CN201048271Y - Short circuit protection circuit - Google Patents
Short circuit protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201048271Y CN201048271Y CNU2007200236791U CN200720023679U CN201048271Y CN 201048271 Y CN201048271 Y CN 201048271Y CN U2007200236791 U CNU2007200236791 U CN U2007200236791U CN 200720023679 U CN200720023679 U CN 200720023679U CN 201048271 Y CN201048271 Y CN 201048271Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a short circuit protective circuit which comprises an integrated voltage stabilizer with adjustable three ends. The input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with an input power supply, on the one hand, the output end is connected with the output end of the power supply and is connected with a switching channel of a controllable switching circuit through a first resistor, and then is connected with an adjusting end of the voltage stabilizer through the switching channel of the controllable switching circuit; on the other hand, the output end is connected with the adjusting end of the voltage stabilizer through a second resistor; the control end of the controllable switching circuit is connected with the output end of the power supply, and the power supply is cut off when voltage or current at the output end of the power supply is larger than the setting value. The circuit utilizing the structure can realize that functions of short circuit protection and automatically restoring working, and solves the problem in the prior art that the cost is higher due to the adoption of an automatically restoring fuse, and the utility model has simple structure and is easy to be realized.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of protective circuit, specifically, relates to a kind of control circuit of when load is short-circuited situation circuitry being protected.
Background technology
Load circuit through regular meeting's fault that is short-circuited, causes the damage of whole set equipment thus in running.For solving this type of short circuit problem, the method that prior art adopts usually is that resettable fuse of power supply circuits output series connection of working power is being provided for load, connects the feeder ear of load by described resettable fuse.When load circuit was short-circuited fault, the electric current in the circuit sharply increased, and caused temperature to raise, resettable fuse fusing, and the circuit automatic disconnection, and then play short-circuit protection effect to circuit.After short trouble was got rid of, the electric current in the circuit reduced, and temperature descends thereupon; When temperature dropped to the threshold value of resettable fuse, resettable fuse was connected automatically, made circuitry recover operate as normal.Yet present resettable fuse price is generally all somewhat expensive, is used for the rising that circuit can cause the complete machine cost, is unfavorable for the batch process of product.
The utility model content
The utility model is in order to solve the problem that the available technology adopting resettable fuse realization product cost that short-circuit protection caused raises; a kind of novel short-circuit protection circuit is provided; this circuit need not to use resettable fuse can play short-circuit protection effect to load circuit, helps reducing the circuitry cost.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of short-circuit protection circuit, comprise three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic devices, its input connects the input power supply, output connects power output end on the one hand, and connect the switch ways of a gate-controlled switch circuit, and then connect the adjustable side of pressurizer by the switch ways of described gate-controlled switch circuit by first resistance; The adjustable side that connects described pressurizer on the other hand by second resistance; The control end of described gate-controlled switch circuit connects power output end, turn-offs during greater than set point at the voltage of described power output end or electric current.
First kind of way of realization as the gate-controlled switch circuit, described gate-controlled switch circuit adopts a NPN type triode to realize, the base stage of described triode connects described power output end, and connect the output of described pressurizer by the 3rd resistance, emitter connects the adjustable side of pressurizer, and collector electrode connects the output of pressurizer by described first resistance.
Second kind of way of realization as the gate-controlled switch circuit, described gate-controlled switch circuit can adopt a field effect transistor to realize, its grid connects described power output end, and connect the output of described pressurizer by the 3rd resistance, source electrode connects the adjustable side of pressurizer, and drain electrode connects the output of pressurizer by described first resistance.
Wherein, described field effect transistor can specifically select for use the CMOS pipe to realize.
The third way of realization as the gate-controlled switch circuit, the switch chip that described gate-controlled switch circuit turn-offs in the time of also can selecting a control end greater than threshold voltage for use is realized, its control end connects described power output end by resistance pressure-dividing network, and switch ways is connected between the adjustable side of described first resistance and pressurizer.
Further, also be connected with one in the adjustable side of described pressurizer and adjust the equivalent resistance circuit, the control end of described equivalent electric circuit receives control signal, and changes the resistance of its equivalent resistance according to the control signal that receives.This adjustment equivalent resistance circuit is realized the variable adjustment to stabilizer output voltage, to satisfy the different requirements of follow-up load circuit to supply power voltage by matching with first, second resistance.
When short trouble occurring in order to be implemented in load circuit, the output voltage of pressurizer can reduce significantly, thereby avoid components and parts the problem that overvoltage damages to occur, the resistance of described second resistance will be much larger than the resistance of first resistance, as selecting first resistance is 240 Ω, and the resistance of second resistance is 10K Ω.
Further, the preferred power resistor of described the 3rd resistance, its power is preferably less than 1W.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model and good effect are: the parallel resistance network of short-circuit protection circuit of the present utility model by connecting the gate-controlled switch circuit and be used with it between the output of three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic devices and adjustable side, can substitute resettable fuse of the prior art fully, play the effect of short-circuit protection; And after short trouble is eliminated, can make circuit automatically restore to normal operating conditions, greatly reduce the circuitry cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the existing short-circuit protection circuit schematic diagram that uses resettable fuse.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the short-circuit protection circuit that proposes of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of the short-circuit protection circuit that proposes of the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the power supply circuits schematic diagram that existing employing resettable fuse carries out short-circuit protection; comprise three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic device N025; its input Vin connects DC power supply by power input VCC_IN; output end vo ut connects power output end VCC_OUT by resettable fuse F001; and by the follow-up load circuit of described power output end VCC_OUT connection, for load circuit provides dc supply.Be connected with at the adjustable side Adj of described three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic device N025 and adjust resistance R 1 and R2, can realize effective adjusting pressurizer N025 output voltage by the resistance that changes two resistance.The output voltage of described pressurizer N025 is followed following formula:
Vout＝1.25(1+R2/R1)。
Adopt circuit structure shown in Figure 1, when short trouble appearred in load circuit, the electric current in the circuit sharply increased; cause temperature to raise; resettable fuse F001 fusing is cut off being connected of described power supply circuits and load circuit automatically, and then load circuit is played the effect of short-circuit protection.After short trouble was got rid of, the electric current in the circuit reduced, and temperature descends thereupon; When temperature dropped to the threshold value of resettable fuse F001, resettable fuse F001 connected automatically, made circuitry recover operate as normal.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of short-circuit protection circuit of proposing of the utility model; compared to Figure 1; this circuit has saved expensive resettable fuse F001, and only adopts cheap switch element and several resistance to substitute, and also can finish the effect of short-circuit protection well.
Embodiment one, and as shown in Figure 2, described switch element can adopt a NPN type triode K027 to realize.The collector electrode of described triode K027 connects the output end vo ut of pressurizer N025 by first resistance R 359, emitter connects the adjustable side Adj of pressurizer N025, base stage connects power output end VCC_OUT on the one hand by current-limiting resistance R361, is connected with the output end vo ut of pressurizer N025 by the 3rd resistance R 362 on the other hand.Between the output end vo ut of described pressurizer N025 and adjustable side Adj, also be connected with second resistance R 360, be in parallel with the collector electrode of first resistance R 359 and triode K027, the branch road that is connected that emitter is formed.The adjustable side Adj of described pressurizer N025 selects first resistance R 359 and the resistance of adjusting resistance R 2 by adjusting resistance R 2 ground connection according to the required operating voltage of load circuit, makes the output of pressurizer N025 satisfy the power demands of load.
In order to realize short-circuit protection function, the resistance of described second resistance R 360 will be much larger than the resistance of first resistance R 359.And the 3rd resistance R 362 is preferably selected power resistor for use, and very little power gets final product, preferably less than 1W.
When the load circuit operate as normal, owing to there is the voltage difference of 1.25V between the output end vo ut of pressurizer N025 and the adjustable side Adj, the base stage of triode K027 and the voltage difference between the emitter be greater than 0.7V, triode K027 conducting.At this moment, first resistance R 359 and second resistance R 360 are in parallel.Because the resistance of second resistance R 360 is much larger than the resistance of first resistance R 359, therefore, the resistance of described parallel branch is approximately equal to the resistance of first resistance R 359.Substitution formula: Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1), wherein, R1=R359 can calculate the power reguirements that just satisfies load by the magnitude of voltage of pressurizer N025 output thus.
When load is short-circuited fault; electric current by the 3rd resistance R 362 sharply increases; voltage on the resistance R 362 increases; cause the base stage of triode K027 and the voltage difference between the emitter to reduce; when pressure reduction during less than 0.7V; triode K027 ends; the adjustment resistance R 1=R360 of this moment; output voltage computing formula with its substitution pressurizer N025: Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1); because the resistance of second resistance R 360 is very big; thereby make Vout become very little, load circuit is owing to the reduction of its power supply quits work, thereby realized the short-circuit protection effect to load circuit.After short trouble is eliminated, triode K027 conducting again, load circuit recovers operate as normal.
Certainly, described NPN type triode K027 also can adopt field effect transistor to replace, for example the CMOS pipe.Wherein, the grid of described field effect transistor connects power output end VCC_OUT by current-limiting resistance R361, and be connected with the output end vo ut of pressurizer N025 by the 3rd resistance R 362, drain electrode is by the output end vo ut of first resistance R, 359 connection pressurizer N025, and source electrode connects the adjustable side Adj of pressurizer N025.Its operation principle is identical with triode K027 among the embodiment one, repeats no more here.
In addition, in order to keep importing the stable of power supply and output voltage, on the input Vin of described integrated regulator N025 and output end vo ut, all be connected with filter circuit, specifically can adopt filter capacitor C321 shown in Figure 2～C323 to realize, the wave interference of making an uproar to sneak in the filtering DC power supply provides pure direct current supply to load circuit.
Embodiment two, and in the present embodiment, described switch element is concrete to adopt an integrated switch chip to realize.Described switch chip cooperates resistance pressure-dividing network (perhaps increasing a negative circuit as required) to form the gate-controlled switch circuit, be connected between the output end vo ut and adjustable side Adj of described pressurizer N025, to realize effective control pressurizer N025 output voltage.
The switch chip that described switch chip turn-offs when preferably its control end voltage is greater than preset threshold voltage, wherein, the control end of switch chip connects described power output end Vout by resistance pressure-dividing network, switch ways is connected between the adjustable side Adj of described first resistance R 359 and pressurizer N025, and is connected with the output end vo ut of pressurizer N025 by described first resistance R 359; Between the output end vo ut of described pressurizer N025 and adjustable side Adj, be parallel with described second resistance R 360 simultaneously.
When the load circuit operate as normal, power output end Vout is after described resistance pressure-dividing network dividing potential drop, and the magnitude of voltage that is applied to described switch chip control end is less than its threshold voltage, at this moment, the switch chip conducting, first resistance R 359 is in parallel with second resistance R 360.Because the resistance of second resistance R 360 is much larger than the resistance of first resistance R 359, therefore, the resistance of described parallel branch approximates the resistance of first resistance R 359.Substitution formula: Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1), wherein, R1=R359 can calculate the power reguirements that just satisfies load by the magnitude of voltage of pressurizer N025 output thus.
When the load circuit short circuit, the electric current at power output end Vout place raises, and after described resistance pressure-dividing network is transformed into voltage signal, is applied to the control end of described switch chip.At this moment; the magnitude of voltage of switch chip control end raises; greater than its threshold voltage; switch chip turn-offs, and R1=R360 is because the resistance of second resistance R 360 is very big; among substitution formula: the Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1); this shows: Vout reduces significantly, and load circuit quits work, and then realizes the short-circuit protection to load circuit.After short trouble was eliminated, the control end voltage of switch chip was less than its threshold voltage, and switch chip is conducting again, and load circuit recovers operate as normal.
Certainly, if the switch chip of conducting is realized when selecting control end voltage greater than preset threshold voltage, then need be in negative circuit of increase between the control end of switch chip and the power output end Vout.When the voltage of power output end Vout just often, promptly the pressure value is less, by described negative circuit anti-phase after, the voltage that affacts the switch chip control end is greater than its threshold voltage, switch chip conducting, R1=R359.When the load circuit short circuit, the electric current in the circuit raises, and causes supply power voltage to increase; the magnitude of voltage of output reduces after negative circuit is anti-phase, and less than the threshold voltage of switch chip, switch chip turn-offs; at this moment, R1=R360, and then play short-circuit protection effect to load circuit.
Embodiment three, and the short-circuit protection circuit that the utility model proposed is used for satellite set top box, specifically are used for providing the power supply circuits of working power to the lnb LNB on the reception antenna, as shown in Figure 3.Present embodiment only adopts NPN type triode K027 to be embodied as example with the gate-controlled switch circuit and is specifically addressed.In the present embodiment, the 24V DC power supply is introduced power supply circuits by power input VCC_IN, connect the input Vin of three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic device N025 through filter capacitor C321, C322, the power output end VCC_OUT of described power supply circuits connects the feeder ear of LNB.Because LNB need of work 13V and 18V direct voltage to satisfy the switching of its polarization work, therefore, need be regulated the resistance of adjusting resistance R 2, to realize the conversion of pressurizer N025 output voltage between 13V and 18V.Based on this, present embodiment will be adjusted resistance R 2 and change the adjustable equivalent electric circuit of a resistance into, and the control end of described equivalent electric circuit receives control signal Control, and just change the resistance of its equivalent electric circuit according to the current potential of control signal Control.
According to above-mentioned output requirement, the resistance of each resistance is provided with as follows respectively in the circuit: R359=240 Ω, R360=10K Ω, R362=1 Ω; For adjusting the equivalent resistance circuit, when control signal Control was high level, its equivalent resistance was 2292 Ω, if Control is a low level, equivalent resistance is 3.3K Ω.Foregoing circuit is implemented as follows function:
1, carry out the switching of LNB polarization mode:
The big I of Vout is calculated as follows: Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1), and R1 represents the resistance value between Vout and the Adj in the formula, R2 is for adjusting the equivalent resistance of equivalent resistance circuit.During the circuit operate as normal, triode K027 conducting, R1 is composed in parallel by R359 and R360, because the R360 resistance is much larger than the R359 resistance, so parallel resistance value R1 ≈ 240 Ω.At this moment, if Control is a high level, equivalent electric circuit resistance is 2292 Ω, and promptly R2=2292 Ω with R1, R2 substitution formula Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1), calculates Vout ≈ 13V, and LNB is operated in the perpendicular polarization mode; If Control is a low level, equivalent electric circuit resistance is 3.3K Ω, and promptly R2=3.3K Ω with R1, R2 substitution formula Vout=1.25 (1+R2/R1), calculates Vout ≈ 18V, and LNB is operated in horizontal polarization mode.
Certainly, need the LNB lnb of 3V/5V polarizing voltage, only need to change the equivalent resistance of adjusting the equivalent resistance circuit and can realize that 3V/5V voltage switches, and satisfies the polarization job requirement of LNB for some.
2, realize double star control: utilize foregoing circuit to select between two LNB, this function realizes by selecting side Select.
3, short-circuit protection and self-recovering function: as mentioned above, during the load circuit operate as normal, the output of pressurizer N025 can be exported the operating voltage of 13V or 18V, and LNB is operated in perpendicular polarization mode or horizontal polarization mode.Because holding wire is easy to cause ground short circuit when inserting tuner, when short circuit takes place, electric current by the 3rd resistance R 362 sharply increases, voltage on the R362 increases, can cause the voltage difference between triode K027 base stage and the emitter to reduce, when pressure reduction during less than 0.7V, triode K027 ends.Resistance value R1 between Vout and the Adj has become R360 at this moment, and by computing formula as can be known: output dc voltage becomes very little, and the LNB circuit is formed effective protection.After short trouble is eliminated, triode K027 conducting again, LNB recovers operate as normal.
The utility model has been realized the short-circuit protection function of circuit by adopting above-mentioned simple circuit configuration, has avoided the use of expensive resettable fuse, has effectively saved the short circuit cost, can be widely used in the household appliances that price competition relatively encourages.
Certainly; above-mentioned explanation is not to be to restriction of the present utility model; the utility model also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that those skilled in the art are made in essential scope of the present utility model also should belong to protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. short-circuit protection circuit, comprise three end adjustable voltage-regulating ic devices, its input connects the input power supply, it is characterized in that: the output of described pressurizer connects power output end on the one hand, and connect the switch ways of a gate-controlled switch circuit, and then connect the adjustable side of pressurizer by the switch ways of described gate-controlled switch circuit by first resistance; The adjustable side that connects described pressurizer on the other hand by second resistance; The control end of described gate-controlled switch circuit connects power output end, turn-offs during greater than set point at the voltage of described power output end or electric current.
2. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described gate-controlled switch circuit, include a NPN type triode; its base stage connects described power output end; and connect the output of described pressurizer by the 3rd resistance; emitter connects the adjustable side of pressurizer, and collector electrode connects the output of pressurizer by described first resistance.
3. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described gate-controlled switch circuit, include a field effect transistor; its grid connects described power output end; and connect the output of described pressurizer by the 3rd resistance; source electrode connects the adjustable side of pressurizer, and drain electrode connects the output of pressurizer by described first resistance.
4. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described field effect transistor is the CMOS pipe.
5. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described gate-controlled switch circuit, include a switch chip; its control end connects described power output end by resistance pressure-dividing network, and switch ways is connected between the adjustable side of described first resistance and pressurizer.
6. according to each described short-circuit protection circuit in the claim 1 to 5; it is characterized in that: also be connected with one in the adjustable side of described pressurizer and adjust the equivalent resistance circuit; the control end of described equivalent electric circuit receives control signal, and changes the resistance of its equivalent resistance according to the control signal that receives.
7. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the resistance of described second resistance is much larger than the resistance of described first resistance.
8. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the resistance of described first resistance is 240 Ω, and the resistance of described second resistance is 10K Ω.
9. according to claim 2 or 3 described short-circuit protection circuits, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd resistance is power resistor.
10. short-circuit protection circuit according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the power of described power resistor is less than 1W.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200236791U CN201048271Y (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2007-06-18 | Short circuit protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200236791U CN201048271Y (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2007-06-18 | Short circuit protection circuit |
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| CN201048271Y true CN201048271Y (en) | 2008-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2007200236791U Expired - Fee Related CN201048271Y (en) | 2007-06-18 | 2007-06-18 | Short circuit protection circuit |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101741055B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-12-28 | 成都东银信息技术股份有限公司 | Method for protecting satellite television LNB from short circuit |
| CN104037747A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Output over-voltage protection circuit and lamp with over-voltage protection function |
| CN106774589A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉盛帆电子股份有限公司 | Stable-pressure device and guard method, communication bus supply unit |
| CN107197184A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-22 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | A kind of supplying power for tuner control circuit, system and top box of digital machine |
| CN113873714A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Light source driver and sample analyzer |
-
2007
- 2007-06-18 CN CNU2007200236791U patent/CN201048271Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101741055B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2011-12-28 | 成都东银信息技术股份有限公司 | Method for protecting satellite television LNB from short circuit |
| CN104037747A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Output over-voltage protection circuit and lamp with over-voltage protection function |
| CN106774589A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉盛帆电子股份有限公司 | Stable-pressure device and guard method, communication bus supply unit |
| CN106774589B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-06-11 | 武汉盛帆电子股份有限公司 | Stable-pressure device and guard method, communication bus power supply device |
| CN107197184A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-22 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | A kind of supplying power for tuner control circuit, system and top box of digital machine |
| CN113873714A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Light source driver and sample analyzer |
| CN113873714B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2024-03-29 | 深圳市帝迈生物技术有限公司 | Light source driver and sample analyzer |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080416 Termination date: 20110618 |