CN201038797Y - Self-adaptive battery charging circuit - Google Patents
Self-adaptive battery charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201038797Y CN201038797Y CNU2007201196062U CN200720119606U CN201038797Y CN 201038797 Y CN201038797 Y CN 201038797Y CN U2007201196062 U CNU2007201196062 U CN U2007201196062U CN 200720119606 U CN200720119606 U CN 200720119606U CN 201038797 Y CN201038797 Y CN 201038797Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a self-regulation battery charge circuit which can charge various batteries and can avoid an overfull charge or lack charge. The utility model comprises a power supply circuit, a control circuit and an impulse charge circuit. The control circuit comprises an SCM, and the impulse charge circuit comprises a plurality of charge branches which are connected in parallel, and each charge branch is controlled by the single pin of the SCM which acquires timely charge voltage signals and charge current signals of each charge branch form the impulse charge circuit and a current sampling circuit, and the SCM compares the acquired signals with pre-set reference data to judge the variety of batteries. The SCM also calculates the time variations of the charge voltage signals and charge current signals of each charge branch, and calculates the voltage differences between a positive impulse and a zero impulse to judge the present charge state of batteries so as to correct the charge curve of the batteries and decide charge phase. The SCM also acquires the max charge voltage, voltage positive rate, voltage zero increment, voltage negative increment and battery capability increment to judge the full-charge degree of the batteries so as to decide whether charge should be stopped.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to battery charger, the battery charger that specifically relates to discern different battery varieties and choose corresponding charging scheme.
Background technology
At present only to ni-mh, nickel separation cell charging, or it is comparatively universal to the charging circuit of alkaline battery charging separately, but, and can discern battery variety and select the full-automatic self adaptation charging circuit of charging scheme also to be familiar with and extensive use by people far away automatically not only to alkaline battery but also to ni-mh, nickel separation cell charging.Current limliting constant voltage or control method are regularly all just adopted in existing charging to alkaline battery.The method has a lot of weak points, because of alkaline battery along with its internal resistance of increase of charging times has different the variation, its charging curve also has tangible change.Repeatedly inner electrolyte is charging and discharging in the process and is reducing some alkaline battery of charging method that only adopts the current limliting constant voltage because of it in the back at cycle charging, it is very high that internal resistance becomes, this moment, its charge efficiency will be very low, even can not fill if also adopt and the same saturated cut-ff voltage that charges before.Some battery cycle charging has repeatedly produced partially crystallizable because of its negative zinc cream in the back in addition, it is very low that internal resistance becomes, this moment, the electric energy major part of charging was used on the decomposition water, make the moisture content electrolysis in the alkaline battery electrolyte produce hydrogen and oxygen, these gases increase the pressure of inside battery, are easy to generate leakage and blast.
The self adaptation charging technique that pair alkaline battery, ni-mh electricity battery, nickel separation cell are not arranged in the prior art has as yet been mentioned the new method of some modern charging techniques in the pertinent literature, for example:
1. mention a kind of multipurpose charging device in Chinese patent ZL01109995.X, proposition can be to ni-mh, nickel every, plumbic acid, and common zinc-manganese dry battery charge.But to adjust switch S according to artificial the going of different battery varieties and select different constant voltage output, see this technology and non-self-adapting thus, and be to adopt series connection constant voltage control mode, can not be just the same because of the internal resistance and the charging curve of battery, overcharge, owe to fill and leakage so this mode is easy to generate.
2. in application number is 94111648.4 Chinese patent application, pointed out full-automatic charger,, realized from 9 kinds of charge modes, selecting a kind of best charge mode of thinking by detecting the temperature and the voltage of battery to two kinds of battery types.But can not automatically charge to alkaline battery.
It seems from the new technology of these charging controls, have not yet to see from composite factor and consider the scheme of the self adaptation charging technique of solution alkaline battery, ni-mh electricity battery, nickel separation cell comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of adaptive battery charging circuit, solves the problem that can not carry out the self adaptation charging in the prior art simultaneously to alkaline battery, Ni-MH battery and nickel-cadmium cell.
The adaptive battery charging circuit that is provided, comprise power circuit, control circuit and pulse current charge circuit, described control circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer, described pulse current charge circuit comprises the charging paths of many parallel connections, each charging paths is by single-chip microcomputer one independent pin control, described single-chip microcomputer obtains the charging voltage signal and the charging current signal of each charging paths in real time from pulse current charge circuit and current sampling circuit, compares the judgement battery variety with default reference data; Described single-chip microcomputer calculates the charging voltage signal and the charging current signal of each charging paths and measures over time, and the voltage difference information between charging positive pulse and zero pulse, judge battery present located charged state, formulate the charging curve of battery and determine the charging stage according to this charged state correction; Described single-chip microcomputer obtains the maximum charging voltage, voltage positive slope, voltage zero increment, negative increment of voltage of battery and the full degree of filling that the battery capacity increment is judged battery, fills full degree according to battery and stops charging.
Further, described single-chip microcomputer comprises a counter, is used for picking up counting after battery charge begins, and ends battery charge after reaching default the longest charging interval.
Compared with prior art, the adaptive battery charging circuit that the utility model provides can be made omnibearing adjustment according to the kind and the charge condition of battery, has ensured that effectively charging curve conforms to actual curve, to reach best charging effect.Stop quick charge by calculating and confidence level examination in addition to each variable quantity, battery to every charging paths charging is realized independent electric weight detection, capacity check, time calendar scheduling, effectively avoid over-charging of battery and owed to fill phenomenon, prolonged the useful life of battery greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of the utility model self adaptation charging circuit.
Fig. 2 is the physical circuit figure of the utility model self adaptation charging circuit one execution mode.
Embodiment
Consult shown in Figure 1ly, adaptive battery charging circuit of the present utility model mainly comprises power circuit 20, control circuit 30, pulse current charge circuit 40, current sampling circuit 60, display part 70 and benchmark source of stable pressure 80.Wherein the wide voltage of power circuit 20 receptions exchanges the suitable back of changing of input AC85-265V 10 works and provides operating voltage for control circuit 30, display part 70 and benchmark source of stable pressure 80.In addition, provide voltage to benchmark source of stable pressure 80 by described power circuit 20, by benchmark source of stable pressure 80 output burning voltages, this burning voltage is as the reference voltage of control circuit 30 again.Described control circuit 30 inside prestore parameters in series and program.The for example initial output voltage of predefined separately maximum voltage such as alkaline battery, Ni-MH battery and nickel-cadmium cell, maximum duration, power supply, internal resistance, negative increment of voltage-Δ V etc.Described control circuit 30 obtains battery charge information in real time from described current sampling circuit 60, and obtain the charging voltage signal in real time from pulse current charge circuit 40, according to the charge condition of the charge information judgement battery that obtains, control output and the charging pulsewidth of pulse current charge circuit 40 or the charging that duty ratio is finished battery 50 of power circuit 20 with this.
Specifically introduce each module of the utility model adaptive battery charging circuit below in conjunction with Fig. 2.
Power circuit 20: power circuit 20 receives the alternating voltage of 85-265VAC10, rectifying and wave-filtering is after switch adjusting module IC1 delivers to transformer T1, export two groups of voltages by transformer T1, one group behind diode D3 and capacitor C 5 rectifying and wave-filterings output voltage V ccl (3V) give each battery charge to pulse current charge road 40, another the group behind diode D2 and capacitor C 4 rectifying and wave-filterings output voltage V cc2 (10V) to two circuit, output voltage V cc (5V) after voltage stabilizing supplies control circuit 30 to the first to triode Q2 and chip IC 7, be single-chip microcomputer IC5 work, it two is to benchmark source of stable pressure 80, by providing reference voltage for control circuit 30 after voltage stabilizing chip IC 6 voltage stabilizings in the benchmark source of stable pressure 80.
Switch adjusting module IC1 includes 135 degree protective circuits (not shown), and when temperature surpassed limiting temperature, protective circuit then reduced the power output of power circuit 20 automatically, avoids the too high damage element of temperature.
Benchmark source of stable pressure 80 mainly by triode Q1, voltage stabilizing chip IC 6, resistance R 29, R31, R32, R33, R35, and capacitor C 14 form, mainly be different voltage stabilizing values to be sent to the 12nd pin of single-chip microcomputer IC5, finish the work that reference voltage is provided according to the control signal of the 4th pin of single-chip microcomputer IC5 output.
Self check: all indicator lights are showed the score not to extinguish after red green alternately the flicker one second behind the plug-in source.
Ni-MH battery charging indication: battery charge, long bright in the corresponding indicator light with red light.
Alkaline battery charging indication: battery charge, corresponding indicator light is with alternately flicker of red green.
Be full of indication: long bright in the corresponding indicator light with green light.
Zinc-manganese dioxide dry cell inserts: the charging of self adaptation charging circuit refusal, corresponding indicator light is not done any demonstration.
Battery connects instead: the self adaptation charging circuit detects to unusual, and corresponding indicator light is with blinking red lamp.
The battery loose contact: corresponding indicator light is with blinking red lamp.
The damage battery inserts: the self adaptation charging circuit does not charge, and corresponding indicator light is with blinking red lamp.
Ground connection constituted after pulse current charge circuit 40 was mainly connected with resistance by the metal-oxide-semiconductor switch, and metal-oxide-semiconductor switch and resistance joint are connected to battery and charge the battery.Among Fig. 2, ground connection constitutes four charging paths that are arranged in parallel after having adopted four metal-oxide-semiconductor switch I C3A, IC3B, IC4A, IC4B to connect with four resistance R 10, R12, R13, R15 respectively, the charging paths of these four parallel connections is mainly obtained the control signal of each battery according to the 1st pin, 20 pin, 17 pin, 14 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC5, and then make and open accordingly and close, charge and stop to wait work.The charge condition of these four charging paths is shown by four demonstration branch roads of display part 70 respectively, in addition, the junction of metal-oxide-semiconductor switch and resistance also is connected to the 2nd pin, 3 pin, 18 pin and 19 pin with single-chip microcomputer IC5 respectively in each charging paths, is used for the charging voltage situation of each rechargeable battery of real-time sampling.
Single-chip microcomputer IC5 is the core of the utility model adaptive battery charging circuit, and it specifically works as follows:
Initialization: after single-chip microcomputer resets at first initial output voltage, internal resistance, the negative increment of voltage-Δ V (3MV) etc. to the maximum charging voltage of each parameter such as all kinds of batteries, the longest charging interval, power supply set, and each input/output port is defined, carry out self check then;
Determine battery variety: after each reference data of the voltage data that the 3rd pin of single-chip microcomputer IC5,2 pin, 19 pin, 18 pin are obtained from each battery and the current data of the 13rd pin sampling and single-chip microcomputer IC5 inner setting is relatively comprehensively judged, and then accurately judge the kind of battery.
Judge the charging stage: charging begins promptly to enter pre-charge state, voltage, the electric current of each battery of acquisition testing that will not stop during charging are measured over time, and positive pulse and 0 interpulse information such as voltage difference, estimate the internal resistance of battery by analysis-by-synthesis, and then calculate battery present located state, formulate the charging curve of battery according to the current state of living in of battery by the software correction, and determine the different phase of charging according to the different conditions of battery.
Judge the battery saturated conditions: the back sample of adopting of a plurality of variablees such as the maximum voltage Vmax by battery when filling, voltage positive slope, voltage zero increment 0 Δ V, negative increment of voltage-Δ V, maximum duration Tmax, battery capacity increment carries out analysis-by-synthesis, and in conjunction with fuzzy control technology each data are carried out confidence level and investigate the removal true and false, if phenomenon is true, then take appropriate measures, otherwise then ignore.Single-chip microcomputer IC5 inside also comprises a counter (not shown), is used for picking up counting after charging beginning, when other parameter is inoperative, when this timer timing reaches default maximum duration, stops charging process, prevents that each battery from seriously overcharging.
0 volt of part and short circuit battery are recovered: when charging circuit detects 0 volt of battery, single-chip microcomputer IC5 control impuls charging circuit 40 carries out restorative charging with high-frequency impulse to battery, if cell voltage then carries out quick charge after reaching a predetermined voltage (0.8V) after recovering.Otherwise then controlling display part 70 shows bad electricity and stops charging.When charging circuit detects short circuit battery, single-chip microcomputer IC5 control power circuit 20 and pulse current charge circuit 40, output high frequency heavy current pulse activates battery.
The operation principle of the utility model adaptive battery charging circuit can be sketched and be: single-chip microcomputer IC5 the voltage signal of returning from battery sampling through digital filtering eliminate disturb and harmonic components after, carry out variable confidence level examinations such as voltage positive slope, voltage zero increment 0 Δ V, negative increment of voltage-Δ V, maximum voltage Vmax and judge with comprehensive, and then 40 work of control impuls charging circuit.The current sampling circuit 60 charging current signal of will sampling is sent into single-chip microcomputer IC5, defeated control signal is to power circuit 20 after single-chip microcomputer IC5 conversion compares with reference voltage, make whole power circuit 20 make the adjustment of charging current and power output, and make the curve of charging consistent with the curve of actual battery in conjunction with the judged result of voltage signal according to the kind of battery.In addition, single-chip microcomputer IC5 internal counter is adopted in maximum duration control.Counter is started working after battery begins to charge.Single-chip microcomputer IC5 also calculates the battery charge capacity according to the current signal of sampling, and constantly proofreaies and correct maximum voltage according to the battery charge capacity.When above-mentioned condition meets when necessarily requiring, single-chip microcomputer IC5 closes pulse output, finishes charging process.
The advantage of this self adaptation charging circuit is:
This charging circuit hardware circuit is succinctly reliable, control circuit 30 uses single-chip microcomputer IC5 control, power circuit 20 has adopted integrated switch adjusting module, and by the direct control switch adjusting module of single-chip microcomputer IC5, realized highly integrated, the entire circuit peripheral cell reduces in a large number, and is very succinct reliable.Wide voltage exchanges input 85-265VAC, can general global voltage.
Single-chip microcomputer IC5 can directly control power circuit 20, makes whole power circuit 20 make omnibearing adjustment according to the kind and the charge condition of battery, has ensured that effectively charging curve conforms to actual curve, to reach best charging effect.
Set up dynamic model, stop quick charge, effectively avoided over-charging of battery and owed to fill phenomenon, prolonged the useful life of battery greatly by calculating and confidence level examination to each variable quantity.
Can recover 0 volt of part and short circuit battery.
Can realize the high magnification current charges, the charging interval is short, and the charging circuit cost is low, and the associativity of single-chip microcomputer IC5 and power supply is good, power supply that makes full use of and single-chip microcomputer IC5 resource.
Hardware circuit is realized simple and reliable and is had charging circuit autoprotection, safety and reliability.
Can realize that independent electric weight detection, capacity check, the time clocks etc. to the battery of every charging paths charging, avoided serial connection charge can not to each battery detect separately brought overcharge and owe to fill etc. phenomenon.
This charging circuit allows ni-mh and alkaline battery mixed charged, and can be simultaneously to many AA or AAA battery charge.
Claims (9)
1. adaptive battery charging circuit, comprise power circuit, control circuit and pulse current charge circuit, it is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer, described pulse current charge circuit comprises the charging paths of many parallel connections, each charging paths is by the independent pin control of single-chip microcomputer one, and described single-chip microcomputer obtains the charging voltage signal and the charging current signal of each charging paths in real time from pulse current charge circuit and current sampling circuit, compares the judgement battery variety with default reference data; Described single-chip microcomputer calculates the charging voltage signal and the charging current signal of each charging paths and measures over time, and the voltage difference information between charging positive pulse and zero pulse, judge battery present located charged state, formulate the charging curve of battery and determine the charging stage according to this charged state correction; Described single-chip microcomputer obtains the maximum charging voltage, voltage positive slope, voltage zero increment, negative increment of voltage of battery and the full degree of filling that the battery capacity increment is judged battery, fills full degree according to battery and stops charging.
2. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described single-chip microcomputer comprises a counter, is used for picking up counting after battery charge begins, and ends battery charge after reaching default the longest charging interval.
3. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises a display part, and described display part comprises a plurality of demonstration branch roads that are arranged in parallel, and each shows that branch road shows the charge condition of battery on the corresponding charging paths.
4. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises that also an electrify restoration circuit resets when being used to make described single-chip microcomputer to power on.
5. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise a photoelectrical coupler, described single-chip microcomputer charges the battery to adapt to the battery classification according to the output of battery variety by this photoelectrical coupler output control signal control power circuit.
6. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described power circuit comprises a switch adjusting module, and described switch adjusting module charges the battery to adapt to the battery classification according to the output of the control signal control power circuit of single-chip microcomputer output.
7. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described power circuit comprises a peak voltage absorption circuit, the peak voltage that produces on the power circuit when being used to absorb the shutoff of switch adjusting module.
8. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises that also a reference voltage source is used for providing reference voltage to described single-chip microcomputer.
9. adaptive battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described power circuit receives wide voltage and exchanges input AC85-265V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201196062U CN201038797Y (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Self-adaptive battery charging circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201196062U CN201038797Y (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Self-adaptive battery charging circuit |
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| CN201038797Y true CN201038797Y (en) | 2008-03-19 |
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| CNU2007201196062U Expired - Fee Related CN201038797Y (en) | 2007-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Self-adaptive battery charging circuit |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008128429A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-30 | Shiqing Li | An adaptive battery charging circuit |
| CN102081143A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 宏达国际电子股份有限公司 | Estimation method and system of battery capacity |
| CN102539947A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 东莞市妙达电动工具制造有限公司 | Active voltage negative increase tester for charger testing |
| TWI409487B (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-09-21 | Lite On Clean Energy Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for detecting state of charge of battery |
| CN109245235A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司 | A kind of charging method of multi-battery charging system and more batteries |
| CN109357782A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-19 | 广州市优仪电子科技有限公司 | Temperature sensing circuit |
-
2007
- 2007-04-18 CN CNU2007201196062U patent/CN201038797Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008128429A1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-30 | Shiqing Li | An adaptive battery charging circuit |
| CN102081143A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | 宏达国际电子股份有限公司 | Estimation method and system of battery capacity |
| CN102081143B (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2013-04-24 | 宏达国际电子股份有限公司 | Estimation method and system of battery capacity |
| TWI409487B (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-09-21 | Lite On Clean Energy Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for detecting state of charge of battery |
| CN102539947A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 东莞市妙达电动工具制造有限公司 | Active voltage negative increase tester for charger testing |
| CN109245235A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司 | A kind of charging method of multi-battery charging system and more batteries |
| CN109245235B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-05-27 | 东君新能源有限公司 | Multi-battery charging system and multi-battery charging method |
| CN109357782A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-19 | 广州市优仪电子科技有限公司 | Temperature sensing circuit |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20090213 Address after: Floor 3, building three, A, intimate Industrial Park, Golden Road, Kwai Chung street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, China: 518119 Patentee after: Shenzhen Yingji Industrial Co.,Ltd. Address before: Floor 3, building three, A,, Longgang, Guangdong, Shenzhen, China Patentee before: Li Shiqing |
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| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: SHENZHEN CITY YINGJI INDUSTRY CO.,LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LI SHIQING Effective date: 20090213 |
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| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080319 Termination date: 20140418 |