging rod guide rail 12 and a horizontal ranging rod 13 that is installed on the support plate 2, guide rail slide block 11, guideway 10 and the probe 14 that can rotate on horizontal ranging rod 13 are formed, probe can effectively reduce or eliminate the measurement blind area because have rotary freedom, on three guide rails magnetic railings ruler will be installed and realize measurement of coordinates, setting angle instrument on the rotating shaft of gage outfit can be calculated the locus coordinate of measurement point by the size of the reading of magnetic railings ruler and inclinometer and gage outfit.This measuring device is equivalent to a special tooth mould measuring device, the tooth relative displacement that also can be used for measuring two tooth mould correspondences.

Only be preferred implementation of the present utility model below, should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art that under the prerequisite that does not break away from this utility model principle, can also make some distortion and improvement, these also are considered as belonging to protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro equipment, it is characterized in that: comprise the model clamping and positioning device, the mark location device, device for measuring force, coordinate measuring set, described clamping and positioning device is one to have the support plate (2) of T-slot (1) and bolt, described mark location device, device for measuring force, coordinate measuring set is installed on the support plate (2), described device for measuring force comprises force application apparatus and four springs (9), force application apparatus is connected with four springs (9), and described space measurement device is by guideway (10), guide rail slide block (11), vertical ranging rod (12), horizontal ranging rod (13) and the probe (14) that is installed on the horizontal ranging rod (13) are formed.

2. a kind of orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mark location device is for being installed in the probe on the T-slot (1).

3. a kind of orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mark location device is for being installed in the bolt on the clamping and positioning device support plate (2).

4. according to the described a kind of orthodontic force of oral cavity in vitro equipment of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described force application apparatus comprises two that link to each other with support plate (2) and be oppositely arranged perpendicular end plates (3) on support plate (2), have two holes on described two perpendicular end plates (3), four bolts (4) match with four holes on two perpendicular end plates (3) respectively and are installed on the perpendicular end plate (3), and a nut (5) is housed at each bolt (4) one end, bulb (6) pin joint of the other end of described four bolts (4) and six degree of freedom, described six degree of freedom bulb (6) is installed on the ball cover (7), and ball cover (7) is connected with bolt with end cap (8).

Images