CN201221947Y - New sea wave observation apparatus - Google Patents
New sea wave observation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN201221947Y CN201221947Y CNU2008201027232U CN200820102723U CN201221947Y CN 201221947 Y CN201221947 Y CN 201221947Y CN U2008201027232 U CNU2008201027232 U CN U2008201027232U CN 200820102723 U CN200820102723 U CN 200820102723U CN 201221947 Y CN201221947 Y CN 201221947Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel sea wave observation instrument, and two antennas for respectively receiving right-hand polarized direct waves and left-hand polarized reflected waves reflected via the sea surface are utilized in a method of the instrument. Two GNSS receivers sharing a clock synchronously receive signals of the right-hand polarized direct waves and the left-hand polarized reflected waves from the two antennas respectively, the signals pass through a RF front-end of the GNSS receiver, then data flow is obtained via low-noise amplification, filtration, orthogonal mixing and IF digital sampling upon the signals, the data flow is input into a baseband processor sequentially, thereby obtaining carrier phase, code phase and Doppler frequency shift of the direct wave and the reflected wave, and the height from the sea to the antenna is obtained via data inversion. As a special chip in the baseband processor of the instrument manages to capture and track the GPS signals, and 200,000 correlators are adopted for the special chip to fast capture and track the signals at a high speed, the sensitivity is increased by above 10db comparing with general GPS receivers.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of wave observation device, particularly relates to a kind of brand-new wave observation procedure and device thereof.
Background technology
At present, existing wave monitoring means is a lot, but all has certain defective respectively:
(1) buoy wave instrument: can't use in the stronger marine site of ocean current.Buoy is subjected to the constraint of anchor chain, and measuring error is bigger.Can only measure the wave of single-point.
(2) aerosphere type acoustics wave instrument: need to rely on fixing infield, use and be subjected to certain restriction.And mounting platform tends to wave is produced destruction.Can only measure the wave of single-point.
(3) bottom-sitting type underwater sound wave instrument: measuring error is big under the billow situation, has limited its range of application.If the realization real time on-line monitoring must debark by pull-in cable, the laying of cable and maintenance are all very difficult.Can only measure the wave of single-point.
(4) pressure type wave instrument: the wave that can't measure high frequency.If the realization real time on-line monitoring must debark by pull-in cable, the laying of cable and maintenance are all very difficult.Can only measure the wave of single-point.
(5) optics wave instrument: can't use at night, can't use in the greasy weather, measuring error is bigger under the billow situation.Instrument measuring precision is influenced greatly by observation person's experience and subjectivity, and peopleware is very big to the observed result influence.Can't realize automatic monitoring.Observation personnel workload is big.Can only measure the wave of single-point.
(6) navar wave instrument: cost an arm and a leg, influenced seriously by precipitation.Can't accurately measure under the situation of moderate rain or heavy rain.In such west bank, the ocean country of China, tropical storm is most important Oceanic disasters weather, and this instrument can't use just in the case, therefore uses to have little significance.
(7) ground wave radar wave instrument: price is extremely expensive, though the energy measurement wave, the precision of measuring is verified well that as yet the data accuracy is also not exclusively reliable.
(8) microwave altitude gauge: the significant wave height of the wave on line under the energy measurement satellite orbit only, it is also more serious than navar wave instrument influenced by precipitation.As the satellite remote sensing means, time and spatial coverage are all very low, can not realize the continuous intensive observation in the whole world.
(9) synthetic-aperture radar: price is extremely expensive.Though be the satellite remote sensing means, be difficult to realize the observation in the whole world.
A kind of GPS wave instrument Oceanpal (as shown in Figure 1) that commonly uses is that Spain Starlab company produces, and it is a software GPS receiver, is made up of two slave antennas 1 ' and front-end module 2 '.Left-hand polarized antenna 11 ' down receives the sea surface reflection ripple, up be that right-handed polarized antenna 12 ' receives direct wave.Front end output 16MHz intermediate frequency data stream.Observation data is sent into computing machine and is used software processes.Software section is finished the catching, follow the tracks of of gps signal, and follows the tracks of to comprise thick tracking, and frequency interval 100Hz and thin tracking frequencies be 2Hz two parts at interval.After semaphore lock, four above satellite-signals that the receiver utilization receives position and provide the elevation angle and the position angle of reflected signal, generate 0 grade of data.It has comprised the plural waveform correlation of direct wave and reflection wave, and locator data.0 grade of data is stored in the computing machine off-line processing.Obtain sea significant wave height (SWH) and sea average height from 0 grade of data computation.Oceanpal wave instrument adopts the software receiver processing mode, has flexibility characteristics.But this receiver can not continuous working, i.e. this Instrument observation after a minute stops observation and begins with computer software observed result to be handled, and obtains 0 grade of data.Data processing generally needs 1-3 minute processing time, and 0 grade of data to be generated and writing after the file are carried out wave observation next time again.Secondly, Oceanpal wave instrument is the C/A coded signal that receives GPS, adopts relevant the processing to calculate SWH's.The measuring accuracy of C/A sign indicating number is the poorest in the GPS locator meams.Therefore, this instrument weak point is to provide Continuous Observation data and precision to be restricted.
The utility model content
A purpose of the present utility model just provides a kind of brand-new ocean wave observation instrument that can export wave height and period of wave, the high and low power consumption of precision, noncontact continuously, be convenient to installation and maintenance, have all weather operations ability.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present utility model is:
The utility model is a kind of brand-new ocean wave observation instrument, and it comprises two slave antennas, two-way GNSS receiver, baseband processor, data processing and control device; Two slave antennas are respectively the dextrorotation antenna that receives the right-hand polarization direct wave and receive the left-handed antenna of the left-handed polarization reflection wave of process sea surface reflection, this dextrorotation antenna is connected two-way respectively with left-handed antenna can carry out the receiver front end that filtering, amplification, mixing and IF simulating signal adopt GNSS to high-frequency signal, GNSS receiver output terminal connect can catch to received signal, the input end of the baseband processor of tracking and location Calculation, baseband processor connects data processing and control device by USB interface.
Described baseband processor comprises baseband processing chip ATR0621.
Described GNSS receiver comprises low noise amplifier, comb filter, RF integrated circuit; The output terminal of described low noise amplifier connects the input end of comb filter, and the output terminal of comb filter connects the input end of RF integrated circuit (IC) chip; Described low noise amplifier adopts the ATR0610 chip, and the RF integrated circuit (IC) chip adopts the ATR0601 chip.
Described antenna adopts the high-acruracy survey antenna of 0 phase center, and low noise gain adds antenna gain 28db altogether.
After adopting such scheme, the utlity model has following advantage:
(1) the utility model utilizes hardware to finish software processing part in the Oceanpal wave instrument (as shown in Figure 1), and promptly the data processing of intermediate frequency data stream adopts intermediate frequency baseband processor special chip to finish catching, following the tracks of gps signal.It utilizes 200,000 correlators to realize that speed is very fast, and improves more than the 10db than the sensitivity of general GPS receiver to the catching fast and following the tracks of of signal.The technical elements that adopts belongs to highly sensitive reception.
(2) the utility model output is the carrier data of GPS, belongs to the accurate technique in aspect, location, helps improving the wave measurement precision.
(3) the utility model can use abundant Navsat resource (what use at present is global position system GPS, can also use the autonomous navigational satellite system Big Dipper of European navigational satellite system Galileo and China future No. two, also might use Muscovite navigational satellite system GLONASS), have cheapness, low-power consumption, noncontact, be convenient to installation and maintenance, have all weather operations ability, be not subjected to the plurality of advantages such as influence of weather conditions.When using, can observe the nearshore wave situation in the certain limit on the bank.At sea platform (for example offshore oil platform) uses the wave in about 1 kilometer range of observation platform periphery.
(4) the utility model adopts the method for direct signal and reflected signal simultaneous observation to obtain the true altitude of antenna to the sea.The receiver scheme adopts carrier phase signal to measure wave height, distance accuracy can be brought up to a centimetre magnitude, and precision is higher.
(5) the utility model proposes use and through the highest ultrasonic wave instrument of aerosphere type of measuring accuracy of laboratory inspection this instrument is carried out field test at present.
(6) the utility model proposes the on-the-spot rain gage synchro measure precipitation intensity data of using, have all weather operations ability, be not subjected to the influence of precipitation with checking navigational satellite reflected signal wave-height gauge.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is further described.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structured flowchart of commonly using the wave instrument;
Fig. 2 is a structured flowchart of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of the present utility model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model is a kind of brand-new ocean wave observation instrument, and it comprises two slave antennas 1, two-way GNSS receiver 2, baseband processor 3, data processing and control device 4.
Two slave antennas 1 are respectively the dextrorotation antenna 11 that receives the right-hand polarization direct wave and receive the left-handed antenna 12 of the left-handed polarization reflection wave of process sea surface reflection, this dextrorotation antenna 11 is connected the front end that two-way can carry out the GNSS receiver 21,22 of filtering, amplification, mixing and IF simulating signal to high-frequency signal respectively with left-handed antenna 12, GNSS receiver 21,22 output terminals connect can catch to received signal, the input end of the baseband processor 3 of tracking and location Calculation, baseband processor 3 connects data processing and control device 4 by USB interface.
As shown in Figure 3, described baseband processor 3 comprises digital circuit baseband processing chip ATR0621, and additional RTC crystal oscillator, flash memory, control circuit etc.The core of digital baseband device 3 is highly integrated baseband processing chip ATR0621, and it comprises a serial ports, GPS correlator hardware, RAM, ROM, reserce cell RAM etc.
Described GNSS receiver 2 comprises low noise amplifier 21, comb filter 22, RF integrated circuit 23; The output terminal of described low noise amplifier 21 connects the input end of comb filter 22, and the output terminal of comb filter 22 connects the input end of RF integrated circuit (IC) chip 23.Described low noise amplifier 21 adopts the ATR0610 chip, and RF integrated circuit 23 adopts the ATR0601 chip.
Described antenna 1 adopts the high-acruracy survey antenna of 0 phase center, and low noise gain adds antenna gain 28db altogether.
The core technology of this device is to have adopted (200,000) correlator of flood tide, enter the signal of Base-Band Processing, directly carry out relevant with local pseudo-random code, because correlator quantity is many, so the in time carrier phase of tracking signal and Doppler shift, be implemented under the multipath propagation conditions, trace into useful feeble signal.
Observation principle of the present utility model:
Bank base observation station is fixed, and GNSS satellite distance ground 20200km so in about 20 minutes observation times, sea surface observation is put first Fresnel radius and changed in several meters scopes, measures and is equal to the fixed point sea basically and measures.
For a concrete reflection spot, this device carries out 10 observation p.s., Continuous Observation is after a period of time, can obtain the time-varying sequence data that sea level height changes, these data are analyzed, just can obtain the wave height and the period of wave of each wave, again all waves are carried out statistical study, just can obtain maximum wave height, corresponding cycle of maximum ripple, 1/10 big wave height, corresponding cycle of 1/10 big ripple, 1/3 big wave height, corresponding cycle of 1/3 big ripple, mean wave height and average period of wave.
Generally speaking, receiver can observe the direct wave of 8-12 gps satellite and the signal of reflection wave, and the position of the reflection spot of different satellites has nothing in common with each other, and that is to say, in fact this wave instrument can obtain the wave height field in the certain limit, and is not only the observation of fixed point.
The check of apparatus measures performance also is very important work, and this instrument is subjected to the restriction of its measuring principle, can't test in the laboratory, must carry out field test.The utility model adopts the highest ultrasonic wave instrument of aerosphere type of measuring accuracy of process laboratory inspection at present that this instrument is carried out field test.
In addition, this instrument belongs to the microwave remote sensing instrument, though in theory, it is little that the navigation satellite signal that works in L-band is influenced by precipitation, do not obtain the confirmation of field data as yet.The utility model adopts on-the-spot rain gage synchro measure precipitation intensity data, has all weather operations ability with checking navigational satellite reflected signal wave-height gauge.
As shown in Figure 2, observation procedure of the present utility model, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) two slave antenna 1 receives the right-hand polarization direct wave respectively, and the left-handed polarization reflection wave of process sea surface reflection;
(2) two-way GNSS receiver 2 shared clocks receive right-hand polarization direct wave and left-handed polarization reflection wave signal from two slave antennas respectively synchronously, realize the simultaneous observation of two paths of signals; Signal obtains data stream through low noise amplification, filtering, quadrature mixing, intermediate frequency digital sample again through the RF front end of GNSS receiver 2;
(3) data stream enters baseband processor 3 respectively, obtains the data such as the elevation angle that carrier wave, code phase, Doppler shift, locator data and electric wave arrive receiver, and these data editions are become the file of corresponding format, and this file is called 0 grade of file.Import 0 grade of data at last, obtain the wave height of wave of the sea and period of wave etc. by computed in software.
The direct wave L of described measurement and the phase place of reflection wave L (is unit with rice) can be expressed as follows:
L
Direct wave=r
Geometric distance+ r
The ionosphere time delay+ r
The troposphere time delay+ ε
1 measures noise(1)
L
Reflection wave=r
Geometric distance+ r
Additional propagation distance+ r
The ionosphere time delay+ r
The troposphere time delay+ ε
2 measure noise
In the following formula: r
Geometric distanceBe meant the distance of GNSS satellite to the observation station antenna phase center.r
Additional propagation distanceBe meant electric wave through the relative direct wave of the sea surface reflection distances of propagating, it is relevant with geometric parameters such as observation station height and wave angles more.Data processing section is by handling the carrier difference of direct wave and reflection wave measurement and smoothly, obtaining r
Additional propagation distance, from off sea data such as height of wave angle, observation station of measuring.Reflected signal and direct signal time delay obtain as follows through difference:
ΔL＝2hsinθ+ε (2)
H represents off sea height of observation station.θ is the corresponding elevation angle of mirror reversal exit point.ε represents the atmosphere time delay.This value can utilize local meteorologic parameter to estimate, also can obtain from other approach.Observe the tropospheric propagation time delay greatly about a centimetre magnitude for the bank base.Because wave measurement only need be known the relative value of distance, rather than absolute value, therefore,, just can not go to consider as long as the coastal waters is constant substantially in the face of the time delay of fluid layer.
The principle of work of this device:
The intensity that gps signal arrives earth surface is-130dbm that it is than the low 19db of thermonoise.The GPS receiver of standard is increased to 20ms with the signal integration time, tracking signal can be dropped to-150dbm like this.The utility model adopts high sensitivity GPS receiver that input signal is increased integral time, and the tracking level drops to-160dbm.High sensitive receiver (additional 10db sensitivity is provided) also can compensate the miniature antenna gain problem.For receiving sea return, antenna mainly receives the signal of multipath.It can be inner with the faint multipath signal of strong signal suppressing at receiver channel, and best range of receiving is provided.GPS wave instrument for the bank base, the receiver received signal mainly is first Fresnel band of reflector space, for the observation platform that is lower than 50m, the radius of first Fresnel band approximately is between 6 to 12m, that is to say that the zone of the main energy source that receives is the mirror scattered signal that wave of the sea causes in this radius.And main signal comes in this zone, and all the other regional signals are smaller, can be by the next signal in other zone of strong signal suppressing.The circuit working principle of whole instrument is based on electric wave in the principle design of oversea propagation.
As shown in Figure 3, it is the monolateral circuit diagram of the utility model GPS wave instrument, Yi Bian be identical in addition.It is made up of three chip blocks and a portable computer.(1) the ART0610 chip is that the low noise that is used for the gps signal of antenna 1 input amplifies, and improves signal and noise ratio.Through the high-frequency signal after amplifying, through comb filter 2, the out-of-band noise of filtering gps signal.(2) then, signal is input to chip ATR0601, and it is a radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit, finish frequency transformation, A/D sampling, realization is a digital signal from analog signal conversion, it to amplify through the signal of filtering, quadrature mixing, intermediate frequency amplify and if sampling, generates the IF data stream.This chip block output digital medium-frequency signal, clock signal, power supply and AGC control.AGC control is for can be when the signal sampling, and signal level reaches than higher, helps improving the resolution of data processing.
(3) intermediate frequency data stream is input to the ATR0621 chip, its function be from input traffic to the pseudo-random code of GPS by carrying out relevant treatment with local code, realization is caught satellite-signal, next is that signal is followed the tracks of processing, with the time delay of local code and the signal alignment of Doppler shift and antenna input, obtain maximal correlation, realize tracking signal.Program, control of correlator, the data processing of flood tide etc. are arranged at chip internal, finish the catching of signal, tracking, location Calculation and the original observation data (comprising information such as carrier phase, code phase and Doppler shift) of output.
(4) these information are delivered to computing machine 4 by the USB import, and computing machine 4 calculates the position of acceptance point from the carrier wave and the code phase of four above satellites of observation, the elevation angle that electric wave arrives.Outgoing carrier, code phase and Doppler shift lamp original observed data, output is for the chronometer time pulse of using synchronously.The wave height of output wave and period of wave etc.
In addition, whole receiver is packaged into the shield member that two differences and structure separate and forms (Fig. 3).Left-hand component is RF, and the right is a Base-Band Processing.RF comprises low noise amplifier (LNA) and comb filter, and chip is ATR0610.The RF integrated circuit adopts the ATR0601 chip, and it also comprises a GPS crystal oscillator.ATR0601 is used for the IF Base-Band Processing.IF output is a 96.764MHz simulating signal, obtains 4.348MHz numeral IF by the 23.104MHz sample frequency.RF partly finishes 4 part tasks:
Low noise amplifies.The preliminary amplification of antenna input signal is provided.It has very low noise figure and one puts in advance, and its performance has determined the noise level of whole receiver.
Comb filter.Because the ATR0601 chip carries out comb filtering to input signal, suppress the image frequency component.
Frequency inverted.Input signal is converted to the frequency that is fit to digital IF processing.
The sampling of simulating signal.Simulating signal obtains the dynamic range of 1.5 bit resolutions through the A/D conversion.It adopts a crystal clock.Automatic gain control keeps the sampled signal input maximum.
Other explanation:
Patent of the present invention mainly is to attempt to adopt the two-way receiving cable to measure the carrier signal difference.GPS wave instrument adopts the related function of C/A sign indicating number at present, by the mistiming calculating wave height of related function.It is the measurement of coded signal, and this instrument adopts the carrier wave of received signal to measure, and precision can improve widely.Measure in order to satisfy carrier wave, the utility model has been selected a kind of receiver LEA-4T that can outgoing carrier information, and it can outgoing carrier and code phase data, obtains the information that sea level height changes.It finishes this part function by baseband processing chip ATR0621 chip.This class receiver adopts the high sensitivity reception technique, very high receiver acquisition sensitivity is not only arranged, and have good signal trace ability.This instrument can obtain the wave of the sea data continuously, and this is the function that present GPS wave instrument can't be realized.
Emphasis of the present utility model just is: adopt intermediate frequency baseband processor special chip to finish catching, following the tracks of gps signal.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of brand-new ocean wave observation instrument is characterized in that: it comprises two slave antennas, two-way GNSS receiver, baseband processor, data processing and control device; Two slave antennas are respectively the dextrorotation antenna that receives the right-hand polarization direct wave and receive the left-handed antenna of the left-handed polarization reflection wave of process sea surface reflection, this dextrorotation antenna is connected two-way respectively with left-handed antenna can carry out the receiver front end that filtering, amplification, mixing and IF simulating signal adopt GNSS to high-frequency signal, GNSS receiver output terminal connect can catch to received signal, the input end of the baseband processor of tracking and location Calculation, baseband processor connects data processing and control device by USB interface.
2, brand-new ocean wave observation instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described baseband processor comprises baseband processing chip ATR0621.
3, brand-new ocean wave observation instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described GNSS receiver comprises low noise amplifier, comb filter, RF integrated circuit; The output terminal of described low noise amplifier connects the input end of comb filter, and the output terminal of comb filter connects the input end of RF integrated circuit (IC) chip; Described low noise amplifier adopts the ATR0610 chip, and the RF integrated circuit (IC) chip adopts the ATR0601 chip.
4, brand-new ocean wave observation instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described antenna adopts the high-acruracy survey antenna of 0 phase center, and low noise gain adds antenna gain 28db altogether.
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| CNU2008201027232U CN201221947Y (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | New sea wave observation apparatus |
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| CNU2008201027232U CN201221947Y (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2008-06-17 | New sea wave observation apparatus |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101813476A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2010-08-25 | 天津大学 | Three-dimensional real-time monitoring system for offshore wave parameters |
| CN103135109A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Ultra wide band radar imaging method based on multipath signals |
| CN104677464A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | F-norm-based sea surface height measuring method |
| CN105241431A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 北京航大泰科信息技术有限公司 | GNSS reflected signal based integrated industrial control apparatus for detecting marine parameters |
| CN106441244A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 青岛地球软件技术有限公司 | Tide forecasting device based on satellite positioning system |
| CN109490906A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-19 | 武汉大学 | A kind of boat-carrying wave dynamic measurement device based on laser radar |
| CN113588688A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-02 | 田斌 | Device and method for evaluating ocean atmospheric waveguide potential energy based on satellite system |
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2008
- 2008-06-17 CN CNU2008201027232U patent/CN201221947Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101813476A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2010-08-25 | 天津大学 | Three-dimensional real-time monitoring system for offshore wave parameters |
| CN103135109A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Ultra wide band radar imaging method based on multipath signals |
| CN103135109B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-10-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Ultra wide band radar imaging method based on multipath signals |
| CN104677464A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | F-norm-based sea surface height measuring method |
| CN104677464B (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2017-11-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | High method is surveyed on a kind of sea based on F norms |
| CN105241431A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-13 | 北京航大泰科信息技术有限公司 | GNSS reflected signal based integrated industrial control apparatus for detecting marine parameters |
| CN105241431B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2019-01-04 | 北京航大泰科信息技术有限公司 | Integrated industry control device based on GNSS reflection signal detection ocean wave parameter |
| CN106441244A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-02-22 | 青岛地球软件技术有限公司 | Tide forecasting device based on satellite positioning system |
| CN106441244B (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-09-18 | 青岛地球软件技术有限公司 | A kind of tide prediction device based on global position system |
| CN109490906A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-19 | 武汉大学 | A kind of boat-carrying wave dynamic measurement device based on laser radar |
| CN109490906B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-12-16 | 武汉大学 | Shipborne wave dynamic measuring device based on laser radar |
| CN113588688A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-11-02 | 田斌 | Device and method for evaluating ocean atmospheric waveguide potential energy based on satellite system |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
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Granted publication date: 20090415 Termination date: 20130617 |