CN201133806Y

CN201133806Y - Railway rail longitudinal displacement laser measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN201133806Y
Application number: CNU2007200291360U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宫春勇; 高小群; 赵华
Original assignee: SHANDONG SHENPU AUTOMOTIVE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Shenpu Traffic Technology Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2007-10-22
Filing date: 2007-10-22
Publication date: 2008-10-15
Anticipated expiration: 2017-10-22

Abstract

A longitudinal displacement laser measuring apparatus for a railway rail mainly relates to the measurement of the longitudinal displacement of the rail by a railway public work department, which realizes the measurement on the longitudinal displacement of the rail by adopting a laser measuring technology; the utility model includes a laser emitter, a laser detector and a microprocessor controller; after being mounted and fixed in a shell (11), the laser detector and the microprocessor controller are arranged on the detected rail (23); the laser emitter is arranged on two datum marks (24), (27) of a detecting platform (25) by a bracket (1). The longitudinal displacement laser measuring apparatus has the advantages of being simple to be operated, being convenient to be detected, intuitive and clear display, high measuring precision and paperless data processing, etc. The utility model relates to a more ideal longitudinal displacement laser measuring apparatus for a railway rail now.

Description

Railway track length travel laser measuring apparatus

Technical field

The utility model relates to the measurement of railway department to the track length travel, mainly adopts laser measuring technique, has storage, printing, reaches the laser measuring apparatus of characteristics such as image data is more accurate with no paper at all.

Background technology

Along with improving constantly of national economy, be demand and the competitiveness of raising transportation by railroad on transport market that adapts to transport market, transportation by railroad constantly develops to high speed, heavily loaded direction.And the rail track of China is to develop under the situation of carrying passenger-cargo mixing, because gapless track is intrinsic, its daily servicing and general child's circuit has bigger difference.Railway department must handle every basic fundamental parameter accurately, just can guarantee the traffic safety of circuit.

China railways communications and transportation circuit is divided into uplink and downgoing line, national Ministry of Railways regulation direction to Beijing or from the branch line to the main line, be called as uplink, otherwise from the capital direction or from the main line to the branch line, be called as downlink.Passenger-cargo like this vehicle must strictly be exercised at folk prescription on circuit, i.e. uplink or descending road down; Allowing uplink or downlink to mix anything but exercises.So, the rail track rail is under the acting force of passenger-cargo vehicle, and the rail track must produce the length travel amount; This length travel amount is one of most important underlying parameter in the daily line upkeep of railway department, and what this parameter defined the safe operation of line track and daily servicing must condition.

In the daily servicing operation, the per 50 meters settings of railway subgrade surface are with observation station, and the horizontal reference point on both sides is fixing with mixing the earth cast during roadbed paving.Traditional metering system adopts artificial line of collimation to measure, 2 people respectively stand on the railway bed both sides during measurement, respectively line of collimation is pulled in the reference point center on the roadbed platform, another human measurement standard chi is measured the vertical misalignment displacement of each track in line of collimation and the rail, and these data are recorded on the dedicated notebook, with usefulness for future reference.This mode is measured, and wastes time and energy, labour intensity is big, data precision is low etc.Because after the railroad train speed-raising, the railway bed platform changes to some extent, also relative with requirement strict to the length travel metering system of track, adopt the longitude and latitude collimator to measure.During measurement, lock longitude and latitude collimator and the centering verticality of horizontal reference point and the horizontal location of horizontal direction earlier, simultaneously on 4 tracks of rail, on gauge point, stick graduated scale respectively, see the rule of 4 tracks then with the transit elevation angle, the displacement of camera lens point pointed and mark center is exactly length travel side-play amount, sense data and the record of track.This mode has been improved the shortcoming of manual measurement greatly, and the degree of accuracy of measurement data also is improved, but also has deficiency: (1), longitude and latitude collimator alignment difficulty are big, adjustment is loaded down with trivial details, wind direction is big to the influence of vertical.(2), the collimation difficulty big, influenced greatly by natural causes such as sunlight strength and greasy weather.(3), when transit is observed rule, influenced greatly by human factor.Based on above reason, the improvement that we adopt the laser measurement mode that this is carried out.

The utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is: at the problem that existing metering system exists, provide a kind of have simple to operate, easy to detect, visual clear display, measuring accuracy height, the with no paper length travel laser measurement mode of data processing.

The utility model solves its technical matters institute technical scheme: this railway track length travel laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise generating laser, laser detector and microprocessor controller, after laser detector and microprocessor controller are fixed in the housing, be positioned on institute's survey track, generating laser is positioned on test platform two reference points by support.

Microprocessor controller comprises microprocessor, laser detector, appearance grid chi, refrigerating crystal, fan, constant temperature unit, stepper motor, display unit, storage unit, push-button unit, laser detector, appearance grid chi, refrigerating crystal link to each other with microprocessor by constant temperature unit with fan, and microprocessor links to each other with stepper motor, display unit, storage unit, push-button unit.

Generating laser comprises analog bracket, shell, control and power supply unit, operation keyboard, laser instrument, camera lens, stepper motor, control and power supply unit, laser instrument are fixed in the shell, operation keyboard is fixed in the top of shell, be connected with control and power supply unit, laser instrument and stepper motor, shell is fixed on the adjustment carriage of band stepper motor.By the operation of keyboard, control and power supply unit are adjusted the action of stepper motor and to the laser instrument power supply, according to the requirement of laser power supply, are adopted the pulsed power supplies power supply; Shell is fixed on the carriage of band stepper motor adjustment; Generating laser is positioned on the support of being made up of support level adjuster, rack platform.

Laser detector and microprocessor controller comprise monolithic case and are fixed on rail register pin on the monolithic case, IC-card storage mouth, switch, LCD display, keyboard, photodetection groove, light-seeking display window, location footage number, appearance grid chi, guide-track groove.Laser detector receives detection laser transmitter emitted laser bundle by the photodetection groove, reflects the length travel amount by holding the grid chi; Because it is bigger to hold grid chi temperature influence,, suppress temperature to holding the influence of grid chi so formed a constant temperature system by refrigerating crystal, fan.After control system collected data, processing outputed to LCD display respectively as calculated, IC-card storage mouth carries out the real-time demonstration and the storage of data.

The roadbed test platform comprises rail crossbeam, track, two reference points, test platform, track labeling point, and two reference points are set on the test platform of track the same side, and the gauge point on two reference points and the wild trajectory point-blank.

Constant temperature unit is made up of refrigerating crystal and fan.

The storer of microprocessor control system adopts the IC-card mode to carry out data recording, and is easy and simple to handle, be easy to deposit.

Principle of work:

When adopting the utility model laser testing instrument to measure, transform the reference point on the railway bed.In the tradition, during track laying, indicate gauge point in orbit, respectively there is a cement test platform on the roadbed both sides, and the reference point of a regulation is arranged on the platform, the reference point of this two platform and the gauge point of wild trajectory point-blank, as shown in Figure 5.Now keep the gauge point on the track, increase by a reference point on the test platform, two reference points are promptly arranged on the platform, require on this two reference point and the wild trajectory gauge point point-blank, the distance of platform two reference points is between the 15cm-20cm, as shown in Figure 5.

During measurement, the generating laser frame is adjusted horizontal location on test platform two reference points; Simultaneously laser detector and laser controller are placed on institute's survey track, by observing the light-seeking display window, in the location, real marking point place of track; At first open the power switch of laser detector and laser controller, make it system initialization; Next opens the pulse power switch of generating laser, outgoing laser beam; After laser detector detects laser beam, the microprocessor controller drive stepping motor will be held the grid chi automatically and vertically pass along track from the location, and it is 0 o'clock location that laser detector receives light intensity, and place, location this moment is the vertical misalignment displacement of track; Microprocessor control system automatic data collection signal, processing outputs to LCD display as calculated, IC-card storage mouth carries out the real-time demonstration and the storage of data.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the utility model had is: the centering difficulty that overcomes existing measuring equipment is big, the collimation difficulty is big, it is loaded down with trivial details to adjust, be subjected to characteristics such as human factor and such environmental effects are big, adopt the laser alignment characteristic, utilize metering systems such as laser detector and appearance grid chi location, by embedded control strategy of microprocessor controller and computing method automatic data collection signal, calculating the vertical misalignment displacement of track, is present more satisfactory railway track length travel laser measuring apparatus; It has simple to operate, easy to detect, visual clear display, measuring accuracy height, the with no paper length travel laser measurement mode of data processing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: generating laser structural representation;

Fig. 2: laser detector and microprocessor control system structural representation;

Fig. 3: microprocessor controller schematic block circuit diagram;

Fig. 4: traditional roadbed test platform synoptic diagram;

Fig. 5: the utility model roadbed test platform synoptic diagram;

Fig. 6: pulse power supply circuit schematic diagram;

Fig. 7: microprocessor controller circuit theory diagrams.

Fig. 1-3,5-7 are most preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and wherein: 1 support, 2 support level adjusters, 3 rack platforms, 4 analog brackets, 5 shells, 6 controls and power supply unit, 7 operation keyboards, 8 laser instruments, 9 camera lenses, 10 stepper motors, 11 housings, 12 rail register pins, 13IC card storage mouth, 14 power switches, 15LCD display screen, 16 keyboards, 17 photodetection grooves, 18 light-seekings show, 19 location footage numbers, 20 hold grid chi, 21 guide-track grooves, 22 rail crossbeams, 23 tracks, 24,27 reference points, 25 test platforms, 26 track labelings point.

Embodiment

Among Fig. 1: form generating laser by analog bracket 4, shell 5, control and power supply unit 6, operation keyboard 7, laser instrument 8, camera lens 9, stepper motor 10; Generating laser is positioned on the support of being made up of support level adjuster 2, rack platform 31.

Among Fig. 2: form laser detector and microprocessor control system by housing 11, rail register pin 12, IC-card storage mouth 13, power switch 14, LCD display 15, operation keyboard 16, photodetection groove 17, light-seeking demonstration 18, location footage number 19, appearance grid chi 20, guide-track groove 21.

Among Fig. 3: microprocessor control system comprises microprocessor, laser detector, constant temperature unit, appearance grid chi, stepper motor, display unit, storage unit, push-button unit.Wherein constant temperature unit is made up of refrigerating crystal and fan.

Among Fig. 4: form traditional roadbed test platform by rail crossbeam 22, track 23, reference point 24, test platform 25, track labeling point 26.

Among Fig. 5: form the utility model roadbed test platform by rail crossbeam 22, track 23, reference point 24, reference point 27, test platform 25, track labeling point 26.

Among Fig. 6: form pulse power supply circuit by time base chip U1 and peripheral components, for generating laser provides working power.

7 pin of time base chip U1 meet high level VCC by resistance R 1, by resistance R 2, capacitor C 1 ground connection; 2,6 pin of time base chip U1 link to each other, and by resistance R 3 with the time base chip U1 3 pin link to each other, the time basic chip U1 3 pin export a pulse power; 4,8 pin of time base chip U1 meet high level VCC, 1 pin ground connection.

Fig. 7 is a concrete basic circuit diagram of the present utility model; Microprocessor controller is that accurate transport and placing device chip, U2 are that band the storer EPROM chip, U3 bit microprocessor chip, the U4 that reset are that current potential adjuster chip, Q1-Q4 are that transistor chip, BUZZER are that hummer, LCD are LCD, R12-R23 forms and difference operation device and peripheral circuit are formed by U1.

Wherein: form signal amplification circuit by accurate transport and placing device U1 and peripheral components thereof.

Signal is input to 2 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 by capacitor C 1, resistance R 2, and passes through resistance R 1 ground connection; 3 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 are by resistance R 3 ground connection, 4 pin ground connection; 2 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 link to each other with 6 pin by capacitor C 2, the resistance R 4 that is connected in parallel; 6 pin output signals are input to the P44 pin of microprocessor U3.

Storer EPROM U2 that is resetted by band and peripheral components thereof are formed and are resetted and memory circuit.

7 pin of the storer EPROM U2 that band resets link to each other with the REST pin of microprocessor U3, and meet high level VCC by resistance R 24; 3,8 pin meet high level VCC, 4 pin ground connection; 1,2,5,6 pin link to each other with P01, P02, P03, the P04 pin of microprocessor U3 respectively.

By Q1-Q4 is that transistor and peripheral components thereof are formed the signal broadening circuit.

Signal links to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q1 by capacitor C 3, and by resistance R 5, diode D1 ground connection, resistance R 5 meets high level VCC with diode D1 junction by resistance R 6; 2 pin of transistor Q1 meet high level VCC, and 3 pin are by resistance R 7 ground connection, and by diode D2 and link to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q2; 1 pin of transistor Q2 passes through resistance R 8 ground connection, and links to each other with 3,1 pin of transistor Q3, Q4 respectively by capacitor C 4; 2 pin of transistor Q2 meet high level VCC, and 3 pin are by diode D4, D3, resistance R 9 ground connection; Diode D3 links to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q3 with resistance R 9 junctions; 2 pin of transistor Q3 meet high level VCC by diode D5, and 3 pin are by resistance R 10 ground connection; 2 pin of transistor Q4 meet high level VCC, and 3 pin are by adjustable resistance RT1, resistance R 11 ground connection; 1 pin output signal of adjustable resistance is input to the P43 pin of microprocessor U3 by A/D, D/A converter.

Form and the difference operation device by resistance R 12-R23, be input to P24, P25, P26, the P27 pin of microprocessor U3 by low-pass filter.

Microprocessor U3 adopts a kind of 8 microprocessor microcontrollers of the 78k0 of NEC Corporation series, and the X1 of microprocessor U3, X2 pin connect crystal oscillator Y1 and pass through capacitor C 7, C8 ground connection; The P70-P77 pin of microprocessor U3 connects operation keyboard, and P13, P14 pin connect the IC-card storer;

Form system's display unit by voltage adjuster U4 and LCD LCD and peripheral components thereof.

2 pin of voltage adjuster U4 are by capacitor C 9 ground connection, 3,4 pin ground connection; 8 pin meet high level VCC; 5 pin of voltage adjuster U4 are exported a voltage signal by the diode D6 of reversal connection, and by filter capacitor C10 ground connection, LCD provides voltage for LCD, connect the Vo pin of LCD LCD.

The D0-D7 pin of LCD LCD links to each other with the P50-P57 of microprocessor U3, and meets high level VCC by resistor chain RF; The Rs of LCD LCD, Rw, E pin link to each other with P01, P144, the P142 of microprocessor U3 respectively; The Vdd pin of LCD LCD meets high level VCC, Vss pin ground connection.

Claims

1, railway track length travel laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise generating laser, laser detector and microprocessor controller, after laser detector and microprocessor controller are fixed in the housing (11), be positioned on institute's survey track (23), generating laser is positioned on test platform (25) two reference points (24), (27) by support (1).

2, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 1 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: microprocessor controller comprises microprocessor, laser detector, appearance grid chi, refrigerating crystal, fan, constant temperature unit, stepper motor, display unit, storage unit, push-button unit, laser detector, appearance grid chi, refrigerating crystal link to each other with microprocessor by constant temperature unit with fan, and microprocessor links to each other with stepper motor, display unit, storage unit, push-button unit.

3, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 1 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: generating laser comprises analog bracket (4), shell (5), control and power supply unit (6), operation keyboard (7), lasing light emitter (8), camera lens (9), stepper motor (10), control and power supply unit (6), lasing light emitter (8) is fixed in the shell (5), operation keyboard (7) is fixed in the top of shell (5), with control and power supply unit (6), lasing light emitter (8) and stepper motor (10) are connected, and shell (5) is fixed on the adjustment carriage (4) of band stepper motor (10).

4, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 2 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: laser detector and microprocessor controller comprise monolithic case (11) and are fixed on rail register pin (12) on the housing (11), IC-card storage mouthful (13), a power switch (14), LCD display (15), keyboard (16), photodetection groove (17), light-seeking display window (18), location footage number (19), hold grid chis (20), guide-track groove (21).

5, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 1 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: the roadbed test platform comprises rail crossbeam (22), track (23), reference point (24), reference point (27), test platform (25), track labeling point (26), reference point (24), reference point (27) are set on track (23) the same side test platform (25), and the gauge point on reference point (24), reference point (27) two reference points and the wild trajectory point-blank.

6, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 2 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: constant temperature unit is made up of refrigerating crystal and fan.

7, according to the described railway track length travel of claim 1 laser measuring apparatus, it is characterized in that: storer EPROM U2, microprocessor U3, current potential adjuster U4, the transistor Q1-Q4 that microprocessor controller is resetted by accurate transport and placing device U1, band, hummer BUZZER, LCD LCD, form and difference operation device and peripheral circuit are formed by resistance R 12-R23; Form signal amplification circuit by accurate transport and placing device U1 and peripheral components thereof, signal is input to 2 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 by capacitor C 1, resistance R 2, and by resistance R 1 ground connection, 3 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 are by resistance R 3 ground connection, 4 pin ground connection, 2 pin of accurate transport and placing device U1 link to each other with 6 pin by capacitor C 2, the resistance R 4 that is connected in parallel, and 6 pin output signals are input to the P44 pin of microprocessor U3; Storer EPROM U2 that is resetted by band and peripheral components thereof are formed and are resetted and memory circuit, 7 pin of the storer EPROM U2 that band resets link to each other with the REST pin of microprocessor U3, and meet high level VCC by resistance R 24,3,8 pin meet high level VCC, 4 pin ground connection, 1,2,5,6 pin link to each other with P01, P02, P03, the P04 pin of microprocessor U3 respectively; By Q1-Q4 is that transistor and peripheral components thereof are formed the signal broadening circuit, signal links to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q1 by capacitor C 3, and by resistance R 5, diode D1 ground connection, resistance R 5 meets high level VCC with diode D1 junction by resistance R 6,2 pin of transistor Q1 meet high level VCC, 3 pin are by resistance R 7 ground connection, and pass through diode D2 and link to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q2,1 pin of transistor Q2 is by resistance R 8 ground connection, and by capacitor C 4 respectively with transistor Q3,3 of Q4,1 pin links to each other, 2 pin of transistor Q2 meet high level VCC, 3 pin are by diode D4, D3, resistance R 9 ground connection, diode D3 links to each other with 1 pin of transistor Q3 with resistance R 9 junctions, and 2 pin of transistor Q3 meet high level VCC by diode D5, and 3 pin are by resistance R 10 ground connection, 2 pin of transistor Q4 meet high level VCC, 3 pin are by adjustable resistance RT1, resistance R 11 ground connection, 1 pin output signal of adjustable resistance is passed through A/D, D/A converter is input to the P43 pin of microprocessor U3; Form and the difference operation device by resistance R 12-R23, be input to P24, P25, P26, the P27 pin of microprocessor U3 by low-pass filter, microprocessor U3 adopts a kind of 8 microprocessor microcontrollers of the 78k0 of NEC Corporation series, the X1 of microprocessor U3, X2 pin connect crystal oscillator Y1 and pass through capacitor C 7, C8 ground connection, the P70-P77 pin of microprocessor U3 connects operation keyboard, and P13, P14 pin connect the IC-card storer; Form system's display unit by voltage adjuster U4 and LCD LCD and peripheral components thereof, 2 pin of voltage adjuster U4 are by capacitor C 9 ground connection, 3,4 pin ground connection; 8 pin meet high level VCC, and 5 pin of voltage adjuster U4 are exported a voltage signal by the diode D6 of reversal connection, and by filter capacitor C10 ground connection, LCD provides voltage for LCD, connect the Vo pin of LCD LCD; The D0-D7 pin of LCD LCD links to each other with the P50-P57 of microprocessor U3, and meet high level VCC by resistor chain RF, the Rs of LCD LCD, Rw, E pin link to each other with P01, P144, the P142 of microprocessor U3 respectively, the Vdd pin of LCD LCD meets high level VCC, Vss pin ground connection.