CN201165939Y - Self-energy wind turbine flexible pitch mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pitch changing mechanism of a wind power generator. The wind wheel of the generator is a hollow sphere, and a synchronizer is fixedly installed in the sphere, and the blade shaft is inserted on the wind wheel through a bearing. The synchronizer includes a spherical shell and a synchronous shaft installed in the shell through a bearing. The synchronous shaft coincides with the axis of the main shaft. , there is a synchronous bevel gear on the synchronous shaft, the end of the impeller shaft passes through the shell of the synchronizer and is fixedly installed with the impeller bevel gear, the synchronous bevel gear meshes with the impeller bevel gear; the synchronous shaft is also equipped with a worm gear and a spring through the bearing Seat, the spring seat is fixedly connected to one side of the worm wheel; the worm gear matched with the worm gear is installed on the wind wheel through the bearing. The blade deflection of the utility model has good consistency, avoiding the uneven force caused by the asynchronous blade; the initial force of the blade deflection can be adjusted conveniently, thereby adjusting the operating parameters of the wind power generator.

Description

Self-energy wind turbine flexible pitch mechanism

technical field

The utility model relates to a pitch changing mechanism of a wind power generator, in particular to a flexible pitch changing mechanism of a self-energy wind power generator.

Background technique

As a clean and renewable energy, wind energy has been paid more and more attention by countries all over the world. Its reserves are huge. The global wind energy is about 2.74×10 ₉ MW, of which the usable wind energy is 2×10 ₇ MW, which is 10 times larger than the total amount of water energy that can be developed and utilized on the earth. China's wind energy reserves are large and widely distributed, and the wind energy reserves on land alone are about 253 million kilowatts. With the development of the global economy, the wind energy market has also developed rapidly. Wind generators use wind energy to drive the blades to drive the main shaft, and when the relative displacement of the stator and rotor occurs, the magnetic field lines are cut and current is generated in the coil. A severe test for wind turbines is to face unstable wind speeds. The wind in nature changes rapidly, and the wind speed span is very large. The requirement for wind turbines is to still be able to generate electricity normally within the largest possible wind speed range. In order to cope with the impact of strong winds, the existing wind generators usually adopt the following three methods: 1. Braking; when the wind speed is super high, the rotating speed is reduced by braking the main shaft of the motor. Although this method is simple and feasible, it will cause great damage to the fan. The fan will bear a lot of wind pressure, and the blades will be easily broken. In severe cases, the fan will be blown down. 2. Side deflection; when the wind speed is extremely high, the windward side of the fan is deflected to one side to reduce the wind pressure on the front. This method is usually used for small wind turbines. Large wind turbines cannot adapt to frequent wind direction changes due to their bulky size and high inertia. 3. Pitch change: When the wind speed is extremely high, the windward angle of the blades is changed through the pitch change mechanism, thereby changing the wind pressure that each blade bears. This method is most suitable for large wind turbines. The existing wind turbine pitch mechanism generally has the defects of complex structure, high failure rate, and difficult adjustment and maintenance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a self-energy wind generator flexible pitch mechanism with simple structure, low failure rate and convenient adjustment and maintenance.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

The flexible pitch-changing mechanism of the self-energy wind power generator described in the utility model includes a wind wheel with blades installed, and the wind wheel is installed at the front end of the main shaft, and is characterized in that the wind wheel is a hollow sphere, and a synchronizer is fixedly installed in the sphere , the blade shaft fixedly connected to the lower end of the blade is inserted into the wind wheel through a bearing, the synchronizer includes a spherical shell and a synchronous shaft installed in the shell through a bearing, the synchronous shaft coincides with the axis of the main shaft, and the synchronous shaft is equipped with There is a synchronous bevel gear, the end of the impeller shaft passes through the shell of the synchronizer and is fixedly installed with the impeller shaft bevel gear, the synchronous bevel gear meshes with the impeller shaft bevel gear; the worm gear and the spring seat are installed on the synchronous shaft through the bearing, and the spring seat is fixed It is connected to one side of the worm wheel; the worm that cooperates with the worm gear is installed on the wind wheel through the bearing; the coil spring is installed in the spring seat, the inner end of the coil spring is connected to the synchronous shaft, and the outer end is connected to the spring seat; the worm passes through the gear The meshing is connected with the transmission of the adjusting rod, and the adjusting rod is installed on the wind wheel through the bearing, and one end of the adjusting rod extends out of the wind wheel and is equipped with an adjusting handle.

The top of the synchronous shaft is fixedly connected to the stator barrel, and the inner wall of the stator barrel is fixedly equipped with iron cores and coils. The stator barrel is a barrel-shaped structure with end covers at both ends. The center of one end cover is inserted with a rotor shaft through a bearing. The axis of the rotor shaft coincides with the axis of the synchronous shaft. A permanent magnet is fixedly installed on the end of the rotor shaft located in the stator barrel, and a weight is connected to the end of the rotor shaft located outside the stator barrel.

A stepper is fixedly installed on the synchronous shaft. The said stepper includes a stepping wheel mounted on the synchronous shaft and a positioning ball matched with the stepping wheel. The stepping wheel has a recess for accommodating the positioning ball. The balls are spring-mounted to the synchronizer's housing.

After adopting the technical scheme, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The blades deflect synchronously, with good consistency, and avoid uneven force caused by asynchronous blades;

2. The initial tension of blade deflection can be easily adjusted, thereby adjusting the power output curve of the wind turbine; realizing adjustable and flexible pitch, greatly improving the efficiency of the wind turbine. Reduce damage to generators caused by extremely strong winds.

3. A self-generating device is installed on the synchronous shaft, which is used in conjunction with an electronic control device to facilitate automatic control. No external power supply and other connecting parts are required, and the failure rate is low.

4. Simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a power curve diagram of the utility model.

Detailed ways

As shown in the drawings, the self-energy wind power generator flexible pitch mechanism of the present invention includes a wind wheel 2 with blades 1 installed on it, and the wind wheel 2 is installed at the front end of the main shaft 3 . The wind wheel 2 is a hollow sphere, the rear end of the sphere is fixedly connected to the main shaft 3, the front end is equipped with a windshield, and the circumference of the sphere is evenly distributed with shaft holes for installing the blade shaft. A synchronizer 51 is fixedly installed in the ball, and the blade shaft 4 fixedly connected to the lower end of the blade 1 is inserted into the shaft hole on the wind wheel 2 through a bearing. The synchronizer 51 includes a spherical housing and a synchronous shaft 6 installed in the housing through bearings. The synchronous shaft 6 coincides with the axis of the main shaft 3. The synchronous bevel gear 7 is fixedly installed on the synchronous shaft 6. The end of the impeller shaft 4 passes through The shell of the synchronizer 51 is fixedly equipped with a leaf shaft bevel gear 8, and the synchronous bevel gear 7 meshes with the leaf shaft bevel gears 8 on a plurality of leaf shafts 4 at the same time; the synchronous shaft 6 is also equipped with a worm wheel 9 and a spring seat 9A through a bearing , the spring seat 9A is fixedly connected to one side of the worm wheel 9; the worm 10 that cooperates with the worm wheel 9 is mounted on the wind wheel 2 through a bearing; the coil spring 5 is installed in the spring seat 9A, and the inner end of the coil spring 5 is connected to the synchronous shaft 6 The outer end is connected to the spring seat 9A, so that the worm wheel 9 can drive the spring seat 9A to rotate by adjusting the worm 10, and the pre-tension force of the coil spring 5 can be adjusted. Of course, the blade 1 of the fan should be limited to rotate within a certain angle. In order to limit the rotation angle of the blade, a protruding positioning block can be installed on the blade shaft 4, and the shaft hole of the blade shaft 4 can also be installed on the wind wheel 2. A limiting slot is provided in the center to limit the angle of rotation of the impeller shaft 4 within a certain range. There are many specific means for realizing this. This is a well-known technology in the technical field, and will not be described in detail here.

The worm 10 is transmission-connected with the adjusting rod 18 through gear meshing, and the adjusting rod 18 is mounted on the wind wheel 2 through a bearing, and one end thereof extends out of the wind wheel 2 and is equipped with an adjusting handle. An electronically controlled actuator is also arranged on the worm 10 , and the worm 10 is controlled to rotate through the driving motor in the actuator. Respectively realize manual or electric adjustment.

On the vane shaft 4, a hydraulic shock absorber 19 is also connected by a crank arm, and the structure of the hydraulic shock absorber 19 is the same as that of an automobile shock absorber. One end thereof is connected to the crank arm, and the other end is connected to the casing of the wind wheel 2 . In this way, the rotation speed of the impeller shaft 4 can be slowed down, fast back and forth vibration can be avoided, the service life can be prolonged, and the occurrence of resonance can be effectively avoided.

The top end of the synchronous shaft 6 is fixedly connected with a stator barrel 61, and the inner wall of the stator barrel 61 is fixedly equipped with an iron core and a coil. The center of the cover and the center of the end cover on the other side are inserted with a rotor shaft 62 through a bearing. The rotor shaft 62 coincides with the axis of the synchronous shaft 6. The end of the rotor shaft 62 located in the stator barrel 61 is fixed with a permanent magnet. The rotor shaft 62 One end outside the stator barrel 61 is connected with a weight 64 . When the wind wheel 2 rotates, it drives the stator bucket 61, the iron core and the coil to rotate together, while the rotor shaft 62 is restrained by the gravity of the weight 64 and cannot rotate, so that the stator bucket 61 and the rotor shaft 62 rotate relatively, and the stator bucket 61 , iron core and coil, rotor shaft 62, and permanent magnet constitute a power generating device, and induced potential can be generated in the coil, and the electric energy stored in the storage battery can directly provide energy for the automatic control device and the actuator 17.

A stepper is fixedly installed on the synchronous shaft 6 . The stepper includes a stepping wheel 11 mounted on the synchronous shaft 6 and a positioning ball 12 cooperating with the stepping wheel 11. The stepping wheel 11 has a recess for accommodating the positioning ball 12. The recess can be as shown in the figure 2 is located on the edge of the stepping wheel 11, and may also be arranged on the disc surface of the stepping wheel 11. The positioning ball 12 is installed on the shell of the synchronizer 51 by a spring, and the front end of the positioning ball 12 is inserted into the recess of the stepping wheel 11 by the pressure of the spring. When the stepping wheel 11 rotates, the positioning ball 12 must be pushed against the pressure of the spring. It can only be rotated when it is lifted, so that it can play the role of positioning, so that the impeller shaft 4 can be rotated after the force reaches a certain level difference, so as to prevent the synchronous shaft 6 from frequently rotating.

Of course, the form of the stepper can be various, and its function is to limit the rotation of the synchronous shaft 6 to several gears. Avoid small wind speed changes causing frequent movements of the synchronous shaft 6 .

When in use, the worm 10 is adjusted by wirelessly controlling the actuator 17 of the electric adjustment mechanism to adjust the pre-tensioning force of the coil spring 5, and the coil spring 5 applies a torque to the synchronous shaft 6, so that the initial pitching action is adjusted. wind speed. Of course, the adjustment of the adjusting worm 10 can also be done manually, by rotating the handle to adjust the worm 10 . When the wind blows on the blade 1, the blade 1 facing the wind on the side divides the wind force into two directions of component force, one of which pushes the wind wheel 2 to rotate, and the other component force is to push the blade 1 around the blade. The axis of shaft 4 rotates. When the wind force is less than the set value, the force component is not enough to overcome the pretension of the coil spring 5, and the windward angle of the blade 1 is constant. When the wind force is greater than the set value, the wind blows the blade 1 to overcome the pre-tensioning force of the coil spring 5 and deflects. The greater the wind force, the larger the deflection angle, and the smaller the windward surface of the blade 1. It can play a good role in reducing wind pressure and controlling output power. Fig. 3 is a curve diagram of fan output power and wind speed, the vertical axis P of the graph represents the output power of the fan, and the horizontal axis S represents the wind speed. When the wind speed is S1, the fan starts to have output power. When the wind speed is S2, the output power of the fan reaches the rated power P1. T1 represents the operating power output curve of the fan without pitch mechanism. When the wind speed exceeds the rated power output, the fan If the output power continues to increase and exceeds the rated power, if it is not controlled, it will cause equipment damage and accidents. P2, P3, P4, and P5 respectively represent the power values at the beginning of the pitch change under the conditions of setting different pre-tension degrees of the coil spring 5 in the embodiments of the present utility model, and T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively represent the corresponding conditions output power curve. When the set variable pitch wind speed is reached, the windward angle of the blade 1 changes, and the output power curve of the fan becomes gentle. In a large range of wind speed variation, the output power of the fan is controlled near the rated power P1. Under different working conditions, different maximum output power of the fan can be set by setting different pre-tension degrees of the coil spring 5 to meet various requirements.

Claims (3)

1, flexible paddle changing mechanism of self-energy generating type wind power generator, comprise the wind wheel (2) that blade (1) is installed, wind wheel (2) is installed in the front end of main shaft (3), it is characterized in that: wind wheel (2) is the spheroid of hollow, the spheroid internal fixation is installed synchronizer (51), the rachis (4) that is fixedly connected on blade (1) lower end is inserted on the wind wheel (2) by bearing, described synchronizer (51) comprises spherical housing and by the synchronizing shaft (6) of Bearing Installation in shell, the dead in line of synchronizing shaft (6) and main shaft (3), have synchronous umbrella gear (7) on the synchronizing shaft (6), the end of rachis (4) passes the shell of synchronizer (51) and is installed with rachis umbrella gear (8), synchronously umbrella gear (7) and rachis umbrella gear (8) engagement; Also by Bearing Installation worm gear (9), spring seat (9A) are arranged on the synchronizing shaft (6), spring seat (9A) is fixedly connected on a side of worm gear (9); The worm screw (10) that cooperates with worm gear (9) transmission by Bearing Installation on wind wheel (2); In wind spring (5) the mounting spring seat (9A), the inner of wind spring (5) is connected on the synchronizing shaft (6), and the outer end is connected on the spring seat (9A); Worm screw (10) is in transmission connection by gear engagement and adjustable lever, and on wind wheel (2), the one end stretches out outside the wind wheel (2) and regulating handle is installed adjustable lever by Bearing Installation.

2, flexible paddle changing mechanism of self-energy generating type wind power generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of synchronizing shaft (6) is fixedly connected with stator bucket (61), cored and the coil of inwall fixed installation of stator bucket (61), stator bucket (61) has the round barrel shape structure of end cap for two ends, synchronizing shaft (6) is fixedly connected on the center of a side end cap, the center of opposite side end cap is fitted with rotor shaft (62) by bearing, the dead in line of rotor shaft (62) and synchronizing shaft (6), the end that rotor shaft (62) is positioned at stator bucket (61) is installed with permanent magnet, and rotor shaft (62) is positioned at the outer end of stator bucket (61) and connects weight (64).

3, flexible paddle changing mechanism of self-energy generating type wind power generator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: on synchronizing shaft (6), be installed with stepper, described stepper comprises stepping wheel (11) that is installed on the synchronizing shaft (6) and the place kick (12) that cooperates in stepping wheel (11), have the recess that holds place kick (12) on the stepping wheel (11), place kick (12) is installed on the shell of synchronizer (51) by spring.

Images