CN201194024Y

CN201194024Y - Accumulator electric quantity detection apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN201194024Y
Application number: CNU2008200095406U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李蓓
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-05-13
Filing date: 2008-05-13
Publication date: 2009-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2018-05-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses an accumulator electric quantity detection device which is characterized in: it comprises a preset load connected to the accumulator; the preset load is connected to a main control circuit which is for controlling the accumulator discharge; the accumulator and the preset load are connected to an A/D converter which is for measuring discharge signals; the A/D converter is connected to a single-chip microcomputer which is for operating the digital signals and outputting the measured electricity quantity value; a protective circuit is connected between the single-chip microcomputer and the main control circuit; the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to a display unit which is for displaying the measured electricity quantity and the single-chip microcomputer further connected to a keyboard which is for inputting control command. In the working process of the apparatus of the utility model, after acquiring data form the A/D converter, the single-chip microcomputer can work out the actual operating voltage through multiple algorithms. Since measuring the accumulator voltage by presetting load, the apparatus can achieve a simpler measuring process and a more accurate result than measuring the actual voltage.

Description

A kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit

Technical field

The utility model relates to electrical quantity measurement arrangement, is meant a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit especially.

Background technology

At present, accumulator is installed all on the various vehicles, as electric bicycle, automobile etc., the user has needed the actual conditions of the last capacity of electrolytic cell in driving procedure, will know the current residual oil mass as the driver.

The detection more complicated of the residual capacity of accumulator mainly adopts densimetry, open-circuit voltage method, internal resistance method and electric weight backing space technique.Wherein densimetry is inapplicable for enclosed accumulator; The open-circuit voltage method must wait until that the side of measurement was accurate again when thermodynamics reached balance, therefore is not suitable for on-line measurement; The internal resistance method, because relation is complicated between the dump energy of battery resistance and battery, versatility is also poor; The electric weight backing space technique exists again measures inaccurate phenomenon.

Owing to can not guarantee that accumulator is charged to fully charged state at every turn, so adopting, such scheme emits electric weight when weighing the residual capacity of battery, need to consider factors such as battery terminal voltage, charging and discharging currents, initial electric liquor ratio weight, environment temperature, measuring process is complexity.

The utility model content

In view of this, the utility model is to provide a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit, to solve above-mentioned measuring process complexity and the bigger problem of measuring error.

For addressing the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit, comprising:

Load is preset in the accumulator connection, the described governor circuit that presets load connection control battery discharging, described accumulator presets load and is connected the A/D converter of measuring discharge signal with described, and the single-chip microcomputer of charge value is measured in described A/D converter concatenation operation digital signal and output.

Preferably, also connect holding circuit between described single-chip microcomputer and the described governor circuit.

Preferably, described single-chip microcomputer also connects and shows the display of measuring charge value.

Preferably, described single-chip microcomputer also connects the keyboard of input of control commands.

In the above-mentioned device busy process, after single-chip microcomputer obtains data from A/D converter, can calculate actual operating voltage by multiple algorithm, because by presetting the voltage in the load measure accumulator, it is more more accurate than the voltage of measuring in the actual loading to have, the simple advantage of measuring process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural drawing that installs among the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that adopts the BUCK structure in the governor circuit;

Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of 82C54;

Fig. 4 is the structural drawing that drives buffer circuit;

Fig. 5 is the connection diagram of A/D converter and single-chip microcomputer;

Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram that single-chip microcomputer obtains sampled data;

Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the interface circuit between single-chip microcomputer and the LCD.

Embodiment

For clearly demonstrating the technical scheme in the utility model, provide preferred embodiment below and be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of this device, comprising: connect the A/D converter of accumulator and preset load, the A/D change-over circuit connects the single-chip microcomputer of sequential control, presets load and connects governor circuit, has also added holding circuit between single-chip microcomputer and governor circuit; The LCD display that also connects the keyboard and the demonstration accumulator dump energy of input of control commands on the single-chip microcomputer.

Governor circuit adopts IPM Intelligent Power Module (PM800HSA060), its inside is except that integrated IGBT switching tube and driving circuit, also integrated perfect holding circuit as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, under-voltage protection, overheating protection etc., has realized the self-shield of element; Driving circuit is integrated among the IPM, and the realization control basal plate is separated with the power substrate, cuts off the interference from power device; Highly integrated, reduce the distribution inductance; In establish interference filter, improve the reliability and the antijamming capability of element work.Discharge load uses high-power resistance.Because controlling object is electric current, so major loop adopted the BUCK transformer configuration of inductive energy storage, as shown in Figure 2.L1 and D1 play the effect of afterflow and protection IPM, and C1 is operated in discharge mode when switch closure, be operated in charging modes when switch disconnects, and C1 and L1 are in conjunction with making battery discharge current stable simultaneously.

Adopt external definition/counter 82C54 that PWM is provided waveform, have the cycle very short, divide pigtail rate height and reaction velocity fast, and few advantage of the time of shared microprocessor or single-chip microcomputer.

For realizing the output of PWM, the counter of 82C54 is set up the working method that produces the required timing cycle of PWM; Another counter is set as and can produces the working method of transferring pulse width, and the control end GATE of this counter is subjected to the control of the output terminal OUT of previous counter, thereby has produced cycle and all adjustable PWM output of pulse width.The timing length in cycle depends on the resolution of PWM output.Its relational expression is: T=2 ⁿ/ f _ClkWherein n is the figure place of resolution, is the frequency of defeated people's clock of counter.With f _ClkBe example, the timing cycle that produces 8 bit resolutions is 32us; If produce 16 bit resolutions, timing cycle is 18.192ms.Its hardware circuit as shown in Figure 3.

All guard signals are delivered to the interrupting input end of single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer model is 89S52, when breaking down; cause the 89S52 singlechip interruption; in interrupt service routine, block pwm pulse immediately, show the indication corresponding failure by LED luminotron and state simultaneously, so that maintenance.Its IPM gate-drive buffer circuit as shown in Figure 4, its realizes the pwm signal of output is isolated with the photoelectricity of IPM module, and realizes driving and level conversion function.High speed photo coupling adopts 6N137, and triode is 9014, and supply voltage is+15V, this triode will be converted to from the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of optocoupler IPM+the 15V gate electrode drive signals.

A/D converter adopts AD974.AD974 is 4 passages, the A/D converter of 16 bit serial.Its sampling rate can be 200KSPS.The input voltage range that allows can be: 0～4V, 0～5V reach ± 10V.The synoptic diagram that its A/D converter is connected with single-chip microcomputer as shown in Figure 5, the R/C pin is used to represent the duty of AD974, represents that AD974 is in read states when high, can import single-chip microcomputer to data this moment.Represent to be in transition status when low, the DATA pin is used for to single-chip microcomputer input data.DATACLK is an AD974 external clock input end.The SYNC pin is the AD974 synchronous port, and in the previous clock period of AD974 output data, SYNC end output one high impulse utilizes this high impulse can synchronous data transmission.A0, A1 are analog input gating end.V1A, V1B, V2A, V2B are analog input end.EXT/INT is the clock selecting end, uses external clock when its value is high, otherwise uses internal clocking.PWRD is a switching controller, connects high level and allows conversion.CS is the AD974 chip selection signal, and its value is effective when low.Earlier the zero clearing of R/C position, make AD974 enter transition status before the AD974 conversion, set R/C again behind the EOC, thus enter reading state.Detecting the SYNC signal is high level, after this can read 16 bit data successively.Use the operate outside clock of the output of single-chip microcomputer P1.5 mouth, come reading of control data as AD974.

The program circuit that Single-chip Controlling AD974 obtains sampled data after the single-chip microcomputer selector channel, is 1 o'clock in the SYNC value as shown in Figure 6, and single-chip microcomputer constantly reads the data in 16.After having read data, show that by the LCD that connects LCD adopts ZY12864D, as a kind of graphic dot matrix LCD, it mainly is made up of line driver/row driver and the full lattice lcd screen of 128*64.Can finish graphic presentation, also can show 8*4 (16*16 dot matrix) Chinese character.Liquid crystal display adopts the mode of bus to drive, the synoptic diagram of its interface can be referring to Fig. 7, the P2 mouth by 74LS138 and cooperate P3.6 (/WR), P3.7 (/RD) generate and to write clock signal, P0.0-P0.2 generates control signal, the data of P0 mouth are write the LCD screen, show that the state of measuring process and electric weight show.

In the above-mentioned device busy process, after single-chip microcomputer obtains data from A/D converter, can calculate actual operating voltage by multiple algorithm, because by presetting the operating voltage of load measure accumulator, have than the voltage of measuring in the actual loading comparability and accurate accuracy are more arranged, have the simple advantage of measuring process simultaneously.

Elaborated the embodiment in the utility model above, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle for the device of being set forth among the embodiment, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit, it is characterized in that, comprise: load is preset in the accumulator connection, the described governor circuit that presets load connection control battery discharging, described accumulator presets load and is connected the A/D converter of measuring discharge signal with described, and the single-chip microcomputer of charge value is measured in described A/D converter concatenation operation digital signal and output.

2. a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also connects holding circuit between described single-chip microcomputer and the described governor circuit.

3. a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer also connects and shows the display of measuring charge value.

4. a kind of accumulator electric-quantity pick-up unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that described single-chip microcomputer also connects the keyboard of input of control commands.