CN201107288Y - Chemical reaction mole enthalpy change measuration experimental instrument - Google Patents
Chemical reaction mole enthalpy change measuration experimental instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN201107288Y CN201107288Y CNU2007200326374U CN200720032637U CN201107288Y CN 201107288 Y CN201107288 Y CN 201107288Y CN U2007200326374 U CNU2007200326374 U CN U2007200326374U CN 200720032637 U CN200720032637 U CN 200720032637U CN 201107288 Y CN201107288 Y CN 201107288Y
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- calorimeter
- digital display
- enthalpy change
- cup
- chemical reaction
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a laboratory instrument for measuring chemical reaction molar enthalpy change. An electromagnetic agitator is arranged inside a shell, a heat meter reacting cup is arranged above the electromagnetic agitator inside the shell and is provided with a batch feeder and heat meter covers of two temperature sensors which are connected with a thermometer displaying digital through leads, the shell is provided with two digital display thermometers, a stopwatch, a control switch, a potentiometer connected with the electromagnetic agitator through leads, and a digital display thermometer switch connected with the digital display thermometer through leads. The heat meter reacting cup is an interlayer polymethyl methacrylate cup, the bottom surface is a plane, and the heat loss is very less. A test is carried out by adopting the utility model, the relative standard deviation of the measured results for ten times is 0.58 percent, and the relative error of the measured molar enthalpy change and the theoretical value is 2.0 percent. The laboratory instrument has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, accurate measured result, quick experiment speed, etc., and can be used and popularized in the chemical experiment class in colleges and universities.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to chemical experiment technique field, is specifically related to chemical reaction mole enthalpy change determination experiment instrument.
Background technology
" mensuration of chemical reaction heat " is the experiment content of stipulating in university's " general chemistry " and the basic demand of " inorganic chemistry " course experiment teaching.Generally with " mensuration of chemical reaction mole enthalpy change " as experimental project, promptly adopt quantitative copper-bath and excessive zinc powder in thermos cup, to react, the Δ T that tries to achieve reaction with the extrapolation graphing method calculates the mole enthalpy change of reaction.This experiment principle and method generally acknowledge for everybody that in teaching practice for many years, most of universities and colleges adopt a thermos cup and a microthermometer (having 0.1 ℃ of calibration), magnifier, stopwatch to wait and finish this experiment.Student's experimental result shows, this operation is difficult to obtain satisfactory experimental results, the experimental measurements of being measured is poor, the non-linear relation of relation that temperature of reaction changed with the reaction time, the relative error of experimental result and theoretical value surpasses 10%, even bigger, can't make science that the student obtains to test, reliably give birth to and the training of accuracy.Therefore, the improvement of this experimental apparatus and method is imperative.In the chemical experiment teaching of institution of higher education, the current technical matters that presses for solution provides a kind of determination experiment instrument of simple chemical reaction enthalpy change
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned chemical reaction mole enthalpy change determination experiment device, and a kind of reasonable in design, simple to operate, measurement result chemical reaction mole enthalpy change determination experiment instrument accurately is provided.
The technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is: magnetic stirrer is set in housing, the magnetic stirrer top is provided with the calorimeter reaction cup on the housing, the calorimeter lid that feeder and two temperature sensors are installed is set on the calorimeter reaction cup, temperature sensor is connected with digital display thermometer by lead, the potentiometer that housing is provided with two digital display thermometers, stopwatch, gauge tap, be connected with magnetic stirrer by lead, the digital display thermometer switch that is connected with digital display thermometer by lead.
Feeder of the present utility model is: be provided with the valve lever cover in the feeder housing, be provided with in the valve lever cover valve lever that spring and lower end connect with valve is installed.
The lower surface of valve of the present utility model is the plane, and upper surface is a sphere.
Calorimeter reaction cup of the present utility model is an interlayer polymethylmethacrylate cup, and the bottom surface of calorimeter reaction cup is the plane.
The utility model is provided with magnetic stirrer under the calorimeter reaction cup, make the reactant in the calorimeter reaction cup can carry out chemical reaction fully, the feeder of band valve is set on the calorimeter reaction cup, the calorimeter reaction cup is a Double-layered cup, the calorimeter reaction cup adopts the less polymethylmethacrylate of heat-conduction coefficient to make, and the bottom surface is the plane, the calorimeter reaction cup of this structure, thermal loss is very little, and the calorie value of being tested is accurate.Employing the utility model experimentizes, and the relative standard deviation of ten measurement results is 0.58%, and the mole enthalpy change of being measured and the relative error of theoretical value are 2.0%.The utlity model has advantages such as reasonable in design, simple in structure, that test result is accurate, speed of experiment is fast, can in the chemical experimental courses of institution of higher education, promote the use of.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of feeder 5 among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described, but the utility model is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
In Fig. 1, the chemical reaction mole enthalpy change determination experiment instrument of present embodiment is made of housing 1, digital display thermometer 2, calorimeter reaction cup 3, calorimeter lid 4, feeder 5, temperature sensor 6, gauge tap 7, magnetic stirrer 8, potentiometer 9, digital display thermometer switch 10, stopwatch 11 connections.
Magnetic stirrer 8 is installed in housing 1, directly over magnetic stirrer 8 on the housing 1, place calorimeter reaction cup 3, magnetic stirrer 8 is used for the chemical reactant in the calorimeter reaction cup 3 is stirred, make the chemical reactant accelerated reaction, calorimeter reaction cup 3 is used for chemical reactant and carries out exothermic chemical reaction within it, the calorimeter reaction cup 3 of present embodiment is a Double-layered cup, calorimeter reaction cup 3 adopts the less polymethylmethacrylate of heat-conduction coefficient to make, the bottom surface of calorimeter reaction cup 3 is the plane, the calorimeter reaction cup 3 of this structure, thermal loss is very little, and the calorie value of being tested is accurate.Be stamped calorimeter lid 4 in the upper end of calorimeter reaction cup 3, on the calorimeter lid 4 feeder 5 and two temperature sensors 6 be installed, temperature sensor 6 is inserted in the calorimeter reaction cup 3.Two digital display thermometers 2 are installed on housing 1, each digital display thermometer 2 is connected with a temperature sensor 6 respectively by lead, when the test chemical reactant carries out temperature variation in the chemical reaction process, with a digital display thermometer 2, temperature sensor 6 will receive in the calorimeter reaction cup 3 chemical reactants to carry out chemical reaction institute liberated heat and converts electric signal to and output to digital display thermometer 2, demonstrates chemical reactants in the calorimeter reaction cup 3 by digital display thermometer 2 and carries out temperature variation in the chemical reaction process.Test with two digital display thermometers 2 during the thermal capacitance of test calorimeter reaction cup 3.Stopwatch 11 also is installed on housing 1, two digital display thermometer switches 10, gauge tap 7, potentiometer 9, stopwatch 11 is used for writing down the time that calorimeter reaction cup 3 interior chemical reactants carry out the chemical reaction process temperature variation, magnetic stirrer 8 is regulated rotating speed by potentiometer 9, open gauge tap 7, magnetic stirrer 8 runnings, chemical reactant in the calorimeter reaction cup 3 is stirred, digital display thermometer switch 10 is connected with digital display thermometer 2 by lead, temperature variation when the chemical reactant in the test calorimeter reaction cup 3 carries out chemical reaction should be opened digital display thermometer switch 10 and writing time earlier.
The feeder 5 of present embodiment is made of valve lever cover 5-1, valve lever 5-2, gusset 5-3, spring 5-4, valve 5-5, feeder housing 5-6 connection.Valve lever cover 5-1 is installed in the feeder housing 5-6, valve lever cover 5-1 is that three gusset 5-3 of 120 ° are fixedly connected in feeder housing 5-6 with space in the same plane, in the valve lever cover 5-1 valve lever 5-2 is installed, spring 5-4 is installed on the valve lever 5-2, the lower end of valve lever 5-2 connects with valve 5-5 by screw thread, and valve 5-5 is positioned at the lower end of feeder housing 5-6.The lower surface of present embodiment valve 5-5 is the plane, and upper surface is a sphere, under the elastic force effect of spring 5-4, and the valve 5-5 lower end sealing in the housing 1 of will feeding in raw material.Chemical reactant can join from the upper end of reinforced housing 1 in the reinforced housing 1, when reinforced, the experimenter presses valve lever 5-2 downwards, valve lever 5-2 moves down, valve 5-5 moves down, valve 5-5 opens, and the chemical reactant in the feeder housing 5-6 flows to from the gap between valve 5-5 and the feeder housing 5-6 lower end and carries out chemical reaction in the calorimeter reaction cup 3.
Carry out chemical reaction with zinc and copper sulphate and illustrate that principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:
Measure 0.16～0.2mol.L of 100mL by the mol ratio of chemical reactant
-1Copper-bath join in the calorimeter reaction cup 3, in calorimeter reaction cup 3, put into the stirring magneton, take by weighing the zinc powder of 2.4g, in the feeder 5 of packing into, build calorimeter lid 4, insert temperature sensor 6, calorimeter reaction cup 3 is placed on the magnetic stirrer 8, opens control gauge tap 7, the stirring rate of regulating magnetic stirrer 8 with potentiometer 9 is 200r/min, press stopwatch 11 simultaneously, every the temperature of 15～30 seconds record primary first-order equation things.After initial temperature tends to balance, press the valve lever 5-2 of feeder 5, add the zinc powder in the feeder 5 rapidly, by temperature every 6～10 seconds measuring space calorimeter reaction cup 3 internal reaction things, after temperature rises to peak, continuation stops test with the temperature of chemical reactant in 15～-30 seconds test calorimeter reaction cup 3 when being reduced to 0.5～0.6 ℃.(1) formula of utilization can calculate the mole enthalpy change of reaction.
Δ
rH
m＝-(V
sρ
sc
s+C
b)ΔT/{c(CuSO
4)·V
s} (1)
(1) Δ in the formula
rH
mBe mole enthalpy change (kJmol
-1), V
sFor reacting the volume (mL) of back solution, ρ
sFor reacting the density (getting 1.03g/mL) of back solution, c
sFor the specific heat capacity of reacting back solution (is got 4.18Jg
-1K
-1), Δ T is the temperature lift-off value (being determined by the mapping extrapolation method) of solution before and after the reaction, c (CuSO
4) be CuSO
4Concentration (the molL of solution
-1), C
bBe the thermal capacitance of calorimeter reaction cup 3, C
bValue is 22.5JK
-1
Claims (4)
1, a kind of chemical reaction mole enthalpy change determination experiment instrument, it is characterized in that: magnetic stirrer (8) is set in housing (1), housing (1) is gone up magnetic stirrer (8) top and is provided with calorimeter reaction cup (3), go up the calorimeter lid (4) that setting is equipped with feeder (5) and two temperature sensors (6) in calorimeter reaction cup (3), temperature sensor (6) is connected with digital display thermometer (2) by lead, and housing (1) is provided with two digital display thermometers (2), stopwatch (11), gauge tap (7), the potentiometer (9) that is connected with magnetic stirrer (8) by lead, the digital display thermometer switch (10) that is connected with digital display thermometer (2) by lead.
2, according to the described chemical reaction mole of claim 1 enthalpy change determination experiment instrument, it is characterized in that said feeder (5) is: be provided with valve lever cover (5-1) in the feeder housing (5-6), be provided with in the valve lever cover (5-1) valve lever (5-2) that spring (5-4) and lower end connect with valve (5-5) is installed.
3, according to the described chemical reaction mole of claim 1 enthalpy change determination experiment instrument, it is characterized in that: the lower surface of said valve (5-5) is the plane, and upper surface is a sphere.
4, according to the described chemical reaction mole of claim 1 enthalpy change determination experiment instrument, it is characterized in that: said calorimeter reaction cup (3) is interlayer polymethylmethacrylate cup, and the bottom surface of calorimeter reaction cup (3) is the plane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200326374U CN201107288Y (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Chemical reaction mole enthalpy change measuration experimental instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200326374U CN201107288Y (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Chemical reaction mole enthalpy change measuration experimental instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201107288Y true CN201107288Y (en) | 2008-08-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200326374U Expired - Fee Related CN201107288Y (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Chemical reaction mole enthalpy change measuration experimental instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN201107288Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069018A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | 艾迪技术创新私人有限公司 | Experiment tool set for studying solidification and liquefaction phenomena |
| CN102103095A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 广西民族大学 | New method for researching one-dimensional nano ZnO standard molar formation enthalpy |
| CN102103096A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of tetragonal nanometer ZnO |
| CN102169099A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-08-31 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of short bar-shaped nanometer ZnO |
-
2007
- 2007-08-31 CN CNU2007200326374U patent/CN201107288Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102069018A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-25 | 艾迪技术创新私人有限公司 | Experiment tool set for studying solidification and liquefaction phenomena |
| CN102069018B (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2014-10-29 | 艾迪技术创新私人有限公司 | Experiment tool set for studying solidification and liquefaction phenomena |
| CN102103095A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 广西民族大学 | New method for researching one-dimensional nano ZnO standard molar formation enthalpy |
| CN102103096A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of tetragonal nanometer ZnO |
| CN102169099A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-08-31 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of short bar-shaped nanometer ZnO |
| CN102103095B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-09-12 | 广西民族大学 | New method for researching one-dimensional nano ZnO standard molar formation enthalpy |
| CN102103096B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-09-12 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of tetragonal nanometer ZnO |
| CN102169099B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-10-24 | 广西民族大学 | Method for researching standard molar formation enthalpy of short bar-shaped nanometer ZnO |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080827 Termination date: 20110831 |