CN201177608Y - Architecture enclosure transparent part thermal characteristic measurement device - Google Patents
Architecture enclosure transparent part thermal characteristic measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201177608Y CN201177608Y CNU2007201698105U CN200720169810U CN201177608Y CN 201177608 Y CN201177608 Y CN 201177608Y CN U2007201698105 U CNU2007201698105 U CN U2007201698105U CN 200720169810 U CN200720169810 U CN 200720169810U CN 201177608 Y CN201177608 Y CN 201177608Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for measuring the thermal characteristics of the transparent portion of a building enclosure structure, which belongs to the field of building energy conservation. The device mainly comprises a heat absorption device (3) attached to the inner surface of a transparent enclosure structure (1) on the walls (2) of a building and having a thermal conductivity of 0 to 400 W/(M.K), a solar radiation measurement device (6) arranged on the outside of the transparent enclosure structure (1) and a temperature measurement device for measuring the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature. The heat absorption device (3) can form a hollow cavity with the transparent enclosure structure (1), and a heat flowmeter (5) is adhered to the outer surface on the inner side of the heat absorption device (3). The inner surface of the heat absorption device (3) is subjected to 'blackening' treatment, and the outer surface is subjected to 'whitening' treatment. The device can achieve the field measurement of the thermal transmission coefficient K of the transparent portion of the building enclosure structure and the solar heat gain coefficient SHGC, so as to carry out quantitative analysis of the energy loss of the transparent portion of the building enclosure structure.
Description
Technical field
Buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device belongs to building energy saving field, mainly be to utilize this device to realize the measurement that the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part heat transfer coefficient and the sun get hot coefficient, to realize quantitative evaluation, for building energy conservation provides in-site measurement to estimate foundation with valency to buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part energy loss.
Background technology
The buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part is the important component part of buildings, except that the demand that satisfies aspects such as people's daylighting, ventilation, sunshine, the visual field, while is as the opening of building external envelope structure, being the most active, the sensitive part of buildings heat interchange, heat conduction, is 5～6 times of body of wall thermal loss.
The energy loss mode that sees through the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part mainly contains 3 kinds: conduction, convection current and radiation.Convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection mainly shows as the seepage of gas between flowing of double glazing intermediate gas layer and transparent part and non-transparent part slit, and for convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, the improvement by mounting process generally can effectively reduce the thermal loss that cross-ventilation causes.The heat waste that conductive heat loss that causes for the indoor and outdoor temperature difference and solar radiation cause is then followed the use of whole buildings, becomes the chief component of building energy consumption.See through heat duty that the building enclosure transparent part enters buildings summer and transfer most of refrigeration duty, and winter is bigger than body of wall owing to the heat transfer coefficient of building enclosure transparent part itself, and the heat that is lost in the external environment condition through transparent part has material impact to heating load.According to statistics, the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part uses energy consumption to account for whole building for a long time and uses more than 50% of energy consumption for a long time, and therefore the energy loss by the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part is subjected to people's extensive concern day by day.
Energy loss by the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part comprises by the energy loss of glass with by being used for fixing the energy loss sum of transparent part skeleton.In recent years, appearance along with novel framework materials such as aluminium alloy heat-insulating bridge-cut-off, plastic-steel, frp window frames, the thermal and insulating performance of framework material has had large increase, obtain effective reduction by the fixing thermal loss of transparent part skeleton, and accounted for glass energy-conservation still troubling of whole building enclosure transparent part area 70%～85%.In order to reduce building energy consumption, especially by the energy loss of glass, China has proposed a series of design standard for energy efficiency of buildings, and detailed regulation has been done in the design of the different building enclosures of buildings, to reach the purpose that reduces building energy consumption.In order to implement " strategy of sustainable development " of China, reach the target of whole nation building total energy consumption energy-conservation 50% in 2010, the Ministry of Construction proposed " Residential Buildings Energy test stone " exposure draft in 2006, was intended to test evaluation China new building and existing transformation building and whether really had desired thermal property of building energy-saving design standards and energy consumption index.In this exposure draft the service check method of the different building enclosures of buildings has been done detailed regulation, but, because the complicacy of building enclosure transparent part heat-transfer mechanism, in this standard not the thermal behavior measurement method of parameters to transparent part make any regulation, as seen the energy-conservation detection for the buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part does not also have effective on-site measurement method at present, be necessary to develop new effective measurement mechanism, to realize the energy-conservation evaluation of buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part.
The evaluation of the thermal property of building enclosure transparent part comprises that the complex heat transfer coefficient K value of the heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic of reflection transparent part own and reflection get heat coefficient S HGC by the sun in the transparent part inlet chamber.Complex heat transfer coefficient K reflection window construction itself and both sides boundary layer of air are transmitted the ability of heat jointly, and heat transfer coefficient is big more, under the identical chamber internal-external temperature difference, enter or delivery chamber in heat big more; The sun gets hot coefficient S HGC and then reflects size by the solar radiation quantity in the glass inlet chamber.For the measurement of exterior window heat transfer coefficient is to adopt hot case method at present, and this method has been included national standard both at home and abroad in, and the heat-insulating property of exterior window is divided into 10 grades, and progression is big more, and the window heat-insulating property is good more.But the actual measurement of this method is one dimension environment of artificial manufacturing in the laboratory, and tested window is installed on the test box, and tested window is inboard with hot case simulation indoor conditions, the outer natural conditions of window outside simulating chamber.But since the window that is verified of laboratory often with actual engineering in the concrete window difference of using bigger, measurement result is difficult to reflect on-the-spot concrete actual conditions.At present get hot coefficient and determine what performance parameter by the reference different glass and the local concrete special software of weather conditions utilization obtained by numerical evaluation for the window sun, and, also do not have concrete method for real-time measurement for the actual measurement that window gets hot coefficient.Get hot Research of coefficient for the sun abroad and still adopt hot case method to simulate, solar radiation utilizes the solar radiation analog machine to produce, and by measuring the variation of heat, case internal and external temperature and solar radiation in the hot case, obtains the window sun and gets hot coefficient.China to the window energy savings The Characteristic Study then still less, the pertinent literature that can find is also very limited at present, the evaluation of window is rested on the static model of the Coefficient K of simple consideration window basically, perhaps not only consider Coefficient K (entire thermal resistance) but also consider that the sun gets hot coefficient (SHGC) the static model stage; Unique one piece of measurement document about whole window thermal characteristics that can find at present also is to adopt similar hot case method, indoor section utilizes hot case simulation indoor environment, the outdoor environmental baseline of reality of then utilizing is measured, but measuring error is bigger, and hot case method equipment is huge, complicated operation is difficult to the scene that is transported to and carries out actual real-time measurement.For the transparent building enclosure weak link as glass curtain wall, there is not measurement mechanism accurately especially, therefore be necessary the exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device that is easy to realize in-site measurement of development of new.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of realization buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device, the Coefficient K and the sun that this device can be measured glass simultaneously get hot coefficient S HGC (SolarHeat Gain Coefficient), thereby the thermal characteristics of building enclosure transparent part is estimated.
For achieving the above object, the utility model has been taked following technical scheme.Mainly include the transparent building enclosure inside surface that is used to be attached on the building masonry wall, coefficient of heat conductivity be 0～400W/ (mK) heat sink, be arranged on the solar radiation measurement mechanism of transparent building enclosure outside and be used for the temperature measuring equipment of the inside and outside temperature difference of measuring chamber, wherein, heat sink can surround a cavity with transparent building enclosure, is positioned on the outside surface of heat sink indoor to be adhesive with heat flow meter.
Described heat sink is semi-cylindrical shells or hemispherical shell or rectangle shell structure, if semi-cylindrical shells or half rectangle shell structure, then two end faces up and down at heat sink are provided with heat insulation layer.
The inside surface of described heat sink scribbles absorptivity greater than 0.6 black material, has carried out " melanism " and has handled, and all heats by the building enclosure transparent part are all absorbed.The outside surface that is positioned at the indoor scribbles emissivity less than 1 white material, has carried out " albefaction " and has handled, to reduce the radiation heat transfer between heat sink and the building masonry wall.
Described heat sink is made by metal material or nonmetallic materials, and the wall thickness of heat sink is at 1～100mm.
Scribble emissivity on the outside surface that is positioned at the indoor of described heat flow meter less than 1 white material.
Described solar radiation measurement mechanism is arranged in apart from transparent building enclosure outside surface 0～10m place.
The temperature measuring equipment of the inside and outside temperature difference of described measuring chamber is that thermoelectricity occasionally is temperature measuring set.
The basic mechanism of glass heat characteristic field measurement apparatus of the present utility model is the net heat Q in the inlet chamber
OnlyComprise the heat conduction Q that the indoor and outdoor temperature difference causes
ConductionWith the radiation heat transfer Q in the solar radiation inlet chamber
Radiation, that is:
Q
Only=Q
Conduction+ Q
Radiation=K Δ t+SHGCG (1)
In the formula, G is the average solar radiant heat (w/m that projects on the window-glass
2), K is glass heat transfer coefficient (W/ (m
2℃)), Δ t be the indoor and outdoor air temperature difference (℃), SHGC is that the sun of glass gets hot coefficient.
Definition outer window glass thermal property coefficient
Then:
Q in the formula 3
Only/ G and Δ t/G are linear, and slope is K, and intercept is SHGC.Measure Q by heat flow meter like this
OnlyValue measures the G value by the solar radiation measurement mechanism, and the temperature measuring equipment by the indoor and outdoor temperature difference measures transparent unit both sides difference in air temperature Δ t value, utilizes experiment measuring to record a series of Q
Only, G and Δ t, according to formula (3), be horizontal ordinate with Δ t/G, with Q
Only/ G is an ordinate, experimental data is carried out linear regression can obtain K and SHGC.
Experiment showed, that this device can realize the thermal characteristic measurement of any buildings exterior-protected structure transparent part, exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic is herein measured the measurement that had both comprised heat transfer coefficient, and the sun that also comprises gets the measurement of hot coefficient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is by the heat transferred synoptic diagram of single-glass
Fig. 2 buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device floor map
Fig. 3 solar radiation is by the heat transferred synoptic diagram of double glazing
Fig. 4 buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device synoptic diagram
Fig. 5 buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device synoptic diagram
Fig. 6 buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device synoptic diagram
Among the figure: 1, transparent building enclosure, 2, building masonry wall, 3, heat sink, 4, heat insulation layer, 5, heat flow meter, 6, the solar radiation measurement mechanism, 15, cavity.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment is the measurement that realizes transparent building enclosure thermal characteristics at the building masonry wall 2 that contains transparent building enclosure 1, heat sink 3 in the present embodiment is to be that 398W/ (mK), wall thickness are the semi-cylindrical shells that the copper of 1mm becomes by a coefficient of heat conductivity, being provided with thermal insulation material 4 at two end faces up and down of semi-cylindrical shells insulate, outside surface in semi-cylindrical shells is pasted with heat flow meter 5, and the heat by semi-cylindrical shells is measured.
The transparent building building enclosure 1 that present embodiment is used is a single-glass, heat transfer process by single-glass as shown in Figure 1, when outdoor solar radiation 8 is radiated at glass 1 outside surface, part solar radiation energy 9 is by in the transmission inlet chamber, 10 of solar radiation energies of a part are reflected outdoor, 11 of another part solar radiation energies are absorbed by glass, cause glass self temperature to raise, glass temperature raises in the form inlet chamber of back part energy 13 with heat conduction and long-wave radiation, 12 forms with heat conduction and long-wave radiation of another part energy are imported into outdoor, and the solar radiant energy 9 in the inlet chamber and 13 forms hotly indoor.Indoor other a part of 14 of heats come from temperature difference because of indoor and outdoor with the heat in the heat conducting form inlet chamber.
During measurement, the side end face of the semi-cylindrical shells in this measurement mechanism is sticked to the surface that is positioned at the indoor of transparent building enclosure 1, then semi-cylindrical shells and single-glass surround a cavity 15, as shown in Figure 2.The inside surface of semicolumn housing scribbles the black matt lacquer and has carried out " melanism " processing, all are all absorbed by conduction heat 14 and solar radiant heats 9 and 13 in the glass inlet chamber, measure net heat Q in the inlet chamber by the heat flow meter on the semicolumn housing outer surface 5
OnlyIn order to reduce the radiation heat transfer between semicolumn housing and the indoor wall, outside surface at the semicolumn housing adheres to white aluminium foil, it is carried out " albefaction " handle, the outside surface at heat flow meter 5 has also carried out same " albefaction " processing, the net heat Q in 5 pairs of inlet chambers of heat flow meter simultaneously
OnlyMeasure.Arrange that in outside surface 10 centimeters of glass 1 sun average radiation G of 6 pairs of outdoor different time sections of solar radiation measurement mechanism measures in real time.The indoor-outdoor air temperature is then measured by thermopair, obtains indoor-outdoor air temperature difference t, like this by a series of Q
Only, G and Δ t measured value, can be horizontal ordinate with Δ t/G, with Q according to formula (3)
Only/ G is an ordinate, and experimental data is carried out linear regression, and the slope that obtains straight line is the Coefficient K of glass, gets hot coefficient S HGC and intercept is the sun.
Embodiment 2:
Device in the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and just heat sink 3 is the rectangle shell structure of an end opening.
The transparent building building enclosure 1 that present embodiment is applied to is double glazing, as shown in Figure 3, solar radiation by the heat transfer process of double glazing is, when outdoor solar radiation 8 is radiated at double glazing 1 outside surface, part emittance 9 enters the double glazing interlayer by transmission, 10 of emittance of a part are reflected outdoor, 11 of another part emittance are absorbed by glass, cause glass self temperature to raise, part energy 13 entered the double glazing inner chamber with the form of heat conduction and long-wave radiation after glass temperature raise, cause the rising of cavity temperature, outside 12 form inlet chambers of another part energy with heat conduction and long-wave radiation.Transmission enters part energy 16 in the solar radiant energy 9 in the double glazing chamber by in the inner layer glass transmission inlet chamber of double glazing 1, forming the room gets hot, 17 of another part energy in the energy 9 since reflection enter in the double glazing chamber, 18 of third part energy in the energy 9 are absorbed by glass, cause glass temperature to raise, this part energy enters in room and the double glazing 1 interlayer cavity with the form 19 and 20 of long-wave radiation and heat conduction.Whole solar radiant heat by double glazing 1 can be reduced to solar radiant heat 16 in the transmission form inlet chamber and the heat sum that enters atmosphere with the form of reflecting heat 10, as shown in Figure 4, glass is added in the transmission heat 16 with the bolometer in the long-wave radiation form inlet chamber after absorbing solar radiation herein, glass 1 absorb after the solar radiation temperature raise with the heat in the form inlet chamber of heat conduction then count because of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference with in the heat 14 in the heat conducting form inlet chamber, like this, solar radiant energy in the inlet chamber 16 and conduction heat 14 form hotly indoor.
During measurement, the side of the openend of the rectangle housing in this measurement mechanism is sticked to the surface that is positioned at the indoor of double glazing, then the inside surface of rectangle housing and double glazing surrounds a cavity 15.The inside surface of rectangle housing has carried out " melanism " to be handled, all are all absorbed by conduction heat 14 and solar radiant heats 16 in the glass inlet chamber, be positioned at the net heat Q that heat flow meter 5 on the indoor side surface measures inlet chamber by sticking on the rectangle housing
OnlyThe thermal characteristic measurement process of other relevant these double glazings is with embodiment 1, and the Coefficient K and the sun that experiment measuring draws glass get hot coefficient S HGC.
Embodiment 3:
Device in the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, just heat sink 3 is for there being the hemispherical shell of an openend, as shown in Figure 5, be used for all are all absorbed and import into by the heat in transparent configuration 1 inlet chamber indoor, other implementation processes are with embodiment 1.
This device can be applied to the measurement of double glazing thermal characteristics equally, and as shown in Figure 6, this implementation process is with embodiment 2.
Claims (7)
1, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device, it is characterized in that: mainly include transparent building enclosure (1) inside surface that is used to be attached on the building masonry wall (2), coefficient of heat conductivity be 0～400W/ (mK) heat sink (3), be arranged on the solar radiation measurement mechanism (6) of transparent building enclosure (1) outside and be used for the temperature measuring equipment of the inside and outside temperature difference of measuring chamber, wherein, heat sink (3) can surround a cavity with transparent building enclosure (1), is positioned on the outside surface of heat sink (3) indoor to be adhesive with heat flow meter (5).
2, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat sink (3) is semi-cylindrical shells or hemispherical shell or rectangle shell structure, if semi-cylindrical shells or half rectangle shell structure, then two end faces up and down at heat sink (3) are provided with heat insulation layer (4).
3, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the inside surface of described heat sink (3) scribbles absorptivity greater than 0.6 black material, is positioned at
The outside surface of indoor scribbles emissivity less than 1 white material.
4, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heat sink (3) is made by metal material or nonmetallic materials, and the wall thickness of heat sink (3) is at 1～100mm.
5, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: scribble emissivity on the outside surface that is positioned at the indoor of described heat flow meter (5) less than 1 white material.
6, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described solar radiation measurement mechanism (6) is arranged in apart from transparent building enclosure 1 outside surface 0～10m place.
7, buildings exterior-protected structure transparency portion thermal characteristic measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature measuring equipment of the inside and outside temperature difference of described measuring chamber is that thermoelectricity occasionally is temperature measuring set.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201698105U CN201177608Y (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Architecture enclosure transparent part thermal characteristic measurement device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201698105U CN201177608Y (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Architecture enclosure transparent part thermal characteristic measurement device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201177608Y true CN201177608Y (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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ID=40217631
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201698105U Expired - Fee Related CN201177608Y (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Architecture enclosure transparent part thermal characteristic measurement device |
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| CN (1) | CN201177608Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101581682B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2011-10-12 | 上海市建筑科学研究院(集团)有限公司 | Outdoor heat-insulating property dynamic test device for building outside wall insulating mould coating |
| CN110702606A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 梁雪芽 | Method for rapidly detecting comprehensive shading coefficient of external window on site |
-
2007
- 2007-07-20 CN CNU2007201698105U patent/CN201177608Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101581682B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2011-10-12 | 上海市建筑科学研究院(集团)有限公司 | Outdoor heat-insulating property dynamic test device for building outside wall insulating mould coating |
| CN110702606A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 梁雪芽 | Method for rapidly detecting comprehensive shading coefficient of external window on site |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090107 Termination date: 20150720 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |