Background technology
Along with rapid development of economy; the infrastructure scope continues to widen; people-oriented and the theory and environment that correlation method Tianjin rules are continually strengthened of protection environment under, the particularly cast-in-situ concrete poured pile foundation of pile foundation has obtained using widely, and almost is the gesture that replaces other bases.Under this background, rotary drilling rig (Rotary Drilling Rig) because of its efficient height, pollute less, characteristics that function is many, adapt to the demand, obtained extensive use in the cast-in-situ concrete poured pile driving construction at home and abroad.
For the quality that guarantees the rig pore-forming and the safety of operation, revolve and dig outer rig and have automatic sounding gear.Its checkout gear is monitoring in real time, with drill bit moves, upgrades at any time with respect to the degree of depth of setting zero point, and therefore, it is dark both can to have measured each brill, and it is dark to measure total brill again.Usually, adopt modes such as rotary encoder, optoelectronic switch detection dial to carry out depth measurement.
Rotary encoder is a kind ofly to convert the geometry of machinery displacement on the output shaft sensor of pulse or digital quantity to by opto-electronic conversion, and this is to use maximum sensors at present.The operating principle of rotary encoder as shown in Figure 1, rotary encoder is made up of grating dish 2 and lens 5, lens 6, light-sensitive element 7, amplification and rectification circuit 8 etc.: grating dish 2 is the plectane of certain diameter, has several slots thereon five equilibrium; Grating dish 2 is coaxial with the power shaft 9 of rotary encoder, and during power shaft 9 rotations, grating dish 2 is with the speed rotation; The light that light source 4 sends is via lens 5, grating dish 2 and lens 6, light-sensitive element 7, the some pulse signals of amplification and rectification circuit 8 back outputs; By calculating the number of rotary encoder per second output pulse, can calculate the current rotating speed of equipment under test that drives power shaft 9 rotations.
The above is the basic functional principle of rotary encoder, and wherein, the rotation of power shaft 9 can be adopted modes such as band transmission, tooth transmission, chain drive.
Fig. 2 is a kind of rotary drilling rig sounding gear structure chart with transmission, the structural concept that it adopts belt driven rotary encoder to rotate.Its operating principle is: by be fixed on the belt wheel on the driving shaft, the belt wheel that is fixed on the driven shaft is formed, when the prime mover driven driving wheel rotates, because the friction between belt and belt wheel drags driven pulley and rotates together, and transmits a determined power.Below, its structure and function are realized being described below:
As shown in Figure 2, pulley 11 is fixed on the pulley yoke 13 by pulley spindle 12, by four bolt, guarantees not have relative motion between pulley spindle 12 and the pulley yoke 13.12 of pulley 11 and pulley spindles are equipped with rolling bearing 14, realize pulley 11 freely rotating on pulley spindle 12.Big belt wheel 15 on pulley 11, is realized the synchronous rotation with pulley 11 by six screw.Small pulley 16 links together by flat key with the power shaft (Fig. 2 does not show) of rotary encoder 1, be connected with bearing support (scheming not show) on being welded on pulley yoke 13 by bearing (figure do not show), be implemented in the fixing of position on the pulley yoke 13, rotate with the power shaft that guarantees small pulley 16 driven rotary encoders 1.Big belt wheel 15 is connected by belt 17 with small pulley 16.Because of being wound with the wire rope that promotes drilling rod on the pulley 11, during the rotary drilling rig bore operation, the folding and unfolding of wire rope is converted into the rotation of pulley 11, and pulley 11 is fixed together with big belt wheel 15 and rotates synchronously, small pulley 16 drives by belt 17, realizes the synchronous rotation with big belt wheel 15; Detect the speed of rotating and be converted into the number of turns by rotary encoder 1, thereby calculate the folding and unfolding length of wire rope, i.e. Zuan Kong the degree of depth.
Adopt the rotary drilling rig sounding gear of this structure, its defective has two:
The one, the elastic deformation of belt and lax skidding influence the accuracy of testing result.Because adopt belt transmission, the belt of flexible material in use produces elastic deformation, the elastic deformation of belt causes the Elastic Sliding between belt and belt wheel, causes transmission failure, causes measurement result inaccurate.And distortion aggravation after belt uses a period of time causes lax skidding, and is even more serious to the accuracy influence that detects.
The 2nd, as the high and replacing difficulty of belt frequency of maintenance of consumable accessory, influence the overall work efficient of rig.Belt slack need in time be carried out the elasticity adjustment, cause and safeguard frequently, and the circumferential sealing of belt, be paperwrapped in outside the pulley spindle, need at first dismantle the downslide wheel shaft when changing belt, pulley spindle is in mast top, and diameter is bigger, the production scene dismounting simple and crude in condition is more difficult, and it is very inconvenient to safeguard with maintenance, thereby greatly reduces the overall work efficient of rig.
The utility model content
At above-mentioned defective, the technical problem that the utility model solves is, a kind of certainty of measurement height is provided, uses rotary drilling rig sounding gear reliable, convenient for installation and maintenance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model rotary drilling rig sounding gear, comprise rotary encoder, pulley, pulley spindle, pulley yoke, described pulley spindle is fixed on the described pulley yoke, described pulley is connected with described pulley spindle by clutch shaft bearing, is wound with the wire rope that promotes drilling rod on the described pulley: also comprise intermeshing gear wheel and pinion; Described gear wheel is coaxial to be fixed on the described pulley; Described pinion is connected with the power shaft of described rotary encoder is coaxial, and is connected with bearing support on being welded on described pulley yoke by second bearing.
Compared with prior art, the rotary drilling rig sounding gear that the utility model provides, the certainty of measurement height, use is reliable, installation and maintenance are more convenient, is specifically:
1, inherited available technology adopting machine driving signal and amplified, the mode that rotary encoder detects has guaranteed the precision and the accuracy that detect.
2, transmission is stable, uses reliable.Owing to adopt meshed transmission gear, can not skid or other similar failure problem, stable gearratio provides reliable guarantee for the detection of drilling depth.
3, easy maintenance, long service life.Owing to adopt Gear Transmission Design, and load is lighter, is guaranteeing that certain lubricating condition was one, 20 year following application life.And, quite easy as the pinion replacing that at first damages parts, in the simple and crude relatively job site of working environment, to compare with adopting the bel-drivenn scheme, effect is more obvious.
The specific embodiment
The utility model rotary drilling rig sounding gear shown in Figure 3 (Fig. 3 is the structure chart of part disassembly status), its form of structure changes the tooth transmission into by the band transmission: be made up of a pair of pitch wheel with specific flank profil profile, when the prime mover driven driving wheel rotates, rely on the contacted gear teeth meshing of two gears, drive driven pulley and rotate together, thereby transmit motion and power.The gearratio of tooth transmission is only relevant with the pitch wheel number of teeth.
Please referring to Fig. 3, the utility model rotary drilling rig sounding gear comprises rotary encoder 1, pulley 11, pulley spindle 12, pulley yoke 13.Be wound with the wire rope that promotes drilling rod on the pulley 11, and be fixed on the pulley yoke 13 by pulley spindle 12, relative position is fixed between pulley spindle 12 and the pulley yoke 13, guarantees that both do not have relative motion.12 of pulley 11 and pulley spindles are equipped with clutch shaft bearing 14, realize pulley 11 freely rotating on pulley spindle 12.Gear wheel 21 is fixed on the pulley 11 coaxially, realizes the synchronous rotation with pulley 11.Linking together coaxially of power shaft (Fig. 3 not the showing) of pinion 22 and rotary encoder 1, be connected with bearing support (scheming not show) on being welded on pulley yoke 13 by second bearing (figure do not show), be implemented in the fixing of position on the pulley yoke 13, rotate with speed with the power shaft that guarantees pinion 22 driven rotary encoders 1.
When rotary drilling rig carried out bore operation, the degree of depth of drill bit position was equal to the folding and unfolding length of the wire rope that promotes drilling rod, and the anglec of rotation that the folding and unfolding length of wire rope can be converted into pulley 11 again embodies.Both transformational relations are as follows:
Setting pulley 11 nominal diameters is R
Wire rope folding and unfolding length is L
The anglec of rotation of pulley is θ °
It is as follows to convert:
The folding and unfolding length of wire rope
Pulley 11 is fixed with gear wheel 21 relative positions, realizes rotating synchronously.Be that pulley 11 turns over θ ° of angle, gear wheel 21 turns over same angle.Gear wheel 21 and pinion 22 engaged transmission are delivered to the rotation of gear wheel 21 on the pinion 22, and by the basic characteristics of transmission properties as can be known, the rotation of pinion 22 can be calculated by its gearratio.And gear-driven gearratio stable (only relevant) with both numbers of teeth, gear wheel 21 is as follows with the transformational relation of pinion 22:
Set gear wheel 21 tooth number Z
2
Pinion 22 tooth number Z
1
Gear wheel 21 rotational angle θ
1°
Pinion 22 rotational angle θ
2°
It is as follows to convert:
The gearratio of big pinion
Big pinion rotation angular relationship is
Because pinion 22 is fixed with the power shaft relative position of rotary encoder 1, and rotates with speed.Be the rotational angle θ of pinion 22
2The rotational angle that ° is equal to the power shaft of rotary encoder 1.As shown in Figure 1, the grating dish 2 of power shaft driven rotary encoder 1 rotates, thereby calculates rotating speed by the checkout gear 3 of rotary encoder 1, and is scaled the rotation number of turns or angle.
Comprehensively as above computing obtains: the conversion relation of the folding and unfolding length of wire rope and the rotational angle of rotary encoder 1 is as follows:
Set encoder rotational angle θ
3°
Conversion relation:
By as above corresponding computing, be scaled the folding and unfolding length of wire rope, output to corresponding electronic equipment terminal (display screen) and show.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, gear wheel 21 should guarantee certain centre distance (machining accuracy by both corresponding pedestal centre bores guarantees) with pinion 22, on pulley 11 and gear wheel 21, corresponding fit dimension and Geometrical Tolerance Principle are arranged simultaneously, satisfy gear wheel 21 and be connected and enough axialities, guarantee gear wheel 21 and pinion 22 engaged transmission stably with the stable of pulley 11.
Above-mentioned gear wheel 21 is big or small pitch circle radius sum with the centre distance of pinion 22, and its accuracy of mesh satisfies general gear-driven accuracy and gets final product.Because of driven loads is very little, also can loosen the part required precision.And the engagement distance can cause certain influence to integral body: distance is less than normal, and pinion 21 is produced certain radial pressure, and the power shaft that is connected in pinion 11 is caused damage; The distance bigger than normal, Rotation With Changing to the time, there is the gap in gear teeth meshing, can in this gap the action can not react; But it is very little that above-mentioned gap impacts accuracy of detection, can ignore substantially.
In addition, gear wheel 21 also should be chosen suitable gearratio with pinion 22.Gearratio is a signal amplification factor, so the big more precision of gearratio is high more in theory, but is subjected to the restriction of sensor maximum speed and big or small gear diameter size in the reality, can not unrestrictedly become big.Preferably, the utility model gearratio is 8: 1, and it is chosen according to being both to have guaranteed the precision that detects, adapts to the restriction of the installation site of rotary drilling rig again.
In the above-mentioned embodiment: between pulley 11 and pulley spindle 12, clutch shaft bearing 14 is installed, realizes pulley 11 freely rotating on pulley spindle 12; Between the bearing support on pinion 22 and power shaft and the pulley yoke 13, second bearing is installed, guarantees that pinion 22 tape input axles rotate with speed.Preferably, clutch shaft bearing 14, second bearing all adopt rolling bearing, are characterized in: friction factor is little, transmission efficiency is high, working service is convenient.
In the above-mentioned embodiment: fixed form on pulley spindle 12 and the pulley yoke 13, and gear wheel in 21 with the fixed form of pulley 11, can adopt welding or forms such as bolt or screw connection; Can be connected by flat key, round key etc. between the power shaft of pinion 21 and rotary encoder 1.Preferably, be connected and fixed by bolt between pulley spindle 12 and the pulley yoke 13, gear wheel 21, can be linked together by flat key between the power shaft of pinion 21 and rotary encoder 1 on pulley 11 by screw.The fixedly connected mode of this kind makes full use of the configuration of rotary drilling rig existing standard, and its installation and maintenance are easy, and cost is lower.
Rotary drilling rig sounding gear of the present utility model, its course of work is: before rotary drilling rig carries out operation, at first adjust drill bit and be in the horizontal plane zero-bit, utilize the zero clearing of equipment drilling depth to be provided with drilling depth is carried out zero clearing and handle; When rotary drilling rig carried out operate as normal, sounding gear carried out plus and minus calculation to the wire rope folding and unfolding length that as above converses, and obtained drill bit in the course of the work with respect to the relative depth of initial zero-bit, was presented at the instantaneous depth that is drill bit on the outlet terminal; Equipment detects and writes down the maximum value of drill bit instantaneous depth simultaneously, is presented at and is the present depth capacity of holing of rig on the outlet terminal.
Be pointed out that existing rotary drilling rig sounding gear also can adopt Synchronous Belt Drives, chain drive or other transmission to replace belt transmission,, but also have some defectives with the technical problem that exists in the solution prior art.For example: adopt the cog belt transmission, do not have the open type cog belt, when changing cog belt, need dismantle lower sheave and could change cog belt, installation and maintenance inconvenience owing to only there being closed profile of tooth band not have on the market; And chain drive is applicable to that speed is not in the very high environment, and needs to adjust elasticity, and application life neither be very high, so not too suitable in this environment.
And adopt the tooth transmission in the utility model, not only transmission stable, use reliable, and easy maintenance, long service life, its compliance is stronger.It adopts simple components to constitute, and installs simple for productionly, and cost is lower, and can not influence the operate as normal of rotary drilling rig.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present utility model; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.