Residual current control monitoring and protecting device
Technical field
The utility model relate to a kind ofly be applied in 6, the total protector of 10KV distribution transformer low-pressure side line electrical leakage, specifically, relate to a kind of control monitoring residual current of low-voltage power grid protector.
Background technology
At present, according to the requirement of electric power system low-voltage technology rules, 6,10KV distribution transformer low-pressure side has generally been installed various types of aftercurrent action protecting equipments, but in actual motion, the protection effect of such protective device is not ideal, main cause is when human body touches phase line ground connection on the circuit, voltage that human body bears is current potential relatively, size of current by human body depends on that the human body self situation is (as height, age, fat or thin, health condition etc.) and the environment (as: soil resistivity in electric shock place, air humidity, in the water or high-altitude is medium); Can guarantee that personal safety is also relevant with action sensitivity, the trip time of protector, because the existence of these situations is difficult to the safety after the assurance person gets an electric shock; And for example some transient faults often take place in low voltage electric network, as bad weather, the branch short etc. that blows hard, all will cause the tripping operation of protector frequent movement;
Current, prior art can not be to the insulation situation live monitoring of operating low-voltage distribution network circuit, only breaking down has a power failure just can know, can not advanced processing, if when phase line earthing or zero grounding broken string or wire insulation taking place seriously reducing, search, also difficulty relatively of detection failure point, time-consuming taking a lot of work, effect are also undesirable, cause power supply reliability to reduce, influence social production life and daily life electricity consumption, particularly vast rural power grids are even more serious; Under all helpless situations, some places even protector is out of service can't reach the purpose that protector is installed, and the labour intensity that this has increased the electric power worker virtually also influences the image of electric power enterprise.
In order to overcome the above problems, people are seeking a kind of desirable technical solution always.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is at the deficiencies in the prior art; thereby provide a kind of design science, cost is low, power supply reliability is high, guarantee the residual current of low-voltage power grid control monitoring and protecting device of personal safety, it has overcome frequent tripping operation of existing residual current operated protective device and the non-detectable defective of operating line insulation.To achieve these goals; technical solutions of the utility model are: comprise the residual current control circuit; the zero line grounded inspection circuit; counter circuit; phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring circuit, overvoltage protection device, low-voltage load switch; and the normally open contact KE1 of the relay K E in the residual current controller, normally-closed contact KE2.
The residual current control circuit, comprise a zero sequence current mutual inductor TA, 2 resistors are respectively R1, R2, and 3 diodes are respectively V1, V2, V3, a capacitor C1, a comparison amplifier IC, 1 thyristor VS, 1 relay K E, 1 push-button switch SA, the normally-closed contact KE2 of relay K E; Zero sequence current mutual inductor has 4 terminations, is respectively primary side A1, A2, secondary side A3, A4; Comparison amplifier IC has 4 terminations, is respectively 1,2,3,4; Thyristor VS has 3 terminations, is respectively T1, T2, G; Zero sequence current mutual inductor first end A 1 is connected with one termination, normally closed KE2 contact of described relay K E, another termination of normally closed interlock KE2 of relay K E is serially connected among the secondary side winding neutral ground line DN of distribution transformer T, zero sequence current mutual inductor second end A 2 connects earth electrode, zero sequence current mutual inductor the 3rd end A 3 connects resistance R 1 respectively, R2 one termination, zero sequence current mutual inductor the 4th end A 4 respectively with resistance R 1 another termination, diode V1 positive pole, after connecting, the V2 negative pole connects 2 terminations of comparison amplifier IC, resistance R 2 another terminations respectively with diode V1 negative pole, the V2 positive pole, capacitor C1 one termination connects, another termination of capacitor C1 connects 1 termination of comparison amplifier IC, 4 terminations of comparison amplifier IC respectively with thyristor T1 termination, push-button switch SA1 one end connects back ground connection, the termination 3 of comparison amplifier IC connects diode V3 negative pole, V3 is anodal to be connected with the G of thyristor VS, the T2 utmost point of thyristor VS respectively with the push-button switch SA1 other end, relay K E coil one end connects, another termination power of relay K E coil a.
Zero line ground signalling testing circuit: comprise a signal source TX, three resistors are respectively R3, R4, R5, a potentiometer RP1, a capacitor C2; Signal source TX has 4 terminations, be respectively: T1, T2, T3, T4, the signal source TX first termination T1 meets power supply A, the 2nd termination T2 meets power supply N, T3 connecting resistance R4 one termination, the 3rd termination, the termination of the 4th termination T4 termination resistor R3, another termination of resistor R 3 respectively with resistance R 5 one terminations, potentiometer RP1 one termination connects, resistor R 4 another terminations respectively with capacitor C2 one end, resistance R 5 other ends connect back ground connection, export a termination as zero line ground connection detection signal, and another termination of potentiometer RP1 is connected the back and exports another termination as zero line ground connection detection signal with another termination of capacitor C2.
Phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring circuit, comprise that 4 indicating devices are respectively HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4,5 resistance are respectively R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, and 4 fuses are respectively FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4, a change over switch QS, a button SA2 and a miliammeter; The normally opened contact KE1 of relay K E in the residual current controller, described change over switch have a moving contact, and 5 fixed contacts are respectively a, b, c, n, o.
Wherein, the moving contact of described change over switch QS is connected with described miliammeter one end, and the termination of described button SA2 is connected with the other end of miliammeter, and another termination of button SA2 is connected with resistor R 10 1 ends.Indicating device HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4 one end respectively with the residual current controller in normally opened contact KE1 one end of relay, the R10 other end connects, another termination of indicating device HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4 respectively with the end of resistance R 6, R7, R8, R9, moving contact a, the b of change over switch QS, c, n termination connect, the other end of resistance R 6, R7, R8, R9 is connected with the end of described fuse FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4 respectively, and the other end of described fuse FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4 connects power supply A, B, C phase line and zero line N respectively; Another termination earth electrode of the normally opened contact KE1 of relay K E in the residual current controller.
Counter circuit comprises two resistance R 11, R12, potentiometer RP2, counter D, solid-state relay SSR; Wherein counter D has 3 terminations, is respectively 1,2,3, and solid-state relay SSR has 4 terminations, is respectively S1, S2, S3, S4; Resistance R 11 1 termination residual current signal source M end, another termination potentiometer of R11 RP2 one end, the termination 1 of another termination counter of RP2 D, termination 2 ground connection of counter D, 3 termination resistor R12, one termination, termination of counter D, another termination of R12 meets the termination S1 of solid-state relay SSR, solid-state relay SSR termination S2 ground connection, termination S4 connects on-load switch and separates release circuit a, and termination S3 meets the b that on-load switch separates the release circuit.
The utlity model has following advantage:
1. can control residual current of low-voltage power grid automatically; when the phase line on the human body contact circuit; can only be in the human body by the safe current that configures, environment whatsoever, any condition can both be guaranteed personal safety; circuit does not trip simultaneously; keep power supply continuously, really realized installing the purpose of protector, reduced worker's labour intensity; improve power supply reliability, increased the benefit of society and enterprise.
2. can Automatic Detection and Control zero line ground connection, phase line earth fault is avoided the expansion of accident, has reduced national property loss.
3. can when circuit moves, monitor phase line, zero line insulation against ground state, in time find out the guilty culprit phase, shorten fault handling time, reduce the line-to-ground leakage current, reduce the energy loss of low voltage electric network;
4. this apparatus structure is simple, is skillfully constructed, and design science is reasonable, uses simple and convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit principle structure block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is residual current control circuit figure described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is zero line ground signalling testing circuit figure described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is phase line described in the utility model, zero line insulated on-line monitoring circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is a counting circuitry described in the utility model
Embodiment
For making the technical solution of the utility model clearer, embodiment of the present utility model is elaborated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 shows that a kind of residual current of low-voltage power grid control monitoring and protecting device, comprise residual current control circuit 1, zero line grounded inspection circuit 2, phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring circuit 3, counting circuit 4, the secondary side winding neutral ground line DN of distribution transformer T, lightning arrester F, executive component release 5, and by the on-load switch Q of described release 5 controls; The normally opened contact KE1 of relay K E in the residual current controller 1, normally-closed contact KE2.
When the low voltage electric network leakage current of being controlled reaches current relay KE operating value (about 8mA), this relay adhesive, normally closed interlock disconnects, this moment, loop of electric leakage disconnected, connect phase line after the relay normally open contact closure, zero line insulating monitoring circuit indicates the concrete phase of ground path.This moment, network system was an isolated neutral system, if on the circuit accident of human electric shock is taken place, electric shock person can only be by the current value of 8mA, disconnected in 1~2 second time current loop again, and the voltage that human body bore, electric current all are safety values, the protective device power failure of not tripping.
After zero line earth detector 2 detected the zero line ground signalling, power grid security was guaranteed in executive component tripping operation (because zero line iterative earthing protector is malfunctioning) behind the time-delay 2S.
Phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring device 3, after disconnecting Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer neutral ground line, residual current controller 1 checks, when if certain phase line insulation seriously reduces, also can adopt change over switch to connect each line respectively, utilize miliammeter to measure leakage current value, check targetedly, shorten and search the earth fault time.
Counter circuit 4 is when phase line generation permanent earth, and the relay in the residual current controller repeats adhesive, and enabling counting device circuit after relay adhesive is for the second time carried out tripping operation and had a power failure.
Fig. 2 is the residual current control circuit, comprises a zero sequence current mutual inductor TA, 2 resistors, be respectively R1, R2,3 diodes are respectively V1, V2, V3, a capacitor C1, a comparison amplifier IC, 1 thyristor VS, 1 relay K E, 1 push-button switch SA, the normally-closed contact KE2 of relay K E, zero sequence current mutual inductor has 4 terminations, is respectively primary side A1, A2, secondary side A3, A4; , described comparison amplifier IC has 4 terminations, is respectively 1,2,3,4; Described thyristor VS has 3 terminations, is respectively T1, T2, G.Zero sequence current mutual inductor first end A 1 is succeeded one termination, normally closed KE2 contact of electrical equipment KE, another termination of normally closed interlock KE2 of relay K E is serially connected among the secondary side winding neutral ground line DN of distribution transformer T, zero sequence current mutual inductor second end A 2 connects earth electrode, zero sequence current mutual inductor the 3rd end A 3 connects resistance R 1 respectively, R2 one termination, zero sequence current mutual inductor the 4th end A 4 respectively with resistance R 1 another termination, diode V1 positive pole, after connecting, the V2 negative pole connects 2 terminations of comparison amplifier IC, resistance R 2 another terminations respectively with diode V1 negative pole, the V2 positive pole, capacitor C1 one termination connects, another termination of capacitor C1 connects 1 termination of comparison amplifier IC, 4 terminations of comparison amplifier IC respectively with thyristor T1 termination, push-button switch SA1 one end connects back ground connection, the termination 3 of comparison amplifier IC connects diode V3 negative pole, diode V3 is anodal to be connected with the G termination of thyristor VS, the T2 utmost point of described thyristor VS respectively with the push-button switch SA1 other end, relay K E coil one end connects, another termination power of relay K E coil a.
When circuit generation phase line earth fault, the zero sequence current mutual inductor primary winding gets, produce resistance value according to size of current immediately, leakage current is limited in the personal safety electric current, after the zero sequence current mutual inductor secondary coil induces electric leakage signal, by amplifying, judging, conducting thyristor VS as greater than set point the time, relay K E adhesive disconnects the transformer neutral point earth connection, connect the line insulation observation circuit, indicate that phase line ground connection is taken place.Push-button switch SA1 is used for just often checking the line insulation situation.
Fig. 3 is a zero line ground signalling testing circuit: comprise a signal source TX, three resistors are respectively R3, R4, R5, a potentiometer RP1, a capacitor C2; Signal source TX has 4 terminations, be respectively: T1, T2, T3, T4, the signal source TX first termination T1 meets power supply A, the 2nd termination T2 meets power supply N, T3 connecting resistance R4 one termination, the 3rd termination, the termination of the 4th termination T4 termination resistor R3, another termination of resistor R 3 respectively with resistance R 5 one terminations, potentiometer RP1 one termination connects, resistor R 4 another terminations respectively with capacitor C2 one end, resistance R 5 other ends connect back ground connection, export a termination as the zero line ground signalling, and another termination of potentiometer RP1 is connected the back and exports another termination as the zero line ground signalling with another termination of described capacitor C2.When detecting zero line iterative earthing is arranged, send signal and disconnecting power switch immediately.
Fig. 4 is phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring circuit, comprise 4 indicating devices be respectively HL1, HL2, HL3,, HL4,5 resistance are respectively R6, R7, R8, R9, R10,4 fuses are respectively FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4, a change over switch QS, a button SA2 and a miliammeter; The normally opened contact KE1 of relay K E in the residual current controller, described change over switch have a moving contact, and 5 fixed contacts are respectively a, b, c, n, o;
The moving contact of change over switch QS is connected with described miliammeter one end, and the termination of button SA2 is connected with the other end of miliammeter, and another termination of button SA2 is connected with resistor R 10 1 ends.Indicating device HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4 one end respectively with the residual current controller in normally opened contact KE1 one end of relay, resistance R 10 other ends connect, another termination of indicating device HL1, HL2, HL3, HL4 respectively with the end of resistance R 6, R7, R8, R9, change over switch QS fixed contact a, b, c, n termination connect, the other end of resistance R 6, R7, R8, R9 is connected with the end of fuse FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4 respectively, and the other end of fuse FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4 connects power supply A, B, C phase line and zero line N respectively.Another termination earth electrode of the normally opened contact KE1 of relay K E in the residual current controller.
When outer circuit had phase ground connection or the serious reduction of insulation, leakage detector extinguished, and the indicator light on the zero line is luminous; Know leakage current when size of each circuit, operation change over switch QS, press the button SB2 just can on miliammeter, read leakage current how much, the QS switch movable contact can be put into the position of neutral gear 0 when not detecting.
This phase line, zero line insulated on-line monitoring device are safeguarded low-voltage equipment provides convenience, has shortened the repair time, has improved the power supply reliability of electrical network.
Fig. 5 is a counter circuit, comprises two resistance R 11, R12, potentiometer RP2, counter D, solid-state relay SSR; Counter D has 3 terminations, is respectively 1,2,3, and solid-state relay SSR has 4 terminations, is respectively S1, S2, S3, S4; Resistance R 11 1 termination residual current signal source M end, resistance R 11 another termination potentiometer RP2 one end, the termination 1 of another termination counter of RP2 D, termination 2 ground connection of counter D, 3 termination resistor R12, one termination, termination of counter D, another termination of R12 meets the termination S1 of solid-state relay SSR, solid-state relay SSR termination S2 ground connection, termination S3 connects on-load switch and separates release circuit a, and termination S4 meets the b that on-load switch separates the release circuit.When the phase line continuous earth, the electric leakage signal that zero sequence current mutual inductor TA detects repeats adhesive by relay K E, makes its KE normally-closed contact KE1 carry out the repetition break-make, and relay is after the adhesive second time at this moment, and the tripping operation of effective call meter executive circuit has a power failure.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is its restriction of opposing in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model only; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the utility model is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that; Still can make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement embodiment of the present utility model; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the utility model asks for protection.