CN201190892Y - 热回收式液氮泵撬 - Google Patents
热回收式液氮泵撬 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种性能很好的热回收式液氮泵撬,可在低压状态下短期储存和运输及泵注液氮,并能把低压液氮转换为高压氮气输出。它由动力撬和罐撬两部分组成,动力撬由发动机、分动箱、液压驱动系统、液氮高压泵、润滑系统、热交换系统、液氮蒸发器、控制系统及仪表、数据采集系统等组成;罐撬由低温液氮罐、液氮增压器等组成。液氮泵作业不仅高效、省时、安全、快捷,而且其对油气藏特有的保护作用是常规作业所无法比拟的,可广泛用于低压低产气井、深井的压后排液、多层分层压裂、冲砂解堵、酸化、修井以及固井等井下作业,如氮气气举,液氮拌注压裂,混气酸化,氮气正压射孔,氮气垫测试,氮气置换等。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型为一种液氮泵设备,即把低压低温液氮转换为高压常温氮气输出的设备,属于油田液氮施工作业设备领域。
背景技术
现代石油工业中,氮气技术的快速发展使它广泛应用于尤其生产的许多环节,与常规方法相比,利用氮气对油井、油层进行处理,具有安全、省时、快捷、高效的特点。而且成功率高。不仅适用于常规油藏,在低压、低渗、粘土胶结等特殊油气藏中也有独到的作用。基于氮气密度低,稳定性好、意压缩的特点,它在提高采收率、钻井、射孔、增产措施、修井方面有着广泛的应用。
常规的氮气作业设备是制氮拖车,其利用膜分离技术在常温下从空气中分离出氮气,制出的氮气经增压机高压注入。但氮气的排量较小(<30m3/min),工作压力不高(最高35Mpa),纯度较低(<95%),很难满足油气作业的很多要求。
随着目前石油勘探开发力度的增加,需要大排量、高压力的氮气作业设备来满足施工要求。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的:利用工业液氮资源,利用液氮罐储存,采用液氮高压柱塞泵将液氮增压,然后由蒸发器加热变为常温高压氮气排出后用于施工。
本实用新型采用的技术方案是:热回收式液氮泵撬,由动力撬(主撬)和罐撬(副撬)两部分组成,动力撬由发动机、分动箱、液压系统、液氮高压柱塞泵、功率计(水刹车)、润滑系统、热交换系统、冷却剂循环离心泵、液氮蒸发器、液氮吸入系统、氮气排出高压管汇系统、控制台和仪表(包括数据采集系统和超压、超低温保护系统)、燃油箱、液压油箱、循环冷却剂水箱组成;罐撬由低温液氮罐、液氮增压器、液氮罐保护系统组成。其特征在于:发动机后部连接分动箱,分动箱后部连接液压系统的液压油泵,液压油泵驱动液压马达,液压马达驱动液氮高压柱塞泵。动力驱动系统属于静液压传动。
所述的热回收式液氮泵橇采用热回收式液氮加热技术,液氮蒸发器系统完全利用发动机热回收系统来蒸发液氮,蒸发液氮所需要的全部热量从发动机获得。发动机的废热和其他系统的辐热都转化为蒸发液氮的有用热量,包括发动机废气供热、发动机冷却剂供热、液压系统液压油供热、液氮高压柱塞泵润滑油供热、分动箱润滑油供热。同时,为了平衡冷却系统的热负荷,功率计(水刹车)通过对发动机的加载能将发动机动能转变水刹车介质热能被传递到冷却系统,由此可提供足够的热量供液氮蒸发。
动力撬(主撬)既可以与罐撬(副撬)连接使用,也可以单独配合其它液氮罐使用。
本实用新型具有如下优点:
1、该设备直接利用工业液氮,并有液氮罐存储,通过液氮高压柱塞泵将液氮增压,然后由蒸发器加热变为常温高压氮气输出。排出压力高(可达103Mpa),氮气排量大(可达200m3/min),氮气纯度高(99%)。满足大排量、高压力的施工需要。尤其在混气压裂、酸化、气举、射孔等方面应用效果突出。
2、主撬既可以与副撬连接使用,也可以单独配合其它液氮罐使用,组合及分体非常方便。这尤其在山区、海上平台、沙漠等对设备体积和重量要求严格的场合应用非常便利。
3、采用热回收式液氮蒸发系统,更加安全可靠。尤其在安全性要求较高的气井适用。
4、该设备采用静液压传动系统,更易于实现无级调速,且调速平稳、均匀、准确,微动性能好;动力性能好,能适应作业中负荷变化剧烈、变速和换向频繁的工况,传动平稳。
5、该设备具有超压、超低温自动保护功能,可有效地保护油井、设备及人身安全。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的整机工作正面示意图,
图2是本实用新型的整机工作俯视示意图,
图中,1-动力撬(主撬),2-发动机,3-分动箱,4-功率计(水刹车),5-液压系统,6-冷却剂循环离心泵,7-润滑系统,8-液氮高压柱塞泵,9-液氮蒸发器,10-循环冷却剂水箱,11-控制台和仪表(包括数据采集系统和超压、超低温保护系统),12-液压油箱,13-热交换系统,14-燃油箱,15-氮气排出高压管汇系统,16-液氮罐保护系统,17--液氮吸入系统,18-低温液氮罐,19-液氮增压器,20-罐撬(副撬)。
具体实施方式
为了进一步公开本实用新型的技术方案,下面结合说明书附图通过实施例作详细说明:
图1是热回收式液氮泵橇整机工作正面示意图。如图1和图2所示,热回收式液氮泵橇由动力撬(主撬)1和罐撬(副撬)20两部分组成,动力撬1由发动机2、分动箱3、液压系统5、液氮高压柱塞泵8、功率计(水刹车)4、润滑系统7、热交换系统13、冷却剂循环离心泵6、液氮蒸发器9、液氮吸入系统17、氮气排出高压管汇系统15、控制台和仪表(包括数据采集系统和超压、超低温保护系统)11、燃油箱14、液压油箱12、循环冷却剂水箱10等组成;罐撬20由低温液氮罐18、液氮增压器19、液氮罐保护系统16等组成,使整机具有存贮、运输液氮,将低压液氮加压至高压液氮,并将此高压下的低温液氮蒸发后排出高压常温氮气,用于施工作业。
该设备工作过程:外部液氮罐通过左右及后部三个进口(可以分别也可以同时)向罐撬20补充液氮,(如果分体使用不用罐撬20时,也可以外部液氮罐通过三个进口分别或同时直接进入动力撬1)。罐撬20本身设有液氮罐保护系统16(包括安全阀、行车阀、爆破膜);设有液氮增压器19,液氮罐可通过本身增压器的增压,以一定压力的液氮通过低温阀门进入主撬1的液氮吸入系统17。正常作业时,首先要进行冷泵,打开放空阀,使液氮由低压吸入系统进入液氮高压柱塞泵8的冷端,经排空阀排出废气,冷泵充分后,即可启动发动机2进行泵注作业。位于主撬1上的发动机2驱动分动箱3,分动箱3驱动液压系统5的液压油泵,液压油泵通过液压马达驱动液氮高压柱塞泵8运转,液氮高压柱塞泵8速度由仪表控制台11控制以满足不同排量作业的需要。分动箱3同时驱动功率计(水刹车)4。功率计(水刹车)4用于大排量时加热使用;冷却剂循环离心泵6由液压系统5驱动,为液氮蒸发器9及热交换系统13(发动机废气供热、发动机冷却剂供热、液压系统液压油供热、高压液氮泵润滑油供热、分动箱润滑油供热)提供冷却剂循环压力。液氮高压柱塞泵8运转后,将低温低压液氮经其冷端增压至高压液氮,高压低温液氮经液氮蒸发器9加热后变为常温高压氮气,然后经氮气排出高压管汇系统15(包括单流阀、旋塞阀及高压管汇)排出。仪表控制台11对作业全过程进行监控,施工数据由数据采集系统记录及传送。
泵注过程中一旦出现氮气超过预先设定的压力或温度低于预先设定的温度,电液控制系统将自动切断动力系统,使液氮高压柱塞泵8停止运转,复位后,又可正常作业。
Claims (3)
1.一种热回收式液氮泵橇,由动力撬主撬和罐撬副撬两部分组成,动力撬由发动机、分动箱、液压系统、液氮高压柱塞泵、功率计水刹车、润滑系统、热交换系统、冷却剂循环离心泵、液氮蒸发器、液氮吸入系统、氮气排出高压管汇系统、控制台和仪表包括数据采集系统和超压、超低温保护系统、燃油箱、液压油箱、循环冷却剂水箱等组成;罐撬由低温液氮罐、液氮增压器、液氮罐保护系统等组成,其特征在于:发动机后部连接分动箱,分动箱后部连接液压系统的液压油泵,液压油泵驱动液压马达,液压马达驱动液氮高压柱塞泵,动力驱动系统属于静液压传动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热回收式液氮泵橇,其特征在于液氮蒸发器完全利用发动机热回收系统来蒸发液氮,蒸发液氮所需要的全部热量从发动机获得,发动机的废热和其他系统的辐热都转化为蒸发液氮的有用热量,包括发动机废气供热、发动机冷却剂供热、液压系统液压油供热、液氮高压柱塞泵润滑油供热、分动箱润滑油供热,同时,为了平衡冷却系统的热负荷,功率计水刹车通过对发动机的加载能将发动机动能转变水刹车介质热能被传递到冷却系统,由此可提供足够的热量供液氮蒸发。
3.根据权利要求1所述的热回收式液氮泵橇,动力撬主撬既可以与罐撬副撬连接使用,也可以单独配合其它液氮罐使用。
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