CN201117625Y - Ceramic florescent lamp electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode (cathode). The electrode adopts the ceramic technique that the ordinary electrode is used as an electrode stent, a semi-conductive ceramic layer is covered outside the electrode stent, the ceramic contains electronic emitting material and the ceramic surface is covered by a nano metal layer. The metal layer is formed on the ceramic surface by metal steam absorption and sintering in the process of ceramic sintering. The service life of the fluorescent lamp with the electrode provided by the utility model is up to 30,000 hours, 4 to 6 times longer than the prior fluorescent lamp. The light penetration amount up to 94.71m/W is visible light. Compared with the prior fluorescent lamp, the utility model saves 43 by 47 percent with the same brightness.

Description

Ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of electrode, specifically a kind of electricity-saving lamp electrode (negative electrode).

Background technology

Fluorescent lamp is present most important artificial light sources, extensively is used in the whole world, especially in industry and commercial lighting field.The persistence of its high-effect, good light output, light output, the diversity of color and the ideal that makes it to become in the above-mentioned lighting field long useful life are selected.In the total amount of whole world light that artificial light sources sends, approximately wherein 80% ratio is that fluorescent lamp sends according to estimates.We can say that the quality of fluorescent lamp and huge numbers of families' life are closely bound up.

Fluorescent lamp sell in the market and the various lightings that use in the fluorescent lamp (pipe all is called fluorescent lamp below) that uses, mostly be the fluorescent lamp that electrode that tungsten filament makes is made.Kind electrode is that the fluorescent lamp electrode conduct electrical power enters discharge lamp and the electronics of keeping electric current is provided.Owing to require at high temperature to work, so the electrode material therefor must have low-vapor pressure, not only will guarantee the life-span of itself, and will stop the excess contamination of lamp itself.This pollution occurs with the form that end blackout (deposition) or unwanted lamp air pressure change.In addition, selected material must have enough mechanical strengths, anti-collision, if necessary, enough ductility also will be arranged to allow the manufacturing of complicated electrode geometric shape.Up to the present, tungsten is main material as electrode, when temperature surpasses 2000 ℃, tungsten is the electron emitter that enriches, but in many lamps, high like this temperature is can't be received, and therefore general electrode all adopts emissive material to strengthen the electronics emission, and it normally is coated in certain oxide on the electrode or puts into that the form of electrode occurs during assembling.Because electronics can be fled from the possible probability index of negative electrode and be depended on its temperature T c (K) and the barrier factors on surface, promptly so-called work function, and high-temperature and low work function help emitting electrons.

For cathode life, between the starting period most critical.The optimum working temperature of electronics powder is 900 ℃ on the negative electrode, this moment, the electronics of electronics powder emissivities was stronger, reach at negative electrode before the degree of the required enough heat of heat emission, the cathode surface electric field rises very highly, high like this electric field can make ion quicken to fly to negative electrode, and with very high energy impact negative electrode, in this process, sputter (ion collision causes atomic emissions) takes place.The loss of the emissive material in this process may influence the life-span of fluorescent lamp.In fluorescent lamp, generally want preheating cathode to make the electronics can heat emission, thereby reduce splash effect.Evaporation and these two physical processes of sputter are the greatest factor that influences the fluorescent lamp electrode life-span, and when filling in fluorescent tube with inert gas and gas density again greatly the time, the degree that this phenomenon endangers will weaken greatly.Yet however, the life-span of conventional fluorescent lamps electrode also only is 5000～8000 hours at present.

The bright summation that light source sent in the unit interval is called the luminous flux of light source.The luminous energy that light source sent is to all direction radiation, and the luminous energy for pass through a certain area in the unit interval is called the radiant flux by this area.Light frequency difference of all kinds, eyes are also different to the susceptibility of each coloured light, even the radiant flux of each coloured light equates that visually can not produce identical bright degree, in each coloured light, yellow, green light energy evokes maximum bright sensation.If make level with green light, make its luminous flux equal radiant flux, then concerning other coloured light, the ability that evokes bright sensation is little than green light, luminous flux is also less than radiant flux.The unit of luminous flux is a lumen, is the transliteration of English lumen, is abbreviated as lm.Absolute black body is under the setting temperature of platinum, from 5.305*10 ³Cm ²The luminous flux that radiates on the area is 1lm.For showing the relation of light intensity and luminous flux, luminous intensity is that the luminous flux that the point-source of light of 1 candela sends in unit solid angle (1 surface of sphere) is 1 lumen.For example: the luminous flux of the common incandescent lamp of a 40W is 350---470lm, and the luminous flux of the tubular fluorescent lamp of ordinary straight of a 40W is about 2500lm, is 5～6 times of incandescent lamp.Embodied the efficient of electricity-saving lamp with the size of constant power luminous flux, luminous flux is big more, and its energy-saving effect is good more.Yet, further significantly improve and run into bottleneck with the luminous flux under the constant power, therefore, be badly in need of a kind of generation of new technology.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide the ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode that a kind of energy consumption is low, luminous flux is big, the life-span is long at above-mentioned deficiency.

Fluorescent lamp electrode of the present utility model is to be electrode suppor with conventional negative electrode, be coated with the layer of semiconductor pottery in the electrode suppor outside, described pottery contains electronic emission material, the surface of pottery has one deck nano metal layer, it can strengthen the emissivities of electronics, and described metal level is molybdenum, nickel hybrid metal layer.Described nano metal layer is in the process of ceramic post sintering, forms at ceramic surface by metallic vapour absorption and sintering, and promptly ceramic surface comprises that each micropore that can touch metallic vapour all forms the layer of metal layer.

Ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode of the present utility model, it prepares by the following method:

1) preparation electrode suppor;

2) spraying ceramic powder slurry layer on the electrode suppor, described ceramic powder slurry is made by following materials in weight portion:

Ceramic powder 30～90

Alkaline-earth metal 0.5～9

Rare earth metal 0.3～7

Zirconium dioxide 0.5～3

Guncotton 0.1～1

Electronics powder 2～30

Wherein, magnesium accounts for 10～90% in alkaline-earth metal, and lanthanum accounts for 10～90% in rare earth metal, and above-mentioned material is modulated into the ceramic powder slurry with proper amount of solvent;

3) high temperature sintering solidifies, when sintering curing with nickel and molybdenum roasting simultaneously.

Above-mentioned steps 1) electrode suppor described in can be present conventional electrodes (not containing outer field electronics powder), monofilament double helix or the triple helical that can make with molybdenum filament for example, also can be wound in the cable type triple helical jointly, perhaps adopt major-minor silk formula two spirals or triple helical with a molybdenum filament and several tungsten filaments.The utility model serves as the base silk with one or two molybdenum filaments preferably, at several electrode suppors that tungsten filament is made of the outer winding of base silk, and tungsten filament at first can be wound in one, is wrapped in outside the molybdenum filament again.

Above-mentioned steps 2) solvent in is for ceramic material being modulated into the ceramic powder slurry, these solvents should vapor away in the ceramic post sintering process, can use some organic solvents, for example butyl acetate, methyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, these solvents volatilize easily, finally all can remove, not produce residually, not influence the ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode final properties.

The for example available solvent that becomes to be grouped into by following percent by volume:

Butyl acetate 35～45%

Buty oxalate 10～20%

Methyl alcohol 40～50%

Above-mentioned ceramic material and solvent are modulated into the ceramic powder slurry, the viscosity of ceramic powder slurry can be modulated as required, for example need to form and thicker the viscosity of ceramic powder slurry can be increased when ceramic, need to form and thin can modulate the ceramic powder slurry thinner when ceramic.Above-mentioned material and solvent can be 1: 1～2 to prepare according to w/v, preferably prepare more preferably 1: 1.62 according to 1: 1.2～1.7.

Above-mentioned ceramic powder slurry preferably can be made by following materials in weight portion:

Ceramic powder 50～70

Alkaline-earth metal 1.5～4

Rare earth metal 1～3

Zirconium dioxide 1.5～1.7

Guncotton 0.2～0.8

Electronics powder 10～17.

Above-mentioned ceramic powder can be grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight percentage: aluminium oxide 75～90%, barium monoxide 3～15%, strontium oxide strontia 3～15%, calcium oxide 3～15%.Has intensity preferably by the above-mentioned pottery of firing of forming; yet need to prove; technical staff as ceramic field is easy to expect replace by other compositions, obtains the pottery of better intensity and toughness, and these all belong to protection range of the present utility model.

Above-mentioned steps 3) method of sintering curing is: at first 55～65C heating 15～30 minutes, vacuumize simultaneously; Be warmed up to 650～750 ℃ then, stop to vacuumize, and feed protective gas, be incubated 20～40 minutes; Be warmed up to 1200～1400 ℃ at last, be incubated 30～80 minutes, cooling then is cooled to 150 degree and can removes Buchholz protection.Described protective gas can be a hydrogen.Preferably, the method for step 3) sintering curing is: at first 55～65 ℃ of heating 15～30 minutes, vacuumize simultaneously; Be warmed up to 650～750 ℃ then, stop to vacuumize, protect, be incubated 20～40 minutes with hydrogen; Use nitrogen protection instead, be warmed up to 1300～1400 ℃ at last, be incubated 30～80 minutes, then cooling.

Alkaline-earth metal described in the utility model is one or more in beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) or the radium (Ra).Be preferably in magnesium and calcium, strontium or the barium one or more.

Rare earth metal (rare earth metals) claim rare earth element again, is the general name of scandium in the periodic table of elements IIIB family, yttrium, 17 kinds of elements of group of the lanthanides, and R commonly used or RE represent.

Rare earth metal described in the utility model is one or more in scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) or the lutetium (Lu).Be preferably in lanthanum and yttrium, cerium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, gadolinium, erbium, ytterbium or the lutetium one or more, more preferably one or more in lanthanum and yttrium, cerium, praseodymium, erbium or the ytterbium.

Finger electronic emission material described in the utility model comprises the combination of barium monoxide, strontium oxide strontia, calcium oxide, and the electronics powder, and described electronics powder is meant domestic triplex carbonate commonly used (brium carbonate, strontium carbonate and calcium carbonate) at present.

The utility model adopts pottery as carrier, and electronic emission material is embedded in wherein, and pottery is permanent material, high temperature resistant, intensity good, shock-resistant, non-friable, do not peel off, in addition, adopt pottery to do carrier, its electronics reserves are big, durable.And the ceramic dense degree is good, and therefore good heat conductivity can start under lower voltage (160V or lower) and temperature (400～480 ℃) and launch electronics, can significantly reduce cathodic sputtering like this, improves useful life.And conventional electrodes is because the electronics powder applies in the above poor heat conductivity, start-up temperature height (900 ℃).Pottery also possesses the function of absorption in addition, and the atomic component that sputter is gone out can also turn back in the pottery, thereby can further reduce the loss of cathodic sputtering.Reach 30,000 hours the useful life of the utility model electrode, is 4～6 times of conventional fluorescent lamps.

And, the emission measure of electronics can be regulated by material, starting back electronics 100% with conventional fluorescent lamps launches different, electronics emission of the present utility model is not to launch fully, by regulating, the emission measure of electronics can be controlled at the state that has just utilized, therefore, light source is pure, and nearly 100% is visible light.The brightness of the utility model fluorescent lamp 28W can compare favourably with the brightness of present fluorescent lamp 40W, and the utility model fluorescent light is limpid more bright.Compare indirect economize on electricity with present fluorescent lamp and can reach 30%.In addition, as previously mentioned because the utility model fluorescent lamp is a cold-starting, can launch electronics for 400～480 ℃, working temperature is low, and present fluorescent lamp needs high startup temperature, the working temperature height, therefore, even under equal-wattage, but the utility model fluorescent lamp also energy efficient reach 13～17%.Therefore overall energy-conservationly reach 43～47%.

Public illumination (referring to 12 meters high bar road lamps) is that the 450W mercury lamp that adopts (needs rectifier, power is 12W), it has the advantage of long service life (about 20,000 hours), and present fluorescent lamp can't be replaced because useful life is short, but the mercury lamp light efficiency is poor, ultraviolet ray, infrared ray occupy 70%, lamp Wen Gaoda 300 degree, and energy consumption is big.And the fluorescent lamp that adopts the utility model electrode only needs 150W can replace the mercury lamp of 450W, energy-conservationly reaches 70%, and cleans unglazed evil.

In addition, the tube diameter of the fluorescent lamp equal-wattage of employing the utility model electrode is littler by 2/3 than present electricity-saving lamp, and the fluorescent lamp that the fluorescent tube of Φ 16mm can be equivalent to present fluorescent lamp Φ 50mm or Φ 40mm uses, and saves glass 60%, saves fluorescent material 60%.In addition, not only because useful life but also length, under the situation of identical service time, the replacing number of times of conventional fluorescent lamps is 4～6 times of the utility model fluorescent lamp, therefore, the utility model has significantly reduced pollution because of the discarded pollution that produces of breakage only is equivalent to 1/12～1/16 of present fluorescent lamp, thereby environmental protection more.In addition, adopt the fluorescent lamp of the utility model electrode, because light source nearly 100% is a visible light, unglazed evil more helps health.

From the above, adopt the fluorescent lamp of the utility model electrode to have advantages such as long, energy-conservation, material-saving of life-span, environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model fluorescent lamp electrode;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 filament after amplifying, and wherein, 1 be the base silk, and 2 is auxilliary, and 3 is ceramic layer.

Embodiment

Further set forth the utility model below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Should be appreciated that these embodiment only are used to illustrate the utility model, and can not limit protection range of the present utility model.

As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, electrode suppor is to be made of a foundation silk 1 and two auxilliary silks 2, and auxilliary silk 2 is wrapped in the outside of base silk 1, is coated with layer of semiconductor pottery 3 on electrode suppor.Described pottery contains electronic emission material, and the surface of pottery has one deck nickel, molybdenum mixed layer, and it has the emissivities that strengthen electronics.

The utility model ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode can prepare by the following method:

Material

Electrode suppor material: molybdenum filament (Φ 0.2mm), tungsten filament (Φ 0.1mm)

Ceramic powder: aluminium oxide 450g, barium monoxide 80g, strontium oxide strontia 58g, calcium oxide 12g

Alkaline-earth metal: magnesium 15g, calcium 10g, strontium 10g

Rare earth metal: lanthanum 10g, cerium 5g, erbium 5g

Zirconium dioxide 15g

Guncotton 4g

Electronics powder 150g (brium carbonate 84g, strontium carbonate 57g, calcium carbonate 9g)

Solvent: butyl acetate 531ml, buty oxalate 199ml, methyl alcohol 597ml

Method

1) gets 2 tungsten filaments, it closely is wrapped on two molybdenum filaments, promptly get electrode suppor;

2) ceramic powder, alkaline-earth metal, rare earth metal, zirconium dioxide, guncotton and electronics powder are mixed into the powder slurry with solvent;

3) electrode suppor is dipped in the ceramic powder slurry, and put into stove and carry out sintering curing, insert molybdenum piece (or molybdenum powder) and nickel block (or nickel powder) in the stove in advance, its condition is as follows: at first vacuumize, pressure is not less than 10MPa, is heated to 60 ℃ of insulation 20min; Be warmed up to 700 ℃ then, stop to vacuumize, and feed protective gas hydrogen, insulation 30min; Use nitrogen instead as protective gas, be warmed up to 1370 ℃ at last, be incubated 60 minutes, cooling then is cooled to 150 degree and takes out.

Adopt above-mentioned electrode preparation to become the 40W straight tube fluorescent lamp, after testing, it can start under 160V voltage, and start-up temperature is 400 ℃, luminous flux 94.71m/W, and visible light 99.8%, can reach 30,000 hours useful life.

Claims (4)

1. ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode is characterized in that this electrode comprises that the conductive electrode support is coated with the layer of semiconductor pottery in the electrode suppor outside, and described pottery contains electronic emission material, and the surface of pottery has one deck nano metal layer.

2. electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described metal level is nickel, molybdenum mixed layer.

3. electrode as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that described electrode suppor is serves as the base silk with one or two molybdenum filaments, makes at several tungsten filaments of the outer winding of base silk.

4. a light fixture is characterized in that, this light fixture contains each described ceramic fluorescent lamp electrode of claim 1～3.

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