Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of liquid crystal light and shade automatic shading sunglasses, this sunglasses will not be divided into a plurality of zones by liquid crystal lens, only the dynamic control that can be in the light according to the realization part, orientation of intense light source automatically on the eyeglass of a slice conducting film electrode is all arranged on the two sides, and have simple in structure, the characteristics that volume is little.
The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is: the utility model is provided with spectacle frame, and be contained in liquid crystal lens, controller and battery on the spectacle frame, two faces of described liquid crystal lens have the conducting film of layer of transparent respectively, constitute liquid crystal electrode, and two electrodes are electrically connected with the control end of controller; The controller input end is connected to illuminance sensor, to the transducing signal of controller input ambient light illumination; The controller input end is connected to optic angle degree sensor, to the angle sensor signal of controller input external light source.
Principle of work of the present utility model is:
Controller calculates the extraneous intensity of illumination and the incident angle of intense light source by illuminance sensor and optic angle degree sensor, when illuminance during greater than setting threshold, controller is according to the angle of light source, the filaments of sun control voltage that is higher than the upper limit critical value of the responsive control zone control of the even transmittance of eyeglass voltage to liquid crystal lens output one, at this moment, one blanking bar can appear in the eyeglass top that human eye is seen, and this blanking bar can move down with the further rising of voltage, controller can be according to the light-source angle that calculates, automatically the blanking bar of human eye being seen by corresponding filaments of sun control voltage moves on to the position of blocking this light source, plays the effect of blocking high light automatically.
The front was once stated, in the prior art, people utilize the liquid crystal characteristic that even transmittance can reduce with the rising of voltage in certain control voltage range that the penetrability of liquid crystal lens is controlled, promptly evenly in the responsive control zone of transmittance liquid crystal transmittance is being controlled, because after voltage is elevated to responsive control zone control upper voltage limit critical value, evenly transmittance promptly can be not again continue to change with the rising of voltage, so the control voltage to liquid crystal generally all is limited in below the upper limit critical value of the responsive control zone control of even transmittance voltage in the prior art.
But the utility model is noticed a kind of like this physical phenomenon: after control voltage is raised to more than the upper limit critical value, though the even transmittance of whole eyeglass is no longer controlled, but because the angular characteristics of liquid crystal cell and polaroid, when human eye is seen the external world by liquid crystal lens, the shadow striped band that can occur an arch by the top of the eyeglass of an angle setting, and this blanking bar can move down with the further rising of voltage, this blanking bar is relevant with the view directions of human eye, with the range-independence of glasses, so the custom that can wear glasses because of different people and difference occurs not from human eye.
Need to prove: when liquid crystal lens when human eye is very near, although this blanking bar also can present by other direction, but can by rotation this blanking bar fully be presented by horizontal direction according to the directivity of eyeglass, the width that striped presents depends on the distance between eyeglass and human eye.Based on normal distance to lens surface, there is a central angle in the central authorities of striped, and central angle does not depend on the distance between human eye and eyeglass.If the shadow striped is a level, central angle does not change according to the distance between human eye central authorities and the eyeglass top.Therefore, the position that the shadow striped occurs on eyeglass is independently, is not subjected to the mode that glasses wear and the influence of wearer face shape, and every pair of glasses can be worn at large, and need not require that the relative position of regulating between human eye and the eyeglass recalibrates.
The utility model utilizes this characteristic just, when ambient light is strong, utilization is higher than the filaments of sun control voltage of the responsive control zone control of average even transmittance upper voltage limit critical value, is controlled at the position that the filaments of sun occur on the eyeglass, reaches the purpose of dynamically blocking some direction high light.
The new sunglasses of this practicality needn't be to the liquid crystal lens zoning, just can be implemented in the eyeglass part and dynamically block the automatic control of certain orientation high light, and different people is not required the relative position of regulating between human eye and the eyeglass, easy to use, and have simple in structure, the advantage that volume is little.
Specific embodiments
Optic angle degree sensor that this is routine and illuminance sensor are combined light inductors that comprises optic angle degree sensor and illuminance sensor, and the normal of this combination photoelectric sensor light receiving plane overlaps with the normal of liquid crystal lens.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, this routine spectacle frame 1 middle part is provided with cavity 9, combined light inductor 4 is embedded in the position of front, spectacle frame middle part cavity opening, and the printed circuit board (PCB) 5 that controller 6 is set places in the cavity of being close to combined light inductor 4 rear portions, bonnet 8 sealings that cavity 9 after-opening positions are embedded into;
Usually the liquid crystal lens of sunglasses can be provided with 1, also can be provided with 2, this example is provided with left and right two liquid crystal lens, spectacle frame 1 middle part is provided with the crossbeam 2 that connects left and right liquid crystal lens 3, the described cavity 9 that holds controller is located on the crossbeam 2, left and right liquid crystal lens is embedded in respectively in the left and right picture frame of spectacle frame setting, and left and right picture frame is connected as a single entity by crossbeam.
Liquid crystal lens is made of left and right two positivity TN-liquid crystal lens 3, and each eyeglass is provided with a pair of pin, and two relative with being in eyeglass respectively lip-deep electrodes are electrically connected.The polarization direction of front and back two polaroids of this liquid crystal lens is mutually orthogonal, and becomes miter angle in horizontal direction.
Usually the filaments of sun that can by rotational angle liquid crystal lens be occurred more than upper limit critical value voltage according to the directivity of liquid crystal be level to.
The eyeglass of any other type if the angle of minimum transmitance is the function of the voltage that applies, also can be the substitute of liquid crystal lens.To applying control voltage between two transparency conducting layers, electric field causes reorientating of liquid crystal particle, in certain incident angle scope, reduces the transmitance of light.
Controller comprises printed circuit board (PCB) and the integrated circuit control chip that is contained on the printed circuit board (PCB), and battery is electrically connected with the integrated circuit control chip by printed circuit board (PCB) with the electrode of liquid crystal lens.
Adopt the digital integrated circuit control chip can have the advantage that volume is little, power consumption is few.
Further, this routine integrated circuit control chip has adopted the integrated cpu chip of intelligentized numeral.
Cpu chip uses Texas Instruments company product, and model is MSP43OF2012, and this cpu chip has contained analogue-to-digital converters.Also have a lot of other cpu chips to can be used as suitable substitute, the microcontroller that has contained operational amplifier also can be used as a selection, and as the product of TexasInstruments company, its model is MSP430F2234.Control circuit can be designed as the combination of using logic gate and amplifier, and replaces the use of microcontroller
Cpu chip and other static electronic component are welded on the printed circuit board (PCB), pin on the cpu chip is connected with bigger electrical bonding pads on the circuit board by fine rule, pin on the described liquid crystal lens is electrically connected with cpu chip by electrical bonding pads respectively, pad on the circuit board preferably pin with pairing liquid crystal lens is adjacent, pin and pad can directly weld, and also can connect by other parts or wire bonds
Referring to Fig. 3,6 of cpu chips are on described printed circuit board (PCB) 5 plate face backward, and printed circuit board (PCB) plate face forward is close to combined light inductor 4.
Be respectively equipped with the hole 10 that is communicated with the both sides picture frame in crossbeam cavity 9 both sides, electric connector 7 is housed respectively in the hole of both sides, electric connector one end is electrically connected with pin on the described liquid crystal lens 3, the other end is electrically connected with the control voltage output end of cpu chip by the electrical bonding pads on the circuit board, for anti-sealing enters cavity, the sealing of hole 10 usefulness encapsulants, bonnet 8 is with cavity 9 rear seal.
Referring to Fig. 6, optic angle degree sensor that this is routine and illuminance sensor are to have adopted a combined light inductor that comprises optic angle degree detector and illuminance sensor, this photoelectric transducer element is provided with a photoelectric tube PA and PB respectively in conplane top and the bottom, be provided with a shadow shield vertical in the middle of two photoelectric tubes with this plane, constitute two photometric measurers, the photocurrent output terminal of two photometric measurers is electrically connected with the cpu chip input end by printed circuit board (PCB).
The normal of this photoelectric transducer element light receiving surface overlaps with the normal of liquid crystal lens, when incident light impinges perpendicularly on this photoelectric sensing unit, the photosensitive area of two photoelectric tubes is identical, the photocurrent Ia that detects equates with Ib, when incident light with normal θ incident at an angle the time, under the influence of shadow shield, effective photosensitive area of two photoelectric tubes is unequal, photocurrent Ia, Ib is also unequal, the amount that this sensor forms (Ia-Ib)/(Ia+Ib) (see figure 7) that is directly proportional with incident angle θ, so constitute the angle sensor signal, cpu chip calculates this amount can try to achieve incident angle of light θ, value (Ia+Ib) then is proportional to the illumination of sunshine, constitutes the illumination transducing signal; Cpu chip calculates this amount can obtain average light illumination.The maximum detection angles of this sensor is positive and negative 50 degree.
The Part No. that this example adopts Hamamatsu Photonics company to provide is that the S6560 product is as above-mentioned optic angle degree sensor and illuminance sensor, the illuminance that it can be sensed according to each photodiode, output current is to two output pins of sensor.
The alternative means of the sensor can be: the combination of any other photodetector, if can sense intensity of illumination and incident angle, also can be used as angle probe and illuminance inductor, can respond to visible light and ultraviolet photodiode for two, its combination can be used as the substitute of S6560 detector.Detector to the position sensor sensitivity, CCD (charge-coupled device (CCD)) array, or the measurement of angle sensitive detector of other form can substitute the two photodiodes in the angle probe.Operational amplifier can be converted to voltage signal with each current signal, and the analog to digital converter in the microcontroller is a digital signal with all analog signal conversion, and therefore the direction of light source and the intensity of illumination are calculated.Another selection is, the voltage by each photodiode can directly measure, and do not need the conversion of such electric current and voltage.Angle probe also can be substituted by manual adjustments control device such as pot.
Fig. 8 is illustrated in the angular characteristics of TN class LCDs under a series of control voltages, the transmitance of liquid crystal lens is the function that is added in the voltage difference on the eyeglass, along with the rising of on-load voltage, the angle of minimum transmitance (being the angle that on the eyeglass human eye is produced blanking bar) can be near an angle that arrives lens surface usually.
Aforesaid optic angle degree, optical sensor and liquid crystal lens are contained on the sunglasses, the sensor normal is overlapped with the lens normal, and cpu chip calculates intense light source incident angle θ with respect to normal on eyeglass according to the value of sensor signal (Ia-Ib)/(Ia+Ib).
Because the blanking bar that produces on the liquid crystal lens is only relevant with the view directions of human eye, with the range-independence of human eye, so controller can be selected control voltage according to the angular characteristics that Fig. 8 shows to eyeglass.
For example: the incident angle θ that goes out the relative eyeglass normal of intense light source according to the angle sensor calculated signals when controller is 30 when spending, according to Fig. 8 as can be known: when selecting 2.4 volts of voltages, concerning human eye, at the eyeglass upward angle of visibility is that the 30 regional transmittances of spending are very low, form the blanking bar district, other regional transmittance increases, and forms the area pellucida, promptly is chosen as 2.4 volts so control voltage this moment.And existence one density transition region (referring to Figure 10) between the light and shade district.
Fig. 9 illustrates the correlativity between light penetration and the incident angle, the intensity and the incident angle of combined light inductor 4 probing lights 11, if light intensity surpasses a limit value, liquid crystal lens is activated the light that blocks the incident angle of light 13 core incident angles 12 that measure.Light on from other angular illumination to liquid crystal lens as the light from incident angle 14, can pass through eyeglass, and its transmitance is similar with the transmitance that is in the liquid crystal lens of starting state not.To user, blocked by a shadow striped from the high light at light source place, and other zone has just kept a visual field that does not have deepening.
Add DC voltage to LCDs and can cause ion to move, lower the life-span of LCDs, so be AC controling signal the liquid crystal lens loading.
The filaments of sun control voltage that this example provides is the alternating voltage that frequency is identical, dutycycle is identical, can regulate the height of its effective value by regulating its dutycycle, amplitude or phase place in-migration.
Figure 11 is this routine control waveform figure.
What battery was imported cpu chip is DC voltage, this example utilizes cpu chip and output control terminal able to programme thereof that direct current is become interchange, be added on two control electrodes of liquid crystal, if do the liquid crystal control end with ground of cpu chip and an output terminal, then can not satisfy the requirement that the liquid crystal needs exchange control, this example utilizes two output terminals control liquid crystal can satisfy requirement to AC controling signal.As shown in figure 11, when cell output voltage is V0, the operating voltage of cpu chip is V0 just, and its A output terminal can output amplitude be the square wave of v0 by programmed control, equally to the B output terminal, by programmed control can output amplitude be the square wave of V0, but phase place and A end differ 180 degree, and the A end has just become AC signal with the voltage difference conversion in time of B end, satisfy liquid crystal control requirement, and the output of square wave can be finished with the timer conter in the cpu chip by software programming.
Nearly step this control circuit of ground need be according to the operating voltage on the being added in cpu chip, and substep is controlled the square wave amplitude of two output terminal and mutual phase place, produces required interchange control voltage.
When intensity of illumination is higher than a limit value, microcontroller produces two signals, is added in first signal on first output pin, changes between the reference ground voltage of microcontroller and supply voltage; Second signal on second output pin changes and first signal out-phase between the reference ground voltage of microcontroller and supply voltage, and keeps fixing differing.The dutycycle of two signals is chosen to produce the standard deviation effective voltage value of needs.When intensity of illumination is lower than limit value, when being added in effective voltage value on the microcontroller and being not enough to start it, microcontroller sends with reference to ground voltage to two output pin.
Fig. 5 is the program flow chart of present embodiment control system, and angle probe is surveyed incident angle of light, if light intensity numerical value is enough high, then microprocessor starts.Microprocessor is gathered simulated data from angle probe, and by its analogue-to-digital converters, data are converted to numerical data, the incident angle by calculating light and the corresponding dutycycle of output signal, generation is to the filaments of sun control voltage of liquid crystal lens output, make the relevant position place of eyeglass banded shadow striped occur, thereby block light from this incident angle.
Control voltage to the liquid crystal lens output filaments of sun according to the following steps successively for this cpu chip:
Step 1
To cpu chip input service voltage threshold, it is directly proportional with the critical value of illuminance;
Step 2
When illuminance was lower than its critical value, the input voltage of this cpu chip was lower than described operating voltage threshold value, did not then start, and the electrode of described liquid crystal lens does not have the input of control voltage;
Step 3
When illuminance is higher than its critical value, the input voltage value of the cpu chip that photocurrent Ia+Ib forms is greater than the operating voltage threshold value, cpu chip starts, to square wave voltage signal that frequency, dutycycle are all set of an electrode output of liquid crystal lens, execution in step 4 simultaneously;
Step 4,
Be calculated as follows incident angle θ: θ=K* (Ia-Ib)/(Ia+Ib); Wherein K is a 60-90 setting value;
Step 5
Another electrode output frequency to liquid crystal lens is identical, out-phase keeps setting the square wave voltage signal that differs, the liquid crystal lens electrode has been applied interchange control voltage with certain effective value, make the transmitance in the described liquid crystal lens zone of this incident light θ correspondence descend a lot, form the dark space, light on from other angular illumination to liquid crystal lens then can see through more, forms relative area pellucida;
Above-mentioned embodiment can realize:
When illuminance is higher than setting threshold, controller output is higher than the filaments of sun control voltage of the responsive control zone control of the even transmittance of eyeglass upper voltage limit critical value, position according to filaments of sun appearance on the high light incident angle control eyeglass, play the effect of blocking high light, when illuminance is lower than setting threshold, controller does not have the output of filaments of sun control voltage, and eyeglass is in not slave mode.
The situation that also illuminance can be lower than setting threshold is arranged to the state of a control to the even penetrability of eyeglass, and its method is:
When illuminance was lower than setting threshold: controller was exported even light according to intensity of illumination and is controlled voltage thoroughly, the even penetrability of control eyeglass, described even light are controlled magnitude of voltage thoroughly between the upper limit critical value and lower limit critical value of the responsive control zone control of the even transmittance of eyeglass voltage.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; be not that the utility model is done any pro forma restriction; every foundation technical spirit of the present utility model all still belongs to the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.