CN201045412Y - Electromagnet valve structure - Google Patents
Electromagnet valve structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201045412Y CN201045412Y CNU2007201525727U CN200720152572U CN201045412Y CN 201045412 Y CN201045412 Y CN 201045412Y CN U2007201525727 U CNU2007201525727 U CN U2007201525727U CN 200720152572 U CN200720152572 U CN 200720152572U CN 201045412 Y CN201045412 Y CN 201045412Y
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- iron stamen
- valve seat
- bobbin
- fixed iron
- stamen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a magnetic valve structure, a bobbin is provided with a coiling section, a magnet section, coils are winded on the coiling section in the same direction, and the magnetic section is correspondingly equipped with a permanent magnet, then an axial portion of a valve seat is plugged in a middle hole of the bobbin, the axial portion crosses the coiling section and the magnetic section, the valve seat is opened with a guiding hole concentrically along the axial portion, and also the valve seat is screwed with a stationary iron core in the range of the coiling section, thereby the bobbin is clipped in the guiding hole via the stationary iron core and the valve seat, further a movable iron core crosses the position which is relative to the magnetic section and is on the guiding hole, the movable iron core is pushed by a spring, thereby terminals of the movable iron are in the range of the coiling section and are away from the stationary iron core, and the terminals of the movable iron core are stuffed with non-conductive magnetic plugs in order to reduce the attractive force generated when the terminals of the stationary iron core and the movable iron core are mutually connected.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of electromagnetic valve structure.
Background technique
Own now maintenance solenoid valve is just announced shown in No. 557462 as TaiWan, China, and it comprises: single coil, and it is twining a bobbin in a direction; One removable iron stamen, itself and a fixed iron stamen are configuration coaxially; First spring, it promotes this removable iron stamen away from this fixed iron stamen; And an annular permanent magnnet, its end points that is mounted to the end points of this fixed iron stamen and this removable iron stamen is part toward each other.This annular permanent magnnet part is round the external peripheral surface of this fixed iron stamen and this removable iron stamen.
Under this coil state of not powering, the elastic force fs of spring is greater than the attraction force F of this permanent magnet, but so that removable iron stamen involution initial point.
Supplying power under this coil state, promptly producing this solenoidal attraction force, in order to adding to the attraction force of this permanent magnet, and producing this strength, this strength is greater than the elastic force of this spring, so that this solenoid valve can be in the unlatching ON state.
After being in this unlatching ON state, this solenoid valve make electric power end to supply power to this coil, this permanent magnet is bestowed fixed iron stamen magnetic and is connected the elastic force of the greatest attraction forces of removable iron stamen greater than this spring, keeps the function of strength so that can reach to control oneself under need not electric power.
Continue it, after this electric power is ended to supply power to this coil, if the power supply with reversing current polarity is to this coil, then the elastic force of this spring is greater than a strength, this strength deducts this solenoidal attraction force by the attraction force of this permanent magnet and is produced, and so can make removable iron stamen involution initial point.
Make a general survey of this structure, it at least still has following three shortcomings:
One, overall structure and be unfavorable for accurate assembling; Because being group, fixed iron stamen is fixed in bobbin, removable iron stamen then is to sleeve to formed track between guide ring and permanent magnet, these tracks that close for removable iron stamen cunning are made of single component, so making and must pay special attention to during assembling guide ring and the caused interference of the permanent magnet cumulative limit situation that has some setbacks, especially permanent magnet quite is unfavorable for precision cutting processing, causes the control of whole manufacture cost and precision real in being difficult for.
Two, still have the space of improving of power saving; Its fixed iron stamen, the attraction force of removable iron stamen end points when being connected with each other are quite big, so removable iron stamen is desired by involution initial point under the hold mode, coil must be enough to make removable iron stamen end points to break away from fixed iron stamen end points with sizable reversing current polarity supplier of electricity, these electric currents are quite big and waste, and it really has necessity of minimizing.
Three, still have working life to be strengthened; Its removable iron stamen is excitatory down in coil moment, its removable iron stamen end points can powerfully collide fixed iron stamen end points, the permanent use down, vibrations that this collision causes can cause removable iron stamen that the error situation that the position is loosening or slippage has some setbacks is arranged, make this solenoid valve can't reach accurate automatic control function, and must change again.
Because the structural design of existing own maintenance solenoid valve causes the precision machining cost to increase, and working life long shortcoming, be professional experiences and the gains in depth of comprehension with for many years, grind through constantly conceiving, creating, be to develop the utility model.
The model utility content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of when saving worker and the electromagnetic valve structure of operation, power saving and long service life.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, electromagnetic valve structure of the present utility model includes,
One bobbin has the mesopore that runs through left and right both ends of the surface, and then along left and right winding region, the magnet area of being arranged at intervals with of mesopore peripheral, axial, winding region is with the coil that is wound with of a direction, and the magnet area symmetry permanent magnet is installed; One valve seat, be arranged at the bobbin right-hand member, this valve seat has one than path and be plugged in the axial region of bobbin mesopore in the left side, and this axial region is across winding region, magnet area, and valve seat along axial region concentric provided a guide hole, its guide hole free end that is positioned at winding region left end edge is provided with internal thread; One fixed iron stamen, it is worn by the bobbin left end and pulls and screw togather the valve seat internal thread, make this fixed iron stamen, valve seat with the bobbin clipping in wherein, and this fixed iron stamen end points phase contraposition is in winding region; One removable iron stamen, itself and fixed iron stamen are coaxially, and configuration sleeves in the valve seat guide hole, across magnet area, this removable iron stamen is promoted by spring in order to relative, and its outer end gives prominence to that valve seat right-hand member, end points then are positioned at the winding region scope and away from fixed iron stamen end points.
Above-mentioned removable iron stamen end points is provided with intermediary's removable iron stamen end points and the not magnetic conduction cock body that fixed iron stamen end points directly contacts, and forms a gap between removable iron stamen end points and fixed iron stamen.
Said fixing formula iron stamen is concaved with the cone shape hole of certain depth in end points, and removable iron stamen end points is corresponding with fixed iron stamen tapered bore profile.
Above-mentioned valve seat is provided with screw than its path in the guide hole free end, fixed iron stamen has the screwing part than path, with the screw screw lock, and fixed iron stamen forms miner diameter end in screwing part ora terminalis periphery, but cooperates fixed iron stamen cone shape hole and make this fixed iron stamen end points edge form the buffer part of a radial dilatation.
Above-mentioned permanent magnet is with two and the symmetrical magnet area that is installed on bobbin.
Above-mentioned valve seat is equipped with spiral shell portion in the right side, be concaved with the O shape groove of installing for O shape ring along connecting spiral shell portion outer periphery, spiral shell portion free end is concaved with spring housing along position of center line, and the valve seat guide hole is communicated with spring housing, removable iron stamen is sliding closing in seating spring chamber, guide hole, and the spring that this removable iron stamen outer end is installed on spring housing promotes.
Above-mentioned valve seat spiral shell portion interlocking is in the screw of a valve body, removable iron stamen outer end is stretched in the valve body, supply with port and the intercommunication of pressure fluid discharging port to switch a pressure fluid, valve body is provided with the unhurried current port in addition in supplying with between port and discharging port, when removable iron stamen sever supply port and discharging port, this valve body is done the intercommunication of flow control with the unhurried current port.
On be set forth in the bobbin peripheral closure and be provided with a guard shield, bobbin two relative magnet area and winding region peripheries are covered with, this guard shield is provided with penetration hole in the relative position of mesopore, use to wear and pull for fixed iron stamen, guard shield in addition end then to buckle the edge hook joint in the set buckle of bobbin right-hand member.
Adopt technique scheme, the utility model one valve seat is plugged in the bobbin mesopore with axial region, and valve seat along axial region concentric provided a guide hole, in relative bobbin winding region scope, screw togather a fixed iron stamen, and at the removable iron stamen of the sliding unification in the position of relative bobbin magnet area, overcome and commonly used cumulative limit or the interference situations that configuration produces, when saving worker greatly and operation; In addition removable iron stamen end points plug is provided with not magnetic conduction cock body, can lower fixed iron stamen, the attraction force of removable iron stamen end points when being connected with each other, and can make removable iron stamen end points break away from fixed iron stamen end points reducing under the coil power supply state; And fixed iron stamen be provided with the cone shape hole of certain depth in the end points central fovea corresponding with removable iron stamen end points, when structural design makes removable iron stamen end points and fixed iron stamen end points desire mutual magnetic by this, be enough to produce an air back-pressure in this cone shape hole, in order to cushion the striking force of removable iron stamen end points.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a decomposing schematic representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional combination schematic appearance of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is embodiment's schematic representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 A is the generalized section of the utility model when action;
Fig. 4 B is the generalized section of the utility model when the involution initial point.
The primary component symbol description
10 bobbins, 11 mesopores, 13 winding regions
13 magnet area, 30 coils, 30 permanent magnets
40 guard shields, 41 penetration holes 43 are buckled edge
43 buckles, 50 valve seats, 51 spiral shell portions
53O shape groove 53O shape is encircled 54 spring housing
55 axial regions, 56 guide holes, 57 internal threads
60 fixed iron stamen 61 screwing parts 63 miner diameter ends
63 cone shape holes, 70 removable iron stamen 71 springs
73 cock bodys, 73 washers, 74 pads
80 valve bodies, 81 screws 83 are supplied with port
83 discharging ports, 84 unhurried current ports
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 4, the utility model comprises:
One insulation bobbin 10 has a mesopore 11 that runs through left and right both ends of the surface, then along left and right winding region 13, the magnet area 13 of being arranged at intervals with of mesopore 11 peripheral, axial;
One coil 30, one direction are wound in the winding region 13 of bobbin 10;
Two permanent magnets 30, the symmetry by the magnet area 13 that is loaded on bobbin 10;
One guard shield 40, it is a ㄈ body, it covers at 10 liang of relative magnet area 13 of bobbin and winding region 13 peripheries, in order to protection coil 30, permanent magnet 30 and bobbin 10, this guard shield 40 is provided with penetration hole 41 in the position of relative mesopore 11, and end is then to detain edge 43 hook joints in the set buckle 43 of bobbin 10 right-hand members in addition;
One non-magnetic valve seat 50, be arranged at bobbin 10 right-hand members, this valve seat 50 is equipped with spiral shell portion 51 in the right side, and is concaved with O shape groove 53 along connecting spiral shell portion 51 outer periphery, by dress, spiral shell portion 51 free ends then are concaved with spring housing 54 along position of center line to this O shape groove 53 for O shape ring 53; Valve seat 50 has one in addition than path and be plugged in the axial region 55 of bobbin 10 mesopores 11 in the left side, this axial region 55 is across winding region 13, magnet area 13, and valve seat 50 along axial region 55 concentric provide a guide hole 56 that is communicated with spring housing 54, these guide hole 56 free ends are positioned at winding region 13 left end edge just relatively, and are provided with internal thread 57 than its path in these guide hole 56 free ends;
One fixed iron stamen 60, one end have a screwing part 61 than path, and this screwing part can be screwed together in valve seat 50 internal threads 57,
The sectional area of fixed iron stamen 60 is less than penetration hole 41 apertures of guard shield 40, make it can wear pivot in penetration hole 41, the outer ring surface of fixed iron stamen 60 is provided with a chase 64, this chase 64 can be set a C type and be buckled 65, make this fixed iron stamen 60, valve seat 50 with bobbin 10 clippings in wherein, these fixed iron stamen 60 end points positions are in winding region 13 scopes, its screwing part 61 ora terminalis peripheries form miner diameter end 63, and be provided with the cone shape hole 63 of certain depth, but in order to form the buffer part of a radial dilatation in the end points central fovea;
One removable iron stamen 70, what itself and fixed iron stamen 60 were coaxially configuration sleeves to valve seat 50 spring housing 54, in the guide hole 56, in order to relative across magnet area 13, the spring 71 that these removable iron stamen 70 outer ends are installed on spring housing 54 promotes, make its end points be positioned at winding region 13 scopes and away from fixed iron stamen 60 cone shape holes 63, these removable iron stamen 70 end points are corresponding with cone shape hole 63 shapes, and be provided with the cock body 73 that the tool non-magnet_conductible material is made in its central position plug, these cock body 73 general T-shaped shapes, its miner diameter end inserts in the removable iron stamen 70, bigger diameter end then protrudes in removable iron stamen 70 end points, and the end in addition of removable iron stamen 70 is arranged with a washer 73 and an anti-drain gasket 74;
One valve body 80, has a screw 81 for valve seat 50 spiral shell portions 51 interlockings, an end that makes removable iron stamen 70 be provided with anti-drain gasket 74 stretches in the valve body 80, a pressure fluid is supplied with port 83 and whether a pressure fluid discharges port 83 intercommunications in order to switch, it supplies with port 83 and 83 of ports of discharging are provided with unhurried current port 84 in addition, so that when mobile iron stamen 70 cut off the supply port 83 of valve body 80 and discharges port 83, this valve body 80 was done the intercommunication of flow control with unhurried current port 84.
The power supply control mode of the utility model solenoid valve with commonly use identical, as shown in Figure 3, the utility model solenoid valve can be installed on nondestructive inspection gas burner, cooperate control of remote controller, the wireless according to this burner that opens and closes, these Implementation Modes are quite known, so repeat no more, below propose the utility model structure progress part:
1, the utility model sees through valve seat 50 and is plugged in bobbin 10 mesopores 11 with axial region 55, in order to winding region 13 across bobbin 10, magnet area 13, and valve seat 50 along axial region 55 concentric provided guide hole 56, guide hole 56 free ends screw togather for fixed iron stamen 60, make fixed iron stamen 60, valve seat 50 with bobbin 10 clippings in wherein, these single valve seat 50 guide holes 56 sizes quite are beneficial to precision cutting processing, be enough to for removable iron stamen 70 accurate sliding closing, overcome the aforementioned patent case according to this and form cumulative limit or the interference situations that track can produce with guide ring and permanent magnet, and in the time of can saving worker greatly and operation, reach according to this and meet economy and accurate principle and novel capabilities.
2, the utility model is because removable iron stamen 70 endpoint locations are provided with non-magnetic cock body 73, in order to removable iron stamen 70 end points of intermediary with between fixed iron stamen 60 end points link to each other, reduce both magnetic attractions when continuous according to this, so solenoid valve is by under the hold mode during involution initial point, it directly can reduce coil 30 deliveries, and then reaches the purpose of power-save operation.
3, in the cone shape hole 63 that is set in fixed iron stamen 60 end points of the removable iron stamen 70 end points correspondences of the utility model, when structural design makes removable iron stamen 70 end points and fixed iron stamen 60 end points desire mutual magnetic by this, be enough to produce the bigger air back-pressure of a specific surface area in this cone shape hole 63, in order to cushion removable iron stamen end points striking force, vibration-absorbing structure designs and can significantly reduce the removable iron stamen 70 permanent fixed iron stamens 60 of collision and the error situation that the position is loosening or slippage has some setbacks is arranged by this, makes this solenoid valve still can reach the accurate expectation function of control automatically under permanent use.
In sum, the utility model is broken through reform fully and is commonly used structure and be not easy long problem of precision machining assembling, power consumption, working life, is the height model utility on the technical concept, should accord with the patent application important document, files an application in the whence in accordance with the law.The above person of thought, it only is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, when can not with the scope implemented of qualification the utility model, promptly the equalization of being done according to the utility model claim generally changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that the utility model contains.
Claims (8)
1. electromagnetic valve structure is characterized in that: includes,
One bobbin has the mesopore that runs through left and right both ends of the surface, and then along left and right winding region, the magnet area of being arranged at intervals with of mesopore peripheral, axial, winding region is with the coil that is wound with of a direction, and the magnet area symmetry permanent magnet is installed;
One valve seat, be arranged at the bobbin right-hand member, this valve seat has one than path and be plugged in the axial region of bobbin mesopore in the left side, and this axial region is across winding region, magnet area, and valve seat along axial region concentric provided a guide hole, its guide hole free end that is positioned at winding region left end edge is provided with internal thread;
One fixed iron stamen, it is worn by the bobbin left end and pulls and screw togather the valve seat internal thread, make this fixed iron stamen, valve seat with the bobbin clipping in wherein, and this fixed iron stamen end points is positioned at winding region relatively;
One removable iron stamen, itself and fixed iron stamen are coaxially, and configuration sleeves in the valve seat guide hole, relative to magnet area, this removable iron stamen is promoted by a spring, makes its outer end give prominence to that valve seat right-hand member, end points then are positioned at the winding region scope and away from fixed iron stamen end points.
2. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: removable iron stamen end points is provided with non-magnetic cock body, and intermediary's removable iron stamen end points directly contacts with fixed iron stamen end points, forms a gap between removable iron stamen end points and fixed iron stamen.
3. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: fixed iron stamen is concaved with the cone shape hole of certain depth in end points, and removable iron stamen end points is corresponding with fixed iron stamen tapered bore profile.
4. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: valve seat is provided with screw than its path in the guide hole free end, fixed iron stamen has the screwing part than path, with the screw screw lock, and fixed iron stamen forms miner diameter end in screwing part ora terminalis periphery, but cooperates fixed iron stamen cone shape hole and make this fixed iron stamen end points edge form the buffer part of a radial dilatation.
5. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: permanent magnet is with two and the symmetrical magnet area that is installed on bobbin.
6. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: valve seat is equipped with spiral shell portion in the right side, be concaved with the O shape groove of installing for O shape ring along connecting spiral shell portion outer periphery, spiral shell portion free end then is concaved with spring housing along position of center line, and the valve seat guide hole is communicated with spring housing, removable iron stamen must be slided in seating spring chamber, guide hole and close, and the spring that this removable iron stamen outer end is installed on spring housing promotes.
7. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: valve seat spiral shell portion interlocking is in the screw of a valve body, removable iron stamen outer end is stretched in the valve body, supply with port and the intercommunication of pressure fluid discharging port to switch a pressure fluid, valve body is provided with the unhurried current port in addition in supplying with between port and discharging port, when removable iron stamen sever supply port and discharging port, this valve body is done the intercommunication of flow control with the unhurried current port.
8. electromagnetic valve structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with a guard shield and bobbin two relative magnet area and winding region peripheries are covered with in the bobbin peripheral closure, this guard shield is provided with penetration hole in the position of relative mesopore, fixed iron stamen is worn this penetration hole of pulling, and guard shield is held in addition then to buckle the edge hook joint in the set buckle of bobbin right-hand member.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007201525727U CN201045412Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Electromagnet valve structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007201525727U CN201045412Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Electromagnet valve structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN201045412Y true CN201045412Y (en) | 2008-04-09 |
Family
ID=39308884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNU2007201525727U Expired - Fee Related CN201045412Y (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | Electromagnet valve structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN201045412Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102563174A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 高砂电气(苏州)有限公司 | Semi-self-locking electromagnetic valve |
CN106641078A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 江阴市天润机械制造有限公司 | High-airtightness electromagnetic valve used for hydraulic adjustable-damping shock absorber |
CN112451017A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 浙江海创医疗器械有限公司 | Pancreas intestine anastomat |
CN112728471A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-04-30 | 上安(天津)消防科技有限公司 | Emergent signal light utensil of suspension type fire control convenient to dismantle |
-
2007
- 2007-06-08 CN CNU2007201525727U patent/CN201045412Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102563174A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 高砂电气(苏州)有限公司 | Semi-self-locking electromagnetic valve |
CN106641078A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 江阴市天润机械制造有限公司 | High-airtightness electromagnetic valve used for hydraulic adjustable-damping shock absorber |
CN106641078B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-09-04 | 江阴市天润机械制造有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic pressure damping-adjustable shock-absorber solenoid valve that leakproofness is strong |
CN112451017A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 浙江海创医疗器械有限公司 | Pancreas intestine anastomat |
CN112451017B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江海创医疗器械有限公司 | Pancreas intestine anastomat |
CN112728471A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-04-30 | 上安(天津)消防科技有限公司 | Emergent signal light utensil of suspension type fire control convenient to dismantle |
CN112728471B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-08-23 | 上安(天津)消防科技有限公司 | Emergent signal light utensil of suspension type fire control convenient to dismantle |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN201045412Y (en) | Electromagnet valve structure | |
US20120298896A1 (en) | Pilot solenoid valve | |
CN102338231B (en) | Two-position three-way electromagnetic valve | |
TWI268322B (en) | Electromagnetic valve | |
CN214741774U (en) | High-speed electromagnetic valve and oil sprayer | |
CN106895194B (en) | Small high-pressure self-locking valve | |
MX344674B (en) | Solenoid pilot valve for a hydraulic valve, in particular for household appliances. | |
CN201779280U (en) | Piston type pilot solenoid valve | |
CN103899784A (en) | Diaphragm type solenoid valve | |
CN107731447B (en) | A kind of double drive formula two-pass electromagnet | |
CN206770730U (en) | Electromagnetic valve and water purifying and drinking machine | |
CN206619458U (en) | A kind of axial magnetized permanent magnet solenoid | |
CN202451934U (en) | Magnetic latching energy-saving electromagnetic valve | |
CN202110910U (en) | Electromagnet for proportional valve | |
CN204437396U (en) | A kind of hand push declines electric current gas electromagnetic valve | |
CN204127361U (en) | Hydraulic pressure large discharge high-speed figure valve open in usual | |
CN105318082B (en) | Self-holding electromagnetic valve | |
CN201029076Y (en) | Driving mechanism | |
CN102753873A (en) | Solenoid valve | |
CN205487929U (en) | Bistable state permanent magnetic mechanism of low pressure vacuum contactor | |
CN106015694B (en) | A kind of energy-saving electrical magnetic assembly | |
CN202215826U (en) | Pilot-operated type, large-flow and low-power dedicated electromagnetic valve for high pressure gases | |
CN202165675U (en) | Magnetically driving/ electrically switching, mechanically maintaining and signal output solenoid valve | |
CN205559940U (en) | Solenoid valve | |
CN204729179U (en) | A kind of diesel engine fuel shut-off solenoid |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080409 Termination date: 20140608 |