CN201146234Y - Broad band omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a broadband omni antenna. Two completely identical two element antennae are collinearly arranged up and down; a 1 to 4 power splitter is inserted in the middle, so that four irradiators are fed with equi-amplitude and homo-phase. A main feed 12 drills through a guide plate 13 to be connected with the input terminal of the 1 to 4 power splitter 26; the output terminal of the 1 to 4 power splitter 26 lead the four radiation oscillators from up to bottom to be fed with equi-amplitude and homo-phase by the feeders 7, 8, 20 and 21; wherein, the four feeder cables 7, 8, 20 and 21 respectively enter a central pipe 11 by a hole at the central pipe 11 and then run out of the central pipe 11, which then respectively enter a sleeve oscillator after running through the lower arm edge of the irradiator to reach the edge of the lower part of the upper arm; the inner and the outer conductor of the four feeder cables are respectively welded at the edge of the upper arm and the feeding points 15, 17, 22 and 24 of the inner edge of the lower arm, thus respectively forming the respective feeding Balun.

Description

A kind of broadband omni-directional antenna

Technical field

The utility model relates to and is applied to communication, in the moving communicating field in all communications network systems as the usefulness that transmits and receives radio signal, frequency coverage is 806-960,1710-2170,2400-2500MHz.Affiliated technical field: Wireless Telecom Equipment, Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology, mobile communication antenna.

Background technology

Because radio communication equipment and electronic equipment are towards multi-functional, miniaturization, ultra broadband and the friendly direction of coordinating with surrounding environment develop, this makes broadband, the research of miniature antenna becomes the hot subject of domestic and international mobile communications industry, it relates to the loading and the reactance compensation technique of antenna, the optimal design of miniature antenna external form, be suitable for the design of the miniature antenna broadband matching network that the different districts signal covers and the integrated design of multiband common antenna, a plurality of frequency ranges are integrated into a kind of trend that a kind of antenna structure is current technical development, also are the motive forces that realizes device miniaturization.Antenna product in the past is to design at different working frequency range, stock size and volume are all bigger, variant communications network system independent design, can be compatible or compatible degree depend on the bandwidth and the corresponding performance of antenna system, adopt frequency and road device during some communication products system integration, be not easy to install, improved cost, and the exploitation all be the directional antenna product, though broadband omni-directional antenna product few in number, complex structure are also arranged, processing cost is higher, and there are some defectives in performance, should not promote, and covers to mobile communication cells like this and caused certain degree of difficulty, therefore develop multiband, miniaturization, simple in structure, broadband omni-directional antenna with low cost is very necessary.

The utility model content

In order to summarize the purpose of this utility model, some aspect of the present utility model, advantage and novel feature have been described here.Should be appreciated that, need not all these aspects, advantage and feature and be included among arbitrary special embodiment.

For solving problem and shortage part and the demand that prior art exists, the utility model discloses a kind of broadband omni-directional antenna, its technical scheme is: identical two binary array antennas conllinear are up and down arranged, one fen four power splitter of middle insertion, main feeder 12 passes the input that location-plate 13 inserts one minute four power splitter 26, the output of power splitter 26 is by feeder line 7,8,20 and 21 make up and down, and four radiating doublets carry out constant amplitude homophase feed, wherein: four feeder cables 7,8,20 and 21 lead the hole of battalion on 11 by the center respectively enters and passes again wherein again, the underarm edge that passes radiator then respectively enters in the sleeve oscillator, to the upper arm its lower edge, its internal and external conductor is welded on the edge of upper arm and the inward flange distributing point 15 of underarm respectively, 17 and 22,24 places form feed Ba Lun separately respectively.Each element antenna consists of, main feeder 12 is led the battalion 11 from the center and is passed, underarm bottom edge from main element 3 penetrates again, distributing point along the underarm inward flange to upper arm lower limb step place connects, inside and outside with constitute feed Ba Lun 6 up and down, the upper arm of main element extends to outer adjustment sheet 2, the end of outer adjustment sheet 2 adds short-circuit piece 4, stretch out sheet probe 5 in the middle part of the bottom surface of main element 3 and stretch in the underarm, as interior adjustment sheet.

Lawn lamp omnidirectional antenna four unit description of drawings

Sequence number	Title	Quantity
				1	The location loam cake	1
2	Outer adjustment sheet	12
			3	Main element	8
4	The outer adjusting loads	2
			5	Interior adjustment sheet	4
6	Feed Ba Lun	4
			7	Divide feeder line 1	1
8	Divide feeder line 2	1
			11	Support copper pipe	1
12	Main feeder	1
			13	The floor, location	1
14	Radome	1
			15	Distributing point 1	1
16	Shielding layer grounding 1	1
			17	Distributing point 2	1
18	Shielding layer grounding 2	1
			19	Illuminating line	1
20	Divide feeder line 3	1
			21	Divide feeder line 4	1
22	Distributing point 3	1
			23	Shielding layer grounding 3	1
24	Distributing point 4	1
			25	Shielding layer grounding 4	1
26	One minute four power splitter	1

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is quaternary array antenna schematic diagram among the invention embodiment;

Fig. 2 is edge feeding technique partial enlarged drawing among the invention embodiment;

Fig. 3 is element antenna cut-away view among the invention embodiment;

Fig. 4 is element antenna cut-away view among the invention embodiment;

Fig. 5 is element antenna sectional view among the invention embodiment;

Fig. 6 is element antenna sectional view among the invention embodiment.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.

In electronic apparatus systems such as modern communications, the antenna system that uses is various, its middle sleeve element antenna has obtained using widely with its good broadband character, but its broadband character does not satisfy the employed frequency range of present mobile communication (800-2500MHz) far away, simultaneously, similar with common even element antenna, the total length of sleeve idol element antenna is taken as the half-wavelength of working frequency range lower frequency limit correspondence usually, and this programme is in order to adapt to the demand of miniaturization, the actual size that adopts is much smaller than λ max/2, (λ max makes wavelength for corresponding farm labourer), we are in omni-directional array antenna, unit its length of coaxial sleeve antenna that adopts is 100mm, much smaller than the length of normal λ max/2=183.5mm.Traditional series feed mode can't satisfy the full frequency band directional diagram and not distort in the broadband omni-directional array antenna, so adopt constant amplitude to avoid the distortion of elevation radiation patytern effectively with equidistant from distance feed (adopting it in the above array of binary) in this programme.Because the electrical characteristics of antenna depend on the relation of tube-in-tube structure and the earth, blank pipe in this programme in the tool has multiple action: as the supporting mechanism of polynary oscillator radiator, as the special ground of antenna, again as the inner wire of coaxial sleeve oscillator, so just satisfied the demand of the high antenna of frame in the actual engineering, feeder line moves towards in middle the heart-nutriment, reduced the influence of feeder line to antenna element, this coaxial (coaxial) mechanism extremely helps the impedance matching of antenna in broadband, the global design scheme is embodied in the accompanying drawing 1 basically, in accompanying drawing 1, electric identical two binary array antennas conllinear are up and down arranged, one fen four power splitter of middle insertion, make four radiator constant amplitude homophase feeds, as shown in Figure 1, so just formed quaternary high-gain broadband omnidirectional antenna battle array, similarly, utilize corresponding power splitter can form high-gain omni-directional antenna battle arrays hexa-atomic or different gains such as eight yuan, these days, the array element distance of linear array can equate, in order to form better directivity and to reduce and pay lobe, also can carry out suitable adjustment to array element distance, become unequal-interval high performance omni-directional antenna battle array, with the network optimization that realizes that the sub-district covers, need to prove, in the quaternary battle array shown in the accompanying drawing 1, middle power splitter has just in time occupied the position and the size of an antenna element, be equivalent to 5 yuan of battle arrays and removed center cell, only antenna gain and beamwidth are had a little influence.So: the signal from communication equipment passes the input that location-plate 13 inserts one minute four power splitter 26 through main feeder 12, the output of power splitter 26 is divided into four the tunnel, by feeder cable 7,8,20 and 21 give up and down, and four radiating doublets carry out constant amplitude homophase feed, four feeder cables 7,8,20 and 21 holes of leading in the battalion 11 by the center respectively enter wherein, the underarm edge that radiator is passed at the multiple place of wearing again respectively enters in the sleeve oscillator, to the upper arm its lower edge, its internal and external conductor is welded on the edge of upper arm and the inward flange distributing point 15 of underarm respectively, 17 and 22,24 places.After the signal from communication equipment entered main feeder 12, all radiating doublets all were energized, and induce surface current on radiating doublet, and then radiated electromagnetic wave like this, passed the PVC radome that surrounds radiator, propagated into free space and went.

In the present embodiment, each unit consists of, as shown in Figure 3, be element antenna cut-away view among the invention embodiment: main feeder 12 passes from center support copper pipe 11, underarm bottom edge from main element 3 penetrates again, distributing point along the underarm inward flange to upper arm lower limb step place connects, inside and outside like this with constitute feed Ba Lun 6 up and down, Ba Lun 6 makes main element antenna 3 reach the full frequency band coupling basically, in order further to improve coupling, make the upper arm of main element extend to outer adjustment sheet 2, the end of outer adjustment sheet 2 adds short-circuit piece 4, so just reach the effect of full frequency band coupling, the outer adjusting of configuration loads the low-frequency range matching properties is improved like this, stretching out sheet probe 5 from the bottom surface middle part of main element 3 simultaneously stretches in the underarm, but do not contact underarm, as interior adjustment sheet, owing to increased interior adjusting reactance compensation, the high frequency characteristics of main element 3 is improved (VSWR＜1.4), the upper end of main element 3 is inserted to go up to locate and is covered in 1, in the positioning plate 13, insert in the radomes 14 under insert the lower end of main element 3, carry out capping then by locating 1 and 13 up and down.

As shown in Figure 2, be the edge feeding technique partial enlarged drawing among the invention embodiment, wherein, 15 is that distributing point 1,16 is a shielding layer grounding 1.In like manner, 17 is that distributing point 2,18 is a shielding layer grounding 2; 22 is that distributing point 3,23 is a shielding layer grounding 3; 24 is that distributing point 4,25 is a shielding layer grounding 4.19 is illuminating line.

In addition, this programme also has following innovative characteristics:

The edge feeding technique

Total array antenna adopts the parallelly feeding mode, but for each element antenna is to adopt the edge feed method as shown in Figure 2, feeder cable passes from central tube, penetrate at sleeve oscillator underarm edge, arrive get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation (the gradual change part) of sleeve oscillator upper arm along the underarm edge, inner wire just is welded on step gradual change place, outer conductor is welded on place, sleeve oscillator underarm inside edge, feed Ba Lun balanced controls have so just been formed, this feed form has guaranteed full frequency band standing-wave ratio＜2, it is a kind of broadband feed Ba Lun method, increase along with the antenna element number, each distributing point of feed is staggered by this way, with the improvement of the not garden degree performance that helps omnidirectional antenna azimuth plane directional diagram.

Oscillator radiator distributed load technology

Shown in the impedance matching property accompanying drawing 3 that improves low frequency end, be mountain font extension socket outer wall at last in mountain word top short circuit at sleeve oscillator upper arm, this measure standing wave reduces to＜and 1.5, played the effect of fine setting, so just make that underarm becomes a kind of dissymmetrical structure on the sleeve oscillator, effectively guaranteed broadband character, the mountain font accounts for 1/2 circle for best.

Compensation technique in the radiator reactance

Stretch out a sheet probe as accompanying drawing 3 to the inwall of bottom main element at main element lower surface medium position, sheet probe does not contact with sleeve oscillator underarm end face, present upright vacant state, this measure has further improved high frequency characteristics, makes VSWR＜1.4 of high frequency

Though the invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but they are not to be used for limiting the invention; anyly have the knack of this skill person; in the spirit and scope that do not break away from the invention; from when can doing various variations or retouching, so being as the criterion of should being defined with the application's claim protection range of the protection range of the invention.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of broadband omni-directional antenna, identical two binary array antennas conllinear are up and down arranged, one fen four power splitter (26) of middle insertion, making up and down, four radiating doublets carry out constant amplitude homophase feed, it is characterized in that: main feeder (12) pass location-plate (13) insert one minute four power splitter (26) input, described one minute four power splitter (26) four feeder cables of output (7), (8), (20) and (21) lead hole in the battalion (11) by the center respectively and enter wherein to answer and pass again, the underarm edge that passes radiator then respectively enters in the sleeve oscillator, to the upper arm its lower edge, its internal and external conductor is welded on the edge of upper arm and the inward flange distributing point (15) of underarm respectively, (17) reach (22), (24) locate, form feed Ba Lun separately respectively.

2, broadband omni-directional antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each described binary array antenna consists of, main feeder (12) is led the battalion (11) from the center and is passed, underarm bottom edge from main element (3) penetrates again, distributing point along the underarm inward flange to upper arm lower limb step place connects, inside and outside with constitute feed Ba Lun (6) up and down, the upper arm of main element extends to outer adjustment sheet (2), the end of outer adjustment sheet (2) adds short-circuit piece (4), stretch out sheet probe (5) in the middle part of the bottom surface of main element (3) and stretch in the underarm, as interior adjustment sheet.

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