CN201151798Y - Three-dimensional fully five-direction woven preform and its weaving equipment - Google Patents
Three-dimensional fully five-direction woven preform and its weaving equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN201151798Y CN201151798Y CNU2008200785721U CN200820078572U CN201151798Y CN 201151798 Y CN201151798 Y CN 201151798Y CN U2008200785721 U CNU2008200785721 U CN U2008200785721U CN 200820078572 U CN200820078572 U CN 200820078572U CN 201151798 Y CN201151798 Y CN 201151798Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a three-dimensional, fully five-directional woven preform as well as a weaving method and a weaving device thereof. Multiple rows or circles of axial harness yarn carriers are added on the chassis of a weaving machine, so that the number of the axial harnesses of the preform is increased. Besides including all the axial harnesses in the traditional four-step three-dimensional, five-directional preform, the three-dimensional, fully five-directional woven preform of the utility model also adds axial harnesses in the cross gaps among the rest woven harnesses, so that the number of the axial harnesses is increased by two times as compared with the number of the axial harnesses of the prior four-step preform, and therefore the axial performance is remarkably enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of 3 D weaving preform and braid method and braiding apparatus, and particularly a kind of improved four step rule three-dimensional five is to braiding preform and braid method thereof.
Background technology
Three-dimensional four-way and five is the novel solid weaving forming technology that grew up in nearly two, 30 years to (or more multidirectional) braiding.The braiding bundle of three-dimensional four-way rectangular weave composite inner extends and crosses one another along space four direction (cubical four diagonals), thereby forms fine and close not stratified overall structure.On the basis of four-way braiding, other specific direction add non-braiding bundle bundle can form three-dimensional five to, six to, seven to and more multidirectional woven composite, play effect in specific direction reinforcing material performance.Wherein three-dimensional five in the 5th to being the braiding axis direction, add yarn bundle (axial bundle) in this direction and can strengthen axial property, be the 3 D multi-directional type of weave of more common practicality.
At present, adopt four step rule knitting skill (hereinafter to be referred as four step rule) to make three-dimensional five to the braiding preform usually, this product exists weak point.As shown in Figure 1, be to adopt three-dimensional five that traditional four step rule obtains cross sectional representation to the rectangular weave preform, at part braiding bundle 1 crossedpath place, have space 3 and do not have axial bundle 2, cause the axial property of this composite can not reach best.In addition, because the effect of braiding bundle 1 tension force, preform is inner can to produce the cross-direction shrinkage extruding, shown in Figure 1A, around described space 3, the position bends to fill space 3 braiding bundle 1 because axial bundle 2 takes up space, and therefore braiding is restrainted 1 be wavy bending on its space direct of travel, bearing load causes the further decline of overall performance well.
Though more than be to be existing three-dimensional five the deficiencies of example explanation with the rectangular weave to product, in the annular assembling-disassembling,, also have same problem in four step rule three-dimensional five because braid method is similar.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is: a kind of three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform and braiding apparatus thereof are provided, in the space that each braiding bundle crossedpath forms, all be formed with axial bundle, to promote existing three-dimensional five axial property and overall performances to the braiding preform.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model comprises:
A kind of three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform, comprise by braiding bundle and axial bundle and interweave the three-dimensional five that forms to braided structure by traditional four step rule knitting skill, it is characterized in that:, also be added with axial bundle along the braiding axis direction described three-dimensional five in the space that the crossedpath of the braiding bundle of braided structure forms.
In preferable technical scheme, in the space that the crossedpath that each braiding is restrainted forms, all be formed with axial bundle.
In preferable technical scheme, the braiding bundle in three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform and other direction beyond the axial bundle also are added with yarn, to form three-dimensional six to weaving preform, three-dimensional seven to braiding preform or more multidirectional braiding preform.
In preferable technical scheme, the shape of cross section of described three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform is the combined shaped of the combined shaped of rectangle, annular, part annular, the combined shaped of a plurality of rectangles, a plurality of annulars, a plurality of part annulars or the combined shaped of rectangle, annular and part annular.
In preferable technical scheme, described braiding bundle and axial bundle all are the yarn bundles.
In preferable technical scheme, the section axial bundle is fibre bundle, piezoelectric bundle, magnetostriction materials bundle or empty bundle.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model also comprises:
A kind of special-purpose braiding apparatus that is used to weave three-dimensional full five-direction rectangular weave preform, on the seam loop chassis, arranging several line direction tracks and column direction track to the rectangular weave mode according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, it is characterized in that: between described line direction track, increase fixedly hanging point of axial bundle yarn carrier, for placing new axial bundle yarn carrier.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model also comprises:
A kind of special-purpose braiding apparatus that is used to weave three-dimensional full five-direction annular braiding preform, on the seam loop chassis, arranging several circular orbits and radiation track to the annular weaving manner according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, it is characterized in that: between described circular orbit, increase fixedly hanging point of axial bundle yarn carrier, for placing new axial bundle yarn carrier.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the utlity model has is:
1. the utility model three-dimensional full five-direction weaves preform, remove all axial bundles that comprise in traditional four step rule preform, also fill it up with axial bundle fully in remaining braiding bundle intersection gap, make axial bundle quantity improve nearly one times than axial bundle quantity in the existing four step rule preform, axial property significantly improves.The structure member, the functional structure integrated component that can be used for space flight and aviation, high-performance ships and light boats, haulage vehicle, building, physical culture, amusement and recreation articles for use etc.
2. the utility model method makes its product have superior overall performance and designability.By the existing two step method three-dimensional five of its three-dimensional full five-direction woven composite of making to the outstanding axial property of woven composite, the strong characteristics of designability that four step rule is arranged again, therefore advantage is outstanding in the advanced composite material of high-strength light is used, and economic benefit is considerable.
3. the special-purpose braiding apparatus of the utility model can be realized the three-dimensional full five-direction braiding under the prerequisite that does not change the machine chassis size.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts three-dimensional five that traditional four step rule the obtains cross sectional representation to braiding rectangle preform;
Figure 1A is the local enlarged diagram of Fig. 1 gap;
Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 C, Fig. 2 D are the actuation cycle schematic diagram of traditional four step rule three-dimensional five to rectangular weave;
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 3 C, Fig. 3 D are actuation cycle schematic diagrames of first kind of implementation method of the utility model rectangular weave;
Fig. 4 is of the present utility model three-dimensional five cross sectional representation to braiding rectangle preform;
Fig. 5 is that schematic diagram is arranged on the chassis of first kind of implementation method of the utility model annular braiding;
Fig. 6 is of the present utility model three-dimensional five cross sectional representation to braiding annular preform.
Description of reference numerals: 1-weaves bundle; The 2-axial bundle; The 3-space; The 4-chassis; The 41-rectangle frame; 42-limit yarn yarn carrier; 5-line direction track; The 51-circular orbit; 6-column direction track; 61-radiation track; 7-braiding bundle yarn carrier; 8-axial bundle yarn carrier; The new axial bundle yarn carrier of 9-; 91-axial bundle yarn carrier is hanging point fixedly.
The specific embodiment
One, in order to make the application's characteristics more outstanding, also can more clearly be understood for the structure and the method that make the application, at first need to introduce traditional four step rule three-dimensional five to the rectangular weave technology.
Tradition four step rule three-dimensional five is being arranged several line direction tracks 5 and column direction track 6 on the chassis 4 of seam loop in rectangular weave, locate in orbit with mobile for yarn carrier 7,8.
In rectangular weave, line direction track 5 is crisscross with column direction track 6, and braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 and the initial arrangement mode of axial bundle yarn carrier 8 on machine chassis 4 are shown in Fig. 2 A, a plurality of braiding bundle yarn carriers 7 are matrix form and are arranged in the rectangle frame 41, and be provided with a row axial bundle yarn carrier 8 between the every adjacent two row braiding bundle yarn carriers 7 in rectangle frame 41, braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 in the rectangle frame 41 also is matrix form with axial bundle yarn carrier 8 to be arranged, the rectangle frame 41 outer limit yarn yarn carriers 42 that also are being spaced.A plurality of yarn carriers 7,8 can move with certain rule repeatedly along track 5,6 among Fig. 2 A～Fig. 2 D, the motion of yarn carrier 7,8 just drives the fibre bundle or the yarn that come out from its unwinding and together moves, its motion was whenever carried out for four steps and is called a circulation, whenever finish after the circulation of motion, urgent rod is just swung between yarn, the yarn of mutually braiding is beaten fell to braided fabric, simultaneously the braided fabric distance (a quite pitch in the braided fabric) that moves upward.Yarn carrier 7,8 is again with circulation of its regular movement then, but continuous like this carry out repeatedly yarn carrier motion, urgent motion, braided fabric output movement just continuous weaving go out three-dimensional braid.
Particularly, four step rule is exactly to be divided into for four steps in a motion cycle of yarn:
In the first step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent lines together with the axial bundle yarn carrier follow to track to the left or to the right (" left side " wherein, the direction on " right side " are parallel with the direction of row, down with) moving alternately one weaves the position (shown in Fig. 2 A) of bundle yarn carrier 7;
In second step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier of adjacent column 7 along row to track up or down (wherein " on ", the direction of D score is parallel with the direction of row, down with) moving alternately one weaves the position (shown in Fig. 2 B) of restrainting yarn carrier 7;
The direction of motion in the 3rd step and opposite (shown in Fig. 2 C) of the first step;
The direction of motion in the 4th step and second opposite (shown in Fig. 2 D) that goes on foot.
Constantly above-mentioned repeatedly four movement step of yarn add urgent motion and the fabric output movement just can be finished the braiding process.
Though more than only be that example has been introduced traditional four step rule three-dimensional five to braiding with the rectangular weave, in its tangible annular braiding, circular orbit wherein is considered as the line direction track, wherein radiation track is considered as the column direction track, its braid method is identical with principle and rectangular weave.
Two, the braid method and the braiding apparatus of three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform.
1, with increase the axial bundle yarn carrier fixedly the mode of hanging point realize rectangular weave:
As shown in Figure 3A, on seam loop chassis 4, arranging several line direction tracks 5 and column direction track 6 to the rectangular weave mode according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, and on seam loop chassis 4, arranging several braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 and axial bundle yarn carriers 8 to weaving manner according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, variation of the present utility model is: increase fixedly hanging point 91 of axial bundle yarn carrier between described line direction track 5, fixing new axial bundle yarn carrier 9 (promptly be equivalent between every adjacent two row axial bundle yarn carriers 8, increase and be provided with the new axial bundle yarn carrier 9 of delegation) on the described fixedly hanging point 91, weave to the braiding process according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five then.
In rectangular weave, be divided into for four steps in the motion cycle of described yarn carrier:
As shown in Figure 3A, in the first step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent lines follows to the track position of a braiding bundle of crisscross motion yarn carrier 7 to the left or to the right together with the axial bundle yarn carrier 8 of this row;
Shown in Fig. 3 B, in second step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent column is along the position of row to a braiding bundle of track crisscross motion up or down yarn carrier 7, and axial bundle yarn carrier 8 keeps motionless;
Shown in Fig. 3 C, in the 3rd step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent lines follows to the track position of a braiding bundle of crisscross motion yarn carrier 7 to the left or to the right together with the axial bundle yarn carrier 8 of this row, and its direction of motion is opposite with the first step;
Shown in Fig. 3 D, in the 4th step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent column is along the position of row to a braiding bundle of track crisscross motion up or down yarn carrier 7, and its direction of motion is opposite with second step, and axial bundle yarn carrier 8 keeps motionless.
The three-dimensional five that the employing said method obtains is to braiding rectangle preform, comprise by braiding bundle 1 and axial bundle 2 and interweave the three-dimensional five that forms to braided structure by traditional four step rule knitting skill, its feature cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 4, described three-dimensional five in the space 3 that the crossedpath of the braiding bundle of braided structure forms, also be added with axial bundle 2 along the braiding axis direction.In the present embodiment, in order to obtain the best preform of axial property, the space that forms at each braiding bundle 1 crossedpath all is formed with axial bundle 2 for 3 li.
2, with increase the axial bundle yarn carrier fixedly the mode of hanging point realize that annular weaves:
As shown in Figure 5, on seam loop chassis 4, arranging several circular orbits 51 and radiation track 61 to the annular weaving manner according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five.As shown in Figure 5, on seam loop chassis 4, also arranging several braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 and axial bundle yarn carriers 8 to the annular weaving manner according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, variation of the present utility model is: increase fixedly hanging point 91 of axial bundle yarn carrier between described circular orbit 51, fixing new axial bundle yarn carrier 9 (promptly be equivalent between every adjacent two ring axial bundle yarn carriers 8, increase and be provided with the new axial bundle yarn carrier 9 of a ring) on the described fixedly hanging point 91, weave to the braiding process according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five then.
In the annular braiding, be divided into for four steps in the motion cycle of described yarn carrier:
In the first step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent ring weaves the position of restrainting yarn carrier 7 together with the axial bundle yarn carrier 8 of this ring along one of clockwise or counterclockwise (" clockwise " wherein, " counterclockwise " are relative braiding axle directions) direction crisscross motion of hoop track;
In second step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent radiation direction is along the outwards or inside position of a braiding bundle of (wherein " outer ", " interior " are relative radiation directions) crisscross motion yarn carrier 7 of radiation track, and 8 maintenances of axial bundle yarn carrier are motionless;
In the 3rd step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent ring is together with the position that axial bundle yarn carrier 8 is clockwise along the hoop track or yarn carrier 7 is restrainted in braiding of crisscross motion counterclockwise of this ring, and its direction of motion is opposite with the first step;
In the 4th step, the braiding bundle yarn carrier 7 of adjacent radiation direction is along the position of a braiding bundle of the outside or inside crisscross motion of radiation track yarn carrier 7, and its direction of motion is opposite with second step, and axial bundle yarn carrier 8 keeps motionless.
As seen, as long as circular orbit 51 that will be wherein is considered as line direction track 5, wherein radiation track 61 is considered as column direction track 6, the operation principle of annular braid method and rectangular weave method is on all four.Because this braid method and rectangular weave are quite similar, no longer state so that decomposition step figure is auspicious at this.
The three-dimensional five that the employing said method obtains is to braiding annular preform, comprise by braiding bundle 1 and axial bundle 2 and interweave the three-dimensional five that forms to braided structure by traditional four step rule knitting skill, its feature cross-sectional view as shown in Figure 6, described three-dimensional five in the space 3 that the crossedpath of the braiding bundle of braided structure forms, also be added with axial bundle 2 along the braiding axis direction.
In the present embodiment, in order to obtain the best preform of axial strength, the space that forms at each braiding bundle 1 crossedpath all is formed with axial bundle 2 for 3 li.The utility model three-dimensional five is to braiding annular preform, remove all axial bundles that comprise in traditional four step rule preform, also fill it up with axial bundle fully in remaining braiding bundle intersection gap, make axial bundle quantity improve nearly one times than axial bundle quantity in the existing four step rule preform, axial property significantly improves.
As seen from the above description, with increase the axial bundle yarn carrier fixedly the mode of hanging point 91 carry out rectangular weave or annular braiding, can under the prerequisite of the size that does not change machine chassis 4, realize that three-dimensional full five-direction weaves.
Below only be described in detail, but that way of realization of the present utility model is not limited to is above several, also has various versions at creation main points of the present utility model.
In the actual production,, can not all add axial bundle 2 for 3 li, that is to say, keep one or more a plurality of space 3 in the space that each braiding bundle 1 crossedpath forms for the sectional dimension that makes preform meets some particular requirement.At this time, in process of production, can be corresponding desire keep the position in space 3, remove axial bundle yarn carrier 8 or new axial bundle yarn carrier 9, pre-fixed gap will appear in the three-dimensional full five-direction that obtains like this braiding preform.
In actual production, the material of braiding bundle 1 and axial bundle 2 is the most common with the yarn bundle, certainly, also can axial bundle be taken as and weave the kinds of fibers of Shu Butong according to designing requirement, mixes woven composite so that form.Axial bundle also can partly be taken as the kinds of fibers that differs from one another, even can be taken as non-fibrous material, as: fibre bundle, piezoelectric bundle, magnetostriction materials bundle etc., to realize the intellectuality of D braided composites.
In the actual production, the shape of cross section of three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform not only can be a rectangle, it can also be the combination of a plurality of rectangles such as cross, T-shaped, square shape, I-shaped, triangle, hexagon or door type, its shape of cross section not only can be an annular, it can also be the partial shape of annular, as arc, fan-shaped or semi-round ring shape, can also be the combined shaped of above-mentioned different shape.The shape of cross section that is described three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform is the combined shaped of the combined shaped of rectangle, annular, a plurality of rectangles, a plurality of annulars or the combined shaped of rectangle and annular.When needing to realize these shapes, those skilled in the art just can accomplish easily as long as correspondingly change the shape on chassis 4.
During actual production, can also add yarn, to form three-dimensional six to weaving preform, three-dimensional seven to weaving preform or more multidirectional braiding preform in braiding bundle and axial bundle other direction in addition that three-dimensional full five-direction weaves in the preform.
More than explanation is just illustrative for the utility model; and it is nonrestrictive; those of ordinary skills understand; under the situation of the spirit and scope that do not break away from claim and limited; also can make many modifications, variation or equivalence, but all will fall within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform, comprise by braiding bundle and axial bundle and interweave the three-dimensional five that forms to braided structure by traditional four step rule knitting skill, it is characterized in that:, also be added with axial bundle along the braiding axis direction described three-dimensional five in the space that the crossedpath of the braiding bundle of braided structure forms.
2, three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all be formed with axial bundle in the space that the crossedpath that each braiding is restrainted forms.
3, three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the braiding bundle in three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform and other direction beyond the axial bundle also are added with yarn, to form three-dimensional six to weaving preform, three-dimensional seven to braiding preform or more multidirectional braiding preform.
4, three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shape of cross section of described three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform is the combined shaped of the combined shaped of rectangle, annular, part annular, the combined shaped of a plurality of rectangles, a plurality of annulars, a plurality of part annulars or the combined shaped of rectangle, annular and part annular.
5, three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described braiding bundle and axial bundle all are the yarn bundles.
6, three-dimensional full five-direction braiding preform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the section axial bundle is fibre bundle, piezoelectric bundle, magnetostriction materials bundle or empty bundle.
7, a kind of special-purpose braiding apparatus that is used to weave three-dimensional full five-direction rectangular weave preform, on the seam loop chassis, arranging several line direction tracks and column direction track to the rectangular weave mode according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, it is characterized in that: between described line direction track, increase fixedly hanging point of axial bundle yarn carrier, for placing new axial bundle yarn carrier.
8, a kind of special-purpose braiding apparatus that is used to weave three-dimensional full five-direction annular braiding preform, on the seam loop chassis, arranging several circular orbits and radiation track to the annular weaving manner according to traditional four step rule three-dimensional five, it is characterized in that: between described circular orbit, increase fixedly hanging point of axial bundle yarn carrier, for placing new axial bundle yarn carrier.
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