CN201047846Y - Watercraft tail shaft speed measuring and direction finding device - Google Patents
Watercraft tail shaft speed measuring and direction finding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201047846Y CN201047846Y CNU2007200708824U CN200720070882U CN201047846Y CN 201047846 Y CN201047846 Y CN 201047846Y CN U2007200708824 U CNU2007200708824 U CN U2007200708824U CN 200720070882 U CN200720070882 U CN 200720070882U CN 201047846 Y CN201047846 Y CN 201047846Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a ship shaft speed and direction tester, which is characterized in that a speed testing gear wheel comprises a gear body; the periphery of the gear wheel body is provided with at least one team of gears. Each gear team includes a plurality of consecutive arrayed standard gears that connect with a hollow gear of a gear position, and then connect with a standard gear, and then connect with hollow gears of two gear positions. The utility model has an electromagnetic sensor matched with the speed testing gear wheel. The output end of the sensor connects with the input end of a speed testing unit; the output end of the speed testing unit is connected with an output device. The utility model quite well resolves the deficiencies of the contactless sensor impulse speed and direction testing technology. The single sensor is used for cooperating with the speed testing gear wheel; and the function of direction testing can be fulfilled by the configuration of the speed testing gear wheel hollow positions, making the installation more convenient. At the same time, the speed testing unit can perform with the use of a micro-processor, enabling the single sensor scheme to test the rotation speed and direction; thereby greatly improving performance and functionality.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to electronic speed-determination direction finding field, is specifically related to the marine rear shaft direction-finding device that tests the speed.
Background technology:
Aspect the direction finding of testing the speed of the relevant axle of boats and ships, existing product or application technology have:
DC tachometer generator drives the form of pointer tachometer gage (voltage table).Its shortcoming is that precision is low, volume is big, cost is high, needs periodic maintenance maintenance etc.
The contactless dual sensor pulse direction finding form that tests the speed, the frequency-voltage transformation of forming by measure speed gears, magneto-electric tachogenerator (two), integrated circuit (IC) chip and turn to differentiation, pointer tachometer gage to form.Its shortcoming is to install inconvenient, and the relative installation of two tachogenerators is difficult for finding optimum, is easy to generate to differentiate the instability that turns to and maybe can not differentiate; Function and performance are fully by hardware decision, very flexible; First levelling or error levelling need to make benchmark with standard scale, site of deployment levelling difficulty.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of single-sensor that utilizes to cooperate with measure speed gears, finishes turning axle marine rear shaft that direction-finding signal the picks up direction-finding device that tests the speed that tests the speed.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows: marine rear shaft is provided with measure speed gears, it is characterized in that this measure speed gears comprises gear mass, be provided with at least 1 group tooth around the gear mass, every group of tooth comprises a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths, these a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths link to each other with the empty tooth of a tooth position, connect a full-height tooth again, connect the empty tooth of 2 tooth positions again, this device is provided with the sensor that cooperates with measure speed gears, the output terminal of this sensor is connected with the input end of the unit that tests the speed, and the output terminal of the unit that tests the speed is connected with output unit.
The utility model has solved present non-contacting sensor pulse the test the speed deficiency and the defective of direction finding technology preferably, use single-sensor to cooperate with measure speed gears, utilize the configuration in room in the measure speed gears (hypodontia) just can finish the function of direction finding, make install more convenient.The unit by using that tests the speed simultaneously microprocessor is finished, and makes the single-sensor scheme can detect rotating speed simultaneously and turn to, and performance and function are improved greatly.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a system of the present utility model composition diagram
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of single-sensor pattern of the present utility model
Fig. 3 a and 3b are the oscillogram of single-sensor pattern
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of dual sensor pattern
Fig. 5 a and 5b are the oscillogram of dual sensor pattern
Fig. 6 is one of physical circuit figure of the present utility model
Fig. 7 is two of physical circuit figure of the present utility model
Fig. 8 is three of physical circuit figure of the present utility model
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is elaborated.
Fig. 1 shows the marine rear shaft of the present utility model direction-finding device that tests the speed, marine rear shaft is provided with measure speed gears 1, this device is provided with the sensor 2 that cooperates with measure speed gears 1, the output terminal of this sensor 2 and the unit 3 that tests the speed input end be connected, the output terminal of the unit 3 that tests the speed is connected with output unit.According to an embodiment of the present utility model, wherein sensor 2 adopts the magneto-electric tachogenerator, with the contactless installation of measure speed gears.This unit that tests the speed comprises microprocessor 4, the output terminal of sensor 2 is connected with the I/O port of microprocessor 4 by shaping unit 5, output unit comprises pointer header 6 and digital gauge outfit 7, pointer header 6 is connected with the output terminal of DA output module 8, and the input end of DA output module 8 is connected with the PWM output terminal of microprocessor 4; Digital gauge outfit 7 is connected with RS485 interface 9, and the input end of RS485 interface 9 is connected with the asynchronous serial communication end of microprocessor 4.
This measure speed gears comprises gear mass, be provided with at least 1 group tooth around the gear mass, every group of tooth comprises a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths 11, and these a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths 11 link to each other with the empty tooth 10 of a tooth position, connect a full-height tooth 11 again, connect the empty tooth 12 of 2 tooth positions again.Present embodiment symmetry around gear mass has been arranged 4 groups of group teeth that distribute by above-mentioned rule.Wherein full-height tooth has standard processing modulus, and the modulus of gear is relevant with the diameter of magnetoelectric sensor; The modulus of present embodiment gear gets 4, and the diameter of sensor can be got in φ 14mm to φ 20mm.When mounted, sensor and measure speed gears point circle keep the gap of 2～3mm.
Whole device is divided into three parts: sensor and measure speed gears are finished picking up of signal; The conversion of signal, computing, output are finished in the unit that tests the speed; Output unit is finished the indication of value.
This measure speed gears cuts into gear the semi-circle gear of two symmetries on the diametric(al) of gear on the basis of standard circular spur gear, be installed in to be assembled into Knucle-gear after axle is gone up.
On the circumferencial direction of gear, have the back of two continuous teeth at least, cut off 1 tooth (the empty tooth of 1 tooth position), skip 1 tooth, cut off 2 teeth (the empty teeth of 2 tooth positions) more continuously, and guarantee two continuous teeth to be arranged at least in the back in 2 ' individual room; Can there be one group to whole gear, the tooth that also can have the such rule of many groups to distribute.
This device is provided with the single magnetoelectric sensor that cooperates with above-mentioned measure speed gears.The output terminal of this sensor is connected with the input end of the unit that tests the speed, and the input end of the unit that tests the speed is connected with the I/O mouth of microprocessor.The output terminal of unit of testing the speed is connected with output unit, and output unit comprises pointer header and digital gauge outfit.The output terminal of the DA amplification module in pointer header and the unit that tests the speed is connected, and the input end of DA amplification module is connected with the PWM output terminal of microprocessor.Digital gauge outfit is connected with RS485 interface in the unit that tests the speed, and the input end of RS485 interface is connected with the asynchronous serial communication end of microprocessor.
Fig. 3 a shows the waveform of single-sensor pattern when just changeing, after the pulse train of one group of normal period, at first occur 2 times to the pulse of normal period, then occur 3 times to the pulse of normal period, be again the pulse train of one group of normal period afterwards, so circulation.Fig. 3 b shows the waveform when reversing, the situation of reversing is just in time opposite when just changeing, and after the pulse train of one group of normal period, at first occurs 3 times to the pulse of normal period, then occurring 2 times to the pulse of normal period, is again the pulse train of one group of normal period afterwards.This shows, in any two adjacent cycles, as long as with back one-period in the more last cycle, if back one-period is greater than 1.5～2.5 times of last cycles (getting a scope mainly is that acceleration and phenomenon of torsional vibration are arranged when considering the gear rotation), the perhaps last cycle, just can think just changeed greater than 2.5～3.5 times of back one-periods.Same when detecting reversing, if back one-period greater than 2.5～3.5 times of last cycles, the perhaps last cycle just can be thought to reverse greater than 1.5～2.5 times of back one-periods.During no direction information, adjacent two cycle fiducial values are between 0.5～1.5.As long as judge the interval range of above-mentioned adjacent two period ratios, just can just be changeed, reversed or do not had the result of turn signal than numerical value.
The gear that the former total number of teeth of employing is 60 teeth in the present embodiment, processing modulus m=4 establishes four groups of teeth altogether, and every group of tooth comprises 12 teeth, the empty tooth of 2 tooth positions and the empty tooth of one 1 tooth position, and actual total number of teeth is 48 teeth.That is to say that the measure speed gears revolution crosses one group of tooth (mechanical angle 90 degree), can detect 1 time is just changeing or reversing alarm, therefore can distinguish the minimum speed that turns to: n=15 rev/min.And need be in each display cycle during practical application (as 1 second) all to refresh and turn to, several refresh cycles be refreshed direction information one time at interval, it is low therefore to differentiate the comparable theoretical value of minimum speed value that turns to.When turning to refresh time to be 3S, can judge 5 rev/mins of the minimum speeds that turn to.When n＞15 rev/min, each shows an all refreshable direction information in refresh cycle.The tailing axle full scale rotating speed of general boats and ships is about hundreds of rev/mins, and the number of teeth that present embodiment is recommended can satisfy request for utilization preferably.Also can reasonably increase gear set (increasing total number of teeth possibly simultaneously) in addition and improve the resolution and the response speed that turn to.
In the present embodiment, adopted the mode of single-sensor pattern and the combination of dual sensor pattern, i.e. the mode that can in single-sensor pattern and dual sensor pattern, select.Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of dual sensor pattern.Wherein the measure speed gears that adopts in the dual sensor pattern is a complete gear wheel, and that matches with this measure speed gears is respectively 1# sensor and 2# sensor.Fig. 5 a is the just commentaries on classics oscillograms of two sensor pickoff signals after integer, and Fig. 5 b is the reversing oscillogram.By oscillogram as seen, when just changeing, the 1# sensor signal is ahead of 0 °＜φ of 2# sensor signal＜180 ° of electrical angles (90 ° of best angles); During reversing, the 1# sensor signal is ahead of 180 °＜φ of 2# sensor signal＜360 ° of electrical angles (270 ° of best angles).This shows that if be the starting point of measurements with 1# sensor signal rising edge, then 0 °＜φ＜180 ° are just to change, 180 °＜φ＜360 ° is to reverse.When considering the gear rotation acceleration, torsional oscillation and mismachining tolerance are arranged, the relative installation of two sensors should be away from 0 °, 180 °, 360 ° and near value.The minimum speed that the energy differentiation turns to is as if the number of teeth 60 teeth of recommending with present embodiment, modulus m=4, then n=2 rev/min.In the dual sensor pattern, for the difference that guarantees two sensor electric angles near 90 degree or 270 degree, if one of them sensor alignment tooth top center, then another sensor should be aligned in the centre position of another gear teeth face.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are physical circuit figure of the present utility model, link to each other by web member between the three.In this embodiment because of having adopted two kinds of patterns of single-sensor pattern and dual sensor pattern, so can connect two sensors in the circuit diagram.When only using single-sensor, single-sensor can be connected on the position of 1# sensor, correspondingly can not consider the shaping circuit that the 2# sensor connects, this does not influence the principle of the unit that tests the speed.Hardware and software is made of in the unit that tests the speed two major parts.Sensor signal at first after voltage comparator U1 shaping, is input to outer interrupt pin INT0 and the INT1 (the single-sensor pattern inputs to pin INT0) of the first single-chip microcomputer U2.After the U2 computing, export turn signal by the PB4 pin, drive relay through triode, change the polarity of analog meter, PWM pulse-width signal by the output of OC1A pin, through operational amplifier U3, and triode Q1 etc. finishes DA (D/A) conversion and amplifies and drive, and exports the simulation rotating speed voltage of 0～7.5V at last: by ADCO pin feedback simulation rotating speed voltage, carry out AD (mould/number) conversion, realize the error levelling of PID mode; Be connected to 485 chip for driving U4 by TXD, RXD pin, the RS485 interface of composition and PERCOM peripheral communication also is the interface that drives external digital tachometer; Constitute inner asynchronous serial communication by the TXD of the first single-chip microcomputer U2, RXD, the TXD pin that the RXD pin is connected to second singlechip U5, internal digital formula tachometer gage is driven by U5.Software need finish above-mentioned rotating speed turn to and show, the s operation control of communication, parameter setting and other subsidiary function, belong to prior art, do not repeat them here.
Claims (2)
1. the marine rear shaft direction-finding device that tests the speed, marine rear shaft is provided with measure speed gears, it is characterized in that this measure speed gears comprises gear mass, be provided with at least 1 group tooth around the gear mass, every group of tooth comprises a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths, these a plurality of continuously arranged full-height tooths link to each other with the empty tooth of a tooth position, connect a full-height tooth again, connect the empty tooth of 2 tooth positions again, this device is provided with the sensor that cooperates with measure speed gears, the output terminal of this sensor is connected with the input end of the unit that tests the speed, and the output terminal of the unit that tests the speed is connected with output unit.
2. by the described marine rear shaft of claim 1 direction-finding device that tests the speed, it is characterized in that output unit comprises pointer header and digital gauge outfit, pointer header is connected with the output terminal of DA amplification module, the input end of DA amplification module is connected with the output terminal of microprocessor, digital gauge outfit is connected with the RS485 interface, and the input end of RS485 interface is connected with the output terminal of microprocessor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200708824U CN201047846Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Watercraft tail shaft speed measuring and direction finding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200708824U CN201047846Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Watercraft tail shaft speed measuring and direction finding device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201047846Y true CN201047846Y (en) | 2008-04-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200708824U Expired - Fee Related CN201047846Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Watercraft tail shaft speed measuring and direction finding device |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201047846Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966584A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-27 | 北京长城华瑞科技有限公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed measuring device |
-
2007
- 2007-06-08 CN CNU2007200708824U patent/CN201047846Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966584A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-27 | 北京长城华瑞科技有限公司 | Hydraulic turbine speed measuring device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080416 Termination date: 20110608 |