CN201060581Y

CN201060581Y - Gravitational acceleration measurement demonstrator

Info

Publication number: CN201060581Y
Application number: CNU2007201103316U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-06-14
Filing date: 2007-06-14
Publication date: 2008-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2017-06-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gravitational acceleration measure demonstration instrument comprising a base assembly (6) and a plumb line assembly (2). The base assembly (6) is vertically provided with a scale (4) which is provided with at least one photoelectric timer (3). The top of the scale (4) is provided with an electric magnet (1). Moreover, the scale (4) is also provided with a control box (5) for controlling the electric magnet (1) and the photoelectric timer (3). The gravitational acceleration measure demonstration instrument of the utility model integrates data collection and display.

Description

Acceleration of gravity is measured demonstrator

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of acceleration of gravity and measures demonstrator.

Background technology

Existing acceleration of gravity is measured and apparatus for demonstrating, because data acquisition and result's demonstration is not on same device; Therefore make complicated operating process, be not easy to the measurement and the demonstration of acceleration of gravity.Said apparatus also exists the display window defective less than normal that is used to show experimental result data, therefore is not easy to everybody and observes, and causes demonstrating DeGrain.

The utility model content

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of data acquisition and incorporate acceleration of gravity of demonstration can realized and measures demonstrator.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of acceleration of gravity to measure demonstrator, comprises base assembly and plumb line assembly, is provided with rule on base assembly vertically, on rule, be provided with at least one phototimer, be provided with electromagnet at the top of rule; Also be provided with the control enclosure that is used to control electromagnet and phototimer on the rule.

Measure the improvement of demonstrator as acceleration of gravity of the present utility model: phototimer comprises the box body that links to each other with rule, be respectively equipped with falling sphere photoelectric sensing window, digital display window and power supply and control signal input socket on box body, power supply and control signal input socket link to each other with digital display circuit with the timing that is positioned at box body.

Measure the further improvement of demonstrator as acceleration of gravity of the present utility model: timing is made up of the falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit, single chip circuit and the display circuit that link to each other successively with digital display circuit, and power supply and control signal input socket link to each other with single chip circuit.

Measure the further improvement of demonstrator as acceleration of gravity of the present utility model: control enclosure comprises the box body that is fixed on the rule, on box body, be respectively equipped with startup photoelectric sensing window and power supply and control signal output ends, in box body, be provided with continuous power supply and governor circuit; Governor circuit links to each other with electromagnet with power supply and control signal output ends respectively; Power supply and control signal output ends link to each other with power supply and control signal input socket.

Measure the further improvement of demonstrator as acceleration of gravity of the present utility model: governor circuit comprises startup photoelectric sensing circuit, falling sphere control signal circuit and the control circuit for electromagnet that links to each other successively; Falling sphere control signal circuit links to each other with power supply and control signal output ends, and control circuit for electromagnet links to each other with electromagnet.

Measure the further improvement of demonstrator as acceleration of gravity of the present utility model: base assembly comprises base, on base, be provided with the rule pedestal, rule links to each other with the rule pedestal, be provided with the AC Power supply socket that has power switch that links to each other with power supply at the rule pedestal, on base, also be separately installed with horizontal adjustment spiral and falling sphere passage, being centered close on the same perpendicular line of the center of the entrance point of falling sphere passage and electromagnet.

Acceleration of gravity of the present utility model is measured demonstrator, and data acquisition and Display Realization in acceleration of gravity being measured and demonstrated are integrated, make data presentation simple and clear; Therefore have advantages such as automaticity and measuring accuracy height, synchronism are strong, single job can be measured a plurality of data, easy to use.Acceleration of gravity of the present utility model is measured the use that demonstrator is particularly suitable for school and R﹠D institution, is a kind of experimental demonstration device with extensive promotional value.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that acceleration of gravity of the present utility model is measured demonstrator;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the phototimer 3 among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the control enclosure 5 among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the timing among Fig. 2 and the physical circuit figure of digital display circuit 34;

Fig. 5 is the physical circuit figure of the governor circuit 55 among Fig. 3.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1, a kind of acceleration of gravity are measured demonstrator, are made up of electromagnet 1,

plumb line assembly

2,3 phototimers 3, rule 4, control enclosure 5 and base assemblies 6.

Base assembly 6 comprises base 61, and rule pedestal 62 is fixedly installed on the base 61.On rule pedestal 62, be provided with the AC Power supply socket 63 that has power switch, on base 61, also be respectively equipped with horizontal adjustment spiral 64 and falling sphere passage 65.

Rule 4 vertically is arranged on the rule pedestal 62 regularly, and for the ease of carrying, rule 4 can be designed to the folding shape of bipartial up and down.Be provided with electromagnet 1 at the top of rule 4; Being centered close on the same perpendicular line of the entrance point 651 of the center of electromagnet 1 and falling sphere passage 65.

Be provided with 3 phototimers 3 on rule 4, these 3 phototimers 3 lay respectively at the differing heights position of rule 4.Each phototimer 3 comprises box body 31, has dug falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32 and digital display window 33 on box body 31, also is provided with power supply and control signal input socket 35 on box body 31; In box body 31, be provided with timing and digital display circuit 34.This timing is made up of the falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341 that links to each other successively, single chip circuit 342 and display circuit 343 with digital display circuit 34.Falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341 is corresponding to falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32, and promptly light can see through falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32 and received by falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341.Display circuit 343 is corresponding to digital display window 33, and promptly display circuit 343 data presented can show through digital display window 33, are convenient to user's observed data.Single chip circuit 342 links to each other with power supply and control signal input socket 35.Timing and digital display circuit 34 specifically can adopt circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4.

Because the short transverse along rule 4 has 0.5 centimetre of wide stria on rule 4, so box body 31 can slide up and down along this stria and is used for regulating desired height; When moving to desired height, can utilize bolt that box body 31 is fixed on the rule 4.

On rule 4, also be provided with control enclosure 5.Control enclosure 5 comprises the box body 51 that is fixed on the rule 4, has dug to start photoelectric sensing window 52 on box body 51, also is provided with power supply and control signal output ends 53 on box body 51; Be provided with power supply 54 and governor circuit 55 in box body 51, an end of this power supply 54 links to each other with the AC Power supply socket 63 that has power switch, the other end links to each other with governor circuit 55.Power supply 54 is responsible for converting 220 volts of alternating voltages to low-voltage DC and is used for governor circuit 55.Governor circuit 55 comprises startup photoelectric sensing circuit 551, falling sphere control signal circuit 552 and the control circuit for electromagnet 553 that links to each other successively, so power supply 54 provides low-voltage dc power supply to starting photoelectric sensing circuit 551, falling sphere control signal circuit 552 and control circuit for electromagnet 553 respectively.It is corresponding with startup photoelectric sensing window 52 to start photoelectric sensing circuit 551, and promptly light can receive by starting photoelectric sensing circuit 551 through starting photoelectric sensing window 52.Falling sphere control signal circuit 552 links to each other with power supply and control signal output ends 53, and control circuit for electromagnet 553 links to each other with electromagnet 1.Governor circuit 55 specifically can adopt circuit diagram as shown in Figure 5.Power supply and control signal output ends 53 link to each other with power supply and control signal input socket 35.

Plumb line assembly 2 is inhaled ring 21, vertical line 22 by the irony that links to each other successively and is heavily hung down and 23 forms.

Acceleration of gravity of the present utility model is measured demonstrator, and the concrete course of work is as follows:

1, with AC Power supply socket 63 external AC power supplies, turn on the power switch, 220 volts of alternating currents that power supply 54 is responsible for importing convert low-voltage DC to and use for governor circuit 55 again; Control circuit for electromagnet 553 outputs in the governor circuit 55 effectively make electromagnet 1 energising, and electromagnet 1 just has magnetic.Then irony is inhaled ring 21 be adsorbed on electromagnet 1 in the heart, with 23 entrance points 651 of putting into falling sphere passage 65 that heavily hang down.By horizontal adjustment spiral 64, make base assembly 6 be in horizontality, even rule 4 is in plumbness; This moment, the falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32 of phototimer 3 was just in time aimed at vertical line 22.After above-mentioned adjustment work is finished, remove plumb line assembly 2.

2, regulate 3 phototimers 3, make it lay respectively at the differing heights position of rule 4.Bead is inhaled on electromagnet 1, is the thin rod of white of 0.3 millimeter then with a diameter, and promptly the startup photoelectric sensing window 52 at control enclosure 5 blocks (thin rod distance startup photoelectric sensing window 52 should less than 2 centimetres).At this moment, as shown in Figure 5, owing to start the infrared external reflection receiving circuit that photoelectric sensing circuit 551 is made up of infrared transmitting tube L3 and infrared receiving tube L4; Therefore when barrier blocked, the light that L3 sends was received by L4, and L4 is passed to control circuit for electromagnet 553 with regard to output signal by falling sphere control signal circuit 552, and control circuit for electromagnet 553 makes electromagnet 1 dead electricity, and bead is with regard to free-falling like this.Meanwhile, falling sphere control signal circuit 552 passes to single chip circuit 342 by power supply and control signal output ends 53, power supply and control signal input socket 35 successively with signal, and notice single chip circuit 342 picks up counting.As shown in Figure 4, because the infrared external reflection receiving circuit that falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341 is made up of infrared transmitting tube L1 and infrared receiving tube L2, when barrier blocked, the light that L1 sends was received by L2.Therefore when bead fell through falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32, falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341 passed to single chip circuit 342 with signal, and 342 timing of notice single chip circuit finish.The time that single chip circuit 342 just will calculate gained shows at digital display window 33 places by display circuit 343.The displacement of bead (being the distance of bead with respect to each phototimer 3) can be read from rule 4.

Measure in the demonstrator at acceleration of gravity of the present utility model and to be provided with 3 phototimers 3 altogether, when bead began to fall, the single chip circuits 342 in each phototimer 3 all picked up counting simultaneously.Bead finally falls into falling sphere passage 65 from entrance point 651, and the endpiece from falling sphere passage 65 skids off the collection for people again.

3, when needs are reused acceleration of gravity of the present utility model and are measured demonstrator, at first use object (experimenter's hand also can) to block the falling sphere photoelectric sensing window 32 of each phototimer 3, make falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit 341 that signal is passed to 342 pairs of display circuits 343 of single chip circuit and do " clear 0 " and handle.

Acceleration of gravity of the present utility model is measured the g value that demonstrator can be used for the characteristic of research freedom falling objects motion and measures local acceleration of gravity.

Principle of work is as follows:

Suppose that the 3 shown times of first phototimer are t1, the corresponding displacement of the bead of reading from rule 4 is S1 so; In like manner, second 3 shown time of phototimer is t2, and the corresponding displacement of bead is S2; The 3rd 3 shown times of phototimer are t3, and the corresponding displacement of bead is S3;

According to following known formula, just can calculate the g value:

g = \frac{2 s}{t}

Use acceleration of gravity of the present utility model to measure demonstrator, we have tested the g value in somewhere, and experimental result is as shown in table 1.

Table 1

By above-mentioned experiment, we can draw as drawing a conclusion:

Conclusion 1: can verify that under the certain situation of acceleration of gravity, free-falling object of which movement speed was directly proportional with the time.

Conclusion 2: the mean value that draws the acceleration of gravity in experiment place by measured data is 9.75 (n/m).

At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is a specific embodiment of the present utility model.Obviously, the utility model is not limited to above embodiment, and many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from the disclosed content of the utility model all should be thought protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims

1. an acceleration of gravity is measured demonstrator, comprise base assembly (6) and plumb line assembly (2), on base assembly (6), be provided with rule (4) vertically, it is characterized in that: on rule (4), be provided with at least one phototimer (3), be provided with electromagnet (1) at the top of rule (4); Also be provided with the control enclosure (5) that is used to control electromagnet (1) and phototimer (3) on the described rule (4).

2. acceleration of gravity according to claim 1 is measured demonstrator, it is characterized in that: described phototimer (3) comprises the box body (31) that links to each other with rule (4), be respectively equipped with falling sphere photoelectric sensing window (32), digital display window (33) and power supply and control signal input socket (35) on box body (31), described power supply and control signal input socket (35) link to each other with digital display circuit (34) with the timing that is positioned at box body (31).

3. acceleration of gravity according to claim 2 is measured demonstrator, it is characterized in that: described timing is made up of the falling sphere photoelectric sensing circuit (341) that links to each other successively, single chip circuit (342) and display circuit (343) with digital display circuit (34), and described power supply and control signal input socket (35) link to each other with single chip circuit (342).

4. acceleration of gravity according to claim 3 is measured demonstrator, it is characterized in that: described control enclosure (5) comprises the box body (51) that is fixed on the rule (4), on box body (51), be respectively equipped with startup photoelectric sensing window (52) and power supply and control signal output ends (53), in box body (51), be provided with continuous power supply (54) and governor circuit (55); Described governor circuit (55) links to each other with electromagnet (1) with power supply and control signal output ends (53) respectively; Described power supply and control signal output ends (53) link to each other with power supply and control signal input socket (35).

5. acceleration of gravity according to claim 4 is measured demonstrator, it is characterized in that: described governor circuit (55) comprises startup photoelectric sensing circuit (551), falling sphere control signal circuit (552) and the control circuit for electromagnet (553) that links to each other successively; Falling sphere control signal circuit (552) links to each other with power supply and control signal output ends (53), and control circuit for electromagnet (553) links to each other with electromagnet (1).

6. acceleration of gravity according to claim 5 is measured demonstrator, it is characterized in that: described base assembly (6) comprises base (61), on base (61), be provided with rule pedestal (62), described rule (4) links to each other with rule pedestal (62), on rule pedestal (62), be provided with the AC Power supply socket that has power switch (63) that links to each other with power supply (54), on base (61), also be separately installed with horizontal adjustment spiral (64) and falling sphere passage (65), the center of entrance point (651) of described falling sphere passage (65) and being centered close on the same perpendicular line of electromagnet (1).